Exertion Of Influence Research Articles

The synergistic interaction landscape of chromatin regulators reveals their epigenetic regulation mechanisms across five cancer cell lines

Chromatin regulators (CRs) regulate the gene transcription process through combinatorial patterns, which currently remain obscure for pan-cancer. This study identified the interaction of CRs and constructed CR-CR interaction networks across five tumor cell lines. The global interaction analysis revealed that CRs tend to function in synergistically. In addition, common and specific CRs in interaction networks were identified, and the epigenetic processes of these CRs in regulating gene transcription were analyzed. Common CRs have conserved binding sites but cooperate with different partners in multiple tumor cell lines. They also participate in gene transcription regulation, through mediation of different histone modifications (HMs). Specific CRs, ATF2 and PRDM10 were found to distinguish liver cancer samples with different prognosis. PRDM10 participates in gene transcription regulation, by exertion of influence on the DNA methylation level of liver cancer. Through analysis of the edges in the CR-CR interaction networks, it was found EP300-TAF1 has genome-wide distinct signaling patterns, which exhibit different effects on downstream targets. This analysis provides novel insights for the understanding of synergistic mechanism of CRs function, as controllers of gene transcription across cancer types.

The fragility of curating a pioneer community: Deep mediatization and the spread of the Quantified Self and Maker movements

The aim of this article is to reconstruct the ways in which the organizational elites of the Quantified Self and Maker movements curate their respective pioneer communities. Based on a media ethnography carried out in Germany, the UK, and the USA it is demonstrated that the two movements adopt different curatorial models: curation through the use of an ‘unenforced trademark’ in the case of the Quantified Self movement and curation through ‘franchising’ in the case of the Maker movement. The fragility of both models is not necessarily a disadvantage to either and it has contributed to the rapid global spread of both communities. An analysis of these curatorial practices demonstrates that while these communities like to present themselves as having emerged from local groupings, rising ‘from below’, they are, in fact, figurations whose origin and overall exertion of influence can be traced back to Silicon Valley and the Whole Earth Network.

Dynamic Rivalry of Institutional Logics in a Cross-Sector Social Partnership

This study examines how institutional logics interplay in a cross-sector social partnership dealing with refugee-integration in a rural district of Germany. In an inductive 15-month case study that dew on interviews, observations, and triangulated quantitative user data, we examined how multiple sectors collaborated and observed the dynamic enactment of institutional logics in day-by-day practices and an increasing contradiction of altruistic and market-based institutional logics. We also show the influence of exogenous events, political exertion of influence and the power of the media on the enactment of institutional logics. In addition, our study is one of the few existing studies that focus on a partnership promoted by the public sector. By unfolding the complexity of refugee-integration – one of the present global Grand Challenges – we deepen the present understanding of specific challenges involved in cross-sector partnerships.

A Proposal in Equity: The Marriage of Undue Influence with Unconscionable Dealing?

The equitable doctrines of undue influence and unconscionable dealing have hitherto been recognized as two independent doctrines in Australian law. Both serve to safeguard the interests of persons afflicted with legal disabilities and relieve them of legal transactions that are repugnant in the eyes of Equity, particularly where such transactions may be recognized and upheld at common law. Undue influence is a plaintiff-oriented doctrine that operates to avoid legal transactions procured in circumstances where the plaintiff’s consent is defective, while unconscionable dealing grants relief upon the basis of a defendant’s exploitation of a plaintiff’s special disability contrary to the good conscience of Equity.However, it is argued that undue influence and unconscionable dealing may operate to a significant extent as a single doctrine. This is because they are both underpinned by the existence of particular disabilities inherent in plaintiffs (such as old age and unfamiliarity with the English language) or those emanating from the relationship between plaintiff and defendant (such as trust and confidence reposed in the defendant by a plaintiff) that render a plaintiff’s interests especially vulnerable to be adversely affected by a defendant’s conscious and wrongful acts. Thus, a significant merger of undue influence and unconscionable dealing is proposed upon the expansion of special disabilities enlivening the operation of unconscionable dealing to include relationships giving rise to undue influence. The basis for including such relationships as a form of special disability is that although they do not automatically place plaintiffs at a disadvantage in dealing with defendants, the interests of plaintiffs may nevertheless be adversely affected by defendants exerting influence upon them in the course of acquiring benefits or property from plaintiffs. Accordingly, a distinction is made between special disabilities that automatically place plaintiffs in an unequal position in dealing with defendants (‘internal disabilities’) and those that only result in plaintiffs being put in an unequal position through the exertion of influence by defendants (‘external disabilities'). This thesis presents the proposed merger in five parts. First, the operation and principles underpinning undue influence and unconscionable dealing in their present forms are examined to provide the context for the proposed merger. Secondly, it is argued that the exertion of influence by defendants upon plaintiffs within relationships giving rise to undue influence is a wrongful act that justifies the inclusion of such relationships as special disabilities that enliven the operation of unconscionable dealing, a defendant-oriented doctrine. Thirdly, the framework for the proposed merger is outlined and its associated implications analyzed. Fourthly, the proposed merger’s practical applications, effects and advantages are examined with respect to third-party guarantees, gifts and the inequality of bargaining power. Finally, it is submitted that the proposed merger may serve as a better framework for facilitating the operation of undue influence and unconscionable dealing.

