Expectations Of Society Research Articles

An empirical study of the level of corruption intolerance among the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs

ObjectivesThe report presents the objective need to measure the level of corruption intolerance in the public sector and its importance for the formation of specific behavior aimed at the observance of important value principles in the performance of official duties in the public sector. The activity of the state administration should justify society's expectations of professional competence, legality, loyalty, correctness and responsibility. That is why corruption intolerance can be accepted as a factor for measuring the quality of activity in the public sector. The empirical research on the corruption intolerance in the Ministry of the Intenal Affairs is an important indicator for the efficiency of the system.MethodsThe scientific methodology used is a combination of a theoretical review of the issue, a critical scientific review and the presentation of new scientific advances in the measurement of corruption intolerance.ResultsThe rates of corruption intolerance in the Ministry of Internal Affairs are satisfactory.ConclusionsThere is an objective need to maintain a high level of motivation and effectiveness of training to achieve high-quality professional performance of official duties among the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Therefore, Dynamic socio-economic changes necessitate a new approach to the problems of measuring the corruption intolerance.

Assessment of the Adaptive Behavior of Young Children with Visual Impairments in an Early Intervention Service: A Pilot Study.

Adaptive behavior, defined as a critical set of skills learned and performed throughout daily life to cope with society's age-appropriate expectations, is a central concept for people with disabilities in both clinical and research contexts. As AB is an essential component of daily functioning, assessment is necessary both for the diagnostic process and for intervention, as it enables scores to be compared with the developmental norm, identifies strengths and weaknesses of the persons and monitors the progress of interventions. AB assessment is common in children with developmental delays but less common in children with visual impairment (VI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the AB of young children with VI through a pilot study and descriptive data. The participants were recruited through an early childhood special needs education service specialized in VI in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Overall, 10 families gave their consent for their child to be assessed using the Vineland Adaptative Behavior Scale-II (VABS-II) completed by their early childhood educator. Globally, the results showed that participants were rated between the Adapted to Moderately High levels. The highest domains were in the areas of communication, daily living skills and socialization. The results showed a trend that is superior to previous studies assessing the AB of a similar population. As a result, one obvious perspective would be to adapt the scale to ensure that the items assessed are more consistent with the specificities of their development and the intervention priorities, enabling them to achieve adaptive behavior and independence in carrying out activities of daily living.

Latvian Research Libraries from the 1980s to the Present

Abstract This article explores the evolution of Latvia’s leading research libraries from the final decade of Soviet occupation to the present day. After the Soviet time, libraries have undergone great changes and have become modern, multifunctional cultural, educational, and research centres responding to the needs and expectations of society. The article focuses on the National Library of Latvia, centre of the Latvian library system since its foundation in 1919. The State Unified Library Information System has modernised the entire network of publicly accessible libraries. Twelve major libraries have been involved in developing the electronic catalogue. Work on the Latvian National Digital Library has been ongoing since 2006. The Latvian Government’s decision in 2002 to build a new National Library (opened in 2014) has also spurred on the renovation or construction of many other libraries in Latvia.

Buying what matters: towards a value model allowing to implement policy preference in public procurement

Purpose The purpose of this study is to promote value as a core concept enabling innovative and socially responsible procurement. It suggests how organisations should analyse value from their own perspective and from that of their stakeholders and users, to keep pace with the expectations of today's society. Design/methodology/approach The study examines developments in recent legislation and case law of the EU as well as observed good practice. It builds on these bases and on economic and behavioural approaches to define value and embed it in the awarding framework of public contracts. Findings While traditional “prescriptive” approaches face legality and efficiency challenges as buyers must take into account societal considerations, this change of perspective allows to pursue policies in a more transparent and defendable manner. The study proposes a simple value model as a framework for such analysis. Research limitations/implications The study opens a field for further qualitative and comparative research, measuring or determining how active implementation of value approaches improve efficiency and/or lead to better fulfilment of procurement and policy objectives. Practical implications Reasoning in terms of value can be further developed into enabling measures promoting sustainable sourcing, support of local and small businesses and bonds with communities. Social implications An explicit introduction of value as a procurement enabler should help organisations to implement their sustainability policies and to better use public procurement as a strategic instrument, and even as a driver of social innovation. Originality/value In spite of the pressing practical challenges related to value in public procurement, literature on this topic is scarce and has mostly tackled the problematics from a purely legal or theoretical point of view. This paper tends to address it from different and more practical perspectives, such as contribution of procurement to governance; linking public procurement and public policy; meaning of innovation from transaction (market) perspective and its implications for tendering.

