Evidence-based Practice Project Research Articles

A Half-Day Camp Program for Adolescents Affected by Childhood Cancer

Background:Adolescents affected by childhood cancer experience various degrees of psychosocial distress, social isolation, and social support throughout the treatment process.Objective:To create and implement an evidence-based practice project consisting of a pilot half-day camp program to improve social support and connectedness for adolescents affected by childhood cancer.Methods:A pilot half-day camp program was implemented. Twenty adolescent patients, survivors, and siblings (ages 13–18 years) participated in the program. Participants provided basic demographic information and completed pretest, immediate posttest, and 4-week posttest surveys to assess their levels of social support and camp connectedness. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-tailed Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results:All measures of social support in adolescent participants affected by childhood cancer trended upwards following the conclusion of the program, then trended downwards over time, with overall social support and family social support significantly decreasing over time postintervention. Camp connectedness was not significantly impacted by the program.Conclusions:Social support decreases as participants are further out from attending a half-day camp program. This pilot program demonstrated the feasibility of a short-term, local, cost-effective camp program that is scalable to larger groups.Implications for Nursing:Providers should refer adolescents affected by childhood cancer to camp programs for social support. More research is needed to determine if more frequent camp programs sustain a high level of social support in participants.

Implementing an Evidence-Based Functional Pain Assessment Scale in an Adult Inpatient Unit

BackgroundThe focus on pain assessment using a single, one-dimension pain assessment scale can be problematic. Locally, challenges we faced with this were; a) pain was percieved as not being effectively managed, b) patients with chronic pain were not having their pain adequately controlled, and c) misconceptions and subsequent confusion between health care teams and patients related to what pain intensity scores mean to each individual. AimsThe purpose of this paper is to describe an evidence-based practice project aiming at improving pain assessment through the implementation of a Functional Pain Scale (FPS) on an adult inpatient cardiothoracic unit. DesignThe Iowa Model-Revised and the Implementation Strategies for Evidence- Based Practice Guide served as the framework for this project. SettingOver an 18-month period at a academic tertiary medical center in the midwest. Participants/SubjectsStaff and patients on an adult inpatient 48-bed medical and surgical cardiothoracic unit. MethodsFollowing a synthesis of the evidence, implementation of the FPS required various strategies, such as, individualized patient and staff education, audit and feedback, a pain policy revision, and creating documentation in the electronic medical record. Evaluation of the FPS consisted of patient and staff surveys pre- and postimplementation to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. ResultsAfter the pilot period, over 75% of the patients preferred to use the FPS and almost all the patients found the scale easy to use. Nurses reported an increase in perception that pain documentation was complete, that the FPS allowed them to accurately document their patients’ pain experience, and that their patients were well informed of their pain management plan. ConclusionsThis project supports successful implementation of the FPS within nursing workflow. The goal of using the FPS is to change pain management discussions from an intensity reduction to meeting goals of care, aligning expectations, and creating common language among patients and providers.

Strategies for incorporating evidence-based practice into nurse residency programs: A scoping review.

The American Nurses Credentialing Center's (ANCC's) Practice Transition Accreditation Program (PTAP) establishes standards for nurse residency programs to elevate and optimize the skills, knowledge, and attitudes of new nurses participating in nurse residency programs. Evidence-based practice (EBP) is foundational to providing safe nursing care. One of the National Academy of Medicine's (NAM's) 2020 goals stated that 90% of clinical decisions would be supported by the best available evidence to attain the best patient outcomes. Nurse residency programs can benefit from evidence-based strategies to develop EBP competencies in new nurses. The purpose of this scoping review was to synthesize the literature around strategies for incorporating EBP into nurse residency programs across the United States. This scoping review was informed by the JBI (formerly known as the Joanna Briggs Institute) methodology for scoping reviews. Searches were conducted by a health science librarian in PubMed and CINAHL with Full Text. Keywords and their synonyms, Medical Subject Headings (MeSH; PubMed), and Subject Headings (CINAHL with Full Text) were used. Covidence, a literature review management program, was used to organize the literature and manage the review. Title, abstract, and full-text reviews were completed within Covidence using three teams of two independent reviewers. Four hundred and thirty-eight citations were imported into Covidence. Ten articles were retained for the final review. Three strategies for incorporating EBP into nurse residency programs emerged from the literature: (1) exposure of nurse residents to existing organizational resources, (2) completion of online EBP modules, and (3) completion of an EBP project. The incorporation of EBP competencies in nurse residency programs aligns with NAM's and ANCC's goals, yet a paucity of evidence exists to guide curriculum development in nurse residency programs. This scoping review corroborates the need for further research to inform best practices for implementing EBP into nurse residency programs.

