Example Of Death Research Articles

Пример смерти больного от генерализованного туберкулезного процесса на поздней стадии виЧ-инфекции

Пример смерти больного от генерализованного туберкулезного процесса на поздней стадии виЧ-инфекции

Adrian Curtin. Death in Modern Theatre: Stages of Mortality.

This study analyses modern theatre work that complicates conceptions of death and dying through disruptive yet compelling choices in form and content. Curtin traces notable examples of death, staged in historical, social, and personal terms, through which audiences may be prepared for, and engaged in, reflections on human mortality, perception, and ethics.

Medication persistence rates and predictive factors for discontinuation of antifibrotic agents in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a real-world observational study.

Background:In patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), continuing treatment with antifibrotic agents is crucial to decrease the reduction of forced vital capacity and mortality rate. However, predictive factors for the discontinuation of antifibrotic agents are unknown. This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics and predictive factors for the discontinuation of antifibrotic agents in patients with IPF.Methods:This was a double-center retrospective study that enrolled patients with IPF treated with pirfenidone or nintedanib between 2009 and 2017. We compared clinical parameters between the medication-continuing group and the discontinued group. The predictive factors were determined using Cox proportional hazards analyses.Results:A total of 66 subjects were included: 43 received pirfenidone and 23 received nintedanib. At 1 year, 23 of 66 patients had discontinued due to adverse events (n = 12), disease progression (n = 9), or death (n = 2). The characteristics of the discontinuation group were poor performance status (PS) and delay from diagnosis to treatment. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis associated with the discontinuation of antifibrotic agents, PS was the highest area under the ROC curve (AUC) value (cut-off value, 2; AUC, 0.83; specificity, 63%; sensitivity, 87%). This finding was consistent even when analyzing, except for examples of death and adjusting for the type of antifibrotic agent. The treatment persistence rate by PS was PS 0–1 = 90%, PS 2 = 65%, and PS 3 = 19%. Analysis of the relationship between PS and administration period of antifibrotic agents revealed that delays from diagnosis to treatment led to worsening of dyspnea, a decline in lung function, and deterioration of PS.Conclusions:PS may be informative for predicting discontinuation of medication. Our data reinforced the importance of early initiation of antifibrotic treatment, and we suggest PS should be used as a guide for starting antifibrotic agents in everyday practice. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplementary material section.

When popular culture phenomena provide experimental grounds for science: The example of death’s perception, bereavement and mourning

Abstract

REVIEW THE CASES OF DEATH FORM ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK BECAUSE OF THE STINGS OF INSECTS

The article highlights clinical and patomorphological feature manifestation of anaphylactic shock illustrating examples of deaths the stings of insects.

Fitness, Well-Being, and Preparation for Death

Many of the messages we receive about fitness can undermine well-being and promote bodily dissatisfaction and intersectional injustice. To address this, I argue in this essay that we should broaden the goals of fitness to include preparation for life events such as aging, disability, reproduction, and death. Using the example of death, I show how sport and exercise can prepare us physically and psychologically for dying with greater meaning and equanimity—and, in the process, support greater well-being in life. Such preparation can also strengthen our resistance to sources of bodily dissatisfaction, personal unhappiness, and intersectional injustice in fitness and health related contexts.

In response to: Chan Z.C.Y. (2010) Reading plays to learn qualitative data analysis: the example of Death of a Salesman. Journal of Advanced Nursing 66(2), 475–476.

In response to: Chan Z.C.Y. (2010) Reading plays to learn qualitative data analysis: the example of Death of a Salesman. <i>Journal of Advanced Nursing</i> 66(2), 475–476.

Bereavement: An Incomplete Rite of Passage

A bereavement ritual observed during anthropological fieldwork in Peru gives basis to this article which asserts that bereavement has become an incomplete rite of passage. The article reviews the role of ritual and rites of passage, examines other anthropologic examples of death and bereavement rituals, and identifies the lack of post-funeral ritual for many bereaved individuals in the United States. While funerary rituals which end with the funeral and burial of the dead are helpful in providing immediate structure for the bereaved, they are not congruent with the long-term emotional needs and reconstruction of meaning within grief. The author acknowledges value of both private ritual and reunions of the community of mourners, and recommends that bereavement counselors and/or the funeral industry offer to help bereaved construct a "ritual of remembrance and new meaning" after time has allowed them to move along in meaning reconstruction processes of making sense, finding benefits, and identity change.

