Excess Weight In Adolescents Research Articles

Hubungan Pola Makan Dan Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Kejadian Overweight Pada Remaja

Excess weight in adolescents is caused by energy intake that exceeds needs or insufficient energy consumption and is related to a history of eating habits and the frequency of intake of high-calorie foods. The diet that triggers overweight is consuming large portions of food, eating foods high in energy, high in fat, high in simple carbohydrates and low in fiber. Physical activity is a risk factor for obesity, where teenagers with light activity are more at risk of becoming obese. In 2018 basic health research, the incidence of overweight was 7.8%. Jambi City Health Service with the number of overweight cases in Jambi City, namely 174 cases. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of overweight in adolescents at SMAN 8 Jambi City. The design of this research is quantitative with a cross sectional approach. This research was carried out at SMAN 8 Jambi City in February-June 2023. The population in this research was 359 students of SMAN 8 Jambi City. The sample consisted of 79 respondents. The sampling technique is proportional sampling. The data analysis used is univariate and bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square statistical test. The research results showed a relationship between eating patterns and the incidence of overweight in adolescents (0.000), and the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of overweight in adolescents (0.020). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with the incidence of overweight in adolescents at SMAN 8 Jambi City.

Neck Circumference for Identification of Excess Adiposity in Adolescents with Cancer: A Better Parameter for Use in Clinical Practice?

Purpose: Excess weight in adolescents with cancer during treatment does affect cancer outcomes. Neck circumference (NC), an easygoing anthropometric measure, may present greater metabolic risk, and is associated with excess adiposity. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of elevated NC in adolescents with cancer and associated factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study with adolescents aged 10-19 years, under antineoplastic treatment, evaluated from 2015 to 2017, at a Pediatric Oncology Institute's outpatient clinic. Anthropometric parameters were collected, besides diagnosis, sex, and age. The classification of elevated NC was carried out considering cutoff values for adolescents, according to sex and age group. A binary logistic regression was used to determine relationships between NC and associated factors. Results: Among 496 eligible cases, most were male (n = 299, 60.3%). A total of 31.9% of cases had high NC. There is significant and moderate correlation between skinfold thickness (TS) and NC (ρ = 0.6; p = 0.000), and a significant but weak correlation between TS and body mass index (ρ = 0.267; p = 0.000). The adjusted analysis for sex, age group, and type of tumor showed that females are more likely to belong to the high NC category, to have excess adiposity. The age group between 10 and 12 years was the most associated with this outcome (2.795 [0.979-7.977]; p < 0.05). TS is also associated with high NC (1.114 [1.050-1.182]; p < 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that there is high prevalence of elevated NC and higher risks for this outcome considering type of tumor, sex, age group, besides being an easy and simple measure for use in clinical practice.

Role of Taste Receptor Gene Variations (SNPs) on Diet Quality in Adolescent Females

