In China, with the steady increase of investment in scientific research, there has been an improvement in research and growing numbers of research papers, which enable the country to establish and publish its first-class scientific, technical, and medical (STM) journals that adhere to international standards. To enhance the publication of STM journals in China, a complete understanding of their social function is primarily required. STM journals are an important tool for promoting a country’s scientific and technological innovation as well as its discursive power in science and technology. They are essential for leading the direction of scientific research; safeguarding a country’s security in science, technology, and culture; nurturing scientific spirit and methods; and winning international respect. Additionally, STM journals are an important component of a nation’s cultural industries, demonstrated by the fact that the highest-level journals are also the most profitable journals worldwide. Being an integral part of science and technology work, STM journals should be understood and managed as per scientific-research laws. First, we should make conscientious efforts to encourage and promote the vigorous development of STM journals alongside the progress of science and technology. Second, we should accurately understand the difficulties we face as well as the conditions that favor STM publications. Third, enhancing the publication of STM journals is a major task for a huge country like China, and hence, we should orient it scientifically, build our discursive power, and emphasize independence as well as international cooperation in the production, communication, and evaluation of research papers. While top-level design is a priority, we should employ a strategy that encourages the creation of first-class STM journals in the disciplines and industries in which China has an advantage, and induce the formation of a cluster effect by developing high-quality journals in our national specialties. Large publishing groups and major STM publishing houses as well should place special emphasis on the development of such journals. Moreover, the government should provide greater policy support and more funding, particularly for developing large and efficient STM communication platforms.