Exclusive Attitude Research Articles

Unravelling Suicide and Related Behaviours in Indigenous Youth and Young Adults in the Canadian Context.

Suicide, rooted in antiquity, is now identified as a global dilemma, particularly impacting Indigenous peoples. The backdrop for this non-systematic focused review is the worldwide challenges faced by vulnerable Indigenous peoples with untenable poverty, degraded life-quality conditions, and suicidality, while the focus, as a specific case, is on the complexity of suicidality in Canadian Indigenous high-risk age groups. The aim here is to present overt and covert intersecting factors underlying suicide in Indigenous youths and young adults in the vast Canadian context. Although living in a privileged geopolitical region, their physically remote and economically compromised communities meshed with a haunting history combined with authorities' ingrained attitudes of exclusion and neglect, spawned meager health and education resources, services, and consequent dire results. The article's guiding theoretical frameworks are Transcultural Psychiatry with its emphasis on context that explains health, illness, and recovery in groups and individuals, and the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide to identify individuals' suicidality triggers. The article highlights indigenous social determinants of health, identifies elements underlying the tragic suicidality trend in these groups, and addresses literacy and education as poverty driven issues and suicidality-contributing factors promoting attitudes of hopelessness. The discussion includes joint suicide combatting efforts by Indigenous communities and Canadian authorities, these authors' psychosocial-cognitive literacy acquisition plan to address all age-groups simultaneously, and a take-home message introducing employers' desirable worker competencies for effective future employment, thereby uplifting life-quality and prospects to help thwart the spectre of suicide. The Conclusion introduces current trends in suicidality science, confirming the authors' intervention plan is a good fit in the psychosocial intervention trend. Future directions include advice to examine the effectiveness of the plan in the Indigenous context, and tweak it accordingly. For ease of reader comprehension, the article flow is included at the start of the Introduction section.

Abjection and Exclusion in Doris Lessing’s The Fifth Child

Doris Lessing’s 1988 novella The Fifth Child tells the story of Ben Lovatt, a so-called “monstrous child” in the eyes of his family. In light of Julia Kristeva’s illustration of abjection, it can be seen that Ben’s otherness has unsettled the conventional assumption about children, and his physical and behavioral differences, viewed as a threat to the idealized family life, accounts for his fate of being excluded and rejected. In consideration of the contextualized descriptions in the book and the political background in which the story is set, it is reasonable to assume that what happens to Ben is indicative of what the non-European immigrants went through in the post-war Britian. The exclusive attitude of the Lovatts towards Ben bears much resemblance to the nationwide rejection of the “dark strangers” who brought with them different customs and values. In this sense, the story of Ben, a heterogenetic other who challenges the fixed perception of what British children should look like, can be taken as a mirror which reflects, in the time of social change, how the British society tackled difference in culture.

From Exlusive to Inclusive Society

This research method is to determine the current social condition of society, whether society tends to have an inclusive attitude or an exclusive attitude in social life. The object of this research is the community, the number of participants involved was 53 people. The form of data in this research is the results of a questionnaire. This research method uses a comparative causal method. This research instrument is quantitative. The results of this research show that currently people tend to have an inclusive attitude, namely an open attitude towards other people. With this social inclusion, it is hoped that it can build more harmonious social conditions in society

Dayah Ulama’s Interpretation of Religious Moderation Narratives: Negotiable

The rise of exclusive-formalistic religious interpretations is a series of facts that emphasize how the graph of the seeds of religious radicalism in Indonesia and Aceh, in particular, is increasingly undeniable. Referring to this phenomenon, this research aims to study the strengthening of political democracy and national identity based on local values and culture, which is the standard of political behavior in Aceh. This research method uses descriptive qualitative data from interviews, FGDs, questionnaires, and literature studies. The results obtained: First, the interpretation of Dayah Ulama towards the narrative of religious moderation looks dynamic and varied. On the one hand, in quantity, most Dayah Ulama do not question the narrative of religious moderation, including accepting its derivative concepts. On the other hand, it indicates a form of fragmentation in accepting the narrative of religious moderation. Second, the majority of Dayah Ulama show acceptance of the narrative of religious moderation with pre-conditions. The attitude shown must be based on existing Islamic Sharia and Acehnese customs regulations. Third, conservative and exclusive attitudes appear negotiable, meaning that these attitudes can fade if religious interests are not disturbed.

