Evidences Of Literature Research Articles

A Critical Investigation of the Role of Psychological Pain Management on Successful Paediatric Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation

Physical pain in children has been identified by multiple evidences of research as a source of discomfort among children that can even limit their reception of other medical treatment. In this study, effort is made to highlight the role of physiotherapy in psychological pain management in children and how it helps in improving pain management for better treatment and rehabilitation. The current study examined evidences of literature from over 30 authoritative sources made up mostly of authoritative journals in the medical field of physiotherapy with specific focus on paediatric physiotherapy. The research sought to extract evidence of the different needs of children when it comes to pain management and how physiotherapy practice can be effectively deployed in the management of pain among children both from a psychological and physical point of view. The findings of the research highlighted the important role that physiotherapy with specific focus on psychological capabilities of physiotherapist to identify pain in children and effectively manage it. This was noted to assist children in their rehabilitation process post injury including but not limited to the positive uptake of other treatment such as surgery.

Mother Goddess Worship in Ancient Tamil Literature

An ancient Tamil people worship begin from nature; Even though the first worship starts from women, women become as a God for their extreme quality of maternity. In ancient Tamil literature (Sangam Literature, Epic literature, Nilakesi etc.), the Number of evidences are found for the mother Goddess worship of ancient Tamil peoples. This Research articles give detailed explanation about the mother Goddess worship. The aim and objectines of this article is to find out the mother Goddess worship with the evidences of ancient Tamil Literature. In this research articles Descriptive Criticism, Historical Criticism and Analytical Criticism are applied.

Antimitochondrial Antibodies and Primary Biliary Cholangitis in Patients with Polymyalgia Rheumatica/Giant Cell Arteritis.

Background and Objectives: Laboratory liver abnormalities can be observed in patients affected with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and/or giant cell arteritis (GCA), especially with a cholestatic pattern. The first objective of our review article is to discuss the potential link between antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) and/or primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and PMR/GCA, according to the evidences of literature. The second objective is to discuss the association of PMR/GCA with the other rheumatic diseases having PBC as a common manifestation. Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed on PubMed and Medline (OVID interface) using these terms: polymyalgia rheumatica, giant cell arteritis, antimitochondrial antibodies, primary biliary cholangitis, primary Sjogren’s syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. The search was restricted to all studies and case reports published in any language. Reviews, conference abstracts, comments, and non-original articles were excluded; however, each review’s reference list was scanned for additional publications meeting this study’s aim. When papers reported data partially presented in previous articles, we referred to the most recent published data. Results and Conclusions: Our literature search highlighted that cases reporting an association between AMA, PBC and PMR/GCA were very uncommon; AMA antigenic specificity had never been detected and biopsy-proven PBC was reported only in one patient with PMR/GCA. Finally, the association of PMR/GCA with autoimmune rheumatic diseases in which PBC is relatively common was anecdotal.

Attachment styles of People Living with HIV/AIDS.

Factors that involve the dynamics in interpersonal relationships and may have consequences in health are still little explored in people living with HIV/AIDS. The aim was to identify the evidences of literature regarding adult attachment style and HIV. It is an Integrative literature review. Seven databases were explored, using the combination of key words and Boolean connectors: "Attachment Style OR Object Attachment AND HIV". A reasonable number of articles addressed attachment among people with HIV as a mediator to post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and stress. The prevalence of insecure attachment in this group was high. Evidence was also found in relation to the attachment as an important factor to adaptation to the diagnosis of HIV, attachment and behavior in interpersonal relationships, and emphasize the possibility of changing the attachment style.

Prevenzione primaria della malattia cardiovascolare: c’è bisogno di un’aspirina?

The efficacy of antiplatelet treatment with aspirin in the primary prevention of major cardiovascular events was questioned during 2018, following a new series of trials that we summarize here in a quick synoptic overview. The three studies involved are the ASPREE trial, the ASCEND study and the ARRIVE trial. These studies all have a double-blind randomized design, and 100 mg/day aspirin was administered with an intention-to-treat approach and against placebo. Age of the enrolled patients, prevalence of diabetes mellitus and geographical location of other studies are just some of the elements analyzed here, in addition to the different problems of cardiovascular events. The ASPREE study observed a marginal reduction of cardiovascular events with the use of aspirin, by approximately 5% with a confidence interval at risk of insignificancy. On the other hand, the increased risk of a hemorrhagic event appeared to be rather robust, resulting between 18% and 62%. The ASCEND study observed a reduction in cardiovascular events of around 12%, offset by an increase in the risk of major bleeding between 9% and 52%. The ARRIVE study did not detect any incidence of major cardiovascular events, while the risk of major bleeding appeared to even double. The evidences of the current literature push us to review a widespread conviction among professionals who fight the war against cardiovascular disease every day: the prescription of aspirin in the primary prevention can no longer happen systematically, and every single prescription need care between benefits and dangers connected to the treatment. (Cardionephrology)

Prevenzione primaria della malattia cardiovascolare: c’è bisogno di un’aspirina?

