Evolution Of Hematological Parameters Research Articles

Evolution of hematological parameters and death in patients with COVID-19 in a hospital in Paraguay, 2021

Evolution of hematological parameters and death in patients with COVID-19 in a hospital in Paraguay, 2021

Evolution of Hematological Parameters in Patients with Vasoplegia Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Evolution of Hematological Parameters in Patients with Vasoplegia Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Evolution of some Haematological Parameters during the Process of Spontaneous Moult in Hy-Line Brown Hens

The purpose of this paper was to find out the evolution of the main haematological parameters in Hy-Line var. Brown hens raised in industrial system, during a natural moult process. The process of spontaneous moult started towards the end of the laying cycle (63 weeks of age) and lasted about seven weeks. Two groups were set up for monitoring: a control group of hens that did not show signs of moult and an experimental group of spontaneously moulted hens. Blood was sampled weekly, from the moment of observing the onset of moult, to the complete re-dressing with feathers, respectively a period of seven weeks. Haematological parameters showed a specific dynamic during this process. This dynamic is dominated by a decrease in red blood cells, packed cell volume and haemoglobin (P<0.05), on the one hand, and a decrease in the white cell number and in the percentage of lymphocytes (P<0.05) on the other. These changes take place predominantly in the first three weeks of the moult period. In the next period of the process, the modified haematological parameters return to the values comparable to those of the control (P > 0.05).

Evolution of Hematological Parameters in Patients Undergoing Orthognathic Surgery With a View to Hospital Discharge: A Prospective Study.

The length of hospital stays of patients undergoing orthognathic surgery depends on related local and systemic factors. Hematological changes resulting from orthognathic surgery, followed up in the postoperative period until hospital discharge, have neither yet been established for specific cases, nor for normal situations. This study aimed to describe the hemodynamic parameters of patients undergoing orthognathic surgery, considering a prediction of hospital discharge. A prospective analytical study was carried out on a sample of convenience for this purpose. The erythrogram, leukogram, and platelet count were assessed 24 and 72 hours after surgery and compared with preoperative values. Intraoperative volume loss was also assessed. Inferential statistical analyses were performed as analysis of variance or Friedman test, paired Wilcoxon test, Mann-Whitney test, and 2-tailed Spearman correlation. The red blood cell count (mean ± standard deviation [median]); (4.60 ± 0.24 [4.56]), hemoglobin (12.82 ± 1.03 [12.75]), hematocrit (39.51 ± 3.47 [39.60]), and red cell distribution with (32.60 ± 0.88 [33.05]) were higher preoperatively (P < 0.001). Mean corpuscular volume (83.87 ± 5.63 [83.10]), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (27.50 ± 1.47 [28.00]), leukocytes (6262.00 ± 1448.36 [6380.00]). The volume loss varied between 463.87 and 752.13 mL (608.00 ± 144.13 [630.00]). The results of the hematological evaluations corroborate the expectation of standard discharge from the hospital, with reflected changes resulting from volume loss and intense postoperative inflammatory response, even under the anti-inflammatory pharmacological effect.

Acute Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Oxidative Stress and Hematological Parameters in Critical Patients

Aims: To analyze oxidative cellular stress and monitor the evolution of hematological parameters before and after of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in critically ill patients. Methods: A controlled and randomized clinical trial, composed of a sample of 19 patients, admitted to the Agamenon Magalhaes Hospital intensive care unit. The patients were divided into two groups: NMES group (n=9), patients that underwent only one NMES in the quadriceps muscle for 20 min, and the other, control group (n=10) that did undergo any therapeutic intervention. Results: In relation to the demographic and clinical variables, the groups were homogeneous at the beginning of the study. For the nitric oxide (NO) analysis, we perceived a reduction, when comparing the before and after analyses, in NO in the stimulated cell (p=0.0188) and non-stimulated cell (p=0.0258) in the NMES group. Also in relation to NO, when comparing the two groups, we observed a significant reduction in the NMES group compared to the control one. For the hematological parameters we did not observe any difference when comparing before and after in the two groups studied. Conclusion: We can conclude that the use of NMES causes a reduction in cellular NO levels, showing the beneficial effects in reducing oxidative stress. With relation to complete blood count, we observed that its application was not able to causes any alterations.