Features of Scientific Tourism in the USSR (Problem Statement)

The article analyzes the phenomenon of scientific tourism in the USSR, both from the perspective of tourism issues and within the framework of the social history of science. However, modern research on scientific tourism has actually fallen out of the field of view of both scientific directions. For tourism issues, research design is limited, first of all, by different approaches to defining the sphere of scientific tourism in Soviet and post-Soviet historiography. Whereas within the social history of science framework, broad research prospects are opening up. The macro-analytical strategy makes it possible to identify the relationship of the “Intourist” with the party and state institutions toward scientific tourism, and the micro-analytical approach shows how interaction within tourist groups influenced non-political (including scientific) activity. Scientific tourism is considered as an external social factor influencing science, and at the same time as a form of scientific activity. Based on archival materials and documents of personal origin, the author concludes that the early history of scientific tourism fell in the second half of the 1920s and the completion of its formation in the 1960s. At the same time, the historical reconstruction allows us to see how certain areas of scientific tourism were formed – congress, industrial, expedition, exhibition, and specialized. The author explains the unstable dynamics of the development of Soviet scientific tourism, in addition to bureaucratic red tape and interdepartmental inconsistencies, primarily by attempts to combine two mutually exclusive attitudes – the expansion of scientific and technical cooperation and the achievement of ideological and political effect from trips.

THE ROLE OF HINDU RELIGION TEACHERS IN CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES TO DEVELOP THE EXISTENCE OF RELIGIOUS MODERATION AT SD SARASWATI 6 DENPASAR

An exclusive attitude is a challenge for the plural and multicultural country of Indonesia. Overcoming these challenges, Hindu Religion teachers at Saraswati 6 Elementary School in Denpasar (SD Saraswati 6 Denpasar) play an active role in co-curricular activities to develop a moderate attitude in the school environment. This research then comes to identify specifically about the role of Hindu Religion teachers in co-curricular activities to develop the existence of religious moderation at SD Saraswati 6 Denpasar. This research uses qualitative research with a descriptive naturalistic approach. Through the use of primary and secondary data sources, data collection methods that use observation techniques, interviews, and literature studies, the results of this study indicate that, the role of Hindu Religion teachers in co-curricular activities leads to the utilization of flag ceremony activities, religious ceremonies, and guidance and counseling activities to foster moderate attitudes. The results of this study aim to guide other teachers and schools in developing the existence of religious moderation in the world of education.

PROPOSAL PENDEKATAN INTERKULTURAL KEPADA SUKU BOTI TENTANG KONSEP KEILAHIAN UIS NENO

The intercultural approach is effective in its application in the context of the Boti tribe because this tribe is exclusive and considers the Bible as a foreign culture that threatens the halaika culture. The exclusive attitude of the Boti tribe is carried out on the basis of maintaining the halaika culture so that it does not experience assimilation and is eroded with the times. The intercultural approach is a biblical missionary approach. This approach uses the Boti tribal concept of uis neno as a medium to communicate about God. The method used in this study is a qualitative research, the data obtained through interviews, documentation and observations are described with other reference sources related to this research. The results obtained in this study are, the intercultural approach is a biblical missional approach and its application is persuasive in the context of the Boti tribe. The culture they understand and practice is used as a medium of gospel communication.

Implementation and Strengthening of Multicultural Islamic Education in Public Schools

The rise of exclusive attitudes and the lack of understanding of differences, diversity, religious tolerance and moderation have led to the fading of multicultural values ​​in schools. In addition, the influence of the epidemic has at least damaged the character and character of students who tend to ignore the values ​​of (cultural) diversity and tolerance in the school environment. Multicultural Islamic education is taught in public schools with an emphasis on acknowledging and respecting the differences that are inevitable for people of any religion and improving from a strong emphasis on the cognitive domain to the affective and psychomotor domains as well as improving the quality of teachers both from the point of view of their understanding of their religion. themselves and other religions, so that they themselves have the right perspective of multiculturalism. Therefore. multicultural Islamic education is taught in public schools. This is important so that students have an understanding of differences, diversity, tolerance, mutual respect and mutual acceptance in every difference in life. The methodology used is observation, interviews and documentation and is supported by various relevant references so that it has scientific value in research. This paper attempts to provide an offer or solution on how Multicultural Islamic Education is taught in schools so as to form an inclusive (open) pattern of religious understanding and tolerance in students.