The efficacy of antiplatelet treatment with aspirin in the primary prevention of major cardiovascular events was questioned during 2018, following a new series of trials that we summarize here in a quick synoptic overview. The three studies involved are the ASPREE trial, the ASCEND study and the ARRIVE trial. These studies all have a double-blind randomized design, and 100 mg/day aspirin was administered with an intention-to-treat approach and against placebo. Age of the enrolled patients, prevalence of diabetes mellitus and geographical location of other studies are just some of the elements analyzed here, in addition to the different problems of cardiovascular events. The ASPREE study observed a marginal reduction of cardiovascular events with the use of aspirin, by approximately 5% with a confidence interval at risk of insignificancy. On the other hand, the increased risk of a hemorrhagic event appeared to be rather robust, resulting between 18% and 62%. The ASCEND study observed a reduction in cardiovascular events of around 12%, offset by an increase in the risk of major bleeding between 9% and 52%. The ARRIVE study did not detect any incidence of major cardiovascular events, while the risk of major bleeding appeared to even double. The evidences of the current literature push us to review a widespread conviction among professionals who fight the war against cardiovascular disease every day: the prescription of aspirin in the primary prevention can no longer happen systematically, and every single prescription need care between benefits and dangers connected to the treatment.

Disability, quality of life and well-being in patients undergoing brain surgery

Disability, quality of life and well-being in patients undergoing brain surgery

A Bound Test Analysis of Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks on Output and Prices in Nigeria 2000-2010

The study examined the effects of monetary policy shocks on output and prices in Nigeria. This is done through an empirical analysis of the effects of anticipated and unanticipated monetary policies on output and prices. Quarterly data from 2000:1 to 2010:4 were used. The long-run ARDL estimates indicate positive and significant effects of anticipated monetary policy on output and prices while unanticipated monetary policy was insignificant. Thus, the findings provide a significant departure from the existing diversity of evidences of empirical literature on the monetary policy actions and macroeconomic variables nexus. The study therefore suggested the use of a one fit for all policy instrument in stimulating output growth and prices in the economy rather than using one specific measure which could lead to the failure of monetary policy in Nigeria.

Neuropathic pain in oncology. Novel evidence for clinical practice

Neuropathic pain is usually considered an "hard pain" both for the intrinsic difficulties in a correct diagnosis, and for the modest efficacy of the most part of conventional treatments. The most frequently used drugs in clinical practice are tricyclic antidepressants and anticonvulsants, while a minor role is reserved to NSAIDs or to strong opiates. Aim of our work was to systematically analyze all the evidences of literature about the treatment options against neuropathic pain in oncology, focusing our attention upon the efficacy and the safety of the different therapeutic options assessed as Number-Needed-to-Treat (NNT) and Number-Needed-to-Harm (NNH). A critical analysis of literature was finally performed using the GRADE system. On the basis of our review and the NNT and NNH ratio, gabapentin, pregabalin and strong opiates seem to be the most effective and well tolerated options against neuropathic pain in oncology, while carbamazepine, amitryptiline, tramadol and NSAIDs do not seem to be valid options in front line approach against oncologic neuropathic pain, either for a minor efficacy or for an unfavorable safety profile. Further trials comparing the different effective options are needed to better define the correct approach against neuropathic pain in oncology.

Elementos de vulnerabilidade individual de adolescentes ao HIV/AIDS

A adolescência é caracterizada pela experimentação e descoberta, pelo desenvolvimento da autonomia e pela sexualidade. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar as evidências científicas da literatura sobre os elementos da dimensão individual da vulnerabilidade de adolescentes ao HIV/AIDS. Através da revisão sistemática integrativa, em bases e bancos de dados eletrônicos (Cinahl PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, Adolec, Dedalus, BDTD e Portal de Teses da Universidade de São Paulo) rastrearam-se trabalhos publicados entre 1996 e 2006. Compuseram a amostra final 41 estudos. O elemento da vulnerabilidade individual mais freqUente nos estudos foi o grau e qualidade do conhecimento sobre HIV/AIDS. A revisão permitiu identificar evidências científicas da vulnerabilidade individual relevantes para o planejamento das ações de prevenção à infecção pelo HIV em adolescentes.