The prevalence of pediatric obesity has increased over the past 40 years and the rate in females 6 to 19 years old is currently over 19%. This profound increase in obesity is predicted to negatively impact health and result in multiple obesity‐related comorbidities in adulthood. Obesity disproportionately affects ethnic minorities with a higher percentage of adolescent African‐American females (~29%) with obesity compared to non‐Hispanic, white females (~15%). The overconsumption of highly palatable, energy dense, foods are linked to obesity and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from taste genes are linked to alterations in taste perception and food choices. SNPs are associated with higher rates of obesity and altered fat perception (CD36; fat), higher caloric intake from sugar (TAS1R2; sweet) and increased energy intake (TAS2R38, bitter). An enhanced understanding of genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors contributing to excess weight in adolescents is paramount. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to investigate the intersection of genotype (rs1761667 of CD36 (AA), rs35874116 of TAS1R2 (TT) and rs713598 of TAS2R38 (CC)) and phenotype on diet intake and quality in adolescent African‐American and white females. Genotype was determined by allelic discrimination assay in females (10‐16 years old; n=142) enrolled in the Translational Investigation of Growth and Everyday Routines in Kids (TIGER Kids) Study. Anthropometrics and 24‐hour dietary recalls were conducted for each participant and Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores, a measure of diet quality, were calculated. The effect of race and genetic variation was assessed using a two‐way ANOVA. Based on allelic discrimination assays, the expression rates of CD36 AA, TAS1R2 TT and TAS2R38 CC in white females (27.7%, 45.0%, 38.3%, respectively) and African‐American females (15.3%, 37.3%, 31.0%, respectively) were determined. Preliminary results indicated that BMI percentiles were higher in African‐American females across all genotypes (p&lt;.05) and moderately affected by TAS2R38 genotype (p&lt;.06). CD36 and race differentially affected HEI for added sugar, total vegetable, greens and beans, whole grain, seafood and plant protein and total HEI, (p&lt;.05). TAS1R2 and race differentially affected HEI‐added sugar (p&lt;.05). TAS2R38 significantly affected HEI‐sodium and total protein (p&lt;.05) and TAS2R38 and race differentially affected HEI for total vegetables, fruits, and whole fruits (p&lt;.09). Fat and sugar intake (g) were positively correlated with SNPs previously associated with altered fat perception (CD36 AA), sugar intake (TAS1R2 TT) and overall energy intake (TAS2R39 CC) in white (p&lt;.05), but not African‐American females, suggesting that the effects of taste receptor SNPs on the relationship between fat and sugar intake differs by race. Overall, the results from these analyses support the intersection between race and genetic variation on HEI, and suggest that SNPs in taste receptor genes differently affect diet quality in adolescent females. Further understanding of the role of taste receptor SNPs on food choices and diet quality is needed to better tailor dietary interventions in the pediatric population.

Influence of Lifestyle Habits in the Development of Obesity during Adolescence.

Background: The alarming increase in childhood obesity is a global public health problem since it has significant health consequences. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the potentially modifiable risk factors for developing excess weight and determine the importance of developing certain habits to prevent childhood overweight and obesity. Methods: The sample included 416 students between the ages of 12 and 14 (12.8 ± 0.62) first-year high school students from Murcia in Spain. Data were collected on their lifestyle habits through the ENHASA questionnaire, and the somatometry of the participants was measured. Such data were studied through structural equation modeling and importance-performance map analyses. Results: The modifiable risk factors that presented the greatest potency directly regarding when developing excess weight in adolescents were ‘use of electronic devices’ and ‘not performing physical activity’ (p < 0.001). ‘Social and school environment’ and ‘diet’ showed relationships but no significant differences with overweight or obesity. Globally, the lifestyle habit of the greatest importance for not being overweight was ‘engagement in extracurricular physical activities’. On the other hand, the habits related to using new technologies in a sedentary way showed the best capacity for improvement. Therefore, it would be very efficient to focus on them to control excess weight. Conclusion: Responsible and limited use of screens and engaging in extracurricular physical activities may be the most remarkable and cost-effective strategies for obesity prevention programs.

The Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) Study.

Background: Childhood obesity is one of the greatest public health concerns facing advanced societies, Spain being one of the countries with the highest incidence. In this sense, the Region of Murcia has been pointed out as the Spanish autonomous community with the highest prevalence of excess weight among young people. More specifically, the Valle de Ricote has shown an even greater proportion of excess weight among young people. Several sociodemographic, environmental, lifestyle, health-related, cognitive, and psychological factors are related to excess weight. Based on the lack of information, this research project will try to provide relevant information to design intervention programs, as well as to implement effective public policies to try and reverse this alarming situation. Therefore, this research project aims (1) to obtain cross-sectional and longitudinal data on the excess weight and their potential sociodemographic, environmental, lifestyle, health-related, cognitive, and psychological factors associated among adolescents from the Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia, Spain) (aged 12–17 years), and (2) to examine the association between excess weight and their potential sociodemographic, environmental, lifestyle, health-related, cognitive, and psychological factors associated among this population. Methods: A cross-sectional study and follow-up study will be performed. This research project will involve adolescents using a simple random sampling technique. A total of three secondary schools from the Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia, Spain) will be included in this project. The minimum sample size will be 1138, establishing a 95% confidence interval, a 40% prevalence of excess weight, a 3% margin of error, and a non-response rate of 10%. Primary outcome measures will be: (1) anthropometric measurements, (2) sociodemographic factors, (3) environmental factors, (4) lifestyle factors, (5) health-related factors, (6) cognitive factors, and (7) psychological factors. Conclusion: This research project will aim to determine the prevalence of excess weight and interrelate their potential sociodemographic, environmental, lifestyle, health-related, cognitive, and psychological factors associated. The obtained results will help to manage and propose possible multidisciplinary interventions and strategies in order to prevent and reduce the excess weight in adolescents from the Valle de Ricote. Furthermore, orientations will be given to transfer the obtained results to the public sector to evaluate or change the adopted policies.

