Existing Management Frameworks Research Articles

Implementation of Islamic Human Resource Management Policy in Improving Employee Job Satisfaction: Literature Review Study

This research investigates Islam-based Human Resource Management (HRM) and its impact on employee job satisfaction. Through a systematic analysis of various literatures, this study explores the concepts, principles, and applications of Islamic-based HRM, as well as the challenges associated with its implementation. Findings from the literature suggest that Islam-based HRM has the potential to create a more just, empathetic, and Islamic values-oriented work environment. However, challenges such as integration of Islamic principles into existing management frameworks, understanding and acceptance of Islamic-based HRM among leaders and employees, and potential conflicts between Islamic principles and prevailing regulations were also identified. Nonetheless, with deep understanding and strong commitment, organizations can overcome these challenges and reap great benefits from the implementation of Islamic HRM. This research provides a solid foundation for further developments in the field of Islamic HRM and highlights the great potential it has in creating a better and more sustainable work environment.

Leaving seafood on the table: Pilot pathways a missed opportunity for U.S. mariculture

Marine aquaculture in the United States has faced substantial development hurdles that have limited the industry’s contributions to the nation’s domestic seafood supply. Federal attempts to address these impediments to industry growth have not fully resolved these hurdles, leaving much of the onus of development on individual states. Because changes in policies, regulation, and legislation to better enable marine aquaculture development take extensive effort and time, targeted strategies that work within existing management frameworks can and should be utilized to address development challenges at a smaller scale while waiting on larger institutional shifts. Here, we make the case specifically for state authorization of pilot farming schemes, an approach that allows for the trialing of marine aquaculture operations within a limited spatial and temporal scope. While we argue that pilot frameworks can improve the economic, operational, and ecological feasibility of marine aquaculture, we also posit that they can support diversification across the industry, from participants to culture methods, bolstering industry resiliency.

Framework for fostering just and equitable seagrass policy, management, and social-ecological outcomes: Lessons learned from Belizean marine resource managers

Seagrass beds have historically received little to no management attention, contributing to significant declines in their extent globally. Recently, seagrass beds, and other blue carbon ecosystems, have gained greater management attention due to their potentially critical role in climate mitigation. Therefore, some countries, such as Belize in 2021, have included blue carbon ecosystems within their Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). To date, no specific regulations exist to manage seagrass beds in Belize; however, there is a plan to develop a national seagrass policy. In support of this effort and to gain a better understanding of institutions' current knowledge and perceptions regarding seagrass beds and their management, as well their experiences with community engagement, we conducted interviews with six Belizean management institutions (two government departments, four non-government organizations) involved in marine resource management. Respondents perceived seagrass beds as important, identifying climate mitigation and fisheries as critical ecosystem services. They saw the importance of managing and protecting seagrass beds, and identified several direct (e.g., dredging) and indirect (e.g., land-based pollution) threats. Also highlighted were several management challenges, with governance structure identified as a major one; seagrass beds can fall under the purview of several government departments, which has jurisdictional implications. Interviewees discussed challenges and opportunities regarding community engagement, and they desired greater community inclusion within marine resource management at planning and implementation phases. Based on these findings, we build on existing management frameworks to present one that can foster just and equitable seagrass policy, management, and social-ecological outcomes.

It is past time to use ecosystem models tactically to support ecosystem‐based fisheries management: Case studies using Ecopath with Ecosim in an operational management context

AbstractThe implementation of ecosystem management requires ecosystem modelling within the context of a natural resource management process. Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) is the most widely used modelling platform for investigating the dynamics of marine ecosystems, but has played a limited role in fisheries management and in multi‐sector resource decision‐making. We review 10 case studies that demonstrate the use of EwE to support operational resource management. EwE models are being used to inform tactical decision‐making in fisheries and other ocean use sectors, as well as to identify key trade‐offs, develop appropriate policy objectives, and reconcile conflicting legislative mandates in a variety of ecosystems. We suggest the following criteria to enhance the use of EwE and other ecosystem models in operational resource management: (1) a clear management objective that can be addressed through modelling; (2) an important trade‐off and a receptive policy context amenable to trade‐off evaluation; (3) an accessible and well‐documented model that follows best practices; (4) early and iterative engagement among scientists, stakeholders, and managers; (5) integration within a collaborative management process; (6) a multi‐model approach; and (7) a rigorous review process. Our review suggests that existing management frameworks are as much or more of a limitation to the operational use of EwE than technical issues related to data availability and model uncertainty. Ecosystem models are increasingly needed to facilitate more effective and transparent decision‐making. We assert that the requisite conditions currently exist for enhanced strategic and tactical use of EwE to support fisheries and natural resource management.