Neural correlates of performance monitoring vary as a function of competition between automatic and controlled processes: An ERP study

Dual process theories of attitude formation propose that an evolutionary old associative system automatically generates subjective judgments by processing mere spatiotemporal contiguity between paired objects, subjects, or events. These judgments can potentially contradict our well-reasoned evaluations and highjack decisional or behavioral outcomes. Contrary to this perspective, other models stress the exclusive work of a single propositional system that consciously process co-occurrences between environmental cues and produce propositions, i.e., mental statements that capture the specific manner through which stimuli are linked. We constructed an experiment on the premise that it would be possible, if the associative system does produce attitudes in a parallel non-conscious fashion, to condition two mutually exclusive attitudes (one implicit, the other explicit) toward a same stimulus. Through explicit ratings, inhibition performance, and neural correlates of performance monitoring, we assessed whether there was a discrepancy between stimuli that were conditioned with (1) the two systems working in harmony (i.e., producing congruent attitudes), or (2) the two systems working in competition (i.e., producing incongruent attitudes). Compared with congruent stimuli, incongruent stimuli consistently elicited more neutral liking scores, higher response times and error rates, as well as a diminished amplitudes in two well-studied neural correlates of automatic error detection (i.e., error-related negativity) and conscious appraisal of error commission (i.e., error-related positivity). Our findings are discussed in the light of evolutionary psychology, dual-process theories of attitude formation and theoretical frameworks on the functional significance of error-related neural markers.

INTERNALIZATION OF THE VALUES OF THE QUR'AN AND HADITH IN UNDERSTANDING RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN INDONESIA

Abstract This article discusses the importance of religious moderation in relation to the many cases of religious intolerance in Indonesia. In general, religious intolerance is caused by an excessive or exclusive attitude in religion. The concept of religious moderation in Indonesia refers to the Wasathiyyah Islamic Values (NISWA). These values include; Tasamuh (tolerance), Tawassuth (taking the middle way), Tawazun (balanced), I'tidal (straight and firm), Aulawiyyah (putting first or priority), Musawah (egalitarian), Shura (deliberation), Qudwatiyyah (pioneering), Muwathanah (nationalism), Ishlah (constructive), Ibtikar (innovative, creative), tathawwur (dynamic), and tahadlur (public civility). Washatiyyah Islamic values are implications of the teachings of "Rahmatan lil'alamin". For the implementation of washatiyyah Islamic values in the concept of religious moderation, it is important to collaborate with religious sociologists. This is because the perspective of the sociology of religion can help to provide an understanding of religious phenomena, especially the sociology of religion at this time has confirmed the vision of openness and broad-mindedness vision. Religious moderation (Islam washatiyyah) is the key to realizing a ssociety that is not extreme in religion and able to respect, understand, tolerate each other to create a peaceful and harmonious life among religious communities in Indonesia.The method used in this research is library research with a qualitative approach and perspective. sociology of religion. Keywords: Religious Moderation, Al Quran and Hadith Value, Conflict Resolution

Promoting Inclusivity in Anti-Sectarian Protests: Understanding the Dilemmas of Organizers in Lebanon’s 2019 October Uprising

Abstract This article contributes to explaining limitations to the inclusivity of protest movements against sectarianism through a case study of the 2019 Lebanese October Uprising. The study scrutinizes the challenges key organizers in Beirut faced when seeking to address issues of inclusivity concerning residents from two Shiʿite majority communities in and around the city. Engaging social movement theories on intersectionality and political opportunity structures and drawing on data from twenty-two in-depth interviews, it shows that organizers were attentive to stereotyping and exclusive attitudes concerning young men from the two communities. Yet, while expressing a desire to address these, organizers also found themselves caught in a dilemma, fearing that their efforts to promote inclusivity could trigger accusations of sectarian biases and favoritism. These findings provide important inputs to wider scholarly debates concerning the relationship between protests and other forms of anti-sectarian mobilization as well as the costs and desirability of enhancing inclusivity.

