Example Of Polish Research Articles

Business Entrepreneur and Social Entrepreneur Attitudes on the Example of Polish and Ukrainian Students

Business Entrepreneur and Social Entrepreneur Attitudes on the Example of Polish and Ukrainian Students

The Absurd – an Instrument of Paidocracy. Selected Aspects of Absurdity as a Feature of Children’s Literature in the Polish Context

The article discusses the phenomenon of the absurd as one of the most characteristic and typicalfeatures of children’s literature, on the example of Polish works for young readers. Within the framework of prolegomena for the postulated more profound research, it outlines several literary versionsof paidocratic absurdity, understood here as founded on humor, nonsense, and carnivalizationstrategies. The way of defi ning the absurd by Polish researchers of children’s literature is comparedwith the uses of this concept in logic, linguistics, theory of literature, and philosophy. The analysisfocuses on three aspects of absurdity in Polish children’s literature: poetry, the anti-pedagogicaltrend, and the travesty of canonical fairy tales.

Zdemaskować niedostrzegalne przykłady manipulacji w polskich i zagranicznych filmach fabularnych oraz serialach telewizyjnych

The article presents examples of media manipulation on the example of Polish and foreign cinematographic works. It points out significant inaccuracies in film adaptations of famous literary works, distortions in historical films and minor details affecting the content of the images. The publication emphasizes the need for permanent media education.

Role of Values in Decision-Making for National Development Planning (a study in light of legal orders in Poland and Norway)

The issues discussed in this paper relate to the axiological justification of planning decisions as part of development policy pursued by public authority bodies, using the example of Polish and Norwegian planning systems. This study derived from the premise that the contemporary model of planning for socio-economic development is crucially significant in terms of organizing the activities of public administration that aim to meet socio-economic needs. In addition to values, the article also identifies legal institutions through which the values in question may be integrated in planning decisions for the development pursued with public participation.

Preferences of Generation Z at the beginning of professional careers on the example of Polish and Croatian students

Preferences of Generation Z at the beginning of professional careers on the example of Polish and Croatian students

Imiesłów przysłówkowy czynny in Polish and its Croatian Translation Equivalents

Polish and Croatian inherited some of the participles from the Old Slavonic language, significantly narrowing their number and simplifying their forms. Their development was different, due to the peculiarities of each language system. One of them, participium praesentis activi (Pol. imiesłów czasu teraźniejszego czynny, Cro. glagolski prilog sadašnji aktivni / aktivni particip prezenta) developed in Polish into two separate (morphologically, syntactically and semantically different) verb forms: invariable imiesłów przysłówkowy współczesny with the suffix –ąc and the variable imiesłów przymiotnikowy czynny with the suffixes –ący for the masculine gender, –ąca for the feminine gender and –ące for the middle gender. While the first of them has its unambiguous equivalent in the Croatian language, glagolski prilog sadašnji with the suffix –ći, the second forces the translator to find some other solutions. Among them are various transformations at the formal level aimed at conveying the content of the original text. The paper examines translation equivalents on the example of contemporary Polish and Croatian prose (see Literature) in such a way that constructions in the original language are opposed their equivalent structures in another language and their formal and semantic properties are described.

A HUNDRED YEARS OF RESEARCH ON THE 18TH‑CENTURY THEATRE IN POLAND AND FRANCE

Among the modern researchers conducting studies on the 18th century, there is a widespread belief that research on Polish theatre of that era did not develop until the turn of the 1950s and 1960s. It is only part of the truth. The apogee of theatrical research coincided with those years, resulting from the 200th anniversary of the National Theatre, which was widely promoted by the authorities. However, the first diagnoses of Polish theatre scientists dealing with the 18th century are much earlier. Suffice it to recall Ludwik Bernacki’s monumental work, “Theatre, Drama and Music under Stanislaw August”, which the researcher published in Lviv in 1925. Bernacki’s research was closely related to the work of French theatre scientists, who conducted research on the scene and drama of the 18th century before the First World War. This article analyses and chronologically presents the last century of theatrical research and its methodological changes on the example of Polish and French history of 18th-century theatre.

