Evaluation Of Morphometric Parameters Research Articles

Evaluation of Morphometric Parameters in Pcos Rats Treated with Standardized Aronia melanocarpa L. Extract and/or Metformin

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents endocrine disorder which impacts women in the reproductive age. Due to the side effects of medications and the subsequent discontinuation of therapy, the influence of alternative medicine is increasing. The aim of this study was to investigate morphometric parameters and ovarian and adipose tissue histological structure in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome treated by standardized Aronia melanocarpa extract (SEA) and/or metformin. 24 animals with induced PCOS were divided into 4 groups: PCOS group, PCOS+MET group (treated with metformin), PCOS+SEA group (treated with aronia melanocarpa extract), and PCOS+MET+SEA (treated with metformin and aronia melanocarpa extract). Final body weight and body weight gain were significantly lower after all three type of treatments. Ovary weight was reduces in all three treated groups, while relative ovary weight was significantly lower only in SEA treated rats. However, both MET treated groups expressed lower adipocyte area, while adipocyte diameter was lowered only after combined treatment. Lower number of cysts and greater number of corpora lutea were registered in all treated groups. Our study highlights the significant impact of these interventions on morphometric parameters, indicating their potential to address obesity, a prevalent comorbidity in PCOS. Notably, the reduction in adipocyte size and the modulation of adipose tissue morphology suggest a potential avenue for ameliorating metabolic dysregulations associated with PCOS. Future research endeavors should aim to comprehensively address the multifaceted nature of this syndrome, with a view towards developing integrated therapeutic approaches that offer renewed hope for individuals grappling with PCOS-related challenges.

Prioritization of Sub-watersheds through morphometric analysis in the Lower Hiranyakeshi Sub-basin, Karnataka

In the present study, eight sub-watersheds are prioritized in Hiranyakeshi lower sub-basin based on the morphometric analysis using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System. An evaluation of morphometric parameters is conducted to determine the potential of sub-watersheds. Sub-watersheds were prioritised as they are the most vulnerable and require more attention for water conservation and exploration measures. According to the results, three sub-watersheds are falling under high category, four are moderate and one sub-watershed falls under low category. The findings of this study may be useful to numerous stakeholders involved in watershed development and management projects.

Evaluation of morphometric parameters of the optic disc in patients with diverse clinical forms of openangle glaucoma

Purpose. To compare the thickness of the prelaminar layer of nerve fibers and the depth of the lamina cribrosa in patients with diverse forms of open-angle glaucoma, measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT).Material and methods. 130 patients aged 71.4 ± 9.7 with stage II (advanced) glaucoma were divided into three groups depending on the form of glaucoma: group 1 of 39 patients with primary openangle glaucoma (POAG); group 2 of 26 patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG); group 3 of 22 patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG). The control group consisted of 43 patients without ophthalmic pathology. All patients were scanned for the optic disc and the macular areas in the OCT Disk + Macula 3D regimen and in the Disk Raster regimen (Optopol Revo 60 OCT device (Optopol Technology, Poland). The depth of the lamina cribrosa (LC) and the thickness of the prelaminar layer of nerve fibers (tPLNF) were calculated.Results. No significant differences were found between the LC depth in patients with different forms of glaucoma compared with the control group. LC depth averaged 426.9 ± 98.7 μm (p < 0.164) in patients with POAG, 416.9 ± 161.0 μm (p < 0.818) with NTG and 425.5 ± 88.04 μm, (p < 0.18) with PEG. The thinnest layer of prelaminar nerve fibers was found in patients with NTG (134,0 ± 91.4 μM), where the value was half as much as the control (p < 0.001). There were no differences in the tPNFL parameter in POAG (193.2 ± 114.6 μm) and PEG (190.7 ± 115.3 μm) but both were significantly lower as compared to the control group (p < 0.001, p < 0.002) respectively.Conclusion. The study of LC parameters contributes to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of optic neuropathy in diverse forms of glaucoma. It opens up new opportunities in the differential diagnosis and prediction of the glaucoma course.