Early ambulation protocol after diagnostic transfemoral cerebral angiography: an evidence-based practice project

BackgroundNo uniform consensus has been achieved regarding the ambulation protocol after transfemoral cerebral angiography (TFA). Until now, in most hospitals patients are prescribed 8-12 h strict immobilization along with bed rest in the supine position after TFA in China, which causes great discomfort to patients.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of an evidence-based early ambulation protocol on the prevention of vascular complications and general discomfort in patients following transfemoral cerebral angiography (TFA).MethodsA prospective quasi-experimental study was conducted on 214 patients undergoing TFA with manual compression. Patients in the experimental group were placed supine position for 2 h with a sandbag placed on the wound dressing, followed by a semi-seated position for another 2 h. After this period, patients took 2 h bed rest (move freely) with the sandbag removed, and were allowed to get out of bed 6 h after TFA. Patients in the control group were restricted to an 8 h bed rest in a supine position with the affected leg straight and immobilized. The vascular complications (bleeding, hematoma, ecchymosis) and levels of comfort (low back pain, leg pain, and blood pressure) were evaluated after the procedure. Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain scores, systolic blood pressure (SBP); diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured hourly for 8 h after TFA.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the two groups with regard to vascular complications including bleeding events (P = 0.621), bleeding volume (P = 0.321), and area of hematoma (P = 0.156).The area of ecchymosis in the experimental group was significantly smaller than the control group (P = 0.031). Compared with the control group, the NRS score for low back pain in the 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th hour after TFA were significantly lower (P < 0.05), and the NRS score for leg pain in the 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th hour after TFA were significantly lower (P < 0.05). The SBP and DBP in the 6th, 7th, and 8th hour after TFA were significantly lower than the control group (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe evidence-based early ambulation protocol can effectively and safely increase comfort and decrease the pain level for patients undergoing TFA, without change in the incidence of vascular complications.

Occupational Therapy Interventions for Caregivers of People Who Have Experienced Stroke

Abstract Evidence Connection articles provide a clinical application of systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Project. Each article in this series summarizes the evidence from published reviews on a given topic and presents an application of the evidence to a related clinical case. Evidence Connection articles illustrate how the research evidence from the reviews can be used to inform and guide clinical decision-making. In this Evidence Connection article, we provide a case report of a caregiver of a patient who had experienced a stroke. The occupational therapy evaluation and intervention process is described.

Trauma-Informed Care Education Initiative Explores Impact on Perinatal Nurse Secondary Traumatic Stress and Workforce Challenges.

Psychological trauma refers to long-lasting adverse effects on well-being precipitated by the experience of a distressing event or a combination of events. High rates of psychological birth trauma in patients contribute to secondary traumatic stress (STS) in perinatal nurses, creating workplace challenges and resulting in dissatisfaction, apathy, and attrition. Perinatal nurses experience high rates of STS, and researchers have called for a universal standard of trauma-informed care (TIC). However, there is a lack of published results on effectively creating TIC education in this nurse population. A pre/posttest design evaluated an online pilot evidence-based practice project addressing a perinatal nurse education initiative on STS and its correlation with nurse attitudes toward TIC. Participants include perinatal nurses in the United States (n = 29). Two scales measured the program's effect on nurses: the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS) and the Attitudes Related to Trauma-Informed Care (ARTIC) scale. A paired t test evaluating pre- and postprogram levels of the STSS showed a decrease in STS (t28 = -3.28, P = .003, Cohen's d = 0.609), the ARTIC scale results showed an increased receptiveness to TIC (t28 = 3.8, P < .001, Cohen's d = 0.706], and a not significant correlation was found between pretest STS and ARTIC scores (Spearman' ρ = -0.248, P = .194). This program supported a significant reduction in nurses' identification of STS. Future perinatal nurse education can expand to build a standard of TIC that is patient-centered and reduces nurse STS.