The food environment in schools and their immediate vicinities associated with excess weight in adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The present study systematically reviewed the characteristics of the food environment in schools and their immediate vicinities associated with excess weight in adolescents. We searched for relevant articles in seven databases. No restrictions were applied on language, publication date, and status of publication. The study selection process and data extraction were conducted by two authors independently. For meta-analyses, the random-effects model and the maximum-likelihood method were applied. A total of 9327 publications were identified from the initial search. Of these, 20 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. The sale of food in school or immediate vicinity was associated with high BMI [Odds ratio (OR)= 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01, 2.06]. The availability of healthy food provided by school significantly decreased the odds of obesity [OR= 0.89, 95%CI 0.82, 0.96]. However, the presence of nutrition policies or programs at school was not associated with obesity (OR= 0.81, 95%CI 0.57, 1.16). This study highlights the need for improvement in school food environment, including restricting students' exposure to unhealthy foods. The quality of food (healthy vs unhealthy) provided or made available to adolescents in the school food environment influences their weight status. Therefore, promotion of healthy food programs and availability of healthy food at school would limit the prevalence of excess weight in adolescents.

Produção da cartilha “Doutô, meu filho só come besteira!” para orientação sobre o excesso de peso na adolescência

A adolescência é uma fase de mudanças físicas e psicológicas, bem como é um período em que o organismo precisa de energia para o desenvolvimento, o que deixa essa faixa etária vulnerável quanto aos riscos nutricionais, sobretudo, ao excesso de peso. Este estudo objetivou apresentar a elaboração de uma cartilha informativa, direcionada ao público adolescente. Foram feitos levantamentos de dados para corroborar a relevância da produção. Em seguida, para a coleta de informações usadas no material, analisaram-se artigos científicos, documentos institucionais e textos de websites. Foram pensados o layout, as ilustrações, a diagramação, as cores, títulos, tamanho e formato do texto. Posteriormente, a cartilha foi encaminhada para revisões técnicas e ortográficas e enviada para o registro do ISBN pela Câmara Brasileira do Livro e para a impressão de exemplares. O material apresentou dezesseis páginas, com dimensões de 21 x 29,7 cm. Foram impressos 50 exemplares na primeira edição sob o registro ISBN: 978-65-00-10004-4. Em seu conteúdo foi proposta uma abordagem informativa, crítica e reflexiva de aspectos que desencadeiam o excesso de peso em adolescentes e impactam na qualidade de vida dessa parcela populacional. Assim, esse artigo denotou o processo de elaboração de uma cartilha voltada para a educação em saúde de adolescentes, mas ressalta-se que as informações estão sintetizadas e são para um entendimento rápido e lúdico, não substituindo, portanto, a avaliação criteriosa de um profissional da saúde.

Excess weight in adolescents and associated factors: data from the ERICA study

ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of excessive weight and to identify associations with socioeconomic, demographic, biological, and lifestyle factors in adolescents. MethodsIt is a cross-sectional school-based study, with a stratified and complex sample. The evaluated individuals were adolescents (2404), aged 12–17 years old, participating in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents (ERICA). Demographic, socioeconomic, biological, anthropometric, and lifestyle variables were assessed. Poisson regression was used to verify the association between excess weight and independent variables. ResultsThe prevalence of excessive weight was 26.3% in the study population, being 16.3% for overweight and 10% for obesity. In the multivariate analysis (hierarchical model), were associated with excessive weight: private education network, a higher number of televisions in the residence, eating habits related to the breakfast consumption, snacks purchase in the canteen, snacks in front to screens consumption and consumption of carbohydrates and lipids, in addition to age group (12–14 years) and sexual maturation (post-pubertal). ConclusionsThe prevalence of excessive weight among the school adolescents studied is high, with a value higher than the national average and the results of previous studies with adolescents. Its distribution is associated with different factors, which are socioeconomic, demographic, biological, and related to lifestyle, reinforcing the complexity of this condition, which deserves a broad coping approach, involving not only individual efforts but social and public ones as well.