Application of the Compound Factor for Runoff Potential in Sub-watersheds Prioritisation Based on Quantitative Morphometric Analysis

Abstract Accurate watershed delineation and drainage system extraction are critical tasks for the hydrological and geomorphological model. Watershed morphology evaluation is very important for flood control and recovery planning. It is beneficial for understanding the basin’s hydrology. In this study, the Rel river basin was selected, located in Gujarat, India. This study deals with the runoff potential in the semi-gauged Rel river basin depending on the detailed morphometric study. The Survey of India (SOI) topographic sheet (1:50000) and geographical information system (GIS) tools have been used for the detailed study in the evaluation of morphometric parameters. For accuracy in flat terrain, a topographic sheet has been used instead of DEM. Manually digitise the drainage from the SOI topographic sheet to precisely divide the watershed boundary; after that, the Rel basin has been divided into five sub-watersheds (SWs), namely, SW1 SW2, SW3, SW4 and SW5. Twenty-eight morphometric parameters have been calculated for each sub-watershed (SW). For runoff potential, twenty-one effective morphometric parameters have been selected based on previous studies.A compound factor (CF) model has been used for the SWs prioritisation. Twenty-one effective morphometric parameters have been considered in the CF model. The model results indicated that SW2 has a very-high runoff potential, and SW3 has a very-low runoff potential. The methodology developed and the results presented here will be critical in developing a comprehensive sub-watershed management plan. The work’s results can better understand the topography, nature of the basin, and the delineation of a suitable soil conservation site and mitigate flash floods in the flat region.

Application of the Chow method for evaluation of morphometric parameters of the sunflower root system

When growing sunflower, great importance is provided to the issue of accumulation and preservation of moisture in deep soil horizons, which in turn affects the productivity of crops. In arid regions, providing plants with moisture is of particular importance. The technologies of conservation agriculture in relation to sunflower cultivation allow varying the depth of autumn tillage from 17 to 33 cm, which, in combination with the metered use of mineral fertilizers and considering the difference in moisture consumption for the growing season from a meter layer of soil, provide an increase in yield compared to the traditional main autumn tillage. Moreover, the ratio of income from the sale of sunflower seeds grown in an arid steppe to production costs depends on the combination of the depth of strip processing and the dose of fertilization. Wherein, in the main zones of commercial sunflower production, high yield increases are provided by the application of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers, which contribute to the intensive formation of underground vegetative organs, which has unlimited growth in length and positive geotropism. The article presents the results of the application of multivariate regression analysis to study the morphobiological features of formation of the root system of sunflower grown using Strip-Till technology on the experimental field of the Povolzhye Educational and Scientific Production Association of the Saratov State Agrarian University named after N.I. Vavilov. The results of the morphometric assessment indicate a better development of the root system of plants in the treated strips compared to traditional types of basic tillage. To determine the limits of applicability of the piecewise linear regression model and develop practical recommendations for implementation of resource-saving potential of the Strip-Till technology in the dry steppe zone of the South-East of Russia used a reliable and sensitive criterion based on the method of J. Chow.

ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE LEAVES OF SORBUS AUCUPARIA L. IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT (ON THE EXAMPIE OF ORENBURG)

In urban areas, trees play an essential role to cleanse the airborne toxic pollution in the environment. The species Sorbus aucuparia L. was studied as a biological indicator of toxic heavy metals pollution in the city of Orenburg, Russia. The impact of airborne pollution was assessed by the evaluation of morphometric parameters and the chemical analysis of leaves. The rowan leaves were collected in Orenburg in areas exposed to anthropogenic intervention of various degree. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and Fe in leaf samples were compared. It was found that the concentration of heavy metals in plants growing in the city is higher than in the control samples and decreases in the order Cd ˃ Cu ˃ Pb ˃ Zn ˃ Fe. The biological monitoring can be used to study environmental pollution as an environmentally sustainable tool for environmental management in urban areas.