The Obituary of a Face: Lucy Grealy, Death Writing and Posthumous Harm

On 12 December 2002, the New York Times published an obituary of Lucy Grealy: `Lucy Grealy, 39, who wrote a memoir on her disfigurement’. Without saying so directly, the obituary implied that Grealy committed suicide because of continued, or increasing, unhappiness about her disfigurement. It is hard to imagine an obituarymore at odds with the book that made her famous (and thus earned her a New York Times obituary), The autobiography of a face. In her memoir Grealy chronicles a lifelong struggle to accept her face. Christopher Lehmann-Haupt’s obituary reconstructs her life in terms of the tritest script of disability ± that of triumph over adversity ± and then characterizes its ending as a tragic reversal of that presumed triumph. Although it is rarely discussed as a significant form of life writing, the obituary is probably the genre most familiar to and most commonly consumed by the public. As such it is worthy of attention, and its implications are perhaps most interesting when it both depends on, and departs from, the self-written life of its subject, as this one does. Joel Feinberg’s theory of posthumous harm holds that, although it may be impossible (in some sense) to harm the dead since the dead are no longer persons=subjects, it is possible to harm their surviving interests. If one accepts Feinberg’s argument, then Lucy Grealy’s obituary can be seen as a particularly ironic example of death writing inflicting posthumous harm on its subject.

Disturbance to mangroves in tropical-arid Western Australia: hypersalinity and restricted tidal exchange as factors leading to mortality

Disturbances to mangroves in the arid Dampier–Cossack region of Western Australia are described. Of the 70 km2 of mangals surveyed, 12 km2 are now dead, over 95% of this following permanent ponding of seawater within a salt evaporator. Other examples of death and morbidity are related to altered tidal exchange from road construction and asphyxiation from dumping of dredge-spoil. Changes in soil properties under variable tidal wetting at landward, hypersaline sites show that tidal recharge has most influence on the upper layer of the soil profile where groundwater salinity is diluted temporarily during inundation. Two factors are implicated in mass mortality of mangroves associated with roads: intermittent ponding of seawater which submerges pneumatophore roots for days rather than hours and diminished tidal recharge which increases soil salinity beyond the upper concentration (90‰) associated with living mangroves in this region.

Health Care for Families: Models of Collaboration between Family Therapists and Family Physicians

In this paper, the authors identify advantages and challenges of collaborative relationships between family therapists and family physicians. The example of death of a family member is used as a prototype of many family events in which collaborative work maybe helpful to families and welcomed by practitioners. Three models of collaboration are presented and exemplified with clinical cases focusing on family loss. The conceptual differences in clinical approaches of family therapists and physicians are discussed as challenges for those who initiate collaborative arrangements.

Mortality from pesticides in the United States in 1973 and 1974

All 1973 and 1974 death certificates in six main categories in which accidental deaths associated with pesticides have been reported were reviewed. For each death in which a pesticide was not definitely excluded by the cause stated on the certificate, a letter was written to the signer of the certificate, to the hospital where the death occurred, or to both. Most accidental deaths from pesticides were classified properly, but some were reported in categories other than the one (E865) specifically established for this class of poisons. A few deaths probably unrelated to poisoning were attributed to pesticides. Some apparent suicides and murders carried out with pesticides were listed as accidents. As in the past, most poisonings in 1973 and 1974 were nonoccupational and involved gross carelessness; a disproportionate number involved males and nonwhites. However, the number of accidental deaths associated with pesticides was greatly reduced. In 1961 and earlier, there were 100 or more such deaths per year in the United States, but the numbers reported in Category E865 were 56 in 1969, 32 in 1973, and 35 in 1974. Counting all categories, the numbers judged to be clear-cut accidents were 97, 62, 45, and 33 in 1961, 1969, 1973, and 1974, respectively. The reduction of deaths from pesticides was accompanied by a reduction in the proportion involving children and an increase in the proportion from very small towns and rural areas. No new example of death caused by an aerosol without wilful misuse was found.

