Evident Disproportion Research Articles

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ НОРМАТИВОВ КОМПЛЕКСА ГТО ГРАЖДАНАМИ СТАРШЕ 40 ЛЕТ В РАЗЛИЧНЫХ РЕГИОНАХ РФ

Aim. The article aims to conduct a comparative analysis of GTO control exercises in adults over 40 from different regions of Russia. Materials and methods. The study was conducted by using the official information provided at GTO.RU and the GTO Capital analytical program. As a result of the ranking of the all-Russian GTO sports complex in the third quarter of 2020, 10 most successful (places 1–10) and 10 least successful (places 76–85) regions were chosen. A quantitave analysis of exercise performance was conducted by using the GTO Capital program according to the following age categories: VIII, IX, X, XI. Comparative analysis was conducted with the help of the Statistica 10.0 software. Results. There are significant differences in GTO program performance in different regions: in terms of the share of population with GTO medals the gap between the most successful Belgorod region (10.42%) and the least successful Orlov region (0.72%) is 14.47 times. There is an evident disproportion in terms of willingness of people over 40 to perform GTO exercises: 107955 people in 10 most successful regions and 5418 people in 10 least successful regions. Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrate a high analytical potential of the GTO Capital program, which allow revealing disproportions in GTO performance. These tendencies are of particular importance for people over 40, which indicate a low probability of achieving the goals set in the Demography national project in terms of its subproject entitled Sport as the norm of life. However, potential points of growth were established associated with the development of the most preferable types of physical activity and GTO promotion among male population.

The experience of surgical treatment of small bowel atresia

Purpose of the study was to improve the surgical treatment results of intestinal tract congenital anomalies. Materials and methods. 31 children with small bowel atresia were treated in our department by 2014–2019. This group of patients was performed by as neonates, as 2-years old children. There were 17 boys. There was no mortality. Morphologically this group was consisted of 8 cases of duodenal web, 1 case of annular pancreas, 10 cases of duodenal atresia. Jejunoileal atresia were found in 12 cases and in 7 cases it was combined with perforation, which in 5 cases was antenatal. Results and discussion . In case with duodenal web it was incised. In 10 patients with duodenal atresia and annular pancreas diamond-shaped anastomosis was performed and in one case side-to-side duodenojejunoanastomosis was created. In patients with jejunoileal atresia the resection and primary anastomosis was performed in 3 cases, Bishop-Koop anastomosis was created in 5 cases and in 4 patients temporary enterostomy with subsequent anastomosis creation in 2 months was performed. Multiple type of atresia, cases with perforation and evident disproportion of proximal and distal segments were criterion for two-step surgical method choosing. Conclusions . According to our experience if multiple type atresia and evident disproportion of proximal and distal segments is present, the surgical treatment should be performed by Bishop-Koop anastomosis creation.

Trilateralism and issues of cooperation between the United States, Japan and Western Europe

The article deals the phenomenon of trilateralism – the term used to describe relations between theUnited States of America,JapanandWestern Europe. The article presents an overview of factors that encourage closer ties between the regions as well as an analysis of trends that may potentially cause the collapse of the trilateral format. The factors that have initially created trilateralism include common political approaches, a shared economic demand and a strong need for energy security. Though these components remain an important part of trilateral relations; the range of factors that affect trilateralism is much wider today than four decades ago. Risks that may lead to the disruption of trilateralism are identified. Firstly, trilateral relations are strikingly asymmetrical: ties between theUS,JapanandWestern Europedevelopat different ratesand an evident disproportion exists in sharing responsibilities. Namely, bilateral relations between theUSandJapanand theUSand Western Europe are closer than the cooperation betweenJapanandWestern Europe. Secondly, there is a divergence in foreign policy priorities of the countries. With European priorities lying within the European Union, further integration and relations with the neighbors andJapanactively monitoring the developments in the Asia-Pacific, theUShas yet to articulate its foreign policy. Thirdly, economic issues that used to bethe core of relations between the three sides during the Cold Warare gradually disappearing from the trilateral agenda. An analysis oftask force reports to Trilateral Commission – an expert format that embodies trilateral relations – demonstrates the tendencies mentioned above. The author comes to the conclusion that trilateralism is on the verge of change. Its future mainly depends on the choice of issues for further cooperation and on the effectiveness of the format in dealing with global problems as they arise.

