Everyday Resilience Research Articles

Food systems in protracted crises: examining indigenous food sovereignty amid de-development in Kashmir.

How do protracted crises shape indigenous food systems, and what are their ramifications for food and nutritional security? Building on decolonial and interdisciplinary research approaches, this paper assesses the consequences of militarised violence for Kashmir's food system. We document the impact of settler-colonialism and conflict-induced agrarian changes on delocalisation of diets. The protracted nature of the crises has two key implications for changes in dietary patterns. First, land control over common land dispossesses the local population and hinders food production. Second, disenfranchisement from (agricultural) land has led to increased reliance on markets that are flooded by imported foods as local production declines. The paper argues that the state plays an important role in food system changes by destroying local patterns of food production and consumption. Slow violence and agrarian de-development serve as tools to de-develop the local food system. Indigenous food cultures form part of everyday resistance and resilience that are operationalised as mitigation and adaptation strategies to address food insecurity.

A community-based ambulance model: lessons for emergency medical services and everyday health systems resilience from South Africa.

The role of the emergency medical service (EMS) is changing globally as ambulance crews respond to a shifting burden of disease, as well as societal stressors such as violence and inequality. New ways of thinking about how to provide emergency care are required to shift EMS from a role primarily focused on clinical care and transporting patients to hospital. In this paper, we present the experience of the Philippi Project (PP), an innovative community-based model of care developed by front line ambulance crews in a low-income neighbourhood in Cape Town, South Africa. Our insights were developed through observational, interview and document review work, within an overall embedded research approach. Our analysis draws on the everyday health systems resilience (EHSR) framework, which sees resilience as an emergent process that may be stimulated through response to stress and shock. Responses take the form of absorptive, adaptive or transformative strategies and are underpinned by system capacities (cognitive, behavioural and contextual). We consider the PP as a potentially transformative resilience strategy, defined as a new way of working that offered the promise of long-term health system gains. We found that the PP's initial development was supported by a range of system capacity attributes (such as the intentional development of relationships, a sense of collective purpose and creating spaces for constructive sense-making). However, the PP was hard to sustain over time because emergent ways of working were undermined both by other capacity attributes rooted in pre-existing organizational routines and two contextual shocks (Coronavirus and a violent incident). The paper adds a new empirical contribution to the still-small EHSR literature. In addition, the PP experience offers globally relevant lessons for developing community-based models of EMS care. It demonstrates that front line staff can develop creative solutions to their stressful daily realities, but only if space is created and protected.

Effect of Everyday Creativity, Self-Leadership, and Resilience on Career Identity of Nursing Students

Effect of Everyday Creativity, Self-Leadership, and Resilience on Career Identity of Nursing Students

Evidence of health system resilience in primary health care for preventing under-five mortality in Rwanda and Bangladesh: Lessons from an implementation study during the Millennium Development Goal period and the early period of COVID-19.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to disruptions of health service delivery in many countries; some were more resilient in either limiting or rapidly responding to the disruption than others. We used mixed methods implementation research to understand factors and strategies associated with resiliency in Rwanda and Bangladesh, focussing on how evidence-based interventions targeting amenable under-five mortality that had been used during the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) period (2000-15) were maintained during the early period of COVID-19. We triangulated data from three sources - a desk review of available documents, existing quantitative data on evidence-based intervention coverage, and key informant interviews - to perform a comparative analysis using multiple case studies methodology, comparing contextual factors (barriers or facilitators), implementation strategies (existing from 2000-15, new, or adapted), and implementation outcomes across the two countries. We also analysed which health system resiliency capabilities were present in the two countries. Both countries experienced many of the same facilitators for resiliency of evidence-based interventions for children under five, as well as new, pandemic-specific barriers during the early COVID-19 period (March to December 2020) that required targeted implementation strategies in response. Common facilitators included leadership and governance and a culture of accountability, while common barriers included movement restrictions, workload, and staff shortages. We saw a continuity of implementation strategies that had been associated with success in care delivery during the MDG period, including data use for monitoring and decision-making, as well as building on community health worker programmes for community-based health care delivery. New or adapted strategies used in responding to new barriers included the expanded use of digital platforms. We found implementation outcomes and strong resilience capabilities, including awareness and adaptiveness, which were related to pre-existing facilitators and implementation strategies (continued and new). The strategies and contextual factors Rwanda and Bangladesh leveraged to build 'everyday resilience' before COVID-19, i.e. during the MDG period, likely supported the maintained delivery of the evidence-based interventions targeting under-five mortality during the early stages of the pandemic. Expanding our understanding of pre-existing factors and strategies that contributed to resilience before and during the pandemic is important to support other countries' efforts to incorporate 'everyday resilience' into their health systems.

