Examination Of Pregnant Women Research Articles

Double umbilical artery converging into a single umbilical artery: A case report.

The normal structure and Doppler parameters of the umbilical cord are closely related to many diseases, including fetal infection, chromosomal abnormalities, hypoxia, and growth and development restrictions. We report a case of bilateral umbilical artery confluence resulting in the formation of a single umbilical artery in the free segment of the fetal umbilical cord, diagnosed at 24 weeks and 4 days gestation. The fetus was born prematurely after premature membrane rupture at 31 weeks and 3 days gestation. The Toxoplasma, Others, Rubellavirus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpesvirus test showed positive results for Toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, and herpes simplex virus IgG antibodies. A 36-year-old woman had vaginal discharge for > 1 hour at 31 weeks + 3 days gestation and came to our obstetrics department for treatment. The pregnant woman sought treatment due to premature membrane rupture and vaginal discharge for > 1 hour. The vaginal discharge was caused by Escherichia coli. After cesarean section, the Toxoplasma, Others, Rubellavirus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpesvirus test revealed positive results for the following: T gondii, rubella virus, and herpes simplex virus IgG antibodies. The patient underwent 2 ultrasound examinations and was diagnosed with umbilical artery malformation (the free segment of the umbilical cord on the fetal side converged into a single umbilical artery), which may have been related to fetal infection. The patient received anti-inflammatory and fetal lung maturation treatment for 2 days before undergoing a cesarean section. The mother and newborn received anti-inflammatory, symptomatic, and supportive treatment and were discharged after 1 week of improvement. After 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year of follow-up after birth, the growth and development of the infant (height and weight) were significantly lower than those of her peers, and her responses to sound and light were slightly delayed. Umbilical artery malformation is extremely rare and may be related to intrauterine parasitic and viral infections. Ultrasound has the advantages of being noninvasive and cost-effective and can be used to dynamically observe umbilical artery structure. An abnormal change in umbilical artery structure found during ultrasound examination can indicate intrauterine infection risk, which provides clinical guidance for further examination of pregnant women, early diagnosis, timely targeted treatment, and fetal prognosis improvement.

Clinicopathological Insights to the Nerve Growth Factor NGF Associated Stress Response in Pregnancy and Therapeutic Potential in Fetal Neurodevelopment

The nerve growth factor has a significant role in fetal neurogenesis and sustaining pregnancy. Objectives: To investigate the effects of nerve growth factor in stress response during pregnancy on developing fetus to bring clinicopathological correlation on the role of nerve growth factor in maternal stress markers (cortisol levels, glucocorticoids, depression, anxiety, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels) and fetal brain development. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, this study was extracted from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Nature, and Google Scholar articles from January 2014 to April 2024. The examination of pregnant women in published research gave a possibility to understand the application of nerve growth factor as a suitable biomarker for brain stress and fetal neuronal development. To exclude studies with lower ranks, each of the selected studies was assessed for adherence to evidence-based research methodology. The studies were taken from China, Europe, America and South Asia (including Pakistan). Results: Increased nerve growth factor levels were associated with maternal stress reactions which caused changes in cortisol levels and the amygdaloidal complex area. However, the increased nerve growth factor level was linked to changes in the fetal brain such as the weight of the fetal brain and stress biomarkers in the amniotic fluid sample inferring a critical role in the modulation of maternal stress on the fetal neurodevelopmental spheres. Conclusions: It was concluded that it is important to note how stress and nerve growth factors interact during pregnancy to create effective interventions to reduce stress dependence for the better health of both the mother and child.

Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap, Dan Peran Tenaga Kesehatan Terhadap Pemeriksaan Tripel Eliminasi Pada Ibu Hamil Di Puskesmas Satu Ulu Palembang Tahun 2023