An Attachment-Based Management Framework of Destination Attributes: Drawing on the Appraisal Theories of Emotion

A management framework for destination attributes is critical for the reasonable allocation of resources. However, existing management frameworks for destination attributes estimate the management value of attributes by calculating their contribution to cognitive satisfaction, which deviates from the “cognition-affection” relationship in psychology. In this scenario, destination attachment is an important concept reflecting the emotional values of attributes. This study proposes an attachment-based management framework for destination attributes based on the appraisal theories of emotion in the context of the progressive development of Hangzhou, China, as a typical mature destination. A networking method is applied to develop the management framework. This is the first study to establish an emotion-based management framework for destination attributes from a psychological perspective. Implications regarding the framework development method and destination attribute management are also provided.

Managing fisheries for maximum nutrient yield.

Wild‐caught fish are a bioavailable source of nutritious food that, if managed strategically, could enhance diet quality for billions of people. However, optimising nutrient production from the sea has not been a priority, hindering development of nutrition‐sensitive policies. With fisheries management increasingly effective at rebuilding stocks and regulating sustainable fishing, we can now begin to integrate nutritional outcomes within existing management frameworks. Here, we develop a conceptual foundation for managing fisheries for multispecies Maximum Nutrient Yield (mMNY). We empirically test our approach using size‐based models of North Sea and Baltic Sea fisheries and show that mMNY is predicted by the relative contribution of nutritious species to total catch and their vulnerability to fishing, leading to trade‐offs between catch and specific nutrients. Simulated nutrient yield curves suggest that vitamin D, which is deficient in Northern European diets, was underfished at fishing levels that returned maximum catch weights. Analysis of global catch data shows there is scope for nutrient yields from most of the world's marine fisheries to be enhanced through nutrient‐sensitive fisheries management. With nutrient composition data now widely available, we expect our mMNY framework to motivate development of nutrient‐based reference points in specific contexts, such as data‐limited fisheries. Managing for mMNY alongside policies that promote access to fish could help close nutrient gaps for coastal populations, maximising the contribution of wild‐caught fish to global food and nutrition security.

Evidence of an Archetypal Management Framework: An Exploratory Examination of Commonality Among Existing Management Frameworks and Resulting Efficacy

The burgeoning management science fields have produced and continue to produce vast quantities of advice, frameworks, and checklists for owners, leaders, and managers. Systems scientists have long proposed that systems, both natural and human-made, significantly drive individual behavior within the system and exhibit repeating structures and patterns known as archetypes. Systems do so because the archetypal patterns are fundamental to the system’s dynamics. Enterprises represent a specific class of socio-technical systems, which have been studied using management and social science disciplines. Evidence is emerging that the proliferation of management science may be overwhelming, that the advice is not sufficiently integrated, and only addresses discrete parts of the enterprise, not the whole enterprise system. One would expect to find evidence of repeating patterns in the general class of socio-technical systems known as enterprises. This article is an exploratory analysis of existing management frameworks and researches the evidence for an archetypal construct that may be beneficial to small, and large, business managers. The author presents evidence of such an archetype, thereby building on general management theory that is helpful in assisting management thought in complex environments. Finally, the author proposes a framework for management based on the findings. Using the common elements of the proposed framework, owners and senior managers were surveyed to determine whether using such an archetype as a system and in a systematic way enhanced enterprise performance. Implications for owners, managers, board members, and academics are discussed.

Integrating Place Attachment into Management Frameworks: Exploring Place Attachment Across the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum

The importance of place in landscape management and outdoor recreation has been prominent in the literature since the 1970s. As such, calls to incorporate place into the management of parks, forests, and other protected areas exist. However, little work explores how place attachment may complement existing management frameworks. Hence, the purpose of this investigation was to explore levels of visitors’ place attachment intensity across the six classes of the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS). Survey data collected in North America and Europe indicated there was more similarity in place attachment intensities among areas classified toward the less developed end of the ROS, while greater variation existed among the more developed sites. Observing place attachment across all six ROS classes allowed for a deeper understanding of the correlation between place and the management framework.