AGENCY AND POWER OF COASTAL COMMUNITIES: Assembling Micro Infrastructures as Everyday Resistance and Resilience in North Jakarta's Port

AbstractThe rise of the global supply chain has intensified the circulation of goods and capital across the world. While the body of literature on the politics and political‐economy aspects of logistical expansion has grown, little attention has been given to understanding how coastal fishers’ communities interact with the ongoing development of mega infrastructure. I argue that it is essential to place spatial and temporal specificity at the centre of analysis to further understanding of everyday resistance and resilience. In this article, I use a case study of the Port development in Jakarta to argue that renegotiating and reworking space and place amid the development of the mega port is a form of nonviolent everyday resistance and resilience that operates under, but also against, the capitalist political‐economy configuration. I focus on everyday resistance, particularly Asef Bayat's concept of quiet encroachment, and resilience literature to demonstrate the development and contested usage of micro and temporary infrastructures, both at household and community levels, as a material example of how diverse groups in communities exercise their agency and power, and express everyday resistance and resilience differently. Through this article, I aim to contribute to the broader literature on a situated political urban ecology, particularly on everyday resistance and resilience in postcolonial urbanism.

Resilience in the Finnish-Russian Border Region and Russia’s War against Ukraine: From the Perspective of Locally Engaged People

Abstract The article deals with people’s resilience in the Finnish-Russian border region. The authors first show how inhabitants of the EU’s longest external border slowly acquired cross-border contacts and co-operation after a long period of war between 1939 and 1945. In the later parts, using a case study, they describe how the Russian war against Ukraine has drastically changed the life of the inhabitants of the Finnish-Russian border region. Nevertheless, a special group of inhabitants of this region practice everyday resilience in many ways: they try to live and maintain their relations as they did before the war.

A post-COVID-19 assessment of resilience of nurses and paramedical workers in municipal hospitals of urban Pune, India.

To assess the resilience of primary healthcare workers (HCWs) by determining the factors associated with developing resilience post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A cross-sectional study in selected municipal hospitals. Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was used to assess the resilience of the 245 HCWs, including the nurses and paramedics working in Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) hospitals in Pune City. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent-samples t-test and correlational analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28. The mean resilience score of the HCWs in PMC hospitals post-COVID-19 was 75.09 (±9.25). The score for hardiness, optimism, resourcefulness and purpose was 20.15 (±3.87), 21.22 (±3.39), 17.24 (±2.76) and 16.40 (±2.17), respectively. Seven factors were significantly associated with the resilience of nurses and paramedics, namely age (P < 0.001), work experience (P < 0.001), monthly income (P < 0.001), having faced financial problems during COVID-19 (P < 0.001), hospital setting (P < 0.05), marital status (P < 0.01) and professional category (P < 0.001). In addition, 60% of the participants reported mental health issues due to routine workloads such as irritation/anger, frustration and tension/worry, fatigue and work-related stress, and sadness and anxiety. Suggestions for improvement were mainly increasing human resources, proper management, skilled staff, improved facilities and funding, and cooperation among staff. The resilience of primary HCWs in Pune post-COVID-19 was higher than HCWs in other countries assessed during COVID-19. Further, resilience was found more among nurses than paramedics. Modifiable factors affecting resilience must be addressed to improve the resilience of HCWs to build everyday resilience and strengthen health systems for public health emergencies.