PERMASALAHAN YANG DIHADAPI DALAM PELAKSANAAN SEKOLAH INKLUSI DI INDONESIA

Abstract: Children with special needs have the same rights as children in general to get an education. Unfortunately, the availability of adequate education for children with special needs is not adequate and equal. Because the provision of special schools only in big cities. Inclusive education comes as an alternative solution to overcome the social problems of Children with Special Needs (ABK). The purpose of establishing inclusive education is to minimize the impact caused by an exclusive attitude. In addition, inclusive education also has several problems because both schools, communities and teachers do not fully understand and know how to implement inclusive schools in accordance with existing rules. In this article using descriptive research methods to find out more deeply what problems are faced by schools, especially related to the implementation of inclusive education. society, and government.

Examination of the Relationship Between Teachers’ Perception of Organizational Exclusion and Levels of Happiness at Work

It is obvious that teachers may exhibit negative attitudes if they think they are alone and worthless in their own school environment. This paper focuses on determining the role of organisational exclusion attitudes of teachers and their feelings of happiness at work. For this purpose, correlational design was utilized in the research. The sample of this study consists of 171 teachers from 21 secondary schools in Şırnak province. The data of the research were gathered by utilizing organisational exclusion scale and happiness at work scales. Based on the data results, it was concluded that the variables examined in the study are significantly related by correlation. The regression analysis results revealed that organisational exclusion and nihilation dimension can negatively and significantly predict happiness at work attitude. Isolation dimension does not statistically have a significant role on the feeling of happiness at work. Through the results obtained from the research, suggestions have been provided to researchers and practitioners.

“Something Is Happening”: Medical Realism and the Problem of Acting in Harold Pinter’s A Kind of Alaska

Harold Pinter’s A Kind of Alaska outlines and responds to a critical dilemma in the relationship between modern drama and medical practice. Focusing on a clinical encounter between a doctor and a patient, Pinter’s play was inspired by a real-life medical case history taken from neurologist Oliver Sacks’s Awakenings. Its engagement with medical reality, however, is disturbed by the aesthetic effects of Pinteresque dramaturgy, which subtly undermine the play’s presentation of bioethical dilemmas that are determined by authoritative acts of diagnosis and the control of doctor-patient communication. Reviewing the history of medical vision alongside theatrical realism reveals a paradoxical emphasis on pedagogy and unlearning within both traditions, wherein naïve acts of empiricism and a dutiful adherence to material presence are meant only to reinforce prescribed conclusions and extant structures of knowledge. A Kind of Alaska responds to this paradox by eliciting mutually exclusive attitudes toward narrative and acting, juxtaposing realist effects with those borrowed from the Brechtian Lehrstücke. As a result, the play challenges the kinds of closure implicit in both clinical vision and history, prioritizing instead the dialectical indeterminacies necessary to both the learning and the practice of medicine.

Komunikasi Interelasi Antarummat Beragama Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Plural

Interrelation between religious communities is a challenge faced by the world's religions today. All religions tend to have a claim to absolutism, be it Islam, Christianity, Hinduism or Judaism. The particularistic-subjective claims of adherents of monotheism will have an impact on inter-religious conflicts. The differences between religions are only at the level of exotericism, while at the level of esotericism there is a meeting point. We cannot ignore the differences that exist within each religion to draw the conclusion that “all must be one”. In understanding the issue of religions, it is necessary to have a multicultural approach, where this approach tries to keep away from absolute, subjective and exclusive attitudes that put forward the moral and social aspects of religion.