Birth weight, life course factors and excess weight among schoolchildren in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 2010

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between birth weight and excess weight among students aged 6–14 years, adjusted for life course confounding factors. MethodsCross-sectional study with 6–14-year-old schoolchildren in 2010; 795 school children from two public schools. In addition, a sub-sample was selected using a case-cohort study approach. Sociodemographic, breastfeeding, food introduction, previous weight gain, family history, current clinical and behavioral variables as well as maternal variables related to pregnancy, were collected. Multivariable weighted logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between birth weight and overweight. All prevalent cases of overweight (n = 160) were selected to compose the case group and a random sub-sample of all students participating in the study (n = 276 students, of whom 88 were cases) were the control group. ResultsAn unadjusted 6% increase in the excess weight prevalence ratio (p-value = 0.004) was found for each 100 g increase in birth weight. With adjustment for age, sex and behavioral variables (models 1 and 2), the association of birth weight with excess weight was positive and statistically significant, but it was no longer significant in the final model (model 3) when clinical variables were considered. ConclusionsAlthough some of the secondary associations were statistically significant, we could not identify a significant association between birthweight and excess weight in adolescents.

The omission of meals is associated with excess weight in adolescents

The omission of meals is associated with excess weight in adolescents

Correlation of overweight nutritional status and sleep quality in 16–18 years old teenagers in South Jakarta

Background and Objectives: Overweight nutritional status in adolescents becomes a health problem that continues to require attention. Not only because of its rapidly increasing prevalence, but also its various adverse effects on adolescent health, especially on the quality of sleep. Sleep quality decrease in adolescents can impact their daily performance, especially in learning. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of overweight nutritional status with sleep quality in adolescents aged 16–18 years old in South Jakarta.Method: This cross-sectional design study was done in two public senior high schools in the South Jakarta. A total of 186 students from classes of 2015, 2016, and 2017 with age between 16-18 years old underwent weight and height measurements, determination of BMI and nutritional status using the CDC BMI-for-age chart, as well as filling the Cleveland Adolescent Sleepiness Questionnaire to assess the quality of sleep.Results: The prevalence of overweight was found by 20.43% (14.52% categorized as overweight, 5.91% categorized as obese) with a median value of the questionnaire 40.00 (23.00 to 58.00). Mann-Whitney test found that the p value for the mean difference of the questionnaire's total score to excess weight is 0.783.Conclusion: There was no correlation between the quality of sleep to excess weight in adolescents aged 16–18 years old in South Jakarta.

Salivary Microbiological and Gingival Health Status Evaluation of Adolescents With Overweight and Obesity: A Cluster Analysis

Given the high prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents, the investigation of early markers is of clinical importance to better manage this condition. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the cross-sectional relationship between salivary microbiota, gingival health status, and excess weight in adolescents. A total of 248 students (14–17 y; 119 girls) were included, free of caries lesions and periodontal pockets. Physical examination included measures of height, weight, and body fat percentage (%BF). Oral examination was performed to gather information on dental (DMFT index) and gingival health status. Unstimulated saliva was submitted to qPCR reactions to quantify Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Bifidobacteria, and Streptococcus pneumoniae percentages and the NFKappaB expression. Two-way ANOVA was applied considering group (normal-weight/overweight/obesity) and sex factors, in addition to cluster analysis. Group effect was significant for %S. mutans (partial eta2 = 0.20; p < 0.001) and %Bifidobacteria (partial eta2 = 0.19; p < 0.001), with overweight and obesity groups showing the highest levels compared to normal-weight ones, with no significant sex effect. There was no difference in the frequency of gingivitis, P. gingivalis, and S. pneumoniae percentages or NFKappaB expression between groups. Cluster analysis generated three clusters according to body fat accumulation: “Higher %BF,” “Moderate %BF,” and “Lower %BF.” “Higher %BF” cluster was characterized by higher body fat percentage and higher salivary %Bifidobacteria, while cluster “Lower %BF” was characterized by lower body fat percentage and lower frequency of gingivitis (“Moderate %BF” cluster was the contrast). According to nutritional status, a difference in salivary S. mutans and Bifidobacteria percentages was found, with overweight or obesity adolescents showing the highest percentages than normal-weight ones. Besides, a positive relationship between body fat accumulation and Bifidobacteria count was observed, indicating a possible interaction between oral bacteria communities and weight gain.