The impact of COVID-19 on the resilience of rural and island Scotland: implications for transitioning to a resilient rural and island future

ABSTRACT Negligible attention has been given to how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted upon social and economic attributes of rural and island (R&I) places. The paper considers impacts of COVID-19 on the resilience of Scottish R&I communities during the crisis or emergency stage of the pandemic and then after its shift to what may be described as an everyday disruption, suggesting ways that communities could transition to a resilient future in a post-COVID world. The paper’s longitudinal, qualitative, Scotland-wide, and holistic assessment of community change and responses represents a novel approach to exploring the impacts of the pandemic on resilience between 2020 and 2022. It allows greater understanding to be gained about both the pandemic’s impacts on socio-economic aspects of Scottish R&I communities and the implications for transitioning to a more resilient post COVID-19 rural world. The paper reports that, when those who participated in the research discussed transitioning to a new future for R&I places, their thoughts about how it should change altered over time. Specifically, by addressing dual discourses of emergency and everyday resilience, the paper identifies how the impacts of COVID-19 affected resilience during different stages of the pandemic and what might be learned about ongoing resilience in R&I communities.

The critical role of community networks in building everyday resilience – Insights from the urban villages of Surabaya

The resilience of a community facing hazards and disastrous events is determined by the degree to which the community owns necessary resources and the capacity to self-organise before, during, and after disasters. Social networks are a key aspect of this ability to self-organise and support their participants in the midst of stresses and shocks. Such networks can help address both large-scale and everyday disasters through a range of measures. This research, therefore, aims to understand how community networks can build resilience, using two detailed case studies from urban kampung (village) communities in Surabaya. A variety of methods, including network analysis, are applied to engage and evaluate the resilience of the communities.The analyses of community networks integrate places for interactions, activities, key actors, impacts on community resilience and strategies for strengthening community networks. The findings suggest three important support networks can enhance community resilience. These comprise of neighbours' networks, women's networks and political networks. This research therefore serves as a significant and strategic tool for policy makers, city planners, and researchers to better understand how community networks can contribute to everyday resilience and support communities to survive and ultimately thrive.

7.M. Workshop: Rethinking health system resilience for Europe: Health System Functions in a time of Permacrisis

Abstract Health system resilience has become a concept of growing interest among academics, policy and decision makers, practitioners and health service managers over the past decade, given the notable increase in catastrophic events, or shocks, that directly impact health systems. The focus on health system resilience intensified following the global economic crash in 2008 and more recently with the Covid-19 pandemic. Understanding health system resilience has never been more essential. Learning from past shocks is important for health system resilience, building back better rather than reverting to the status quo, thereby poising health systems for better preparedness in the future. In many European countries hardest hit by the financial crisis there were limited learnings and the health system remained in a state of “semi-crisis” when faced with the next shock, the Covid-19 pandemic. However, in contrast to the austerity years, this period was characterised by an influx of funding and resources to the health service, and in many countries this empowered agile decision-making and allowed for innovative service provision. Also in contrast to the financial shock, there was no recovery period following the pandemic, with the onset of the cost-of-living crisis following quickly. This raises the question of whether health systems are entering a state of permacrisis and, if so, what can be done to promote and support health system resilience. The objective of this session is to improved understanding and practice of health system resilience by exploring recent experiences of managing shocks across several health system functions and drawing on country experiences. This session explores and evaluates health system functions that must individually and collectively be addressed in order for health systems to become resilient and sustainable. To accomplish this, four topics will be addressed: 1) building health system resilience in and through service delivery in Europe; 2) the critical role of financing in the development of health system resilience in Europe; 3) how international health system austerity responses impacted health system and workforce resilience, and 4) rethinking health system resilience and reviewing the relationships between absorption, adaptation and transformation in shock and everyday health system resilience drawing on the Irish experience. Bringing together these presentations will allow a collective examination by the audience and presenters of the key challenges and lessons for European health systems alongside some reflection on the development of theory. Each presenter will be given a strict deadline of 10 minutes by the chair and then the audience will be invited to debate the problems identified and strategies proposed to review learnings and next steps for building better understanding and practice of health system resilience across Europe. Key messages • This session will improve understanding of the concept and application of health system resilience to European health systems to allow for better handling of shocks. • Strategies for building health system resilience across financing, governance, service delivery and human resources derived from country studies will be identified, debated and evaluated.

