Existing Transportation Facilities Research Articles

An environmentally-friendly optimization framework for road pricing and pavement management under public-private-partnership

Vehicular emissions and the unsustainable development of transportation systems have received increasing attention in recent years. On one hand, transportation emissions increase as car ownership increases. On the other hand, construction of the new transportation infrastructure and maintenance of the existing transportation facilities are needed as travel demand increases. Thus there is a growing market for Public-Private Partnership (PPP), which aims to overcome existing deficiencies of traditional approaches while stimulating the sustainable development of transportation systems. This paper proposes an environmentally-friendly multi-objective optimization framework to derive dynamic toll pricing strategies and pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) activities for road networks containing PPP projects. A case study of a road network containing toll and toll-free highways in Florida, United States is used to verify the performance of the proposed approach. The results show that the public and private sectors could coordinate their actions to guarantee profits for the private sector while alleviating negative externalities for society.

Assessment of Public Transport Footway Facilities Bogor District

Along with the increasing need for travel and the high dependence on motorized vehicles, the growth of existing transportation facilities and infrastructure is ultimately unable to accommodate these needs and leads to traffic jams, such as pollution, a decrease in the quality of life of the community and the level of road safety. Studies conducted at stations and Cibinong Terminal to analyze pedestrian characteristics and facilities. The research method used is direct observation and data collection in the field. From the results of the analysis in the direction of jl. Raya Bogor to Pabuaran with a vehicle volume of 2,160 per / hour on Monday afternoons at LOS B, the direction of Bogor to Jakarta with a vehicle volume of 13,390 on Tuesday and Saturday with peak hours in the afternoon, there is LOS E, and in the direction of Ciriung to Cikaret there is LOS B from morning to evening. The number of pedestrians is based on age with the direction of entering and exiting stations, stops and terminals, such as Cibinong Terminal with adult male pedestrians 16-40 years old, with the volume of pedestrians from and to the station. The density occurs on Monday afternoons. Tuesday morning, noon and evening, and Terminal on Wednesday morning. with the results of interviews of respondents who are at the productive age of 18-45 years, with high school / vocational school graduation with an income of 3-6 million and an expense of 1-2 million, the traveling characteristics of most respondents use station facilities, respondents are willing to walk 501-600 m, the level of facility in the respondent's station is quite satisfied, in the terminal the respondent is not satisfied, especially with the safety of pedestrians. Special satisfaction of Taxi / Ojek / delivery users and parking lots, respondents are quite satisfied, especially in the ease of finding a vehicle, the satisfaction of users of public transportation of respondents is quite satisfied, especially in the ease of finding a vehicle. The results of this study are the construction of pedestrian facilities and zebra crossing facilities.

Russian global export flow and potential: evidence from augmented gravity model

PurposeThe Russian export flow is highly concentrated on few trading partners that results in its high vulnerability to external shock. Furthermore, the Russian–Ukraine conflict and corresponding western sanctions has enhanced the need of export markets diversification for Russia. Therefore, this study is a baseline attempt to explore determinants of export flow along with identifying potential export markets. This objective is realized by employing an augmented version of gravity model on export flow of Russian Federation to 108 trading partners from 2000 to 2020.Design/methodology/approachThe augmented gravity model of export flow is estimated by using employing contemporary panel econometrics such as panel generalized ordinary least square estimation technique with cross-sectional weight along with heteroskedasticity consistent white coefficients is employed to explore impact of selected macroeconomic and policy variables. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis is performed by using panel random effect along with the Driscoll–Kraay standard errors with pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and random effect generalized least square (GLS) estimator techniques. The estimated result of panel GLS technique is subjected to in-sampled forecasting technique to explore potential export markets.FindingsThe findings show that an increase in the income of trading partners and enhancement of domestic production capacity has significant positive impact on Russian export flow, whereas geographic distance has a significant negative impact. Income of trading partners emerged as major determinant of export flow with high explanatory power. Among augmented variables, the real exchange rate reveals a significant positive impact of lower intensity, whereas binary variables for the common border, common history and preferential/free trade agreement show a significant positive impact. The finding of export potential reveals a high concentration of export with existence of large potential for exports across the globe. For instance, many developing countries in Asia, Africa and America reveal high potential for Russian exports.Practical implicationsThe findings urge Russian Federation to diversify its export markets by targeting potential export markets. Many emerging developing countries are witnessing a high potential for Russian exports, therefore attempts should be taken to diversify toward them. The expansion of existing transportation facilities along with development of cargo trade can be important policy instrument to realize objective of export diversification.Originality/valueThis study is the first comprehensive analysis that employs augmented gravity model to explore potential export markets for Russian Federation by using panel data of 108 global trading partners from 2000 to 2020. This finding of this study provides a framework of export diversification toward potential markets across the globe.