Synergetic Approach Model for Improving Vocational Education: Characteristics, Guidelines and Applications

The main purpose of vocational education is to prepare students for their future professional development, including the acquisition of skills and competencies necessary for the labor market. The research aims to present a model that gains effectiveness of applying a synergetic approach for improving vocational education. The synergetic approach could be an innovative pedagogical concept in VET that creates an open educational environment utilizing the application of different approaches and teaching methods. Basically the model proposed combines the change in curricula, the use of learning resources for practical teaching and the change in the way of assessment as kernel guideines for achieving better student outcomes. The ensuing benefits of applying a synergetic approach in VET are related to the possibility that vocational education is required to meet the needs of the contemporary labor market, as well as it answers to the expectations of society to prepare young people for their successful employment in industry. Other benefits are related to the possibility of restructuring the learning content, using various teaching methods, formative assessment, acquisition of permanent knowledge, as well as acquisition of skills for critical evaluation of information and self-evaluation of the achieved results to increase motivation. In synergetic learning, the content of the learning materials differs significantly from those traditionally used in vocational training, and the teacher has the opportunity to adapt the learning content to the needs of the specific student.

In what environment can female college students excel? An analysis of gender differences in learning of Chinese college students

With the expansion of higher education in China, gender equity has been largely improved at the entrance to undergraduate education. Yet, whether male and female students developed equally during college is still under debate. Using data from a Chinese national college student survey in 2021, this study explores gender differences in learning behaviors and outcomes of college students and examines whether they are influenced differently by educational environmental factors. Employing multiple regression models, we find that though female students outperformed males on active learning behaviors and academic scores, they were less active in higher-order learning behaviors, resource-intensive high-impact educational practice, and student-faculty interactions and reported lower educational gains than their male counterparts. Environmental and educational factors, including institute type, gender composition, academic challenges, and student support, influence the gender gaps in different ways. Overall, most female college students behave under the gender expectations of society and are less responsive to educational factors than their male counterparts. Collectively, these findings underscore the need for heightened awareness of gender gaps in the learning process in different learning environments and advocate for a more tailored collegiate environment that optimally supports female students’ educational pursuits.

Exploring the experiences of English-speaking women who have moved to Israel and subsequently used Israeli fertility treatment services: A qualitative study.

Israel's pronatalist cultures result in a social expectation to have children and drive Israel's fertility rate of 2.9. Israeli policy reflects this through funding unlimited fertility treatment up to two children. Societal pressure to have children exacerbates challenges of fertility treatment. Furthermore, the lack of financial burden creates a culture of perseverance following treatment failures. Whilst the experiences of Israeli women using fertility treatment have been studied, the experiences of women who migrated to Israel and were therefore raised in a different society have not. This study aimed to address this gap in knowledge. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews to investigate the experiences of 13 English-speaking women who utilised Israeli state funded fertility treatment. Participants were located across Israel and were recruited using purposive sampling through social media. Data was analysed using framework analysis. Despite not being aimed at specific ethnic or religious groups, all respondents were Jewish. Three themes were identified: 1. Systemic factors: The lack of financial burden was positive, however, participants struggled to navigate the bureaucratic healthcare system, especially when experiencing a language barrier. 2. Influence of others: Encountering a cold bedside manner alongside contending with the expectations of a pronatalist society was challenging. Participants utilised support from other migrants who appreciated the same culture shock. Understanding of healthcare professionals regarding shared religious values further improved treatment experiences. 3. Impact of journey: Participants often withdrew socially and the treatment process implicated upon their lives, jobs and relationships. Navigating a bureaucratic system and pronatalist society are difficulties associated with fertility treatment in Israel. The lack of financial burden and an understanding of religious and cultural beliefs by healthcare providers improved treatment experience. Better provision of resources in English and further research into supporting women who are navigating Israel's pronatalist society is required.

Behavioral Intervention for Adults With Autism on Distribution of Attention in Triadic Conversations: A/B-Tested Pre-Post Study.