Der Einfluss von Naturschutzorganisationen auf Rechtsetzung und Vollzug

Influence of nature conservation organisations on legislation and law enforcement Nature conservation organisations influence laws and ordinances, administrative strategies and law enforcement. By doing this, they seek to improve the position of nature. The exertion of influence by organisations is a traditional element of Swiss politics. The nature conservation organisations bring in their claims and their expertise on all political levels and at all stages of legislation.

Das Problem der nationalen Minderheiten im Rahmen des EU-Beitritts Lettlands

This contribution addresses, in two sections, the problem of the Russian-speaking national minorities in Latvia: (1) the policy of the Republic of Latvia regarding the historically grounded, difficult relationship of Latvia's majority population to the allochthonous, non-native Russian-speaking minorities from different Soviet republics after the independence of Latvia in 1991, as well as (2) the exertion of influence by the European Union before and during the accession talks on the government of Latvia with regard to the implementation of improved procedures of naturalization for Russian-speaking minorities as well as the recognition of their minority rights. Given that the condition of Russsian-speaking minorities in Latvia is only gradually improving, a long-term meditating role by the EU would continue to be appropriate.

Einflussnahme und Mitwirkung von Organisationseinheiten im Multiprojektmanagement

Strategische Vorhaben werden zunehmend in Form von Projekten umgesetzt. Daher ist aus Sicht der Unternehmensfuhrung ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die Auswahl, Bewertung und Kontrolle dieser strategischen Projekte zu legen. Es wird die Bildung von Projektportfolios empfohlen, um die Steuerungskomplexitat zu verringern. Aus konzeptioneller Sicht ist das Multiprojektmanagement fur die Lenkung dieser Projektportfolios verantwortlich. In der Literatur werden dabei unterschiedliche Organisationseinheiten diskutiert, die typischerweise im Multiprojektmanagement involviert sind. Die Erkenntnisse einer empirischen Untersuchung zum Einfluss bzw. zur Mitwirkung dieser Organisationseinheiten in 75 deutschen Grosunternehmen zeigen, dass je nach Aufgabengebiet sowohl die Unternehmensleitung als auch Portfolio-Boards und Multiprojektmanager in hohem Mase beteiligt sind.

Дискретная модель лоббистской коммуникации

In the article, it is undertaken to present a new approach to the research of commu-nicational specificity of lobbyism. On subjecting to criticism the now dominant ideas of lobbyist communication as interest groups' exertion of influence upon the power, the author demonstrates that the lobbying process has a far more complex and differentiated character and presupposes, instead of unidirectional influence, a multitude of communicative transactions. It becomes possible, in his opinion, to take into consideration these specific features of lobbyism with the help of a discrete model of lobbyist communication which takes into account the possibility of the power's active behaviour, i.e. interprets lobbyism as a process of mutual influence and of interaction. Having applied, as methodological basis, the model of communication system elaborated by C.Shannon and W.Weaver, the author analyzes different aspects of lobbyism, such as conflict of interests, inclusion of additional actors into lobbyist communication and formation of lobbyist files, stimulation of lobbyist activity, and many more.