Собрание сочинений Владимира Нарбута: архивы, тексты, подходы

The last lifetime poetry collection of Vladimir Narbut was published in 1922. Started by the poet in the 1930s, work on the preparation of the book of selected poems Spiral was interrupted by his arrest and, subsequently, tragic death in Kolyma in 1938. Since then, separate editions of Narbut’s works have been published three times: in 1983 the poet Leonid Chertkov compiled a collection Vladimir Narbut. Selected Poems in France; in 1990 N. Panchenko and N. Byalosinskaya published the book Vladimir Narbut. Poems in the USSR; in 2018 the OGI publishing house published the book Vladimir Narbut. Collected Works. Poems, Translations, Prose. The third, latest in nearly a hundred years, reference to the works of one of the most distinctive poets of the era in the context of preparing a separate collection of his oeuvre actualized the issue of developing approaches to be guided by when compiling the forthcoming collection. The key element here seemed to be the comprehension of the experience of preparing the previous separate editions of 1983 and 1990, as well as the scientifically commented publications of Narbut’s works made by researchers in the literary periodicals of the late 20th - early 21st centuries. The closest correlation of the tragic ups and downs of Narbut’s life with the “geological upheaval” of the 1917 Revolution and the Civil War led to the ambiguous dependence of the posthumous fate of the poet’s creative heritage on the context of the era, diametrically opposed and mutually exclusive attitudes in the perception of key events in Russian and world history of the 20th century. The preparation of Narbut’s collected works was planned in the interconnection of two directions: (1) the continuation of work to eliminate the “blank spots” in the poet’s biography, and (2) the formation of the most complete collection of Narbut’s fiction for the first time supplemented, in addition to poetic texts, with prose and translations. In preparation for the publication of Narbut’s literary texts included in the collected works, the issue of using a real commentary as the main approach in preparing notes was updated, taking into account the biographical, historical, literary, folklore, mythological, and linguistic aspects. Directions were set by the thorough work that began in the 1983 edition, and especially in the 1990 edition. The bulk of research on Narbutov’s texts and biographical facts was carried out in the funds of the Odessa Literary Museum and the Odessa National Library named after A.M. Gorky (Odessa periodicals of the 1920s), in state and private archives and funds of Moscow, including the Manuscript Department, the main and newspaper funds of the Russian State Library, in the department of manuscripts of the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts, in the archives of the Federal Security Service, the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, the State Archive of the Russian Federation.

What to watch for in 2022

MOLECULAR EDITING What to watch for in 2022Experts predict next year’s big chemistry research trends ShareShare onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail C&EN, 2021, 99 (45), pp 46–47December 20, 2021Cite this:C&EN 99, 45, 46-47(Credit: C&EN/Shutterstock)Figure1of7Javier García Martínez (Credit: Rive Technology)Figure1of7Vernon Morris (Credit: Jamie Cepernich, Barry Evans Studio, Pinole, CA)Figure2of7Laura-Isobel McCall (Credit: University of Oklahoma)Figure3of7Eugene Y.-X. Chen (Credit: Colorado State University)Figure4of7Corinna Schindler (Credit: Courtesy of Corinna Schindler)Figure5of7Diego Solis-Ibarra (Credit: Courtesy of Diego Solis-Ibarra)Figure6of7Javier García Martínez, president-elect, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry“Among all the exciting new trends in catalysis, I would like to mention the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into useful chemicals. In the last few years, we have seen not only significant improvements in overall CO2 conversion yields, but also in selectivity towards increasingly complex and useful molecules with multiple carbon atoms and a variety of functional groups. Based on the impressive advances in this field over the past few years, I am convinced that during 2022, we will see some significant breakthroughs in terms of what we can do with CO2 using only sunlight to drive its conversion into useful chemicals.”Note: García Martínez is a member of C&EN’s advisory board.Vernon Morris, atmospheric chemist, Arizona State University“The highly publicized social unrest in 2021 inspired calls to the STEM [science, technology, engineering, and mathematics] community to redress the institutionalized systems, mechanisms, and attitudes of exclusion that assure racially biased outcomes in science and technology. Equity-minded scientists will continue to challenge our community to move beyond the status-quo perceptions of who gets to become a scientist and who gets recognition as a producer of knowledge. But if past is precedent, look for heightened backlash against these efforts. Meanwhile, inclusive, interdisciplinary scientific teams will catalyze the development of robust, equity-centered solutions to complex challenges associated with air pollution (particularly in megacities) and environmental justice.”Laura-Isobel McCall, analytical chemist, University of Oklahoma“Now that several new methods have expanded our ability to annotate metabolite features, I am hopeful that scientists beyond the groups that developed these methods will begin to implement them. I will be watching for new biological insights generated from analytical chemistry and computational structure prediction tools. A key step will be increasing confidence in the output of in silico tools, especially with regards to rankings of predicted structures. I also think that we’re all hungry to reclaim the sense of community that was lost during the pandemic. This may lead to a growth in collaborative research projects, with new perspectives on the ‘tough questions.’ ”Eugene Y.-X. Chen, polymer chemist, Colorado State University“The plastics problem is not just about the plastic pollution crisis that everyone witnesses but also about energy and climate change, as plastics manufacturing is predicted to account for 20% of global petroleum consumption and 15% of the carbon budget by 2050. Furthermore, while this is a global problem, R&D activities are not yet globally connected. In 2022, with researchers hoping to travel more freely, we will see a burst of cross-disciplinary, collaborative activities not only in publications but also in international summits and conferences towards our common goal of creating innovative and sustainable solutions to meet this urgent challenge of our time.”Corinna Schindler, synthetic organic chemist, University of Michigan“In organic chemistry, I expect that we will see the trend of skeletal or molecular editing continue to grow. Mark Levin’s young research group at the University of Chicago created a lot of interest earlier this year with their work on skeletal editing through nitrogen deletion. They developed a creative and unexpected approach that got many chemists in the field fascinated. The question is very captivating—can you take a complex molecule and turn it into a very different one (that would take many steps to make) by one simple synthetic transformation? I anticipate that chemists will build on these results to quickly get their hands on new, complex molecules that will have important biological functions.”Diego Solis-Ibarra, materials chemist, National Autonomous University of Mexico “After a little over a decade of excitement and development, 2022 is likely to be the year in which perovskite photovoltaics will finally see the light at a commercial stage. This milestone will surely bring a lot of knowledge, questions, and challenges to the field. Simultaneously, perovskites and perovskite-inspired materials will further venture into new territories beyond solar cells and light-emitting diodes. Frontier applications, such as spintronics, detectors, transistors, and catalysts, are some of the exciting avenues that the field will undoubtedly be exploring.”Learn more in C&EN’s 2022 predictions webinar at cenm.ag/2022predictions.