Density waves in an improved car-following model under intelligent transportation system environment

The intelligent transportation system (ITS) can effectively utilize the existing transportation facilities and improve traffic safety and efficiency. To study and evaluate the dynamic characteristics of traffic flow, a novel car-following model is proposed based on the two-velocity difference model (TVDM) with connected consideration of headway memory and backward looking effect under ITS environment. The linear stability theory is used to acquire the stability condition of the improved model, which shows that the proposed model can effectively strengthen the traffic flow stability. According to the nonlinear theory, the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau (TDGL) equation and modified Korteweg–de Vries (mKdV) equation are obtained to exhibit the evolution characteristics of traffic flow density wave. At last, numerical simulation is performed to further validate that the improved model can enhance the traffic flow stability and eliminate traffic congestion.

Indicators development to support intelligent road infrastructure in urban cities

Transportation systems play a vital role in contributing to the economic growth and social development of urban areas. However, a number of transportation-related issues continue to plague many urban areas. Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) were introduced to solve some of these urban issues by combining advanced technologies and operational management into existing transportation systems; and many researchers and transportation professionals have contributed numerous theoretical and practical solutions toward the evolution of ITS. As transportation agencies continue to invest in existing transportation facilities, an understanding of their current status for ITS needs and the effects of investments made is required for a strategic long-term policy goal for intelligent transportation. This paper presents indicators we found that can be utilized for a consistent ITS development strategy for road appurtenances and operational management to promote intelligent road infrastructure (IRI) in urban cities. We developed these indicators utilizing a text mining technique that generated a total of 23 indicators under the service categories of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Using the indicators enables city officials to establish a consistent strategy in assessing the current status of urban roads and monitor the effects of investments made towards a long-term policy goal for ITS. Another contribution of our indicators is their dedicated use for urban road appurtenances and operational management, differentiating them from other ITS-related indicators. Our indicators can be assimilated easily into the need analysis at city-wide ITS planning programs due to their compatibility and can be extended to future research to develop factors to prioritize ITS needs and decision-making for cost-effective investments.

Real-Time Twitter Data Mining Approach to Infer User Perception Toward Active Mobility

This study evaluates the level of service of shared transportation facilities through mining geotagged data from social media and analyzing the perceptions of road users. An algorithm is developed adopting a text classification approach with contextual understanding to filter out relevant information related to users’ perceptions toward active mobility. Using a heuristic-based keyword matching approach produces about 75% tweets that are out of context, so that approach is deemed unsuitable for information extraction from Twitter. This study implements six different text classification models and compares the performance of these models for tweet classification. The model is applied to real-world data to filter out relevant information, and content analysis is performed to check the distribution of keywords within the filtered data. The text classification model “term frequency-inverse document frequency” vectorizer-based logistic regression model performed best at classifying the tweets. To select the best model, the performances of the models are compared based on precision, recall, F1 score (geometric mean of precision and recall), and accuracy metrics. The findings from the analysis show that the proposed method can help produce more relevant information on walking and biking facilities as well as safety concerns. By analyzing the sentiments of the filtered data, the existing condition of biking and walking facilities in the DC area can be inferred. This method can be a critical part of the decision support system to understand the qualitative level of service of existing transportation facilities.