Climates and associated factors for evidence-based practice implementation among nurses: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe organizational climate that fosters and supports the implementation of evidence is a key factor influencing the effective implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP). Nurses, being the largest group of medical staff, play a crucial role in EBP implementation. The perception of the climate for EBP implementation among nurses in their organizations is unknown, especially among Chinese nurses.AimsTo clarify the implementation climate of EBP among Chinese nurses and identify the factors associated with the implementation and development of evidence-based nursing practices.MethodsThis study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design. From March 2023 to April 2023, a sample of nurses (n = 1260) from two Tertiary care hospitals in central China were selected and surveyed by self-designed social-demographic questionnaire and Implementation Climate Scale. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was conducted to determine the predictors of implementation climate.ResultsThe nurses achieved a mean ICS score of 59.10 ± 11.22, with mean scores exceeding 3 points for each sub-dimension and item. In the results of multiple linear regression, income satisfaction, implementation of evidence-based nursing practice project(s) within the unit, experience of evidence-based nursing practice during working life, and specific training or courses in evidence-based nursing practice were predictors of ICS. Of these, income satisfaction was the most significant predictor. These factors could explain 17.5% of the total variance in implementation climate.ConclusionThe climate for implementing EBP in Chinese nursing organizations was relatively strong. Nursing managers can enhance the climate for implementing EBP in their organizations by actively improving salary and enhancing EBP-related trainings and practices.Relevance to clinical practiceUnderstanding nurses’ perceptions of the EBP implementation climate in their organizations can help to identify specific barriers and facilitators to the development of EBP and facilitate its successful implementation.Patient or public contributionClinical nurses were involved in data collection and completed the questionnaires on EBP implementation climate.

Sustained delirium reduction in an inpatient neuroscience unit.

Delirium is described as acute brain dysfunction that often fluctuates throughout the day and is highly prevalent in hospitalized adults. Delirium negatively affects patient outcomes with consequences including decreased cognitive functioning and increased mortality and healthcare costs. Furthermore, neurological patients are at increased risk for developing delirium due to their underlying diagnoses. The purpose of this evidence-based practice project was to evaluate the long-term impact of nursing education and use of trained volunteers to prevent the development of delirium in an inpatient neuroscience unit. This was a pre-post designed evidence-based practice project to educate and prioritize nursing care interventions for delirium prevention compared to a delirium management framework. The interventions included delirium education for nurses and nursing assistants along with the development of a specialized volunteer program to implement non-pharmacological, multi-component delirium prevention interventions. Long-term sustainment and enculturation occurred over the subsequent year. The baseline data collection period included 2520 patients. The intervention period included 4515 patients, with both groups being similar in age, race, gender, and length of stay. The total number of patients with a discharge diagnosis of delirium decreased from 29.2% to 19.8% (p < .001). Fewer patients in the intervention group were discharged to a skilled nursing facility (p < .001) and other post-acute facility (p = .008), along with more patients being discharged to home care (p < .001). This evidence-based practice project demonstrates long-term sustained reduction of delirium in the neuroscience population. Despite the challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, delirium prevention strategies were found to be effective in decreasing the rate at which patients develop delirium.

Mentoring New Graduate Nurses to Decrease Turnover: A Pilot Project.

Nurse turnover may negatively impact patient outcomes, the nurse shortage, and hospital finances. This evidence-based practice project examined the effect of a formal mentorship program on new graduate nurses' (NGNs) intent to leave a healthcare position. The outcomes suggest that the mentoring intervention used has the potential to impact new graduate nurse retention rate. Small sample size limits evaluating the project, which needs to be replicated with a much larger number of NGN mentees and more experienced nurse mentors.