Care trajectory management: A conceptual framework for formalizing emergent organisation in nursing practice

AimTo offer a new conceptual framework for formalizing nurses’ work in managing emergent organisation in health and social care.BackgroundMuch health and social care requires continuous oversight and adjustments in response to contingencies. Nurses have an important role in managing these relationships.EvaluationA longstanding programme of research on the social organisation of health and social care work provided the foundations for the article.Key issueNurses’ work in managing emergent organisation may be conceptualized as care trajectory management and factors contributing to trajectory complexity are explored.ConclusionsCare trajectory management is essential for the quality and safety of health and social care but poorly served by existing management frameworks.Implications for Nursing ManagementCare trajectory management offers a conceptual framework for the development of new management structures to support an important but poorly supported element of nursing practice.

Establishing microbial baselines to identify indicators of coral reef health

Microorganisms make a significant contribution to reef ecosystem health and resilience via their critical role in mediating nutrient transformations, their interactions with macro-organisms and their provision of chemical cues that underpin the recruitment of diverse reef taxa. However, environmental changes often cause compositional and functional shifts in microbial communities that can have flow-on consequences for microbial-mediated processes. These microbial alterations may impact the health of specific host organisms and can have repercussions for the functioning of entire coral ecosystems. Assessing changes in reef microbial communities should therefore provide an early indicator of ecosystem impacts and would underpin the development of diagnostic tools that could help forecast shifts in coral reef health under different environmental states. Monitoring, management and active restoration efforts have recently intensified and diversified in response to global declines in coral reef health. Here we propose that regular monitoring of coral reef microorganisms could provide a rapid and sensitive platform for identifying declining ecosystem health that can complement existing management frameworks. By summarising the most common threats to coral reefs, with a particular focus on the Great Barrier Reef, and elaborating on the role of microbes in coral reef health and ecosystem stability, we highlight the diagnostic applicability of microbes in reef management programs. Fundamental to this objective is the establishment of microbial baselines for Australia's coral reefs.

Social, economic and environmental effects of closing commercial fisheries to enhance recreational fishing

Recreational fishing mortality can have a major impact on coastal fish populations, bringing recreational fishers into conflict with commercial fisheries. This article reviews exclusion zones for commercial fishing, or ‘recreational fishing areas’ as a solution to the conflict between commercial and recreational fisheries. Recently designated recreational fishing areas in the state of Queensland, Australia are examined as a case-study. The goal of recreational fishing areas is to enhance recreational fishing and provide economic opportunities through charter fishing. However, recently designated recreational fishing areas in Queensland have not been thoroughly assessed for their social, economic and environmental impacts and they are not integrated within existing management frameworks for fisheries. The designation of recreational fishing areas is thus a shift away from evidence-based management in Queensland's fisheries and has likely occurred solely for political reasons – there are more voters in the recreational fishery than commercial fishery. In Queensland, excluding commercial fishing on its own is unlikely to result in long-term benefits to recreational fisheries because recreational harvest is a major component of fish harvest for some key species and there is no legislated limit to recreational harvest. Current political attention on recreational fishing areas provides an opportunity for fisheries managers, politicians, conservation groups and the public to discuss what is needed to manage sustainable coastal fisheries. In particular, recreational fishing areas need to be combined with efforts to enhance stewardship among recreational fishers if they are to be successful in the long-term.

How to make the whole organization “Agile”

Purpose Agile is the umbrella term for a family of management practices, which include Scrum, Kanban, and Lean. To investigate Agile management as it was being practiced in large firms, in 2015 Scrum Alliance, whose mission is “to transform the world of work,” launched a Learning Consortium for the Creative Economy (LC), composed of a group of firms that included Microsoft, Ericsson, Magna International, Riot Games and others. Design/methodology/approach The group conducted site visits to learn from each other’s experiences with Agile. The questions to be explored included: To what extent are Agile management practices in fact occurring at scale in old and new firms? How effective are these management practices? Is it possible for the whole firm, particularly older firms with entrenched bureaucratic cultures, to become Agile? Findings The LC found that Agile management is already taking hold in large-scale implementations in both new and old firms. The LC observed that some firms were implementing Agile for large-scale, complex business challenges in areas beyond software, including operations where reliability is an issue. Practical implications Agile was seen as a different way of understanding and acting in the world. The successful firms were “being Agile,” not merely “doing Agile” within their existing management framework. Originality/value In the world of Agile management, delivering value to customers is the goal of every individual in the organization. Profits are seen as the result, not the goal. The Learning consortium sites visit offer managers an opportunity to study this philosophy in practice.

Upgrading Marine Ecosystem Restoration Using Ecological-Social Concepts.