Memahami Dialektika Antara Perilaku Agama dan Politik dalam Perumusan Hukum Islam di Indonesia

This study aims to explain the formulation of Islamic law is a product of the dialectic between political and religious behavior. Dialectics is often related to relations and power as well as interactions and connections. This article uses a qualitative method with descriptive analysis that compares several literatures by describing the relationship between religious and political dialectics in the formulation of Islamic law. Furthermore, this article uses an inclusive and exclusive theoretical framework. The essence of this theoretical framework is the awareness of the recognition of the existence of salvation beyond self-belief. This article argues that religious doctrines influence the political behavior will tend to produce an inclusive attitude, but political behavior affects the religion will lead to produce an exclusive behavior in formulating of Islamic law. An inclusive attitude can be seen from the openness in responding to political changes by using generally accepted opinion trends. Meanwhile, this exclusive attitude can be seen from the tendency to use legal terms such as lawful, unlawful, infidel or apostasy which applies specifically. However, both inclusive and exclusive models are expressions in the formulation of Islamic law. The conclusion is that the dialectic between political and religious behavior has implications for the recognition of legal pluralism as a dynamic character of Islamic law.

Pendidikan Inklusi Solusi Utama Untuk Anak Penyandang Disabilitas

Children with disabilities have the same rights as children in general to get an education. Unfortunately, the availability of adequate education for children with special needs is not adequate and equal. Because the provision of special schools only in big cities. The research method used is qualitative research with a literature study approach. The results showed that inclusive education came as the main solution to overcome children with disabilities. The purpose of establishing inclusive schools is to minimize the impact caused by an exclusive attitude. Inclusive schools also provide opportunities for children with special needs and less able to pursue postgraduate education.

Synergistic Partnership Model to improve the Quality Management of Religiously Affiliated High Schools in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

This study aims to describe the implementation of school partnerships, benefits, supporting factors, and inhibitors associated with the quality of Catholic High School education in Central Kalimantan Province. The study uses a qualitative approach and is conducted on a small scale. The sample consisted of 20 people, namely principals, teachers, parents, alumni desks, school committees, and the government. All information belongs to 5 Catholic Senior high schools in Central Kalimantan Province in Indonesia. All informants agreed to follow the study. Information collected from study participants used semi-structured interviews. The results showed that the synergistic partnership model has not been applied in the scope of Catholic Senior High School educational institutions in Central Kalimantan Province The participation of parents, communities, alumni ties, the government, and industry is very low due to limited access and lack of information about the existence of schools. Exclusive attitude and minder become a factor inhibiting the relationship of partnerships with stakeholders. The emergence of awareness on the part of the school of its limitations captures opportunities to build partnerships with stakeholders.