Modeling Pathways From the Perinatal Factors to the Vascular Risk Phenotype at the End of the Second Decade of Life: Birth Cohort, Brazil.

Risk factors act around birth increasing future vascular risk. In this study, we analysed the pathways from perinatal factors to the vascular risk phenotype (VRP) in adolescents including indirect pathways mediated by obesity in adolescence. Data from a Brazilian cohort were collected at birth and at 18 to 19 years (follow-up). A theoretical model was constructed to analyze the association between variables at birth (socioeconomic status, prepregnancy body mass index, mother's age, history of maternal hypertension, maternal smoking, gestational age at birth, birth weight, sex, delivery type) and at follow-up (smoking and excess weight) with the VRP, using structural equation modeling. VRP was a continuous latent variable, representing the shared variance of blood pressure indictors and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Males had higher VRP (standardized coefficient [SC], 0.561; P<0.001). Higher prepregnancy body mass index was associated with higher VRP (SC, 0.140; P=0.032). Gestational age <34 weeks had a total (SC, 0.259; P=0.002) and direct effect (SC, 0.354; P=0.018) on VRP. Cesarean delivery had a total effect, albeit borderline, on VRP (SC, 0.159; P=0.066). Excess weight at follow-up was the main determinant of a high VRP (SC, 0.470; P<0.001). Male sex, cesarean section, gestational age <34 weeks, pregestational excess weight, and excess weight in adolescents were associated with increased VRP at 18 to 19 years of age.

Variation of CD36 genotype in Adolescent Females

The pervasiveness of obesity in children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 years has increased by more than 10‐fold over the past 40 years. This profound increase in childhood obesity has become a major public health problem that is predicted to result in multiple obesity‐related comorbidities in adulthood. Therefore, a better understanding of both genetic and environmental factors that contribute to excess weight in adolescents is paramount. Obesity disproportionately affects ethnic minorities, indicating a racial disparity, and a higher percentage of adolescent African‐American females have obesity compared to non‐Hispanic, white adolescent females. Studies suggest that overconsumption of highly palatable, energy dense, high fat foods contributes to the current rates of obesity. Recent clinical studies have linked a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs1761667 of CD36, to higher rates of obesity and altered fat perception in adults and children. The goal of the current study was to investigate the intersection of genotype and phenotype on the risk for obesity in adolescent African‐American and white females with the AA genotype by investigating differences in dietary intake, food cravings, and body composition. CD36 genotype was determined by an allelic discrimination assay in a subset of adolescent girls (10–16yo; n=142) enrolled in the Translational Investigation of Growth and Everyday Routines in Kids (TIGER Kids) Study. Anthropometrics, 24‐h diet recall, food craving inventory and body composition assessments were conducted for each participant. Expression of the AA genotype was higher in white females (27.7%) compared to African‐American females (15.3%), while expression of the GG genotype was higher in African‐American (44.1%) compared to white (26.5%) females. Preliminary results indicated that BMI percentile and rates of obesity were higher in African‐American females across all genotypes. However, white females with the AA genotype consumed significantly more daily calories, including daily fat (g), carbohydrates (g), and sugar (g) than African‐American females. No differences in daily food intake were detected between African‐American and white females in the AG or GG genotype. Furthermore, no differences were noted in the Food Craving Inventory or in body composition based on race or genotype. Results from this study suggest that the AA genotype of rs1761667 of CD36 in African‐American and white female adolescents may influence overall food intake and macronutrient selection.Support or Funding InformationUSDA 3092‐51000‐056‐04A