According to WHO data, pregnant women are one of the populations at risk of contracting the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Syphilis and Hepatitis B. The risk of transmission from mother to child for HIV/AIDS is 20% -45%, for syphilis is 69-80%. , and for Hepatitis B is more than 90%. One of the efforts to achieve better health for women is through the Triple Elimination examination, a program aimed at achieving and maintaining mother-to-child elimination of HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis B, and Syphilis. The aim of the researchers was to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and the role of health workers on the triple elimination examination of pregnant women at the Satu Ulu Health Center. Analytical Survey Design with a Cross Sectional approach. The population in this study were all pregnant women who made their first visit to the Satu Ulu Health Center, totaling 40 people. The sampling technique in this study used Accidental Sampling. The data collection technique in this study was to use primary data by using questionnaires. Data analysis used univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the Chi Square test. The results of univariate analysis revealed that from 40 respondents who carried out the Triple Elimination examination in pregnant women, there were 34 respondents (85.0%), respondents with good knowledge were 35 respondents (87.5%), respondents with a positive attitude were 34 respondents (85%), respondents 35 respondents (87.5%) received the role of good health workers. The results of the bivariate analysis found that there was a relationship between knowledge (p value = 0.018), attitude (p value = 0.033) and the role of health workers (p value = 0.018) towards the Triple Elimination examination in pregnant women at Satu Ulu Health Center. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and the role of health workers towards the Triple Elimination examination of pregnant women at Satu Ulu Health Center. It is hoped that the results of this study can increase information for pregnant women about the importance of the Triple Elimination examination so that they can prevent disease transmission (HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis B) from mother to child.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ROLE OF HEALTH WORKERS AND MOTIVATION FOR HIV/AIDS TESTING IN PREGNANT WOMEN

HIV infection in pregnant women can harm both mother and child and more than 90% of cases of children with HIV are transmitted from mother to child. Motivation related to HIV testing in pregnant women is still very low, seen from when health workers offer HIV tests to all pregnant women who are visiting Antenatal Care. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the role of health workers and the motivation for HIV/AIDS examination for pregnant women at the Campurejo Health Center, Mojoroto District, Kediri City in 2023. This type of research is quantitative using a crossectional design. By using the Simple Random Sampling sampling technique, the samples in this study were some pregnant women at the Campurejo Health Center, Mojoroto District, Kediri City amounting to 30 people. The data collection instrument in this study used a questionnaire sheet instrument. The research was conducted at the Campurejo Health Center, Mojoroto District, Kediri City. Bivariate analysis in this study used the spearman rho test. The results showed that almost half of the respondents who rated the role of health workers in the sufficient category were 14 respondents (46%), and some respondents had high motivation towards HIV/AIDS testing, namely 20 respondents (67%). The results of the statistical test of the correlation of Sperman Rho with a level of meaning p < 0.05 showed a relationship between the role of health workers and the motivation of pregnant women to be tested for HIV / AIDS at the Campurejo Health Center, Mojoroto District, Kediri City with p = 0.034 and r = 0.387. It is expected that health workers will always improve the quality of services providing counseling to clients, especially regarding HIV/AIDS examinations. Keywords: screening, HIV/AIDS, pregnant

Study Ocular Hemodynamics in Pregnant Women with Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Purpose. To study state of ocular hemodynamics in pregnant women with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism using color Doppler imaging. Patients and methods. 147 pregnant women were examined: 40 of them had type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), 87 had gestational diabetes (GD); in 20 — pregnancy proceeded physiologically. Examination of pregnant women with DM was carried out in each trimester and 3 months after delivery, pregnant women with GD and control groups — once in the third trimester. The parameters of hemodynamics in the central retinal artery (CRA) and in the short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs) were studied using color Doppler imaging. Results. It was found that the peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the CRA was significantly lower in the GD and DM groups, while PSV in the SPCAs and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) in the CRA were higher in the control group compared to the GD. In SPCAs, the resistive index (RI) was the highest in the DM group, and the lowest in the GD group. Conclusion. In patients with GD in the third trimester of pregnancy, there is a statistically significant decrease in PSV and EDV in the CRA and SPCAs, combined with a decrease in RI in SPCAs, compared with patients with a physiological course of pregnancy. In patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the third trimester of pregnancy, PSV and EDV in the CRA and SPCAs were significantly lower, and the pulsatility index (PI) and RI were significantly higher compared to pregnant women with DM without DR. In pregnant women with DR during gestation, there was a decrease in PSV and EDV against the background of an increase in RI and PI in the CRA and in the SPCAs. In pregnant women with DM and absence of DR during gestation, there was an increase in PSV, EDV and PI in the CRA and SPCAs from the first to the third trimesters. The revealed features of the state of hemodynamics in the CRA and SPCAs in pregnant women with DM with presence or absence of DR can become the basis for creating criteria for manifestation and progression of DR.