What Got You through Lockdown?

What Got You through Lockdown?

Frequency and factors related to substance use among Black individuals aged 15-40 years old in Canada: The role of everyday racial discrimination.

Despite evidence that Black individuals are confronted with various types of racial discrimination that put them at risk for alcohol and substance use disorders, no study in Canada has assessed the frequency and factors related to substance use in Black communities. This study thus aims to examine the frequency and factors related to substance use in Black communities in Canada. A total of 845 Black individuals in Canada (76.6% female) completed questionnaires assessing substance use (i.e., alcohol, cannabis, and other drugs), everyday racial discrimination, resilience, religious involvement, and sociodemographic information. Multivariable regression analyses were used to determine factors related to substance use among Black individuals. The findings showed that 14.8% (95% CI [8.60, 20.94]) of participants reported using any substance (i.e., alcohol, cannabis, and other drugs) in the past 12 months. Men reported a significantly higher frequency of substance use than women (25.7% vs. 11.1%; x² = 27.67, p < .001). Everyday racial discrimination (ß = .27, p < .001) and place of birth (born in Canada, ß = .14, p < .001) were positively associated with substance use, whereas it was negatively associated with religiosity, resilience, and gender (being a female; ß = -.08, p < .05; ß = -.21, p < .001; ß = -.12, p < .001). Racial discrimination is associated with substance use among Black individuals in Canada. The study findings inform potential prevention and intervention strategies by examining protective factors related to substance use (e.g., religiosity, resilience, gender) among Black individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

The impact of grit on the academic buoyancy of Filipino undergraduate students engaged in distance learning

ABSTRACT Previous studies have revealed that academic buoyancy, or everyday academic resilience, have become more important amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study was conducted to ascertain if determination and passion for attaining long-term aspirations, or grit, would facilitate the academic buoyancy of Filipino undergraduate students who are engaged in distance learning. Through quota sampling, 114 Filipino college learners (57 males, 57 females) aged 18 and above were recruited to complete an online survey which included the Triarchic Model of Grit Scale (TMGS) and Academic Buoyancy Scale (ABS). Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that grit had a positive impact on academic buoyancy while controlling for demographic variables. It was also identified that the grit dimension of adaptability to situations was the most significant predictor of academic buoyancy and that the demographic characteristics of the participants were not associated with their capability to cope and stay afloat on a day-to-day basis. The results provide interesting insights about the relationship between the triarchic model of grit and academic buoyancy in the collectivist setting.

Alone and Together: Resilience in a Fluid Socio-Technical-Natural System

Disruption to routines is an increasingly common part of everyday life. With the roots of some disruptions in the interconnectedness of the world and environmental and socio-political instability, there is good reason to believe that conditions that cause widespread disruption will persist. Individuals, communities, and systems are thus challenged to engage in resilience practices to deal with both acute and chronic disruption. Our interest is in chronic, everyday resilience, and the role of both technology and non-technical adaptation practices engaged by individuals and communities, with a specific focus on practices centered in nature. Foregrounding nature's role allows close examination of environmental adversity and nature as part of adaptivity. We add to the CSCW and HCI literature on resilience by examining long-distance hikers, for whom both the sources of adversity and the mitigating resilience processes cut across the social, the technical, and the environmental. In interviews with 12 long-distance hikers we find resilience practices that draw upon technology, writ large, and nature in novel assemblages, and leverage fluid configurations of the individual and the community. We place our findings in the context of a definition for resilience that emphasizes a systems view at multiple scales of social organization. We make three primary contributions: (1) we contribute an empirical account of resilience in a contextual setting that complements prior CSCW resilience studies, (2) we add nuance to existing models for resilience to reflect the role of technology as both a resilience tool and a source of adversity, and (3) we identify the need for new designs that integrate nature into systems as a way to foster collaborative resilience. This nuanced understanding of the role of technology in individual and community resilience in and with nature provides direction for technology design that may be useful for everyday disrupted life.