Indicadores para a análise da dinâmica inovativa em arranjos produtivos locais: uma análise exploratória aplicada ao arranjo eletrometal-mecânico de Joinville/SC

A partir da recente literatura sobre arranjos produtivos locais, este trabalho procura construir indicadores para a análise destas aglomerações. Os indicadores foram elaborados com base em informações obtidas em questionário aplicado em campo, numa amostra de 83 empresas, dos mais diversos portes, atuando no arranjo eletrometal-mecânico da região de Joinville/SC. Os 24 indicadores selecionados foram divididos em quatro grupos relacionados ao esforço tecnológico, à aprendizagem tecnológica, à cooperação e ao desempenho tecnológico. Com base nos indicadores, procurou-se utilizar técnicas estatísticas de Análise Multivariada de modo a caracterizar os principais fatores que diferenciam as capacitações das firmas e a identificar os diversos agrupamentos de empresas no interior de um arranjo produtivo local. Com os resultados obtidos, foi possível identificar um núcleo de empresas dinâmicas que estimulam as capacitações tecnológicas do arranjo.

Central venous catheter-related thrombosis in cancer patients: what we know and what we need to know

To the editor, We read with great interest the paper of Curigliano et al. [1] about the use of low-dose aspirin to prevent venous thromboembolism in breast cancer patients after insertion of central venous catheter (CVC), as it focuses on an unsolved problem in oncology. In the last 20 years, the role of the prophylaxis with warfarin or heparin in the prevention of CVC-associated thrombosis has been widely investigated [2–12]. Although some preliminary experiences suggested a role of low-dose warfarin [2] or low-molecular-weight heparin [3], no advantage of anticoagulants was successively demonstrated when they were compared with placebo [12]. Moreover, no difference between low-dose warfarin and low-molecular-weight heparin was shown in a trial comparing these two different strategies [5]. It follows that, at present, no standard anticoagulant approach is recommended in patients with cancer and central venous catheter [13]. The paper of Curigliano et al. [1] is quite interesting, and the results are impressive, in particular, if they are compared with those reported by the same authors few years ago in a historical control [14]. However, some aspects remain unclear and merit to be discussed. First, are we sure that the evidences of literature are evident enough to recommend further trials investigating the role of different anticoagulants in the prevention of CVC-related thrombosis in cancer patients? Second, are we sure that the evidences of literature are evident enough to recommend a new randomized trial to compare low-dose aspirin with placebo (a comparison vs placebo is much better than vs other anticoagulants) in all cancer patients with CVC? The trial of Curigliano et al. [1] suggests a role of aspirin in the prevention of CVC-related thrombosis, and the recent review of Hovens et al. [15] seems to give a rationale to the use of antiplatelet therapies in the prevention of venous thromboembolism. Adequate comparisons between antiplatelet therapies and low-molecular-weight heparins or vitamin-K antagonists in cancer patients are lacking in literature. However, the efficacy of antiplatelet therapies in surgical and orthopedic patients seems comparable with that of the most used anticoagulant drugs, and the efficacy of anticoagulant drugs in the prevention of CVC-related thrombosis is still questionable [15]. Further comparative trials would probably add little or nothing to the existing inconclusive trials, as the risk differences between patients treated and patients not treated with prophylactic therapies would probably be not enough to recommend the treatment in all cancer patients [12]. In our opinion, further investigations should first be aimed at better defining the thrombotic risk profile of cancer patients with CVC. In a post hoc analysis of the Ethic trial [7], Verso et al. [16] observed that the patients with inadequate position of CVC tip, and left side insertion, had an increased risk of catheterrelated thrombosis. In a prospective trial, Lee et al. [17] identified multiple attempts of catheter insertion, ovarian cancer, and previous CVC insertion as three different independent risk factors of catheter-related thrombosis. Finally, in a cohort trial, Mandala et al. [18] observed a higher risk of catheter-related thrombosis in breast cancer patients with Factor V Leiden heterozygosis than in those Support Care Cancer (2008) 16:311–312 DOI 10.1007/s00520-007-0385-x

Sectoral Analysis of Corporate Capital Structure Choice–Emerging Market Evidence from Sri Lanka

ABSTRACT This paper empirically investigates the overall corporate capital structure of the Sri Lankan-listed companies, the determinants in general and the inter-industry differences in particular. The impact of ten determinants has been analyzed cross-sectionally, both for the market as a whole and for each individual industry, to observe any sectoral differences. Though the long-term debt utilization is relatively low in the financial structure of Sri Lankan firms, the variables of capital structure choice are not significantly different from those located in developed markets signaling a positive move towards a market-driven economy. Yet, variations could be seen across industry classes to some extent in terms of their capital structure decisions, confirming the evidences of literature.

Recommendations for prophylactic treatment of migraine: Consensus of the Sociedade Brasileira de Cefaléia

The Brazilian Headache Society assigned an Ad Hoc Committee with the purpose of establishing a consensus about prophylactic treatment for migraine and of elaborating recommendations for professionals. The recommendations of the Committee are based in evidences of the world medical literature and on the personal experience of the members, respecting the reality of the existing medication resources in our country.