Perceived Barriers to Administration of Aromatherapy in Nurses Caring for Pediatric Patients With Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: An Evidence-based Practice Project

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is prevalent among surgical patients, causing hospitalizations, extended stays, and patient dissatisfaction. Children are twice as likely to experience PONV than adult patients. Complementary therapy holds promise for PONV treatment but meets clinical use barriers. We explored perioperative nurses' perceived barriers to the use of complementary aromatherapy. Presurvey and postsurveys assessed nurses' (n = 27) knowledge and barriers to aromatherapy use before and after an educational in-service. Primary PONV treatment involved antiemetics. Barriers to aromatherapy included product availability, caregiver refusal, and patient-specific factors. Post-in-service, the nurses felt more familiar with aromatherapy and inclined to use it. Increased education and guidelines on aromatherapy promote its incorporation into clinical practice. Institutional policies addressing the selection, administration, documentation, and monitoring of aromatherapy should be established to ensure the consistency and standardization of its use.

Implementing LGBTQ Culturally Appropriate Affirmation Training in the Southern United States: An Evidence-Based Practice Project.

The lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ) community is diverse, and members have a shared need for culturally competent health care (CCH). Best practices show that culturally appropriate affirmation training (CAAT) bridges the sociocultural knowledge gap between patient and provider, resulting in increased access to CCH. The pre-/posttest project design used validated tools to measure group changes in knowledge, attitude, and skills before and after delivery of LGBTQ CAAT. The sample included staff interacting with or making decisions on behalf of patients (n = 11) at a nonprofit clinic in the southern United States. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed an increase in health care team scores for knowledge, attitude, and skills (knowledge, p = .006, r = -.59; attitude, p = .123, r = -.33; skills, p = .005, r = -.60). Qualitative analysis (thematic analysis) (a) showed that participants explored sensitive subjects in a nonjudgmental way; (b) connected the dots between minority stress, bias, and patient-provider trust; and (c) showed increased staff confidence in providing care to LGBTQ patients. As staff undergo LGBTQ CAAT, access to CCH will increase, health outcomes will improve, and LGBTQ health disparities will decrease. [J Contin Educ Nurs. 2024;55(3):121-129.].

An Evidence-Based Practice Project to Provide Standardized Education on Skin-to-Skin Contact and Neonatal Hypoglycemia

ObjectiveTo develop and examine the implications of formalized education with staff and familial caregivers on skin-to-skin in relation to neonatal hypoglycemia, including the impact on NICU admission rate, exclusive breastfeeding, and glucose gel administration. DesignEvidence-based practice (EBP) project with a comparison of data pre-/postintervention. Setting/Local ProblemImplemented at a large health system in the mid-Atlantic, including four hospitals with postpartum care units. The EBP implementation site had approximately 19,400 births in 2021. ParticipantsParticipants included 320 postpartum nurses in addition to the familial neonatal caregivers these nurses provided care for. Intervention/MeasurementAll team members were provided with online education via the HealthStream learning platform, a microlearning introduction video, weekly huddle messages, and unit-specific champions who shared a champion information sheet that included information such as the hypoglycemia protocol, how to perform safe skin-to-skin care, and how to effectively administer glucose gel. Familial caregiver education included a handout given upon admission with an explanation from the postpartum nurse if the neonate met the criteria for the hospital system’s neonatal hypoglycemia protocol. ResultsWe observed a 4% system-wide increase in exclusive breastfeeding rates, a decrease in NICU admissions by 17.3% at 1-month postimplementation at the smallest hospital site (Hospital A), and a 12.3% reduction in NICU admission rates at the largest hospital site (Hospital B). Two hospitals reported a decrease in the need for glucose gel administration to neonates after the educational intervention. ConclusionThis nurse-led project detailed the process of a system-wide EBP project to implement consistent and standardized education regarding neonatal protocols. Although the benefits of skin-to-skin contact are widely known, this project demonstrated that focused, targeted education on skin-to-skin protocols for neonates at risk for neonatal hypoglycemia may be effective at improving outcomes.

Evaluating a Novel Patient Intake Model for Newly Referred Patients Seeking Cancer Care: An Evidence-Based Practice Project

Evaluating a Novel Patient Intake Model for Newly Referred Patients Seeking Cancer Care: An Evidence-Based Practice Project

Use of a Digital Air Leak Detection Device to Decrease Chest Tube Duration.