Exploring everyday resilience in the creative industries through devised theatre: A case of performing arts students and recent graduates in Ghana

The concept of resilience has become widely used to account for how people respond both to acute crisis and, increasingly, to protracted precarity. Yet, cultural studies theorists have also vigorously critiqued resilience discourse as a tool of neoliberal governmentality. In this article, we turn from the discourse of resilience to the practice of resilience. We argue, through a case of theatre students and recent graduates in Ghana, that the practice of resilience can be both individual and collective. Moreover, we show that resilience practices involve the exercise of agency at various scales through the specific practices of coping, reworking, and resisting. Finally, we show the merits of using artistic research methods, such as devised theatre, to unveil the complex ways that creatives practice resilience in the everyday.

Accessibility to Hong Kong urban waterfront Is it fostering resilient communities?

Resilience is a broad concept which has been widely used in numerous studies, examining various elements of the built form that relate to environmental, social, and economic resources. Open spaces became highly regarded as essential for liveable and resilient cities, at the same time intensifying urbanization challenges the appropriate provision of open spaces and consequently, exacerbates social disparities and risks. More specifically, urban waterfronts have been investigated for their potential of providing vibrant urban public spaces and building everyday resilience. However, the function of waterfront promenades in Hong Kong have been subject to commercialisation in favour of city branding and tourist attraction. This research focuses on examining three waterfront promenades in Hong Kong: Sheung Wan; Quarry Bay and Kwun Tong with the aim to study urban configuration and accessibility contribution to the vitality potential of these spaces and their contribution to everyday resilience. The results provides design indicators for better, more vibrant waterfront open space design that foster everyday resilience.

Everyday resilience: Rural communities as agents of change in peatland social-ecological systems

The ability to maintain livelihoods in the face of major environmental, political, economic and social stresses is fundamental to building resilient social and ecological communities. This research examines the place community has in this challenge and specifically the role of community involvement in the conservation of peatland social-ecological systems. It explores transformative change at local levels and the relational networks, diverse economies and range of resources communities draw on to achieve this change. Evidence is drawn from a survey, interviews and three case studies of rural community groups in the Irish midlands to provide an overview of local dynamics in peatland conservation and wider issues of place-based development and adaptation. Drawing on theoretical insights from resilience, resourcefulness and diverse economies scholarship, this research reveals the role of local communities in both adapting to, and enacting, change through everyday forms of resilience that are commonplace and ubiquitous in people's lives yet often invisible and under-valued. Thematic areas are identified which provide insights into how communities are: engaging in diverse work practices that foster ecological livelihoods and planetary well-being; co-creating community science projects through local networks and multi-level partnerships; and developing management and stewardship cultures that emphasise collaboration, co-operation and the commons. This research will help actors at a variety of scales to plan and implement more collaborative and inclusive research and restoration programs for peatland conservation. It also has relevance for regions with landscapes in transition that seek to initiate equitable community capacity-building programs and diverse economies in the shift from extractive to regenerative land use. These transitions will require investment and resources both for ecosystem restoration and the relational networks that are so crucial to the work of building the collaborative communities, cultures and economies of the future.

Emotional Labor in Everyday Resilience: Class-Based Experiences of Navigating Unemployment Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic in the U.S.