Learning distributed leadership: part 2

PurposeThe second paper in a two‐paper series, this article seeks to consider how the ideas of cultural historical activity theory were used in a learning programme for managers to examine and apply leadership as a collective phenomenon usually referred to as distributed leadership.Design/methodology/approachThe main elements of the programme are presented along with examples of application by learners.FindingsA key learning point that stood out is the identification of the social, historical and cultural context of leadership, rather than being focused on an individual. As learners move from actions of individuals to the activity system as a whole, distributed leadership is considered as the exertion of influence that can be inspired, distorted, subverted or ignored.Practical implicationsActivity systems are understood to be multi‐voiced and multi‐layered, subject to disturbances and flux that result in tension, contradiction and paradox which need to be understood and utilised to find ways of improving organisation performance.Originality/valueA case study on the experience of learners attempting to consider distributed leadership is provided.

Learning distributed leadership: part 1

PurposeTo explore the requirements for learning distributed leadership. drawing on cultural historical activity theory (CHAT).Design/methodology/approachThe background to recent leadership research that distinguishes between leading as a quality of one person, the appointed leader, and leadership as a collective phenomenon, usually referred to as distributed leadership (DL), is provided. Principles for a programme of learning for DL are presented.FindingsProminence is given to the mediation of action through social and cultural tools in the production of an object and leadership as influence unfolds in a reciprocal process around the use of tools. As the unit of analysis changes from individual subjects carrying out actions at a micro level to the activity system, leadership occurs through the exertion of influence that occurs not only in reciprocal interdependence required for the performance of work but also through the mediation of tools, rules, the community and division of labour.Practical implicationsA programme of learning for practitioners is developed.Originality/valueThere are few accounts of how DL is experienced and even fewer which explain how DL can be practised.

Third-Culture Building: A Paradigm Shift for International and Intercultural Communication

Western/Northern scholars have developed models of communication and rhetoric that have been based on persuasion, logic, and the exertion of influence over listeners by well-trained, skilled speakers and writers. On the other hand, foundations for different, nontraditional approaches have been made available for some time, in both the United States and Europe. They can assist us in developing a new model for human interactions, based on mutual respect, concern, and the development of new processes for sharing the limited resources found in a given environment A reexamination of contemporary international and intercultural affairs presents powerful reasons for paradigms that are more responsive to existing needs. The building of third cultures represents one situation in which individuals Find it necessary to make important responses to their environment as well as to human needs within that environment. These responses can be based on mutually developed values, communication, and organizational systems, r...

The Comrades and the Countryside: The Politics of Agricultural Policy in Zimbabwe

The crisis of food production in Africa demands that social scientists devote attention to the agricultural policies of African governments. Hunger and famine derive not only from natural catastrophe but also from policy decisions that shape the opportunities faced by farmers. The prevailing view among economists is that the administrative determination of agricultural prices in Africa creates disincentives to production. It is now widely accepted that the overvaluation of national currencies encourages food imports, and that the provision of subsidies to urban consumers prevents the payment of attractive prices to rural producers. This pattern of policy choice results, according to some political scientists, from the exertion of influence by prominent social groups, usually an alliance among bureaucratic and industrial elites and urban consumers. The resultant regime of agricultural policies serves to undermine the basic interests of agricultural producers, largely because their voices are only weakly articulated into the policy process.

Language and Social Influence in Small Conversational Groups

University students, in groups of 3 or 4, discussed legal aspects of commercial surrogacy and afterwards ranked the relative influence of each group member. As predicted, high-influence members spoke more words and had more successful turns during the conversation than low-influence members. The latter used a greater rate of intonation and intensifiers than the former. A closer examination of the results showed that turns were particularly important for high influence. Unexpectedly, tag questions and hedges did not result in low influence, probably due to the different usage of tag questions and to the nature of the conversation setting which, unlike one facing court witnesses, required tactful hedging in the exertion of influence.

Bismarck’s ‘Exertion of Influence’ over the Form of the State in France 1871–1877

Bismarck’s ‘Exertion of Influence’ over the Form of the State in France 1871–1877

Interest Groups and the Department Chairperson: The Exertion of Influence in the Large Public University

Interest Groups and the Department Chairperson: The Exertion of Influence in the Large Public University

Influence of Industry in Higher Education: A Survey of Viewpoints

It is often claimed that our tertiary educational institutions are subservient to industry and that their autonomy is severely limited. To discover the level and nature of influence that exists, or is seen to exist in one area of professional education (engineering education), surveys were carried out with employers, rank and file engineers, as well as academics in a university and a college of advanced education. Interests of industry are seen to be accommodated more in a C.A.E. than in a university, though non-academic engineers believe they are not being given a hearing in the educational bodies. The channels for the exertion of influence are mostly informal channels and the process is often not perceived by the actors as involving the exercise or exertion of influence.