Utilization of Sea Transportation to Increase the Growth of Tourism Sector

Transportation facilities on land, sea and air play a vital socio-economic role in the for trans-regional distribution and logistics. Distribution of goodsand people will become easier and faster if the existing transportation facilities are functioning properly, allowing for the integration of Indonesia’s far-flung regions. Transportation infrastructure is particularly important to support the country’s burgeoning tourism industry – a vital influence on and contributor to local economies.
 Keywords: Transportation, Tourism, Facilities

Transportation Demand Forecasting System using System Dynamics

The transportation system has a certain capacity. The needs of the transportation system need to be predicted. The predictions made are the basis for providers to prepare existing transportation facilities. Through this paper, we propose a system to predict the capacity requirements of the transportation system using a dynamic systems approach. We use the Stella application as a dynamic system modeling tool. It was found that using the dynamic systems approach, the relationship between variables that form complexity can be modelled.

Evaluation on Optimization of Traffic Organization of Xiangfang Wanda Parking Lot

With the rapid growth of per capita car ownership, urban parking demand has increased sharply, and the contradiction between parking supply and demand has become increasingly prominent. Part of the reason for this problem is that under the conditions of the existing transportation facilities, the functions of parking facilities are not adequate Play. This paper takes the Xiangfang Wanda underground parking lot in Harbin City as the research object. Through questionnaires and observation records, the parking lot is investigated and analyzed. The parking lot is optimized by qualitative and quantitative methods, and finally based on fuzzy synthesis. Evaluation.

Campus shuttle experience and mobility concerns among students with disability in the University of Cape Coast, Ghana

Although Ghana's Persons with Disability Act 715 calls for the provision of an accessible environment, attention paid to the mobility needs of persons with disability has focused on their access to public facilities like libraries and schools without paying attention to the transport environment connecting the homes of commuters to these public facilities. This study was carried out to examine the road transport infrastructure and mobility needs of students with disability at the University of Cape Coast. Participants consisted of 31 people with visual impairment and one wheelchair user who were engaged through snowballing. Also, the Transport Officer and selected shuttle operators were engaged to ascertain transport support services to students. These were reached through purposive and convenient sampling, respectively. Findings from the study indicate that hostile reception from shuttle operators and the absence of disability‐friendly accessories on campus shuttles constitute a major barrier to participants' use of campus shuttles. The study recommends documentation and enforcement of the free shuttle services for students with disability as well as the modification of existing transport facilities.

Modeling the effect of a freeway road construction project on link-level travel times

Drivers experience variations in travel time due to congestion and delays associated with road construction projects on existing transportation facilities. The effect on the travel time of a link decreases as its distance from the road construction project increases. In addition, the effect could extend to the connecting arterial street links within the vicinity of the road construction project. Therefore, the focus of this research is to model the effect of a road construction project on the freeway and connecting arterial street link-level travel times. Data pertaining to a resurfacing construction project, which lasted for six months, was gathered from the traffic incident management systems (TIMS). The travel time data was collected and processed, for each selected freeway and connecting arterial street link, for six months before the start of the resurfacing construction project and six months during the construction of the resurfacing project. Generalized linear models (GLM) were developed and validated for before and during the construction project periods with the average travel time on a link as the dependent variable. Data such as time-of-the-day, day-of-the-week, the distance of a link from the work zone, subject link characteristics, and upstream and downstream link characteristics were collected and used as the predictor variables. The results indicate that the subject link, upstream link and downstream link characteristics have a significant effect on the freeway and connecting arterial street link-level travel times due to the resurfacing construction project. • Observed travel times are significantly different from estimates obtained using the BPR equation. • Travel times decreased on the freeway links during the construction project period. • Travel times increased on the connecting arterial street links during the construction project period. • Upstream and downstream link characteristics should be considered to examine the effects along with V/C and speed limit.