Conservation and environmental management are principal countermeasures to the degradation of marine ecosystems and their services. However, in many cases, current practices are insufficient to reverse ecosystem declines. We suggest that restoration ecology, the science underlying the concepts and tools needed to restore ecosystems, must be recognized as an integral element for marine conservation and environmental management. Marine restoration ecology is a young scientific discipline, often with gaps between its application and the supporting science. Bridging these gaps is essential to using restoration as an effective management tool and reversing the decline of marine ecosystems and their services. Ecological restoration should address objectives that include improved ecosystem services, and it therefore should encompass social–ecological elements rather than focusing solely on ecological parameters. We recommend using existing management frameworks to identify clear restoration targets, to apply quantitative tools for assessment, and to make the re-establishment of ecosystem services a criterion for success.

Migratory marine species: their status, threats and conservation management needs

ABSTRACTMigratory marine species (MMS) include many of the world's most charismatic organisms such as marine mammals, seabirds, turtles, sharks, and tuna. Many are now among the most threatened due to the diverse range of pressures they encounter during their extensive movements. This paper shows that 21% of MMS are classified as threatened (i.e. categorized as Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable). Sea turtles are the most threatened group (85%), followed by seabirds (27%), cartilaginous fish (26%), marine mammals (15%) and bony fish (11%). Taken together 48% of MMS are threatened, Near Threatened or Data Deficient.As well as being threatened they share in common being wide‐ranging animals, travelling through the waters of multiple nations as well as in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ) during different times of the year. This makes their conservation a challenge, requiring coordinated action by many nations, international organizations, Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) and other stakeholders if their populations are to recover to healthy levels and be safeguarded into the future.Even though they are wide‐ranging, long‐term studies reveal considerable site fidelity and well‐defined habitats for many species and areas. These sites are prime candidates for enhanced management such as via Marine Protect Area (MPA) designations. However, existing management frameworks do not yet contribute sufficiently to MMS conservation, MPA networks need to be expanded to capture key areas, in many cases through the application of new dynamic management techniques such as time area closures.Data on the distribution, abundance, behaviours and threats faced by many MMS are now available. These data should be used to inform the design of effective management regimes, such as MPAs, both within and beyond national jurisdictions. MEAs should ensure a full complement of MMS are included within species listings, and encourage further action to safeguard their populations.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Cost optimization of a real-time GIS-based management system for hazardous waste transportation

In this paper, the design and cost analysis of a real-time, geographical information system (GIS) based management system for hazardous waste transportation are described. The implementation of such a system can effectively prevent illegal dumping and perform emergency responses during the transportation of hazardous wastes. A case study was conducted in Guangzhou, China to build a small-scale, real-time management system for waste transportation. Two alternatives were evaluated in terms of system capability and cost structure. Alternative I was the building of a complete real-time monitoring and management system in a governing agency; whereas alternative II was the combination of the existing management framework with a commercial Telematics service to achieve the desired level of monitoring and management. The technological framework under consideration included locating transportation vehicles using a global positioning system (GPS), exchanging vehicle location data via the Internet and Intranet, managing hazardous waste transportation using a government management system and responding to emergencies during transportation. Analysis of the cost structure showed that alternative II lowered the capital and operation cost by 38 and 56% in comparison with alternative I. It is demonstrated that efficient management can be achieved through integration of the existing technological components with additional cost benefits being achieved by streamlined software interfacing.

Assessment of recreation activity and its application to integrated management and spatial planning for Cork Harbour, Ireland

Abstract The coastal environment is commonly the location for multiple human activities, of which recreation is just one. The coastal and marine sector has experienced nascent growth and this trend is likely to continue into the foreseeable future; the projected growth of the sector will impact coastal and marine resources, whilst also placing demands on those tasked with planning and managing the coastal environment. In Ireland, this presents particular challenges for coastal local authorities, as the principal planning consent body. In order to address these emerging challenges an innovative working partnership was developed between the research community and local authority to examine marine recreation in Cork Harbour, situated on the southern coast of Ireland. A programme of work was devised to identify data gaps in terms of: baseline information; user attitudes and perceptions towards existing management framework and facilities for recreation; interactions between different user groups; and, spatial distribution of recreational activities. The results of the assessment provided an improved understanding of the current coastal recreational situation, have value as input to spatial planning and contribute to the development of an integrated management plan for Cork Harbour.