Prevalence and factors associated with excess weight in adolescents in a low-income neighborhood - Northeast, Brazil

Abstract Objectives: to study the prevalence of excess weight and associated factors among adolescents from a low-income neighborhood located in the city of Recife, Pernambuco. Methods: cross-sectional study, in which behavioral, socioeconomic and demographic information was collected from June to December 2014. Excess weight was calculated based on body mass index for age and the cut-off points, by the World Health Organization (2007). To analyze associations between predictor variables and the outcome, multivariate data analysis was performed following the Poisson Regression (Prevalence Ratio - PR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: twenty-five adolescents participated in the study, with a prevalence of 36.4% of excess weight: 20.4% overweight (95%CI=15.1-25.7) and 16.0% obesity (95%CI= 11.2-20.8), predominantly in female gender (42.5%; p=0.031). The outcome was associated with internet access (PR=1.20; 95%CI=1.01-1.43), the number of people in the family (PR= 1.12; 95%CI=1.01-1.28) and screen time (PR=1.13; 95%CI=1.01-1.27), but only in male gender. Conclusions: the prevalence found was higher than that of other national researches, especially for the female gender. In the male gender, not having internet access, a lesser number of family members and a longer screen time proved to be factors associated with being excess weight.

Eating habits and weight status in Finnish adolescents.

To investigate the association between eating habits and weight status in adolescents in Finland. Cross-sectional study. The Finnish Health in Teens (Fin-HIT) study is a cohort study conducted in adolescents attending third to sixth grade in 496 schools in forty-four municipalities in Southern, Middle and Northern Finland in 2011-2014. Analyses included 10 569 adolescents from the Fin-HIT study aged 9-14 years (5005 boys and 5564 girls). Adolescents were categorized by their eating habits: healthy eaters (44·1 %; n 4661), unhealthy eaters (12·3 %; n 1298), and fruit and vegetable avoiders (43·6 %; n 4610); and they were grouped into weight status: underweight (11·1 %), normal weight (73·6 %) and excess weight (15·3 %). We found an increased risk of underweight in fruit and vegetable avoiders (OR = 1·28; 95 % CI 1·12, 1·46). An irregular breakfast pattern showed an inverse association with underweight (OR = 0·70; 95 % CI 0·59, 0·84) and an increased risk of excess weight (OR = 1·56; 95 % CI 1·37, 1·77) compared with a regular breakfast pattern. An irregular dinner pattern was inversely associated with underweight (OR = 0·83; 95 % CI 0·69, 0·99) compared with a regular dinner pattern. Avoiding fruits and vegetables and following irregular breakfast and dinner patterns were associated with underweight and excess weight in adolescents.

Association of Helicobacter Pylori Infection with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Iranian Adolescents: the CASPIAN III Study

Background: At least half the world’s population is colonized the stomach by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) which are a key constituent of the human microbiome. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with H. pylori infection in Iranian adolescents. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted along with the third survey of a national school-based surveillance system in Iran, entitled Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non-communicable Disease (CASPIAN) study. Detailed questionnaires on demographic, socioeconomic, dietary, and health-related information of the participants were filled by one of the parents under supervision of trained health-care workers. Trained healthcare professionals measured anthropometric indices, blood pressures according to standard protocols. Fasting venous blood was examined for fasting blood sugar and lipid profile. Results: Overall 882 serum samples were suitable for testing. H. pylori antibody was found in 643 serum samples (72.9%). Among cardiometabolic risk factors, only the mean weight of participants was different between two groups (44.6±11.8 in H. pylori positive and 42.8±11.3 in H. pylori negative group; p=0.04). Overall, 5.1% of adolescents with positive H. pylori tests were overweight or obese, while 1.7% of negative ones were so (p=0.02). In the multivariate regression model, H. pyloriseropositivity increased the risk of overweight (OR, 3.3; 95%CI, 1.2-9.3; p= 0.03). In the multivariate model, association of other cardiometabolic risk factors with H. pylori infection was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Results of present study showed that H. pylori infection was associated with excess weight in adolescents. H. pylori eradication may be decrease the risk of obesity.