Cross-neurotype differences in social communication patterns contribute to high unemployment rates among adults with autism. Adults with autism can be unsuccessful in job searches or terminated from employment due to mismatches between their social attention behaviors and society's expectations on workplace communication. We propose a behavioral intervention concerning distribution of attention in triadic (three-way) conversations. Specifically, the objective is to determine whether providing personalized feedback to each individual with autism based on an analysis of their attention distribution behavior during an initial conversation session would cause them to modify their orientation behavior in a subsequent conversation session. Our system uses an unobtrusive head orientation estimation model to track the focus of attention of each individual. Head orientation sequences from a conversation session are analyzed based on five statistical domains (eg, maximum exclusion duration and average contact duration) representing different types of attention distribution behavior. An intervention is provided to a participant if they exceeded the nonautistic average for that behavior by at least 2 SDs. The intervention uses data analysis and video modeling along with a constructive discussion about the targeted behaviors. Twenty-four individuals with autism with no intellectual disabilities participated in the study. The participants were divided into test and control groups of 12 participants each. Based on their attention distribution behavior in the initial conversation session, 11 of the 12 participants in the test group received an intervention in at least one domain. Of the 11 participants who received the intervention, 10 showed improvement in at least one domain on which they received feedback. Independent t tests for larger test groups (df>15) confirmed that the group improvements are statistically significant compared with the corresponding controls (P<.05). Crawford-Howell t tests confirmed that 78% of the interventions resulted in significant improvements when compared individually against corresponding controls (P<.05). Additional t tests comparing the first conversation sessions of the test and control groups and comparing the first and second conversation sessions of the control group resulted in nonsignificant differences, pointing to the intervention being the main effect behind the behavioral changes displayed by the test group, as opposed to confounding effects or group differences. Our proposed behavioral intervention offers a useful framework for practicing social attention behavior in multiparty conversations that are common in social and professional settings.

Reading Gender Stereotypes in Printed Advertisements

Semiotics describes how advertising messages manipulate the connection between ‘meaning’ and ‘reality’ by investigating how already determined meanings are attributed to given products, thus establishing methods of decoding their true meaning. Therefore, the central theme of the semiotic approach to advertising is establishing a connection between meaning and reality. To that extent, semiotics as the science of signs is not an abstract study but rather reflects the essence of social life emphasizing the multi-layered and dynamic character of meaning creation. Advertising messages, therefore, have as much meaning as they have ‘readers’. This research aimed to establish a connection between gender stereotypes and advertising messages, i.e. to point out the main gender stereotypes shown in advertising messages, and to determine whether, in the new century, there have been changes in the way and contexts of the portrayal of women and men in advertisements compared to of the same in the past. A total of 31 advertising messages displayed in a women’s magazine were examined. A detailed analysis of the visual representation of female and male bodies, symbols, body positioning, and products was conducted. Messages are direct and open. Human bodies are glorified by emphasizing a healthy, well-shaped, well-groomed female and male body as a symbol of the extension of the species. It has also been noted that advertising messages reflect changes in society and social expectations among members of both sexes.

Navigating ‘safe’ and ‘non-safe’ queer spaces

Abstract It is well documented that gay people adopt behavioural strategies to navigate the heteronormative expectations and norms of social space. These practices are likely to be particularly pronounced in socially conservative countries which have seen less progress for LGBTQ+ rights. This study examines how two gay men (Rui and Kenni) stylistically negotiate their sexual identities in a socially conservative country – Singapore – by analyzing the variation in two phonetic variables that have been linked to gender and sexuality: Pitch and /s/. We show that both speakers style-shift across queer-friendly and heteronormative environments though the rate and degree of shifting is influenced both by the situated social meanings of the features and the interactional context. Concluding, we argue that research should consider how minoritised individuals are required to style-shift in order to adhere to the hegemonic norms and expectations of society.

Identity, Creativity and Performance Spaces in Wales and Southwest England

Globally, performative spaces and venues of artistic creativity are governed by sets of conventions which impact the creative process. In this article, we discuss the experiences of four different creatives, operating in four different creative spaces. A poet and football player, a theatre producer and script writer, a gallery curator, and a ballet dancer have all shared their experiences of how traditionally white and heteronormative discourses regulate their respective creative spaces, the ways they conform to or transgress these norms, and the ways their interactions with their chosen creative spaces affect their creativity. These creatives have identities which are somehow ‘marked’, somehow ‘different’ from the ‘norms’ Wales and South-West England. Whether members of the LGBTQ+ community, migrants to Wales from European and Caribbean countries, or being a different race to many around them, the creatives all have complicated interactions with the norms of their creative spaces within Wales and South-West England. These creative’s identities often clash with an entrenched lack of diversity and the broader expectations of British society. Despite, or perhaps, because of, these conflicts and tensions, each of the creatives discussed here found immense joy in the relationship between their identity/ies and their creative spaces and discovered how their own identity/ies are a central driving force for their creativity. Regardless of the differences of their mediums, each creative interviewed sought to centre their identity, to help them create art which can challenge dominant white and heteronormative discourses in wider British society.