Bacterial vaginosis as a factor associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes

Bacterial vaginosis is the most common disease of the genitals and affects 20–70% of women. This non-inflammatory syndrome is characterized by dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota and is accompanied by a decrease in the number of lactobacilli. Bacterial vaginosis in 60% of pregnant women is asymptomatic, but can lead to obstetric complications such as late miscarriage, premature birth, fetal growth restriction, premature rupture of membranes, choriominionitis, postpartum endometritis, and sepsis. The clinical picture of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women is the same as in non-pregnant women, namely homogeneous whitish-gray discharge from the genital tract, often with an unpleasant “fishy” smell, rarely itching and/or burning in the genital area and urethra, as well as soreness during urination (dysuria), with no signs of an inflammation detected in the genitals. Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women, as well as in non-pregnant women, is based on the use of clinical and laboratory methods. Multiplex tests based on the nucleic acid amplification method, such as real-time polymerase chain reaction, are very popular for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis in this country. The Femoflor-16 Reagent Kit (DNA Technology CJSC, Moscow, Russia) is designed to detect the DNA of opportunistic microorganisms, lactobacilli DNA and human genomic DNA (as a control for taking biological material). Examination of pregnant women, especially in case of complaints of vaginal discharge, should be carried out when registering for pregnancy in order to start treatment early and prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes for the mother and fetus. Biofilms formed by microorganisms in bacterial vaginosis, especially G. vaginalis, limit the penetration of antibacterial agents to bacteria, their concentration being lower than therapeutic one, which leads to ineffective treatment. There remain many unexplored issues related to changes in the epidemiology of bacterial vaginosis, an increase in the frequency of relapses against the background of increasing resistance of microorganisms associated with bacterial vaginosis to antibiotics, and the development of agents that affect bacterial films.

Prevalence of Markers of Certain Blood-Borne Viral Infections in Pregnant Women and Their Partners in the Republic of Guinea

The aim of the work was to estimate the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV markers among pregnant women and their male partners in the Republic of Guinea.Materials and methods. The material of the study was blood plasma samples from 140 pregnant women living in Kindia prefecture and N’Zerekore prefecture, as well as 60 male partners who reported sexual contact with HIV-infected persons. The samples were examined for the presence of serological (HBsAg, HBeAg, antibodies anti-HBs IgG, anti-HBcore IgG, anti-HBe IgG, anti-HCV IgG, Ag/Ab-HIV) and molecular (HBV DNA, HCV RNA, HIV RNA) markers.Results and discussion. The age of the examined pregnant women ranged from 13 to 55 years and was on average (26.29±9.67) years. The age of men varied from 15 to 60 years, on average – (29.05±11.99) years. When assessing the prevalence of serological markers, antibodies to HCV were detected in 2.14 % cases in women and in 3.33 % cases in men. Antibodies to HIV were found in 6.43 % and 6.67 % women and men, respectively. Serological markers associated with HBV were detected in 80.71 % (HBsAg – 13.57 %) of women and 81.67 % (15 %) of men. In the pregnant women, HCV RNA was not detected, HIV RNA was revealed in 1 case, HBV DNA was identified in 26 cases (18.57 %), including 5 % HBsAg-negative hepatitis B cases. In the men group, HCV RNA and HIV RNA were detected in 3.33 % and 6.67 % cases, respectively. HBV DNA was determined in 16.67 % of men, including latent hepatitis B in one person. A significantly higher incidence of HIV in men compared to women is shown (χ2=3.907 at p<0.05). The relative risk of HIV infection in men is nine times higher than in women: RR=9.333; p=0.0291; 95 % CI: 1.065–81.815 %. Four out of five identified HIV infection cases were co-infected with HBV and/or HCV. There is an obvious need to introduce screening for HIV, HCV, HBV, including latent hepatitis B, into routine laboratory diagnostics during examination of pregnant women and their partners, followed by couples counseling and vaccination against hepatitis B virus.