Association between different contexts of physical activity and abdominal obesity and excess weight in adolescents.

Abstract Aim: To investigate the association between different contexts of physical activity (school commuting, participation in Physical Education classes, school recess, physical activity to improve muscular strength / endurance and overall physical activity) with abdominal obesity and excess weight in adolescents. Method: Cross-sectional study with 1,132 adolescents (14-19 years), enrolled in public schools in Sao Jose, Brazil. Information regarding the contexts of physical activity was obtained through questionnaires. The anthropometric indicators used to identify excess weight and abdominal obesity were body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Adolescents who actively commuted to school for 10 minutes or longer were 36% less likely (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.58 a 0.71) of having abdominal obesity investigated by WC and 25% less likely (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.65 a 0.86) of having excess weight investigated by means of BMI. The other physical activity contexts were not associated with anthropometric indicators. Conclusion: Active commuting to school was associated with lower odds of having abdominal obesity and excess weight in adolescents. Thus, active commuting to school can be an alternative for maintaining adequate levels of body composition.

Consumption of minimally processed food is inversely associated with excess weight in adolescents living in an underdeveloped city.

BackgroundThe consumption of ultra-processed foods may be associated with the development of chronic diseases, both in adults and in children/adolescents. This consumption is growing worldwide, especially in low and middle-income countries. Nevertheless, its magnitude in small, poor cities from the countryside is not well characterized, especially in adolescents. This study aimed to assess the consumption of minimally processed, processed and ultra-processed foods by adolescents from a poor Brazilian city and to determine if it was associated with excess weight, high waist circumference and high blood pressure.MethodsCross-sectional study, conducted at a public federal school that offers technical education together with high school, located in the city of Murici. Adolescents of both sexes and aged between 14–19 years old were included. Anthropometric characteristics (weight, height, waist circumference), blood pressure, and dietary intake data were assessed. Associations were calculated using Poisson regression models, adjusted by sex and age.ResultsAt total, 249 adolescents were included, being 55.8% girls, with a mean age of 16 years-old. The consumption of minimally processed foods was inversely associated with excess weight (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio: 0.61, 95% Confidence Interval: [0.39–0.96], P = 0.03). Although the consumption of ultra-processed foods was not associated with excess weight, high blood pressure and high waist circumference, 46.2% of the sample reported eating these products more than weekly.ConclusionConsumption of minimally processed food is inversely associated with excess weight in adolescents. Investments in nutritional education aiming the prevention of chronic diseases associated with the consumption of these foods are necessary.

Evaluation of the predictive capacity of vertical segmental tetrapolar bioimpedance for excess weight detection in adolescents

ObjectiveTo analyze the predictive capacity of the vertical segmental tetrapolar bioimpedance apparatus in the detection of excess weight in adolescents, using tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance as a reference. MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study conducted with 411 students aged between 10 and 14 years, of both genders, enrolled in public and private schools, selected by a simple and stratified random sampling process according to the gender, age, and proportion in each institution. The sample was evaluated by the anthropometric method and underwent a body composition analysis using vertical bipolar, horizontal tetrapolar, and vertical segmental tetrapolar assessment. The ROC curve was constructed based on calculations of sensitivity and specificity for each point of the different possible measurements of body fat. The statistical analysis used Student's t‐test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and McNemar's chi‐squared test. Subsequently, the variables were interpreted using SPSS software, version 17.0. ResultsOf the total sample, 53.7% were girls and 46.3%, boys. Of the total, 20% and 12.5% had overweight and obesity, respectively. The body segment measurement charts showed high values of sensitivity and specificity and high areas under the ROC curve, ranging from 0.83 to 0.95 for girls and 0.92 to 0.98 for boys, suggesting a slightly higher performance for the male gender. Body fat percentage was the most efficient criterion to detect overweight, while the trunk segmental fat was the least accurate indicator. ConclusionThe apparatus demonstrated good performance to predict excess weight.