Traffic Impact Analysis for Proposed Construction in Warangal City

Traffic congestion is reaching intolerable levels in many cities in both developed and developing countries. New building developments are cited as one of the major causes of congestion in the cities. The uncontrolled growth of these developments adversely affects the quality of life and aggravates environmental and safety problems. Generally, it is seen that the new constructions are initiated and developed without giving due consideration to the ability of the existing transportation facilities to handle the additional traffic. Though the demand and supply characteristics of a transportation system must complement each other, it is not practically feasible to increase the supply infinitely to meet the demand. Hence, it is evident that Traffic Impact Analysis plays an important role in managing and reducing the uncontrolled development and its negative impacts on transportation system, environment and economy. A traffic impact analysis is an engineering study which assesses the adequacy of the existing or future transportation infrastructure to accommodate additional trips generated by a proposed development, redevelopment or land rezoning. The purpose of a traffic impact analysis review is to assess potential traffic impacts, identify acceptable mitigation strategic plan for the transportation requirement of future development, and maintain a balance between land use and quality of transportation services. An attempt has been made in this study to carry out traffic impact analysis for a proposed development in Warangal city. In this work, trip rate for the proposed development is computed on the basis of trip rates of similar existing developments. Combined Trip distribution and Assignment has been carried out using Traffic count based distribution model. Future condition Analysis has been done and appropriate mitigation measures are suggested.

Optimization of High-Speed Railway Station Location Selection Based on Accessibility and Environmental Impact

High-speed railway (HSR) planners aim to select locations that optimize the overall utility or benefit of HSR stations by satisfying various desirable requirements. Among other factors, accessibility and environmental impact are important considerations for selecting a location for an HSR station. The desirable requirements of these two factors include improved access to, and intermodal integration with, existing transportation facilities and services (like airports, train stations, and bus stops); avoidance of environmentally sensitive areas (such as water bodies, wetlands, and forest) and land with higher right-of-way costs; and accommodation of strategic necessities (for example, proximity to city centers and socioeconomic development hubs). We quantify the overall utility of an HSR station by analyzing the extent to which a location satisfies these desirable requirements. For this, suitable utility functions were developed and evaluated. To obtain individual utility scores, we assigned appropriate weights based on relative importance. We then estimated the overall utility of a location as the weighted summation of these utility scores. A GIS-based analytical framework was specifically developed for geo-processing, mapping, and visualization of the geospatial data analysis and result representation. This utility-based quantification and identification process would be useful to planners in assessing an area and determining the most suitable station locations for an HSR project. The proposed model was used to identify the potential station locations along the Mumbai-Ahmedabad HSR corridor in India and to compare the obtained results with the planned locations of the project.

Active travel, public transportation use, and daily transport among older adults: The association of built environment

Abstract Objectives To examine active travel and public transportation use among U.S. older adults and the built environment characteristics associated with them. Methods Total active travel, public transportation trips, travel purpose diversity, total and maximum distance traveled for older adults (>= 65 years) relative to middle age adults (45–64 years) as reported in the 2009 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) were compared using linear regression models and logistic regression models. Results Overall, adults over 65 years of age had 3.3 trips and total travel distance of 20.6 miles per day. Active travel and daily transport trips declined from younger to older age groups. Among the older adults, the daily transport varied by a number of characteristics. The association of built environment on older adults’ transport differed by the specific environmental characteristics and travel modes. Discussion Existing transportation facilities and policies need to be adjusted to meet the challenge. Our study has a potential to contribute to the design of effective interventions that enhance health and quality of life for the burgeoning aging population in the U.S.