Characteristic of Participants the Officers of the Hepatitis B Program for Pregnant Women at a Primary Health Care Central Medan City

Introduction: Viral hepatitis affects millions of individuals, and millions more are at risk. Most persons who were chronically infected with HBV or HCV long ago are unaware of it. They have a significant risk of suffering from severe chronic liver problems and may unintentionally spread the virus to others. Methods: The research methodology theory used in this study refers to deductive and inductive theory models. The study was conducted in Medan City. The analysis unit in this study is a health institution of the government in North Sumatra province (policymakers), the head of the hepatitis control programme, the, holder of the hepatitis control program of Health Office of Medan Municipal, and laboratory officer of the hepatitis B examination in pregnant women in Primary Health Care in Medan city. Results: From the results of the study, an overview of the characteristics of participants of the Hepatitis B program among in pregnant women was obtained. The following is an overview of the participants. Conclusion: Changing the officers frequently for this project is an obstacle in the follow-up of the control program for pregnant women. Mutations in the dedicated officer for pregnant women impact the process of re-recruiting new officers who require increased understanding and skills to carry out early detection, early alertness, and management activities for the implementation of early detection of Hepatitis B in pregnant women. The understanding and competence of new officers of the Hepatitis B program for pregnant women must be reinforced from the beginning through mentoring and skills training activities.

PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI GOOGLE FORM BAGI PETUGAS REKAM MEDIS UNTUK PELACAKAN ANTENATAL CARE TERHADAP WAKTU TUNGGU PELAYANAN RAWAT JALAN DI PUSKESMAS KEDUNG KANDANG KOTA MALANG

Storage of medical record files of pregnant women patients is carried out in the outpatient buildingwith a centralized storage system meaning that the outpatient and inpatient medical record files arestored together in the same storage area, while the examination of pregnant women is carried out in theinpatient building or emergency room which has a distance of about 100 meters to the north of theoutpatient street. This causes officers, namely doctors or midwives, to have difficulty getting oraccessing the patient's visit history plus the patient concerned does not bring identity or KIA book whenthere are pregnant women patients with old patient status visiting suddenly to the inpatient buildingat night. this research method uses quantitative methods The purpose of this study is to make it easierfor officers, in this case doctors or midwives, to be able to access pregnant women's patient history datausing the Google Form application. With this Google Form, officers can also minimize delays in serviceto patients because the medical record data of pregnant women patients can be accessed quickly viacellphones or laptops from officers in the MCH clinic. The benefits of using Google Form are not onlyfelt by patients through effective and efficient services, but will improve the quality of service from theKedungkandang Health Center because patients feel satisfied with the services provided. Systemquality (X1) has a positive effect on waiting time (Y). Based on the SPSS output table "Coefficients"above, it is known that the Significance value (Sig) of the system quality variable is 0.553. Because thevalue of Sig. 0.553> 0.05, it can be concluded that H1 is accepted and Ho is rejected. This means that thesignificant influence between system quality (X1) on waiting time (Y). system quality, informationquality, service quality simultaneously have a significant effect on waiting time Based on the SPSS"Anova" output table above, it is known that the Significance value (Sig) is 0.625>0.05, it can beconcluded that the hypothesis is rejected or in other words, system quality (X1), information quality(X2), and service quality (X3) simultaneously have a significant effect on waiting time (Y). systemquality, information quality.

Sosialisasi Sistem Informasi Pemantauan Kesehatan dan Status Gizi Ibu Hamil Cegah Stunting

Stunting is the condition of a toddler having a height that is less when compared to age. Stunting occurs due to malnutrition, especially during the first 1000 days of life. One way to prevent stunting is to fulfill nutrition and health services to pregnant women. At the examination of pregnant women, all examination results are recorded in the Maternal and Child Health book and the register book for pregnant women manually. This manual recording system can result in a slow search for the health history of pregnant women. In addition, there is a possibility that the KIA book is left at home. The purpose of this service activity is to contribute to the stunting reduction acceleration program by socializing the information system for monitoring the health and nutritional status of pregnant women for stunting prevention. The method of service using socialization begins with the introduction of the information system created and the implementation of trials. The results of this service activity are that the information system is considered very easy to use and the program can be used at Posyandu so that it can be integrated with the Primary Health Care.