Identification of Areas of Corporate Social Responsibility Based on the Example of Polish and German Seaports in the Baltic Sea Region

Identification of Areas of Corporate Social Responsibility Based on the Example of Polish and German Seaports in the Baltic Sea Region

Interdisciplinary Aspects of Multivariate Models of Human Capital among IT Professionals

The publications concern business competencies, organizational ethics, job, and life satisfaction among IT professionals, as well as models of relations between these factors in information and IT systems. The results contributed to the development of science in the field of psycho-social aspects of innovation, organizational potential, and organizational ethics. It focused on micro and small enterprises. The Author studied these selected issues on the example of Polish, German and Indian companies. The Author's contribution is part of a stream of research on human capital, as well as non-material dimensions of motivation systems, such as job satisfaction, belief in the quality of life, work-life balance. Important dimensions of the conducted research were also considerations in the field of intellectual capital, in particular on the predispositions to make innovations, ethical competences, or the ability to communicate and theory of mind. These aspects were examined taking into account the IT dimension and competence to use IT systems. The series of publications contribute to the development of research methods, because Jolanta presented her approach based on passive experiments, proposing methods for selecting the sample and verifying its representativeness. The concepts developed were included in the work, which also resulted in computer software. They also make a very useful contribution to the development of those qualitative methods where the concept of representativeness is used and applied. Although, of course, it is difficult to assume that the presented research exhausts the topic, the author was able to make reliable considerations and analyze these important issues.

The problematic of translation of legal texts

This article explores the translation of legal texts, as it is usually fraught with a variety of challenges of linguistic and extralinguistic nature. The translator must have a strong command of linguistics, translation skills and profound knowledge of national and international criminal-procedural of civil-procedural law.  Focus is made on the one hand on determination of typology of general linguistic and translation problems pertaining to legal documents, and on the other – on identification of peculiarities of these problems depending on qualification of a specialist doing legal translation. The main characteristics of legal texts are viewed from the perspective of applied comparative legal science. Interdisciplinary approach towards research in the area of legal translation is a logical solution for the analysis of emerging problems. The article demonstrates some mistakes in translation of legal terms on the example of English, Polish, and Italian languages. The author comes to the conclusion that for a translator without the background of legal practice it is difficult to do the translation of legal texts; as well as submits a proposal on comprising methodological recommendations.

LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL SEMANTIC PECULIARITIES OF METROLOGICAL PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH COMPONENTS-NAMES OF VOLUME, CAPACITY AND WEIGHT OF FRIABLE BODIES AND LIQUIDS IN ENGLISH, GERMAN, POLISH AND UKRAINIAN LANGUAGES

The article is devoted to the description of linguistic and cultural characteristics of semantics of metrological phraseological units (MPU) with components-names of volume, capacity and weight of friable bodies and fluids sieve / sifter, bushel, pound, pot on the example of English, German, Polish and Ukrainian languages.

THE USE OF MAAS SERVICES – AN EXAMPLE OF THE POLISH Y GENERATION

THE USE OF MAAS SERVICES – AN EXAMPLE OF THE POLISH Y GENERATION

The process of climate change in mass media discourse using the example of Polish and international editions of "Newsweek" magazine.

The main objective of the article is to conduct a critical media discourse analysis as presented in the Polish and international editions of the "Newsweek" magazine in the years 2001-2006 and 2012-2016; the subject of which was climate change. The introduction provides the definitions of the key terms, such as: the greenhouse effect and critical discourse analysis (CDA). The theoretical part presents the most important assumptions of the CDA and presents a characteristic of the weekly. The results of the conducted quantitative and qualitative analysis partially lead to varying conclusions. Based on the CDA, the hypothesis was assumed that more attention was provided to climate change in the international (English) edition of "Newsweek", than in the Polish-language edition. Rejected in turn was the hypothesis, according to which, more importance to climate change and their repercussions was provided in the discourse within the last 5years of publication of the weekly than in the discourse from the years 2001-2006. As a result of comparison of both discourses, the disturbing fact that media discourse did not present and encourage among the readers an active stance in favour of the climate was noticed. It is the task of this influential weekly, the message of which reaches many people, not only to provide knowledge and shape specific values or view, but also to encourage and popularise attitudes in favour of the climate. If man wants to continue to live on earth, then one of their goals is to modify the form of discourse by entities responsible for its form.