Relevance of the Master's Program in Clinical and Molecular Laboratory Diagnosis at the National University of Chimborazo, Ecuador

Introduction: relevance studies are a crucial tool to ensure the quality and effectiveness of master's programs, ensuring they meet the expectations of students, society, and educational institutions, the objective of the research was to evaluate the relevance of the Master's program in Clinical and Molecular Laboratory Diagnosis at the National University of Chimborazo concerning current trends, advances in science and technology, and professional demand. Methods: descriptive investigation with a quantitative approach. The population consisted of 238 professionals, divided into two samples: "A" composed of 205 clinical laboratory professionals, and "B" composed of 23 employers in the same field. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used for both samples.Results: the study confirmed the need to establish this master's program to improve the training of clinical laboratory graduates. 99 % of the respondents expressed interest in pursuing postgraduate studies, supporting the program's feasibility. The 23 employers supported the training of professionals with advanced studies, allowing them to update their knowledge. The program's relevance lies in addressing key areas identified as weaknesses, highlighting the urgency of improving training to provide more effective patient care.Conclusions: the study confirmed the need for the master's program, with 99% of respondents interested and employer support, highlighting the importance of updating knowledge and improving skills to offer more effective clinical services.

SERVICE AS A VALUE IN BUILDING THE AUTHORITY OF A POLISH SOLDIER

ABSTRACT: Aim: The main research goal was to show people's perception of young people - secondary school students - serving their homeland. Moreover, the aim was to define the axiology that should accompany soldiers or candidates for this service. Methods: The study used the method of analysis and synthesis of professional literature, the monographic-descriptive method and the analysis of statistical data. Results: The formation of every person requires care on the part of all entities participating in the process of education and upbringing, and especially proper preparation requires service to other people and service to the Homeland. Military service is such a service. The research conducted showed that there is a need to conduct information and formation programs for those who are about to enter military service. Conclusion: Based on the considerations carried out, an attempt can also be made to provide a more specific answer to the question to what extent the preparation for military service meets society's expectations. A modern young man, sensitive and filled with certain ideals, perceives contemporary formations serving the Homeland quite critically. Originality: The formation of a young person, especially in the ethical and moral aspect, is a very important element of preparation for service in society. In times of many turmoil, threats and unrest, there is a need to develop appropriate educational and formation programs. The method of assisting young people who are to play an important role in the country's defense and service remains important. Keyword: youth, homeland, service, soldier, formation, values, spirituality, morality, ethics.

Egypt's Celluloid Closet

This practice research project argues that the representation of gay men in Egyptian cinema not only has been historically problematic but rather regressed considerably over the years. While critically reflecting on twenty feature films as case studies, I demonstrate that depictions of gay characters in Egyptian cinema have overwhelmingly been limited to crude and cruel stereotypes. These stereotypes are often associated with mental illness, being sexually abused at a young age, being influenced heavily by ‘Western decadence’ or a result of lack of self-control or willpower. Furthermore, the documentary argues that censorship plays an important but not a major part in depicting homosexual characters in a more realistic and less stereotypical manner. The filmmakers’ interpretations and cinematic ploys also play a crucial part in the way these characters are portrayed. In interviewing experts, as well as filmmakers of Egyptian cinema, my work reveals how the majority of filmmakers remain complicit with the expectations of Egyptian audiences and society. In addition, in adaptations, particularly films based on novels, filmmakers sometimes intentionally transform homosexual characters by portraying them as ‘deviant’.

Pertanggungjawaban Sosial Akuntansi Biru: Studi Pada Perusahaan Perikanan Go-public Di Indonesia

This phenomenon in Indonesia recognizes the importance of fisheries sector companies for society, which has given rise to opinions regarding the form of social responsibility that fisheries companies in Indonesia must carry out. This responsibility is also stated in point number 12 of the SDGs promoted by the UN regarding sustainable consumption and production patterns. This research aims to identify the components of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in fisheries sector companies, especially in the blue accounting aspect. This research method uses qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The objects used in this research are two fishing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results of this research support legitimacy theory in accordance with the blue accounting practices of both companies which focus on the social contract between the company and society where companies are required to fulfill society's expectations and demands.

Роль современной юридической науки в жизни российского общества

The article makes an attempt to show the role of legal science in the life of Russian society using the example of criminal law science. For this purpose, the state in which criminal law science finds itself is considered. It has been established that legal science is represented by two unequal groups of people: some actually engage in scientific research, others imitate scientific activity. At the same time, publications that are imitative in nature are subject to fair criticism and are considered as a manifestation of a crisis in science. Despite the existence of negative factors, the scientific community directly or indirectly has a positive impact on the life of Russian society. In particular, criminal law science determines the ways of development of criminal legislation that performs protective and regulatory functions, thereby harmonizing conflict relations. The scientific community of law universities and faculties, being part of Russian society, not only produces and reproduces scientific knowledge, but also involves students, graduate students and doctoral students in its development in various forms. A significant role in the development and implementation of scientific knowledge into public practice is played by scientific and qualifying works in criminal law disciplines, including those not free from certain shortcomings. This study shows that the works of criminologists are also of interest among previously convicted persons and repeat offenders. In conclusion, it is concluded that the organization of legal science is far from perfect and requires significant reorganization in order to meet the expectations of society.