During the COVID-19 global health crisis, institutions, policymakers, and academics alike have called for practicing resilience to overcome its ongoing disruptions. This paper contributes a comparative study of the job search experiences of working-class and upper-middle-class job seekers, particularly in relation to their resilience practices during the pandemic. Drawing from in-depth interviews with 12 working-class and 11 upper-middle-class job seekers in the U.S., we unpack challenges resulting from both the pandemic and unemployment and job seekers' novel practices of navigating these challenges in their everyday disrupted life. Job seekers' ongoing negotiation with their resources, situations, and surroundings gives practical meanings to building everyday resilience, which we theorize as an ongoing process of becoming resilient. While job seekers across classes experienced similar challenges, working-class job seekers took on additional emotional labor in their everyday resilience due to their limited experience in the digital job search space, competition with higher-degree holding job seekers applying for the same jobs, limited social support networks, and at times, isolation. By foregrounding the uneven distribution of emotional labor in realizing the promise of resilience along class lines, this work cautions against the romanticization of resilience and calls for a more critical and nuanced understanding of resilience in CSCW.

Virtual Vessels of Empowerment: Exploring Everyday Resilience Building Tactics in Online Forums Focused on Nurturing Professional Development of Women in Technical Domains

ABSTRACTWork and learning are essential facets of our existence, yet socio‐cultural barriers may limit access and opportunity in such contexts. Women historically have faced several restrictions that have hindered their entry into professional ventures. Such constraints also manifest in technical domains, due to the sociocultural barriers in these fields which have placed such voices at the margins. These barriers have been associated with strife, turmoil, and emotional strain for those affected. Hence, it is important to investigate how women can subvert such structural limitations and can find channels through which they can seek support and guidance to navigate their careers. Motivated by this aim, this work through mixed inferences drawn from content and emotion analysis of 1,062 conversational threads embarks on a preliminary investigation of a subreddit (r/girlsgonewired) to understand the ways in which community practices may emerge in such channels to provide various dimensions of support and resilience‐building to help manage the struggles and travails of everyday life. The long‐term goal for this work is to address the way in which such channels can be designed, maintained, and curated to offer spaces for enrichment, empowerment, and advocacy with a focus on professional development for women in technical domains.

Discrimination, resilience, and HIV testing frequency among black women seeking services from STD clinics

RationaleIn the United States, Black women are disproportionately affected by HIV, accounting for most new HIV infections diagnosed among women. Socio-structural barriers to HIV testing include stigma and discrimination but may be mitigated by resilience. ObjectiveWe aimed to examine the effect of discrimination and resilience on HIV testing behaviors among Black women. MethodsBetween 2016 and 2018, we conducted The ESSENCE Project, a retrospective cohort study on the role of physiological and environmental factors on the association between sexual assault and HIV risk among Black women in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Black women aged 18-44 were recruited from public health STD clinics and completed an audio-computer-assisted self-interview survey. Hierarchical multiple negative binomial regression models were used to examine the associations of everyday discrimination (subtle and overt) and resilience on HIV testing frequency; resilience and its subscales (relational maintenance, personal fortitude, positive coping, independence and insight) were also examined as moderators. ResultsAmong 236 Black women reporting HIV testing history, the median number of lifetime HIV tests was 4 (IQR = 2, 6). Mean everyday discrimination was 2.3 (SD = 1.2). Mean resilience was 5.3 (SD = 0.8). Everyday discrimination and its subscales (overt and subtle) were negatively associated with lifetime HIV testing frequency, while overall resilience was not associated with lifetime HIV testing frequency. Accounting for demographics, overall resilience moderated the association of subtle discrimination and lifetime HIV testing frequency. For the resilience subscales, more specifically: (1) associations of subtle discrimination and HIV testing frequency were significant at the lowest relational maintenance and lowest positive coping resilience; and (2) the association of subtle discrimination and HIV testing frequency was significant at the highest resilience for all four subscales. ConclusionsThese findings highlight the need for provider- and community-level interventions addressing the deleterious effects of everyday discrimination and more specifically subtle everyday discrimination to encourage HIV testing.