Empowerment of PKK Mothers on Assisting Pregnant Women in Conducting Antenatal Care Visits

Antenatal Care (ANC) is a form of service provided by midwives to pregnant women with the aim that every pregnant woman gets integrated, comprehensive, quality services and provides counseling, information and education to mothers during pregnancy. Pregnancy examination in pregnant women is actually preventive and aims to detect early if there are abnormalities or diseases suffered by mothers during pregnancy so that midwives can intervene quickly and appropriately against these diseases and disorders and midwives can make referrals to more complete and adequate health facilities in accordance with the applicable referral system. Pregnancy check-up or antenatal care can also be a means for midwives to carry out health promotion and health education about healthy pregnancy, safe and comfortable childbirth and also how to prepare for parenthood. The standard care for antenatal care consists of weight weighing, blood pressure measurement, fundus uterine height measurement, Fe tablets as much as 90 tablets during pregnancy, tetanus toxoid immunization, haemoglobin (Hb) examination, VDRL examination, breast care, breast gymnastics and breast press massage, maintenance of fitness level or pregnancy exercises, talks, urine protein examination, administration of iodine capsule therapy for goiter endemic, administration of anti-malarial therapy for malaria-endemic areas.

The Relationship between the Husband's Role and the Readiness of Third-Trimester Pregnant Women in Facing Childbirth During the New Normal Period of Covid-19

Covid-19 is a group of viruses that can cause disease in animals or humans. Several types of coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections in humans ranging from cold coughs to more serious ones, such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). This study analyzes the relationship between the husband's role and the readiness of third-trimester pregnant women to face childbirth during the new normal period in the work area of ​​the Kuripan Health Center, Probolinggo Regency. This quantitative research design uses a correlational design using a cross-sectional study approach with 32 respondents using an accidental sampling technique. Data collection included coding, editing, and tabulating, then analyzed manually and by computer with the Wilcoxon test. Based on 32 respondents, primarily the role of a good husband, 12 respondents (37.5%) including the readiness of third-trimester pregnant women who were ready, ten respondents (31.3%) and pregnant women who were not prepared for childbirth, two respondents (6.3%). It was obtained as p=0.007, so there is a relationship between the husband's role and the readiness of third-trimester pregnant mothers to face delivery on the new normal in the work area of ​​the Kuripan Health Center, Probolinggo Regency. It is expected that during the examination of pregnant women before delivery in every village for 36 weeks of gestation, a swab antigen test will be carried out once and before delivery once so that sometimes the role of the husband and family influences the mother's readiness to carry out the prenatal examination process, especially during the transition period from pandemic to new normal.

Peningkatan Kemampuan Deteksi Dini Depresi pada Ibu Hamil di Kota Surabaya

The problems of pregnant women are not only physical health problems but also mental health problems. Mothers who experience mental and emotional health disorders are usually unable to carry out their daily functions properly and experience impaired fetal growth and development, social problems, and mental safety. So far, the examination of pregnant women and antenatal care efforts have focused more on efforts to maintain the physical health status of pregnant women and have not touched on the emotional health aspects, especially depression. So efforts to detect early and even prevent depression during pregnancy are significant. Increased knowledge and early detection of depression can help pregnant women prevent depression and provide solutions for appropriate treatment. This community service activity formed a class of pregnant women in RW 9, 13, and 14 as many as 28 people in Ujung Village, Semampir District, Surabaya City. The material was given directly by using a back sheet and leaflets. Pre-tests and post-tests are carried out before and after giving the material. The results of this community service activity showed that there was an increase in the ability to detect depression in pregnant women after attending classes for pregnant women on three materials (p=0,006; p=0.000; p=0,000; α=0.05). The ability to detect depression will prevent depression because pregnant women know the symptoms of depression that are visible or felt. So that pregnant women can make follow-up efforts and appropriate treatment if depression is detected.