Evaluation of morphometric parameters and hypsometric curve of Arkavathy river basin using RS and GIS techniques

Water availability and water scarcity in a river basin are influenced by the geomorphological processes occurring within a river basin. Therefore, quantitative evaluation of the river basin shape provides a crucial lead in assessment of the impact of geomorphological processes on the hydrology of the basin. Arkavathy river basin has been selected for the present study. The basin with an annual average rainfall of 874.87 mm is a persistent water scarce basin located in Cauvery river basin in south India. The basin has been subjected to rapid urbanization due to which there is an increased water demand over a period of time. Hence, to tackle the growing water scarcity and reoccurrence of droughts in the basin, an attempt has been made in the present study to investigate and understand the basin morphometry and derivation of hypsometric curve of Arkavathy river basin using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Quantitative evaluation of basin morphometry has been made, and the impact of basin morphometry on the peak runoff and flooding in the basin has been assessed. The basin hypsometric curve has aided in assessment of the erosion status of the basin and its impact on the risk of sedimentation on water bodies. The morphometric parameters and hypsometric curve are then analysed to investigate the potential impact of the basin morphometry on the water availability and water scarcity afflicting the basin.

Automatic detection and characterization of Lunar Wrinkle ridges

Abstract Related computational advances, across various geoscience disciplines, have led to development of an upcoming field: Computers & Geosciences. This multidisciplinary research area is attracting interest of both computer science and planetary/space scientists since last two decades. Under this domain, the most significant area which is gaining importance is application of computational intelligence to automatically extract landforms present on planetary surfaces and determine their morphometric attributes. Wrinkle ridges are one of the common features on lunar surface that need to be explored more for further computation and analysis. This paper focuses on application of image processing approaches for automatic detection of wrinkle ridges and evaluation of morphometric parameters like length, width, orientation and area. The software developed was tested on DEMs (Data Elevation Model) of lunar wrinkle ridges utilizing SLDEM (Selene Lunar Data Elevation Model) data set. The test dataset comprises of 9 lunar wrinkle ridges having 62 segments with a total length of 1414 km. The results were verified by manual calculations using QGIS software. The software was found to perform with a mean percentage deviation varying from 3.10 to 5.97 for different parameters

Evaluation of Morphometric Parameters Derived from CartoDEM and Aster GDEM with SOI Toposheets of Kumudvathi Watershed Basin, Karnataka, India

From three different sources viz. survey of India topographic map (1:50,000), CartoDEM (10 mts) and Aster GDEM (30 mts) morphometric parameters are derived and evaluated. Manually digitized the drainage network from toposheets and extracted drainage network system from CartoDEM and Aster GDEM using ArcGIS 10.2 software. Basic, derived and shape parameters are considered for basin analysis. The mean bifurcation ratio of the given basin for CartoDEM & Aster GDEM are having nearby values and also indicates some sort of geological control, high stream frequency (Fs) is indicative of high relief and low infiltration capacity of the bedrock pointing towards the increase in stream population with respect to increase in drainage density, low drainage density (Dd) leads to coarse drainage texture, value of Lg for topographic, CartoDEM and Aster GDEM data indicating very fine texture & fine texture respectively. From the shape parameters the Kumudvathi watershed indicates it is sub-circular and elongated. The results from the high resolution data will have the nearby values and less of % variation, whereas in low resolution data % of variation is more and will not meet criteria.