The study of strength of corrugated metal structures of railroad tracks

The analysis of the main defects of metal corrugated culverts of the railway, which arise as a result of operation, was conducted, and the problems of providing their durability and strength were highlighted. The problems of adaptation of foreign regulations for designing metal corrugated structures at Ukrainian railways and motor roads were analyzed, the results of experimental and theoretical calculations of bearing capacity of metal corrugated structures were presented. The MCS strength at boundary loading with the railway rolling stock was analyzed by the indicator of influence of corrugation (corrugation dimensions) and the characteristics of soils on their stressed–strained state. Calculation of equivalent forces was performed by the procedure of calculation of railway strength and stability using the finite-element method. The numerical calculation of the stressed–strained state of the MCS was obtained using the licensed software FEMAP with MSC NASTRAN. An analysis of multi-choice calculations of the strength of MCS, made of corrugated structure Multiplate MR150 with thickness of a corrugated sheet of 6 mm, with dimensions of corrugation waves of 150x50 mm, showed that its bearing capacity is provided at degrees of compaction of soil backfill from 0.9 to 1.0. Based on the obtained data, it was found that the direct cause of occurrence of residual deformation of metal corrugated pipe may be an increase in stresses in metal sheets of the pipe up to the values that exceed permissible stresses and as a result of local initiation of a plastic hinge. The condition of initiation of a plastic hinge, which takes place in the MCS arch, holds only if there is adverse simultaneous influence of two factors (causes): letting inequalities develop beyond permissible values without taking measures for its elimination and a decrease in the degree of compaction of backfill soil below 90 % (the second cause). In the absence of one of the causes, a plastic hinge might not emerge. In the joint effect of both causes, the first cause, the impact share of which is 42 %, prevails, whereas the share of the second cause is 22 %. The obtained results of the MCS bearing capacity are needed for optimal MCS designing, establishing causes of defect emergence, timely making relevant engineering decisions in order to increase the MCS bearing capacity and reasonable use of funds for the construction or reconstruction of existing transport facilities with the use of metal corrugated pipes. The results of the study may be used by engineers of Bridge testing stations of Ukrrailway and Ukravtodor and by designing organisations involved in designing metal corrugated structures of large diameters.

Research and analysis of the stressed-strained state of metal corrugated structures of railroad tracks

We conducted research into, and analysis of, bearing capacity of metal corrugated structures (MCS), which are in service in the railroads of Ukraine. To assess the stressed-strained state of MCS, a calculation was carried out of equivalent forces that arise from the rolling stock when there is an irregularity in a railroad track, formed in the course of using a pipe. We ran analysis of the MCS bearing capacity at boundary load from the rolling stock of railroads by the indicator of influence of the type of corrugation (corrugattion dimensions) and characteristics of soils on their stressed-strained state. A calculation of equivalent forces was conducted by the method of calculation of a railroad track by strength and stability. A mathematical algorithm was programmed by the Peterson method to calculate the stressed-strained state of MCS. An analysis of multi-choice calculations of the MCS strength, which is made from the corrugated structure Multiplate MR150 with thickness of corrugated sheet 6 mm and dimensions of the corrugation waves 150 × 50 mm and 380 × 140 mm, demonstrated that its bearing capacity is provided. The degrees of compaction of the soil backfill are from 0.9 to 1.0. A metal corrugated structure that is made from corrugated sheets of size 200 × 55 mm, at the degree of compaction of the soil backfill 0.9, there occur stresses that exceed the permissible. Further accumulation of residual stresses from the action of dynamic wheel load, taking into account time parameter, may affect the occurrence of fluidity of material of a metal pipe. This may lead to the formation of its plastic irreversible deformations. Results of the MCS bearing capacity that we received are necessary for the optimal design of MCS, to establish the causes of occurrence of defects, to make timely relevant engineering decisions to increase bearing capacity of MCS and substantiate reasonable use of funds for the construction or renovation of existing transport facilities using metal corrugated pipes. These studies may be used by engineers at the bridge-testing stations of Ukrainian Railroads and Ukravtodor and by design organisations engaged in the design of metal corrugated structures of large diameters.