Historical Effects of Abdominal Injuries.

The title of this book gives the unsuspecting reader no inkling of what lies in wait for him when he explores the pages of this interesting and diverting little book. Since so many, perhaps the majority of abdominal injuries are the result of man's tendency to settle his differences with an opponent by resorting to violence, the author describes many examples of death by violence beginning with Homer's account of the death of Polydoros at the hands of Achilles and concluding with the assassination of President Kennedy by Lee Harvey Oswald who was subsequently shot in the abdomen by Jack Ruby. The assassinations of Col James Fisk, Jr., President James A. Garfield, President William McKinley, and Senator Huey Long are described with pertinent medical data. This story of violent death beginning in ancient Greece when arrows and swords were the chief weapons is followed through the Middle Ages with their

Aortic disease with valvular insufficiency as the principal manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Three examples of death due to noninfectious aortic insufficiency in a series of 52 patients who had systemic lupus erythematosus are described. Aortic-wall disease was also present. Marked valve-leaflet thinning and central perforations were seen without verrucous endocarditis in two patients at autopsy.

Lethal Effects of Tannic Acid in the Barium Enema

The addition of tannic acid to barium sulfate suspensions employed in the roentgenographic examination of the colon has been recommended by a number of authors (1, 5, 7, 12, 16) and its use is widespread. The rationale is based on the following considerations: Tannic acid as an astringent stimulates contracture of the colon, inhibits the secretion of mucin, and causes precipitation of the protein of the superficial layers of the mucosa. It also makes barium sulfate adhere to the bowel wall (5, 7, 16) and is said to inhibit absorption of substances from the colon (16). The concentration of tannic acid recommended for use in barium enema examinations varies between 0.25 and 3.0 per cent (16). A variety of tannic acids are found in nature. They are water-soluble polymers of various hydroxybenzoic acids (10). Tannic acid in the form of baths, dressings, or jellies was utilized in the treatment of cutaneous burns for almost twenty years before its use was abandoned. Clinical evidence of its hepatotoxicity accumulated rapidly. This was confirmed in experimental animals (2–4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 18). Albino rats given varying amounts of the substance showed microscopic changes of hepatocellular damage that could be correlated with the total amount of tannic acid solution injected subcutaneously (2, 18). The other organs were not specifically damaged. A patient at the St. Louis Children's Hospital died with acute hepatic failure, and a search for possible hepatotoxic agents uncovered only the tannic acid added to the barium sulfate suspension used in the roentgen examination of the colon and in the preparatory enemas for that examination. Tannic acid was demonstrated in the liver of this patient. We were unable to discover either experimental data on the absorption of tannic acid from the colon and terminal ileum or reports of fatalities or serious complications associated with its use in the gastrointestinal tract. This case is reported as an example of death due to liver failure as a result of the absorption of tannic acid from the intact bowel, together with 2 other cases with hepatic necrosis found in a review of sudden, unexplained deaths after the performance of a colon examination. These deaths occurred over a twelve-month span. In addition, experimental studies undertaken to confirm the absorption of tannic acid from the colon and to show its effect on the liver will be presented. Case Reports Case 1. Clinical Course: A 10-year-old white male was admitted to the St. Louis Children's Hospital because of abdominal cramping associated with urgency and fecal incontinence of several months duration. The patient had been seen previously in the Outpatient Department for bouts of intermittent diarrhea. A stool examination four months prior to admission showed the presence of ova and adult forms of Ascaris. The stool examination with the guaiac reagent was negative.

MONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA, AN UNCOMMON CAUSE OF RENAL FAILURE

Excerpt Most causes of renal failure are easily recognized. However, the record of the patient reported here presents an example of death due to renal insufficiency, the mechanism of which was not ...