The aim of this evidence-based practice project was to determine if a digital air leak detection device could speed the identification of chest tube air leak cessation in patients after pulmonary lobectomy. Staff members assessing air leaks have varying levels of expertise, and the digital device is a limited resource in the study institution. A chest tube management algorithm is necessary to standardize care and determine which patients are most likely to benefit. Twenty-five consecutive patients who underwent pulmonary lobectomy during the study period and continued to have a chest tube air leak on postoperative day 3 were monitored with digital air leak detection devices. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare chest tube duration and hospital length of stay between patients with digital devices and 259 patients who had traditional analog air leak detection devices (historical data from the departmental database over the previous 2 years). Median chest tube duration and hospital stay were 1 day less in patients with digital devices than in those with traditional analog devices (P = .01 and P = .004, respectively), with a cost savings of $2659 per hospital day. Reductions in chest tube duration and length of stay aided in the development of a chest tube management algorithm. Critical care nurses are valued team members who treat patients after lung resections. Digital air leak detection devices can help them assess air leaks more accurately, benefiting the patients in their care.

Educating Oncology Staff About the Practice of Writing Condolence Cards.

This evidence-based practice project educated staff about the practice of writing condolence cards to bereaved family members of deceased adult patients in the oncologic setting. In addition, staff were provided with the appr.

Clinical application of multidisciplinary team- and evidence-based practice project in gynecological patients with perioperative hypothermia

BACKGROUND Perioperative hypothermia (PH) negatively affects the physical and mental health of patients to varying degrees. Currently, there is no effective multidisciplinary team (MDT) intervention for gynecological patients with PH. AIM To apply the best evidence on the prevention and management of PH in gynecological patients, improve the quality of perioperative evidence-based care based on treatment by an MDT for gynecological patients and analyze the effect of MDT- and evidence-based practice (EBP) projects on the psychological status and cognitive function of gynecological patients with PH. METHODS Under the guidance of knowledge translation and combined with the opinions of involved stakeholders and clinical experts, the best evidence for PH prevention and management in gynecological patients was selected and adjusted to suit the practice setting. Based on the evidence, the practice plan was developed, and the MDT intervention was carried out in the preoperative ward, the preoperative preparation room, the intraoperative operating room, the postanesthesia care unit, and the 24-hour postoperative gynecological ward through the EBP program. The incidence of hypothermia, the nurses’ awareness, the implementation rate of examination indicators, and the thermal comfort level, psychological status and cognitive function of patients were compared before and after the implementation of the program. RESULTS The incidence of PH in gynecological patients decreased from 43.33% to 13.33% after the implementation of the scheme. The implementation rate of examination indicators 6-10, 12, 14, 16-18, 21, and 22 reached 100%, and that of other indicators was above 90%, except for examination indicators 5 and 13, which was 66.67%; the indices were significantly improved compared with the baseline (before evidence application) (P &lt; 0.05). The score of nurses' awareness of PH prevention and management in gynecological patients increased from 60.96 ± 9.70 to 88.08 ± 8.96, and the difference was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.001). The total score of the perioperative thermal comfort level of patients undergoing gynecological surgery was 27.97 ± 2.04, which was significantly increased compared with the score of 21.27 ± 1.57 observed by researchers at baseline (P &lt; 0.001). The perioperative Hamilton Depression Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Scale scores of patients undergoing gynecological surgery decreased from 15.03 ± 3.16 and 13.93 ± 2.64 to 4.30 ± 1.15 and 3.53 ± 0.78, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P &lt; 0.001). The perioperative Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale score of the gynecological surgery patients increased from 23.17 ± 1.68 to 26.93 ± 1.11, also with statistical significance (P &lt; 0.001). CONCLUSION MDT-based EBP for PH prevention and management in gynecological patients during the perioperative period can standardize nursing operations, improve nurses' awareness and behavioral compliance with gynecological hypothermia management, and reduce the occurrence of PH in gynecological patients while playing a positive role in reducing patients’ negative emotions and enhancing their cognitive function.