Climate Warming, Marine Protected Areas and the Ocean-Scale Integrity of Coral Reef Ecosystems

Coral reefs have emerged as one of the ecosystems most vulnerable to climate variation and change. While the contribution of a warming climate to the loss of live coral cover has been well documented across large spatial and temporal scales, the associated effects on fish have not. Here, we respond to recent and repeated calls to assess the importance of local management in conserving coral reefs in the context of global climate change. Such information is important, as coral reef fish assemblages are the most species dense vertebrate communities on earth, contributing critical ecosystem functions and providing crucial ecosystem services to human societies in tropical countries. Our assessment of the impacts of the 1998 mass bleaching event on coral cover, reef structural complexity, and reef associated fishes spans 7 countries, 66 sites and 26 degrees of latitude in the Indian Ocean. Using Bayesian meta-analysis we show that changes in the size structure, diversity and trophic composition of the reef fish community have followed coral declines. Although the ocean scale integrity of these coral reef ecosystems has been lost, it is positive to see the effects are spatially variable at multiple scales, with impacts and vulnerability affected by geography but not management regime. Existing no-take marine protected areas still support high biomass of fish, however they had no positive affect on the ecosystem response to large-scale disturbance. This suggests a need for future conservation and management efforts to identify and protect regional refugia, which should be integrated into existing management frameworks and combined with policies to improve system-wide resilience to climate variation and change.

Implications of New Radiobiological Insights for the Long Term Management of High Level Radioactive Waste

The IAEA has laid down nine principles of radioactive waste management [1], the first of which covers the protection of human health and demands that radioactive waste will be managed in such a way as to provide an acceptable level of protection. The fourth principle demands that future generations are protected in terms of the level of predicted impacts at the same level of protection as applies today. Recent developments in the understanding of the effects of ionising radiation, particularly at low doses and especially for some of the radiation qualities that characterise long lived components of radioactive waste, suggest that there may have been an underestimation of the predicted impact on health of future generations should radioactive waste products reach the biosphere. This could undermine the existing management framework upon which radiological protection is based and may lead to violation of the fourth principle. This paper addresses, from an “in principle” perspective, the issues that new radiobiological evidence and recent developments in biology and genetics have raised in the context of determining radiological risk from internal contamination. Special emphasis is placed on radiation qualities, low energy beta particles, Auger electrons and alpha particles, which characterise the nuclides that are associated with long-lived radioactive decay processes. While absorbed tissue dose remains a guide to one aspect of the risks incurred by exposure (called herein type A risk), evidence is accumulating that other cellular processes may contribute to additional risk (type B risk). These processes are the induction of genomic instability and the bystander effect. Risk assessment in these cases cannot readily and convincingly be based on absorbed tissue dose and require addressing at the levels of the individual cell and the specific track structural features of the different radiation qualities. A potential framework for assessing type B risk is proposed. It is concluded that there is no basis to assume other than that the linear no threshold (LNT) hypothesis will apply to risks (types A and B) from exposure to environmental radioactivity deriving from leakage of buried radioactive wastes.

Managing the Australian Government’s Intellectual Property

The Auditor-General’s performance audit report entitled Intellectual Property Policies and Practices in Commonwealth Agencies is the first dedicated audit of the Australian government’s intellectual property policies and management practices. This article argues that, in conducting the performance audit, the Auditor-General failed to properly consider the management and accrual budgeting frameworks applying to parts of the Australian government under the financial framework set out in the Financial Management and Accountability Act 1997 (Cth). The article concludes that the proper place for the Australian government’s intellectual property policy and practice to be addressed is through the existing management framework, with the Chief Executive Instructions setting out the detailed policies and practices, and the existing accrual budgeting framework, where the Finance Minister’s Orders already require the identifying, recording and valuing of intellectual property.

THE SHUBENACADIE-STEWIACKE RIVER BASIN STUDY

The Shubenacadie-Stewiacke River Basin Study was initiated in 1976 to develop a comprehensive framework for managing the Basin’s water resources during a period of projected rapid economic growth. The responsibility for the Study rested with a Board of officials appointed by the Canada and Nova Scotia Ministers of the Environment. The Board concluded that the existing management framework was not adequate to promote the resolution of water quality problems arising from the cumulative effect of numerous small, disparate economic activities. It, therefore, recommended a number of institutional changes which would remedy this deficiency as well as improve cooperation among a variety of government agencies in different levels of government. A review of the Study program, including the procedural as well as the substantive aspects, suggests that there is a need for a better understanding of the social, economic and institutional aspects of water resource management than that which currently exists. The establishment of a Water Resource Management Centre at a Nova Scotia University could serve as a mechanism to address these deficiencies as well as other water management issues that are indigenous to this part of Canada.