Innovations in shaping the residential and retail buildings. Functional and pro-environmental potential of shipping containers in architecture

Shipping containers are currently one of the innovative trends of shaping architectural objects. They are used to build portable and permanently set in the ground residential and public buildings. Realization with the use of shipping containers appear all over the world, i.a. single- and multifamily houses in the Netherlands, Spain, Denmark and France, the bus station in the Netherlands, the art gallery in Tokyo. Particularly, many realization with the use of shipping containers relate to housing environment due to ease of transport, speed of installation and assembly, shorten the construction time and pro-environmental potential. In contrary, conventional housing is responsible for ¼ forest logging area, absorbs 1/6 of fresh water resources and consumes 2/5 of liquid fuels and materials. The respect for the environment in the aspect of the global direction of shaping residential and retail buildings is particularly important. This paper focuses on pro-environmental, usably and economical aspects of architectural objects with the use of shipping containers on the example of Polish and world-wide realization.

Personality and the body composition of athletes using the example of the Polish national youth female wrestling team

Introduction. A positive relationship is recognised in literature between strength and body weight. On that basis a division into weight categories has been introduced in many combat sports. Nutritional behaviours are influenced by a number of factors that indirectly affect body weight. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between personality and the body composition of athletes using the example of the Polish national youth female wrestling team. Material and methods. The study consisted in the performance of a personality evaluation using the NEO-FFI questionnaire and a body composition analysis using a TANITA BC-418 analyser. 15 athletes from the Polish national youth female wrestling team aged (20.26 ± 1.43 years) participated in the study. Results. The study showed a lack of relationship between personality and body composition in members of the national wrestling team. Conclusions. Research points to a relationship between nutritional behaviours and satisfying not only the physiological, but also psychological needs of the body. A thorough investigation of this mechanism and of the possibility of its application may be very helpful, especially for combat sport athletes. The ability to optimise body weight, without the necessity of ensuring its fast reduction during the pre-start period, may have a significant impact on a person’s results.

‘Slow’ Revitalization on Regional Scale, the Example of an Integrated Investment Project

The study arose from question about the future of towns, as well as the possibility of their development. The paper is an attempt to look at the direction in which many towns around the world aim, connecting to a networks, and especially the network of Cittaslow. The author asked a few questions - whether the Cittaslow network actually helps towns to use their inner potential, build their brand and improve the quality of residents’ lifes? The starting point for the case study method adopted in the paper is a discussion of examples of urban networks as a background for a wider Cittaslow characteristic. For this purpose, there was conducted literature and in situ research on the Cittaslow towns, the query of documents related to Polish Cittaslow, own photographic documentation was collected and a series of talks were carried out in different offices and municipalities. The database constructed in this way, allowed the analysis and conclusions. An important part of the research was the synthesis of information on the integrated project which has been taken in 14 Polish Slow Cities. “The Cross-Local Programme of Revitalization of Cittaslow Town Network in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship” is a unique action on the scale of the entire international Cittaslow network. Each of the participating towns tried to exploit through revitalization its own unique potential for real growth and improve the quality of life of its residents. Through the joint action, even the smallest town could more easily obtain significant funding. The involvement of regional government and understanding of the idea was also crucial. Cittaslow network, although not perfect, may in the long term strengthen linkages and exchange of experience between the slow towns and not lead to their unification. Furthermore, as shown by the example of Polish “The Cross-Local Programme of Revitalization of Cittaslow Town Network in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship”, belonging to the Cittaslow network could help to raise funds for the implementation of a comprehensive revitalization, as well as to integrate revitalization projects in the whole region. Joint venture naturally consolidated these slow towns in the Warmia-Mazury region and facilitated to operate efficiently in the network, as well as to undertake other common "hard" measures. As a result, obtained effect of revitalization is likely to be a more coherent and holistic.