Special issue: Smart transportation: Theory and practice

Special issue: Smart transportation: Theory and practice

THE EFFECT OF CORRUGATED ELEMENTS THICKNESS ON THE DEFLECTED MODE OF CORRUGATED METAL STRUCTURES

Purpose. The work provides research the deflected mode and calculation the relative deformation of vertical and horizontal diameters of corrugated metal structures (CMS), horizontal ellipse type, and cross section in their interaction with soil backfill depending on the thickness of corrugated metal pipe. Such studies are required for optimal design of CMS, establishing the causes of defects timely, appropriate engineering solutions to improve the bearing capacity of the CMS and reasonable use of funds for their construction or rehabilitation of existing transportation facilities using corrugated metal pipes. Methodology. Stresses and stability calculations of CMS form are conducted using the developed mathematical algorithm in program environment Mathcad 14. In these studies different thickness of corrugated metal pipe were assigned, and further calculations were carried out at the design value of backfill soil compaction degree and magnitude of dynamic loading of railway transport. Findings. From the calculations is determined that the most influence the thickness of the corrugated metal pipe has on the strength in the calculation of the normal stresses and value of the vertical pipe strains. Therefore, the calculated parameters in the design of corrugated metal structures with small filling heights (from 1.2 m to 3 m) above its peak is calculation of the strength by the normal stresses and determination of the vertical deformation of the pipe. Originality. For the first time, calculations of the deflected mode and relative deformations of vertical and horizontal cross-sectional diameters of CMS, horizontal ellipse type in the interaction with soil backfill. The factors complex was taken into account the backfill soil compaction degree, the value of dynamic loading of railway transport and different thickness of corrugated metal pipe. Practical value. The results of the deflected mode of corrugated metal structures such as horizontal ellipse of cross sections can be used by engineers in the bridge probation stations of Railways of Ukraine and Ukravtodor, in the project organizations involved in the design of corrugated metal structures.

Reasons and Countermeasures of Traffic Congestion under Urban Land Redevelopment

Urban land redevelopment which is a reconstruction on a previously developed area with existing transportation facilities is an important component of city evolution. While improving land use efficiency, it can bring negative impact to transportation system, such as causing traffic congestion. Especially in China, there are many examples about redevelopment projects causing traffic congestion. For a better guidance of land redevelopment of China, it is necessary to find the reason caused traffic congestion after urban land redevelopment and provide some corresponding countermeasures. The objective of this study is not only to attract attention to the transportation during urban land redevelopment planning and management, but also to provide a way to reduce traffic congestion. In this paper, we first analyzed why traffic congestion happened after urban land redevelopment through some classical examples. We didn’t stop at the apparent reason, but do deep analysis. As a result, we uncovered the traffic congestion after redevelopment is due to inappropriate land use and transportation facilities under redevelopment, but the real cause is originated from urban and transportation planning and management. Consequently, we offered some corresponding countermeasures from three aspects: (1) before development, ingrate urban land and transportation and do a rational planning to avoid inappropriate redevelopment planning; (2) during development, improve and strengthen management and control to ensure that the redevelopment project are proper; (3) after redevelopment, implement traffic congestion management of both traffic supply and demand to relief traffic congestion.

The Application of Association Rules Mining in Building Intelligent Transportation Systems

Association rules are an important research topic in data mining research. The association rule describes a meaningful link between a given data set. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is the future direction of development of the transport system, and its advanced information technology, data communication transmission technology, the electronic sensor technology, control technology and computer technology. ITS can effectively use existing transportation facilities, reduce traffic load and environmental pollution, to ensure traffic safety, improve transport efficiency. The paper presents building the intelligent transportation system based on association rule mining and models. The comparative analysis of the results shows that the FP-growth is higher operating efficiency than the Unid_FP-Max.