European Union funds in the development of renewable energy sources in Poland in the context of the cohesion policy

The paper aims at determining the role played by funds from the European Union in the development of renewable energy sources in Poland in the context of European Union cohesion policy. We have derived data from the official European Funds Portal for the size of projects and the financial support obtained from the European Union for the use of a specific renewable energy source. We have analyzed all (928) projects related to hydro- and geothermal energy, biomass (together with biogas), wind, and solar energy implemented in all 16 voivodships (administrative regions of the second order, NUTS 2). It must be mentioned that, in the programming period 2007–2013, the available European Union funds made it possible to obtain the largest support for all investments in renewable energy sources in Poland so far. The total value of the projects co-financed from these funds has amounted to 2 billion euro. Analyzing the value of investments in technologies based on varied renewable energy sources, an evident disproportion in either the size of particular installations or the costs of investments is observed. We demonstrate that large wind farms constitute more than 60% of the total value of investments in renewable sources subsided by the European Union. Small projects have also been subsided, but mainly those related to solar energy. Generally, the wind energy investments are established in northern and western parts of Poland, including Zachodniopomorskie, Pomorskie, Dolnośląskie, and Łódzkie voivodships, while the solar energy investments are found in the eastern and southern parts of Poland.

Bioética en salud pública: protección y confianza en VIH/SIDA

The HIV/AIDS pandemic has withstood traditional preventive measures of epidemiology.Such measures not only are inefficient, but have generated social attitudes of discrimination and rejection. The evident disproportion between minimal efficacy levels and the high risks of social exclusion, has built on an epidemiological exceptionalism with relation to sexually transmitted diseases, which is reflected on the resulting omission of preventive and control measures. Respect for individual autonomy is undermined in cases such as pregnant women, in whom the detection of seropositivity would enable the delivery of a therapy decreasing vertical transmission from 25% to less than 8%. Such efficient protection of the newborn has resulted in the advice for the implementation of a mandatory HIV/AIDS serodiagnosis during pregnancy, a recommendation that is supported by the recent availability of a fast test, which would enable the screening of women presenting belatedly to obstetrical controls.Clinical bioethics, a principleist and individualist discipline, is inspired on respect towards people and fosters autonomy while rejecting all compulsoriness, even if it should result in a benefit for children and to decrease the prevalence of HIV/AIDS. Bioethics in public health, however, are based on protection, considers the convenience of restrictions on individual autonomy when the latter hinders the implementation of efficiency-proven preventive and therapeutic measures. As long as protection [bio]ethics become an inalienable goal of public health, citizen assurance and participation in public policies will be leveraged.

Pushing the boundaries of technology to educate and train the next generation of crystallographers

This article describes the evolution of educational technologies, moving from the Web 1.0 to the current Web 3.0 decade, with the aim of stimulating discussion and inspiring innovative and effective crystallography education in the Web 3.0 decade. In the last 15 years, academic crystallography has largely migrated from a research specialty to a technique employed by a broad user community. This has led to the growth of and dependence on independently funded workshops and summer schools, as well as other non-traditional curricular resources for crystallography instruction, such as web pages and online courses, which allow crystallography to be self-taught. In fact, informal courses and e-learning constitute 70–80% of all learning today, and students expect on-demand learning. Implementing modern web technologies with sound pedagogy requires skilful integration of relevant, often disparate, resources into useful and usable frameworks, enabling learners to interact, explore new situations, and use scientific reasoning skills such as hypothesis testing and model-based reasoning. The evident disproportion in implementing contemporary technologies into our global crystallography education resources requires that we shift our focus from simply imparting subject knowledge by posting largely text-based content to empowering students with the fundamental processes and skills needed for on-demand learning and practice in crystallography.