Analiza i ocena skuteczności realizacji dochodów podatkowych z VAT w Polsce w okresie od stycznia 2005 r. do kwietnia 2017 r.

The article provides some insight into expenditure in the field of internal security in the state budget based on the example of Polish and French experience with a focus on effectiveness of expenditure in the periods of eight and ten years, respectively. The choice of the research subject was based on the assumption that the policy for maintaining public order and security should be implemented in a similar way in democratic countries, which creates more opportunities for comparison. The analysis of the sample of expenditure is to demonstrate whether consistency was maintained in the implementation of activities. For each country, a different test period was adopted, resulting from the introduction of activity-based budget. Thus, in France, the analysis begins in 2006 and in Poland in 2008.

Planowanie wieloletnie w zakresie wydatków na bezpieczeństwo wewnętrzne – doświadczenia Polski i Francji na wybranych przykładach

The article provides some insight into expenditure in the field of internal security in the state budget based on the example of Polish and French experience with a focus on effectiveness of expenditure in the periods of eight and ten years, respectively. The choice of the research subject was based on the assumption that the policy for maintaining public order and security should be implemented in a similar way in democratic countries, which creates more opportunities for comparison. The analysis of the sample of expenditure is to demonstrate whether consistency was maintained in the implementation of activities. For each country, a different test period was adopted, resulting from the introduction of activity-based budget. Thus, in France, the analysis begins in 2006 and in Poland in 2008.

Prédicats en tant qu’expressions des relations du concept ? Étude des termes juridiques polonais et français du ‘mariage’

The method of analysis proposed in the article is based on realistic metaphysics. The ontological structure (conceptual representation of reality) is developed on the basis of specialists’ knowledge and related to the meaning of the term. The tool for expressing conceptual components in a language are predicates that receive the status of a term in the specialized text. On the example of Polish and French terms of the same concept ‘marriage’ in the Code of Canon Law (1983), the author shows that noun and verbal predicates express different aspects of the concept (profiles), are related to cause and effect relations and form a coherent whole. The analysis of parallel bilingual texts shows that Polish and French terms have different predicates (ways of naming conceptual components). Differences also appear at the level of the text, which corresponds to stylistic standards. This combination of conceptual analysis levels with the lexical and syntactic layers of the discourse also gives tips for more precise elaboration of linguistic facts in computer linguistics.

Wyzwania dla współczesnej praktyki przygotowania do bierzmowania na przykładzie doświadczeń Polski i Niemiec

Analiza współczesnego praktycznego przygotowania do sakramentu bierzmowania w Polsce i Niemczech pozwala nam nie tylko zdiagnozować obecną sytuację w obu krajach, ale także odkryć zmiany, które mają być wdrożone. Biorąc pod uwagę trudności pracy duszpasterskiej związanej z przygotowaniem do sakramentu bierzmowania, cele edukacji religijnej bierzmowanych powinny być jasno zdefiniowane. Wydaje się bardziej precyzyjne, aby mówić o „drodze” do bierzmowania, co oznacza proces, w którym młody człowiek uczestniczy nie tylko przed, ale również po otrzymaniu sakramentu. Głównym wyzwaniem dla obecnej praktyki przygotowania do sakramentu bierzmowania są dwa wymiary. Pierwszym z nich jest rozbieżność oczekiwań wspólnoty parafialnej Kościoła (parafii) wraz z oczekiwaniami młodzieży, z drugiej zaś strony niejednorodność grupy zaangażowanej w proces przygotowania do bierzmowania. Odpowiedzią powinna być poprawa proporcji pomiędzy jednolitym i zróżnicowanym przygotowaniem do sakramentu, stosując właściwą rozmowę wraz z odpowiednim doborem ludzi, którzy towarzyszą młodym na tym etapie ich życia. Wszystkie te działania powinny być podejmowane nie tylko w celu przygotowania młodzieży do sakramentu, ale również by zainicjować ich życie wewnętrzne. Niezbędnym jest, aby podkreślić element ewangelizacji w „drodze do bierzmowania”, a także korzystanie z zasad opracowanych przez katechumenat.