Evaluation Of Microleakage Research Articles

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Direct Tooth-colored Restorative Materials on Class V Cavities: An In Vitro Study

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Direct Tooth-colored Restorative Materials on Class V Cavities: An In Vitro Study

Microleakage Assessment of Repaired Pit and Fissure Sealants Using Different Surface Treatment – An In vitro Study

ABSTRACT Aim: In this in vitro study, the microleakage evaluation of repaired pit and fissure sealants with various surface treatments was compared. Study Design: The study included 120 extracted human third molars. The teeth were divided into two groups of 60 each. Group 1 was sealed with Clinpro™ unfilled sealant, while group 2 was sealed with Grandioseal nanofilled sealants. After curing, half of the polymerized sealant were removed. Both groups were divided further into two subgroups of 30 teeth each, with repair techniques using either Adper Easy One or Futura Bond. Three sections were obtained from each tooth resulting 6 surfaces per tooth to be examined and the sections of all four groups were scored for microleakage. Results: Conventional acid etching was found to be superior to self-etch adhesive technique. Conclusion: Microleakage was found to be greater with Grandio seal compared to Clinpro.

Evaluation of microleakage between direct and indirect bonding techniques using APCTM Flash free, APCTM II and conventional Brackets.

Evaluation of microleakage between direct and indirect bonding techniques using APCTM Flash free, APCTM II and conventional Brackets.

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Posterior Primary Tooth Restorations

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Posterior Primary Tooth Restorations

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Posterior Primary Tooth Restorations

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Posterior Primary Tooth Restorations

Evaluation of Microleakage and Shear Bond Strength of Two Different Calcium-based Silicate Indirect Pulp Capping Agents When Restored with Glass Ionomer Cement and Composite Resin Restoration: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Evaluation of Microleakage and Shear Bond Strength of Two Different Calcium-based Silicate Indirect Pulp Capping Agents When Restored with Glass Ionomer Cement and Composite Resin Restoration: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Endodontically Treated Teeth Using an Alkasite Restorative Material Versus Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGIC) as an Intraorifice Barrier: A Study Protocol.

Background The most popular approach to treating pulpal and periapical disease is endodontic therapy, but the most common failure after root canal therapy, if not followed by planned rehabilitation of the tooth, is tooth fracture, which may be so severe in some cases needing extraction. Inadequate endodontic restorations increase the risk of fracture and coronal leakage, which can disseminate bacteria and their byproducts and perhaps lead to the failure of root canal therapy. In order to offer protection against masticatory forces along with compressive obturation forces that can lead to vertical root fracture, research has also supported the use of post-endodontic treatment restorative materials with an elastic modulus that is either greater or comparable to the tooth itself for post-endodontic restorations. Restorative materials that can bond to root dentin can be used to create intraorifice barriers, which prevent coronal microleakage and reinforce the radicular dentin. The current in vitro studyaims to assess the effects of various intraorifice barriers (an alkasite restorative material versus resin-modified glass ionomer cement) on the sealing ability of the intraorifice barriers following root canal therapy. Methodology In vitro, confocal laser microscopy is used to determine the microleakage of various intraorifice barriers. Conclusion The sealing ability of a post-endodontic restoration is crucial for the overall success of endodontic treatment, and this in vitro study protocol would ultimately help in selecting the appropriate intraorifice barrier.

Evaluation of microleakage of mineral trioxide aggregate and biodentine as apical barriers in simulated young permanent teeth

BackgroundApexification is a procedure that promotes apical closure by forming mineralized tissue in the apex region of a nonvital young permanent tooth. Calcium silicate-based cement like Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine are commonly employed as apical barriers to facilitate this process. Microleakage, defined as the leakage along the junction between the canal wall and filling material, is a crucial aspect to assess in MTA and Biodentine applications as apical barriers, as it directly impacts the prevention of bacterial seepage and maintenance of structural integrity. The current study aims to assess the microleakage of MTA and Biodentine when used as apical barriers in simulated young permanent teeth.MethodsFrom a total of 128 extracted teeth, 114 were selected for the study and randomly allocated into three groups: G1 (MTA), G2 (Biodentine), and G3 (Control), with 38 teeth per group. After excluding 5 teeth from each group due to issues such as canal calcification, breakage during sectioning, and procedural errors, 33 teeth were analyzed to ensure equal distribution. To simulate young permanent teeth, samples were instrumented using a person-reamer with a diameter of 1.7 mm. A 4 mm thick apical plug of MTA and Biodentine was placed in G1 and G2, respectively, while G3 was the control group. Apical microleakage in all experimental groups was assessed using a dye penetration method. Specimens were longitudinally sectioned and examined under a stereomicroscope with graded eyepiece.ResultsThe Kruskal-Wallis test revealed variations in mean apical microleakage among the groups: G1 recorded 0.67, G2–0.16, and G3–1.62, with G2 showing the lowest value and G3 group exhibiting the highest.ConclusionsBiodentine was found to excel in its ability to create a secure seal and function effectively as an apical barrier in simulated young permanent teeth. These results underscore its potential as a highly efficient material for dental applications, particularly in scenarios requiring reliable sealing and barrier formation in the root canal system of developing permanent teeth.