The Gratitude Campaign: A Multihospital Evidence-Based Practice Project.

Nurse well-being and optimism were tested in the midst of COVID-19 patient surges and staffing challenges. Using the American Nurses Foundation Gratitude Toolkit, a health system implemented monthly gratitude practices at 4 hospitals. Validated survey measures indicated that nurses' scores of self-perceived gratitude, flourishing behaviors, and mindfulness were maintained during this challenging time but did not statistically increase. Although statistical significance increases were not demonstrated, the gratitude campaign offered clinical significance through positive feedback and was sustained through the distribution of a toolkit disseminated across the health system.

Feasibility of a Mindfulness Education Module for Nurses: An Evidence-Based Practice Project.

Nurse burnout is a well-defined problem that has been exacerbated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and negatively affects nurses' mental health, nursing shortages, patient safety, and quality of care. Evidence shows that mindfulness is an effective strategy for managing stress and decreasing burnout among nurses. This article describes an evidence-based practice project that translated this evidence into practice via a vetted mindfulness educational intervention for nurses on a pulmonary medicine unit and a medical intensive care unit. The goal of this project was to assess the feasibility of this educational intervention, processes, and outcomes with the goal to extend the project hospital-wide. Preintervention levels of nurse burnout were assessed using the validated Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. For both units, personal and work-related burnout were in the moderate range and patient-related burnout was in the mild range. Postintervention surveys completed by participant nurses and the nurse managers of both units supported the feasibility of this education module. Future implementation of annual mindfulness education was supported through both participant and administrative feedback. [J Contin Educ Nurs. 202x;5x(x):xx-xx.].

Improving the self-efficacy of caregivers of children with seizures using evidence-based practice

BackgroundEpilepsy is considered a widespread chronic illness; it is estimated that approximately 1% of all children have the condition. Parents and caregivers of children with seizures experience fear and anxiety relative to their perceived confidence to manage their child's seizures after leaving the hospital. Evidence supports the use of simulation to educate caregivers to improve their perceived level of self-efficacy. MethodsThe evidence-based practice project examined the impact of utilizing a simulation training session on the self-efficacy of caregivers of children with seizures at a large pediatric medical center in the southern United States. Caregivers of children with newly diagnosed seizures or with a recent change to their seizure treatment plan attended a simulation training session individualized to their discharge instructions. Demographic data, pre- and post-training self-efficacy measurements, and program satisfaction data were collected. FindingsThe 31 caregivers who participated during the 3-month implementation period experienced a statistically significant increase in self-efficacy (p < .0001 to 0.002) and reported being satisfied with the simulation education training. DiscussionThe project outcomes suggested simulation training was an effective method for improving the self-efficacy of caregivers of children with seizures and could be a feasible practice change at organizations with access to simulation technology. Application to practiceThe outcomes of the project aligned with the evidence available in the literature. The results reinforced that education that includes simulated learning opportunities was generally well-received by caregivers and may improve their confidence to care for their child after discharge.

An Evidence-Based Practice Project to Determine Ginger's Effect on Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnant Women During the Antepartum Period

Nausea and vomiting is an ailment that accompanies pregnancy and affects up to 80% of pregnant women. A decrease in quality of life and feelings of depression have been associated with nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP). This evidence-based practice project aims to evaluate the effect of ginger on nausea and vomiting in pregnant women during the antepartum period compared to not using ginger. Articles addressing the impact of ginger on nausea and vomiting in pregnant women were searched and identified in four databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Literature (CINHAL), ProQuest, and Cochrane (Reviews). The Johns Hopkins Evidence-based Practice Model Appraisal tools were utilized to thoroughly examine and assess the strength and quality of each article. Six articles were included in this evidence-based practice project. The results demonstrated that the use of ginger versus placebo significantly reduced the severity of nausea, but was less effective at reducing vomiting. Ginger was found to be either as effective as vitamin B6 or less effective. Ginger alleviated NVP when compared with placebo. Further research is required to determine whether vitamin B6 or ginger is more effective and to establish the best method of ginger intake. Overall, ginger is an affordable natural remedy that nurses can recommend to pregnant patients experiencing NVP.