Hematocrit and Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia in Palembang City

Preeclampsia is a collection of symptoms that arise in pregnant, maternity, and postpartum women in the form of hypertension, edoema, and proteinuria that appear in the 20th week of pregnancy until the end of the first week after delivery. Several parameters of hematological examination in pregnant women are hematocrit and hemoglobin levels, which are suspected to be different between normal pregnant women and pregnant women who have preeclampsia. This study aims to determine the levels of hematocrit and hemoglobin in pregnant women with preeclampsia at RSIA Rika Amelia Palembang in 2021. This research is descriptive in nature, with a total sample size of 105 patients. The results of the study showed that the average hematocrit level in preeclamptic pregnant women was 37% and the hemoglobin level was 12 g/dl. Statistical tests showed no difference in hematocrit levels based on the mother's age (p-value = 0.678) or gestational age (p-value = 0.226). Meanwhile, for the hemoglobin level parameter, statistical tests showed no difference in hemoglobin levels based on the mother's age (p-value = 0.386) or gestational age (p-value = 0.104). It can be concluded that there is no difference in hematocrit and hemoglobin levels in preeclamptic pregnant women based on age and gestational age.

ASUHAN KEBIDANAN PEMERIKSAAN FISIK PADA Ny. A IBU HAMIL DENGAN POST DATE DI PUSKESMAS BALOI PERMAI

Physical examination in pregnancy can be done with several examinations. In general, it includes general examinations and obstetric examinations. General examinations include examinations of the heart and lungs, reflexes, as well as vital signs such as blood pressure, pulse, temperature, and breathing. The general examination in pregnant women aims to assess the general condition of the mother, nutritional status, level of awareness, and the presence or absence of body deformities.obstetric examination is carried out through a glance examination (inspection), raba examination (palpation), hearing check (auscultation), check tap (percussion). The examination is carried out from head to toe, which in its execution is carried out systematically or sequentially.Pregnancy is a natural process experienced by every woman in the reproductive cycle. Pregnancy begins from conception and ends with the beginning of labor. During this pregnancy there are changes, both abdominal, physical and physicology of the mother.

Factors Associated With Participation of Pregnant Women In Examination VCT (Voluntary Counseling And Testing)

HIV/AIDS has become a big scary enemy in Indonesia. The incidence of HIV/AIDS in pregnant women also makes it difficult to achieve the 2015-2019 National Medium Term Development Plan targets in the health sector at 3 points at once, namely maternal mortality, infant mortality and the prevalence of HIV cases. The Voluntary Counseling Testing (VCT) strategy is the core of all efforts to prevent and control HIV/AIDS in the world. The aim to Factors Associated With Participation of Pregnant Women In Examination VCT. The research design is an analytic method with a cross sectional study approach. The population in this study were all pregnant women who had Antenatal Care. The sampling technique used in this study is to use total sampling technique. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis with the chi square statistical test. The result in this study there were 10.0% pregnant women who did not perform VCT examinations, 70% pregnant women who had good knowledge, 80% pregnant women who received support from their husbands, 82.5% pregnant women who get the role of health workers in a good category, 30% pregnant women who have a long distance from the place of health services. There is a significant relationship between knowledge (0.001), attitude (0.000), husband's support (0.000), the role of officers ((0.001) and the distance to HIV VCT examination in pregnant women. The conclusion is that many pregnant women are aware of the importance of the VCT test which can be seen in the number of pregnant women who have done the test.