Evaluation of Morphometric Parameters—A Remote Sensing and GIS Based Approach

Land and water resources are generally depleting due to rapid increase in population, urbanization and industrialization. The demand has increased tremendously for these resources; hence optimal utilization of them is essential for sustainable development. In the present study, detailed morphometric parameters of the Banas river basin has been carried out. The river Banas originating from the Khamnor hills of the Aravalli ranges (about 5 kms from Kumbalgarh) is one of the major rivers of the state which, in its entire course, flows through Rajasthan. It flows from Kumbalgarh towards the south upto Gogunda plateau and after cutting the Aravalli ranges at right angles, it flows through Nathdwara, Rajsamand and Railmagra. The total area of the Banas river basin is 702.55 km2. Detailed drainage map was prepared from SOI (Survey of India) toposheets (45h/5 and 45h/9) and was updated using IRS-P6, LISS-III (Precision geocoded) data of 7th May, 2010 using ARC GIS software. For detailed study, Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) was used for delineating watershed boundary using SAGA GIS software. GIS techniques has been used for assessing various morphometric characteristics of the drainage basin, as they provide a flexible environment and a powerful tool for the manipulation and analysis of spatial information particularly for the feature identification and extraction of information for better understanding. In the present study, the GIS analysis techniques were used to evaluate linear and areal morphometric parameters of the basin. Drainage patterns are mainly dendritic to sub-dendritic with fifth order drainage. Banas river basin possess high drainage density which is indicative of less permeable material, sparse vegetative cover and moderate to high relief.

Drainage morphometry and its influence on landforms in volcanic terrain, Central Anatolia, Turkey

An evaluation of morphometric parameters was made to study drainage morphometry and its influence on landform processes, flood and erosion characteristic in subbasins which are located in volcanic terrain between Niğde and Aksaray Province SW Cappadocia, Central Anatolia. The study area was divided into 28 subbasins. The high flood potentiality exists on the high volcanic cones, dom, dissected foot of mountains and the high parts of plateaus covering the 13 subbasins, and are associated with high slope, shape of subbasins, impermeable geology and sparce vegetation. The moderate flood potentiality exists on the plateaus covering the 9 subbasins and is associated with high drainage density, high stream frequency, high bifurcation ratio and high slope conditions; although these subbasins have long narrow shapes. The low flood potentiality exists on plains covering 5 subbasins and is associated with low slopes and its long narrow shape. Analysis of drainage morphometry helps to understand inter-relationships between landforms and flood potentiality for planning and management in basins.

Evaluation of Morphometric Parameters of Native Blood Cells by Atomic Force Microscopy

We propose and tested a method for studies of native blood cells by atomic-force microscopy in a humid chamber preserving viability, size, and shape of biological objects. The method has some advantages over scanning in a liquid cell: it allows studying non-fixed blood samples in the form of suspension of live cells and excludes mechanical and chemical influences on the cells.

Changes in the thymus of peripubertal rats induced by centrally applied somatostatin-28.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of centrally applied somatostatin-28 on morphometric characteristics of the thymus, the thymocyte subpopulations, as well as, on apoptosis and phases of cell cycle in thymocytes. For this purpose, peripubertal male rats were cannulated intracerebroventriculary and treated with repeated, nanomolar concentrations of somatostatin-28 (experimental group) or saline (control group). Animals were sacrificed and their thymuses were used for the analysis of thymocyte subpopulations, cell cycle and apoptosis by flow cytometry and for the evaluation of morphometric parameters by stereological analysis. Our results showed that somatostatin-28 caused decrease of the thymic mass and volume, as well as total thymocytes number. Stereological analysis revealed volume decrease of thymic cortex and medulla accompanied with cellularity decrease. Somatostatin in the deeper cortex decreased the number of thymocytes, per volume unit, while in outer cortex raised their number. A significant increase in the percentage of double-negative and both single-positive thymocyte subpopulations, in parallel with a diminished percentage of double-positive cells was found. The cellularity of double-positive and single-positive thymocyte subpopulations was decreased. Somatostatin-28 treatment augmented the percentage of apoptotic cells, while the percentage of the cells represented in phases of cell cycle was reduced. These results suggest that somatostatin-28 induce thymus hypotrophy as result of decreasing cortex and medulla volume and cellularity. Changes in the percentage and cellularity of thymocyte subpopulations and numerical density of thymocytes in outer and deeper cortex, indicate that somatostatin-28 evoked disturbance in transition of double-negative to double-positive thymocytes.