False Generosity and the Out-of-School Children Conundrum in Nigeria: Assessing Media Strategies for Promoting Optimal School Enrolment

At the centre of human development is education, which takes diverse forms and is critical during the formative years of the human person. This underscores the essential role that education plays in people’s lives. As a fundamental human right, education occupies the fourth spot in the sustainable development goals, which aim to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education for all and promote lifelong learning opportunities. For decades, governments and multilateral donor agencies have expended resources to meet society's educational expectations. In Nigeria, these efforts have not produced the desired outcomes. With approximately 10.5 million children out of school as of January 2022, Nigeria remains among the nations with the highest rates of out-of-school children. Leveraging a combination of a survey, document analysis, and a critical review of extant literature, this paper argues that the efforts of governments and other multilateral donor agencies to eradicate the challenge of out-of-school children are, at best, false generosity. The study, therefore, re-emphasizes the need for the media to rediscover its social responsibility function and leverage the traditional media of flyers, handbills, posters and community radio in communicating the need for formal education and consequently ebb the tide of out-of-school children in Nigeria.

When perception is reality: examining perceived accessibility of recreational public spaces through social space production

ABSTRACT Social space production theorizes space as a socially constructed phenomenon, comprising of the expectations of society, technical design decisions, and the physical features that result. This theorization of space is especially relevant to recreational public spaces (e.g. parks, playgrounds, community centres) in low-income settings. This is because, the power linkages between technical decisions and neo-capitalist influence, have in some instances, translated to physical features for recreation that do not meet societal expectations or ideals on use. However, recognized opportunities of use (i.e. perceived accessibility) are yet to be examined through the physical, technical, and social facets that collectively guide considerations, as theorized in social space production. Our study hence adopts social space production as a lens to examine perceived accessibility to public recreational spaces in low-income residential contexts. Participatory mapping interviews with resident leads in a low-income residential context in the United States, revealed three thematic considerations. The themes were namely: physical ease of use, planning and design experiences, and social interactions with and within space. Our findings demonstrate that multifaceted considerations, which are pertinent to physical, technical, and social aspects of social space production, are informative to perceived accessibility.

Disasters and gender in Japanese anime films: Makoto Shinkai’s Your Name and Weathering with You

PurposeThis article focuses on the representations of natural hazards, disasters, gender roles and norms in Makoto Shinkai’s disaster-themed anime films Your Name (2016) and Weathering with You (2019).Design/methodology/approachThis article commences with a literature review on disasters, disaster films, gender in disasters and gender in disaster films; then, this article thoroughly investigates the portrayal of disasters and gender in the two films, drawing data from their narratives and plots.FindingsThis article finds that the two films’ depictions of disasters and gender adhere to the traditional patterns observed in Hollywood and Japanese disaster films. The natural hazards and disasters in the two films reflect real-world disasters that occurred in Japan’s recent decades, especially the 3.11 Tohoku earthquake in 2011. Traditional gender figures and prevalent heterosexual expectations in Japanese culture and society deeply influence the two films’ portrayal of gender roles and norms.Originality/valueNumerous academic works explored Hollywood disaster films, their representations of gender roles and norms in disaster themes. However, few focus on recent Japanese anime films such as Your Name and Weathering with You. This article aims to fill this gap.

Genre as an Act of Positioning

This article explores genres as recurrent acts of positioning that contribute to associating particular positions with the genre users as social actors. As an illustration, the study investigates the positioning of Chinese university presidents in their published opening convocation speeches. By combining rhetorical move analysis with the positioning triangle framework, this study demystifies three positions conventionally used by university presidents in the genre: guiding educator, morale builder, and university representative. These positions, legitimized by the role of the university president, establish specific types of social relations between the president and the students, which function as channels for the transmission of values, particularly collective values, to address relevant social expectations in Chinese society. This study suggests that the genre-based positioning analysis can offer valuable genre knowledge to novice practitioners, enabling them to familiarize themselves with adequate positionings that adhere to the code of conduct within a discourse community, thereby facilitating effective genre realization.