Standard Operating Procedures of antenatal care and its relation with pregnant women's satisfaction during pregnancy examination: Results of a survey at Gamping I Public Health Center, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Background: The achievement parameter for maternal health services program is the access of pregnant health services, as indicated by measuring the coverage of antenatal care services. In Indonesia, examination of pregnant women according to antenatal standards is regulated by Ministry of Health Indonesia Number 21 of 2021, where pregnancy checks must fulfill the standard 10 T criteria. Aims: This study aimed to identify the Standard Operating Procedures of antenatal care in Gamping I Public Health Center, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and determine its relation with pregnant women's satisfaction during pregnancy examination. Methods: Of 70 TM III pregnant women, who routinely visit for antenatal care service at the Public Health Center Gamping I, a total of 40 pregnant women were selected using consecutive sampling with 10% margin of error. A set of questionnaires was distributed to the respondents to asses: (1) The implementation of the antenatal care service standard (20 questions, and weighted using a dichotomy scale) and (2) The pregnant women satisfaction (22 questions, and weighted using the Likert scale. The data obtained from respondents were then tabulated and processed using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and then analyzed using the SPSS Statistics 16.0 program (Pearson Product Moment formula with an error rate of 5%). Results: There are 10 pregnancy tests (10T) received by the pregnant women at the health center including the measurement of Height, Weight, Blood pressure, upper arm circumference, Uterine fundus height, Presentation & Fetal heart rate, Provision of 90 Fe Tablets, Laboratory examinations, Case handling, TT Immunization Screening, and Counseling & mental health assessment. According to the findings of the research conducted by the researchers, antenatal examinations were not carried out in a comprehensive and thorough manner in instances. This article provides the women satisfaction to the antennal care on different dimensions of satisfaction including Physical Proof, Reliability, Responsiveness, Guarantee, and Empathy. Even though the analysis shows that the respondents was satisfied with the antennal care services; however, the relation is not statistically significant (p-value of 0.652). Conclusion : One's satisfaction is very difficult to measure and someone's satisfaction is different from the satisfaction of someone else. According to the findings of the study, every time a midwife performed an antenatal checkup, she had never provided complete 10T-based antenatal care. In addition, this research has been carried out through direct observation of prenatal care, where pregnant women and midwives' perceptions of antenatal care examinations do not differ.

Comparison of the Urine Protein Examination Results Using the Dipstick Method and The Ewitz Method at Kabila Health Center

This study aims to determine the differences in the results of urine protein examination in pregnant women using the dipstick method and the ewitz method at the Kabila Health Center, Bone Bolango district. The method used in this research is analytic observational by looking for the relationship between variables through an analysis of the data from observations in the laboratory or through observation of the analytical process. From the results of the study of 28 samples of pregnant women, it was found that there was no significant difference from the comparison of the results of urine protein examination using the dipstick method and the Ewitz method, where the p value was 1,000.

THE EFFECT OF PREGNANT WOMEN KNOWLEDGE ON COMPLIANCE WITH TRIPLE ELIMINATION EXAMINATION

Background: According to WHO data, in Southeast Asia in 2015 the HIV rate reached 5.1 million patients with 77,000 pregnant women living with HIV, and 19,000 new cases of pediatric HIV infection have been found. This is a number that can be considered fantastic compared to other regions. Meanwhile for syphilis, the incidence rate has shown an increase of 0.32% in the Southeast Asian region. The number of patients shows up to 167,000 cases of syphilis in pregnant women. It had a disastrous impact by producing 65,800 adverse outcomes including early fetal death. For Hepatitis B, Southeast Asia bears 15% of the total number of Hepatitis B patients worldwide with a total of 39 million people. Prevention activities have been carried out by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia by holding a program called Triple Elimination in accordance with WHO recommendations (2017). The activity was in the form of carrying out tests for HIV, Hepatitis B and Syphilis (triple Elimination) during Antenatal Care (ANC) for Pregnant. Research Objectives: to find out the factors that influence the triple elimination examination in pregnant women at the Sarageni Health Center, Lebak Regency in 2022. Research Methods: quantitative with cross sectional research design. The sample in this study was 65 pregnant women in the Sarageni Health Center area in November 2022 (Purposive Sampling). Data were collected using a questionnaire given to respondents then processed and analyzed univariate and bivariate and tested with the Chi Square test. The results of the study: the prevalence that affects the compliance of pregnant women Age p-value 0.006 <0.05 Education p-value 0.000 <0.05 Socio-economic p-value 1.000 >0.05 and Husband support p-value 0.000 <0.05.

Screening und gezielte Untersuchung

The purpose of this article is to provide clarifications regarding the use of screening tests designed to identify individuals at increased risk for problems sought in an inconspicuous population. An individual diagnostic test can be used to make an action-relevant diagnosis on a case by case basis. For screening tests to be useful, predetermined conditions must be met, such as that the special feature sought represents an important health problem, that there is an appropriate test or screening procedure and that the test is acceptable to the population. Clarification and counseling before and after examinations of pregnant women with a wide variety of prior knowledge, misconceptions, and wishes are core elements in dealing with all screening examinations and diagnostic tests.