Hematological Safety of Perinatal Exposure to Zidovudine in Uninfected Infants Born to HIV Type 1-Infected Women in Thailand

The evolution of hematological parameters in HIV-1-exposed uninfected infants according to various durations of perinatal zidovudine exposure was studied. We used data prospectively collected among 1122 HIV-uninfected formula-fed infants born to HIV-infected mothers who participated in a clinical trial to prevent perinatal transmission in Thailand (PHPT-1). Infants were exposed to different durations of zidovudine both in utero and after birth. Hemoglobin level and leukocyte, absolute neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were measured at birth and at 6 weeks of age. The association between hematological parameters at birth and the duration of zidovudine exposure in utero was studied using a linear regression model, and changes between birth and 6 weeks of age and the duration of postnatal zidovudine exposure using mixed effects models. At birth, the hemoglobin level was lower in newborns exposed to zidovudine for more than 7.5 weeks in utero (adjusted regression coefficient: -0.6 g/dl; 95% confidence interval: -1.1 to -0.1). Six weeks after birth, the hemoglobin level had decreased faster in infants administered zidovudine for more than 4 weeks (adjusted regression coefficient: -0.1 g/dl; 95% confidence interval: -0.2 to -0.1). The duration of perinatal zidovudine exposure was not associated with the evolution of leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts. Despite the differences in hemoglobin levels, grade 3 or 4 anemia did not significantly differ by maternal or infant zidovudine duration. The clinical impact appeared modest, but longer exposure may warrant close monitoring.

Evolution of Hematological Parameters in HIV-1-Infected Patients With and Without Thalassemia Carriages During Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Objectives: To assess the effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on hematological parameters in HIV-1-infected patients with and without thalassemia carriages. Methods: Prospective study was conducted in HIV-1-infected Thai patients receiving HAART. Their hematological parameters were measured at baseline and during follow-up of 1 year. β-thalassemia and hemoglobin-E trait were diagnosed using HPLC. PCR-genotyping techniques were used to investigate α-thalassemia-1 Southeast Asian type deletion and β-thalassemia mutation. The changes of hematological parameters were compared according to thalassemia carriage. Results: During follow-up, increased levels of CD4 counts, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were observed in the groups of patients with and without thalassemia. The changes in mean hemoglobin level, MCV, and MCH in both groups appeared parallel, with consistently lower levels in patients with thalassemia. At Months 6 and 12, mean MCV of patients with thalassemia was shifted from microcytic levels (<80 fL) to normocytic levels (80–100 fL) while their mean MCH was increased to normal levels (27–31 pg). Conclusion: Although HAART altered hematological parameters such as MCV and MCH, it did not induce worsening anaemia, especially in patients with thalassemia carriages. However, the increased levels of MCV and MCH crucially affect the thalassemia screening.

Perinatal zidovudine prophylaxis in HIV type-1-infected pregnant women with thalassaemia carriage in Thailand

To investigate a possible interaction between alpha-thalassaemia, beta-thalassaemia and haemoglobin-E trait and the haematological parameters of HIV type-1 (HIV-1)-infected pregnant women receiving zidovudine prophylaxis for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission in Thailand. The study sample was composed of HIV-1-infected pregnant women receiving zidovudine (300 mg twice daily) from 28 weeks of gestational age to delivery as part of the Perinatal HIV Prevention Trial (PHPT-1), a large trial investigating zidovudine use in pregnancy. These women were randomly selected and screened for haemoglobin abnormalities. Haemoglobin levels, haematocrit and erythrocyte, leukocyte, absolute neutrophil and absolute lymphocyte counts were measured at 26, 32 and 35 weeks of gestation and at delivery. PCR genotyping techniques were used to screen for haemoglobin abnormalities, which included alpha-thalassaemia-1 Southeast Asian type deletion, beta-thalassaemia mutation (codons 41/42 [-TCTT], codon 17 [A-->T], intervening sequence-I nucleotide 1 [G-->T], codons 71/72 [+A]) and haemoglobin-E trait. The evolution of haematological parameters between 26 weeks and delivery was compared according to thalassaemia carriage using linear mixed models adjusted for baseline sociodemographic characteristics, HIV clinical stage, CD4+ T-cell count and viral load. At baseline, women with thalassaemia or haemoglobin-E trait had significantly lower haemoglobin level and red blood cell counts than women with no haemoglobin abnormalities, whereas absolute neutrophil and leukocyte counts were significantly higher. Exposure to zidovudine until delivery did not increase this difference. Zidovudine exposure did not appear to have increased haematological toxicity in HIV-1-infected pregnant women with thalassaemia.

Haematological Safety of Perinatal Zidovudine in Pregnant HIV-1–Infected Women in Thailand: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial

Objectives:To respond to the primary safety objective of the Perinatal HIV Prevention Trial 1 (PHPT-1) by studying the evolution of haematological parameters according to zidovudine exposure duration in HIV-1−infected pregnant women.Design:Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of different durations of zidovudine prophylaxis.Setting:27 hospitals in Thailand.Participants:1,436 HIV-infected pregnant women in PHPT-1.Intervention:Zidovudine prophylaxis initiation at 28 or 35 wk gestation.Outcome measures:Haemoglobin level, leucocytes, total lymphocyte counts, and absolute neutrophil counts were measured at 26, 32, and 35 wk and at delivery. The evolution of haematological parameters was estimated between 26 and 35 wk (zidovudine/placebo) and between 35 wk and delivery to compare a long versus short zidovudine exposure. For each parameter, linear mixed models were adjusted on baseline sociodemographic variables, HIV clinical stage, CD4 count, and viral load.Results:Between 26 and 35 wk, haemoglobin, leucocytes, and absolute neutrophil counts decreased in zidovudine-exposed compared to unexposed women (mean difference [95% CI] −0.4 [−0.5 to −0.3], −423 [−703 to −142], −485 [−757 to −213], respectively). However, between 35 wk and delivery, the haematological parameters increased faster in women exposed to long rather than short durations of zidovudine (0.1 [0.0 to 0.1]; 105 [18 to 191]; 147 [59 to 234], respectively). At delivery, the differences were not statistically significant, except for mean haemoglobin level, which remained slightly lower in the long zidovudine treatment group (difference: 0.2 g/dl). Zidovudine had no negative impact on the absolute lymphocyte counts.Conclusion:Zidovudine initiated at 28 wk gestation rather than 35 wk had a transient negative impact on the evolution of haematological parameters, which was largely reversed by delivery despite continuation of zidovudine. This result provides reassurance about the safety of early initiation of zidovudine prophylaxis during pregnancy to maximize prevention of perinatal HIV.

Cessation of intensive treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) Is followed by secondary anemia

Little information is available on the evolution of hematological parameters after cessation of intensive treatment with rHuEpo. Groups of 3–5 rats were iron overloaded to avoid functional iron deficiency and received daily IV injections of 150 U rHuEpo for 20 days. During treatment, reticulocytes, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR, a quantitative measure of total erythropoiesis) and Hct increased progressively (p<0.0001). This was accompanied by a substantial expansion of spleen erythropoiesis (p<0.01) but a decrease in the bone marrow (p<0.01), as assessed by erythroid cellularity, iron incorporation into heme and the number of erythroid colonies. After treatment, Hct returned to baseline by day 25, then fell to 80% by day 35 (p<0.0002), before returning to baseline by day 60. Reticulocytes decreasd to 40% at days 14-25 (p<0.02), then peaked to 300% at days 40–50 (p<0.005), before stabilizing to baseline after day 70. sTfR showed the same diphasic pattern (p<0.05 and p<0.02), but variations remained within 50% of baseline. The activity of erythroid progenitors and precursors in the bone marrow and spleen was severely depressed 3 weeks after cessation of rHuEpo therapy (p<0.01). Although erythroid cellularity and iron incorporation into heme normalized before day 40, the number of erythroid progenitors recovered only partially by day 40. Serum Epo levels remained elevated for several weeks, possibly due to non-utilization by a suppressed erythroid marrow, but the sensitivity of marrow erythroid precursors to Epo was preserved. No rat antibodies to rHuEpo were detected and serum from post-Epo animals did not inhibit erythropoiesis in vitro. In conclusion, after cessation of intensive rHuEpo therapy, there was a strong inhibition of erythropoietic activity with secondary anemia followed by late recovery. This was not due to antibodies or other soluble inhibitory factors, a defect in Epo production or a loss of sensitivity to Epo. This may represent intrinsic erythroid marrow exhaustion, at the level of erythroid progenitors but also at later stages of erythropoiesis.

Evolution of hematological parameters in a group of children with human immunodeficiency virus infection - HIV 1

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the evolution of clinical and hematological aspects of the children infected with HIV 1. METHODS: Using the CDC criteria, 1994, 37 children with HIV infection were selected, followed up at the Immunodeficiency Clinic at UNICAMP. The study is longitudinal descriptive. Complete blood count, ferritin, serum iron, TIBC and direct Coombs were carried out. RESULTS: The clinical category that predominated wasB(45.94%) and categories A and C were equal (27.03%). All of them were having antiretroviral therapy. Hypochromic and microcytic anemia were seen in 100% of patients up to 12 months of age. There was association between anemia and the progression of the disease, both clinical (p=0.031) and immunological (p=0.0027) and with lymphopenia too (p=0.033). Thrombocytopenia occurred in 10 to 25% of the patients. Low serical ferritin was seen in 2.7% of the cases and low serum iron in 11.1%. All the 15 patients analyzed had negative Coombs test. There was weight and height reduction in 23.5 to 45% of the children and 70.3% had clinical manifestations up to 9 months of age. During the follow up 13.2% of the patients died. CONCLUSIONS: There was association between anemia and lymphopenia with the progression of the disease. In relation to the aetiology of the anemia, about 10% can be considered anemia of chronic disease. Probably the hematological abnormalities seen in peripheral blood are the consequences of loss of control of cellular death mechanism and hematopoiesis in individuals infected by HIV 1.