Evaluation of Microleakage Using Different Luting Cements in Kedo Zirconia Crowns: An In Vitro Assessment.

Introduction A space between the prepared tooth and the cemented crown can cause microleakage, allowing microorganisms to enter, which in turn leads to the breakdown of the luting cement. To achieve an optimum fit, several factors should be considered, including the type of crown used, the taper of tooth preparation, and the type of cementing agent. Aim The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the microleakage of zirconia crowns cemented with glass ionomer cement (GIC), resin-modified GIC (RMGIC), and self-adhesive resin cement. Materials Forty-five primary mandibular molars were divided into three groups: Group I receiving GIC, Group II receiving RMGIC, and Group III receiving self-adhesive resin cement. These cements were used to lute the teeth with Kedo zirconia crowns. The restored samples underwent thermal cycling and were assessed for microleakage under a stereomicroscope. For the statistical analysis, SPSS version 23.0 was used. Descriptive statistics were presented as frequencies and percentages. Analytical statistics, including the Mann Whitney U test, were used to assess the differences in the level of microleakage between the groups at p < 0.05. Results The Mann Whitney U test revealed no significant difference in the level of microleakage between GIC and RMGIC (p = 0.072). However, self-adhesive resin cement showed significantly less microleakage than GIC (p = 0.000). Similarly, when comparing RMGIC and self-adhesive resin cement, the latter showed significantly less microleakage than the former (p = 0.001). Conclusion Microleakage of Kedo zirconia crowns on mandibular first molars was highest when luted with GIC, followed by RMGIC, and was least when luted with self-adhesive resin cement.

Comparative evaluation of microleakage and penetration depth of ACP containing pit and fissure sealant and flowable composite - An in-vitro study.

The present in vitro study evaluated and compared the microleakage and penetration depth of ACP containing pit and fissure sealant with flowable composite. Sixty extracted non-carious premolars were categorized into four groups of 15 samples each. Sealant was applied after the Occlusal surfaces of the sample teeth were prophylactically treated with pumice slurry. Later, the teeth were thermocycled and immersed in methylene blue for a period of 24 hours. The samples were buccolingually sectioned and analysed under a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis was carried out to compare the microleakage and depth of penetration. Flowable nanocomposite gave comparable results with that of the sealant in terms of microleakage. Nano-hybrid flowable composite performed better with respect to depth of penetration between tested materials with the difference being statistically significant. Flowable nanocomposite can be considered as a promising substitute for sealing fissures and thus can be endorsed to caries susceptible pediatric patients. Key words:Depth of Penetration, Sealants, Microleakage.

Radiopacity and Microleakage Evaluation of Different Intermediate Materials

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the radiopacities of different types of materials with indications for application as a base under restorations and the microleakage of the final restorations with these materials applied as bases. Methods: Standart Class I cavities were prepared in 90 caries-free molar teeth. The cavities were randomly divided into 9 groups according to the type of intermediate material to be applied (n=10): 1. High flowable composite, 2. Low flowable composite, 3. Fiber reinforced composite, 4. Giomer, 5. Ormocer, 6. Alkasite, 7. Bioactive composite, 8. High viscosity glass ionomer, 9. Glass carbomer. The base materials in each group were applied to the cavity floor and restoration was completed using a nanohybrid composite resin and an universal adhesive system. To evaluate radiopacity, radiographic images were taken using direct digital system and mean gray values were measured with ImageJ software. To analyse microleakage, specimens were subjected to thermocycling, immersed in 2% methylene blue solution for 24 hours, sectioned buccolingually and leakage values observed on the half-piece surfaces were examined under a stereomicroscope and recorded. Data were analysed using One-way Analysis of Variance, Tukey HSD Test and Pearson Chi-Square with Bonferroni-corrected Z Test (p˂0.05). Results: In terms of radiopacity, while alkasite and low flowable composite showed the highest radiopacity, glass carbomer gave the lowest (p

Microleakage Evaluation and Fracture Resistance of Pulpotomized Primary Molar Restored with Fiber-Reinforced Composite with and without Stainless-Steel Crown (In-Vitro Comparative Study)

Microleakage Evaluation and Fracture Resistance of Pulpotomized Primary Molar Restored with Fiber-Reinforced Composite with and without Stainless-Steel Crown (In-Vitro Comparative Study)

A comparative evaluation of marginal fit and microleakage of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing-milled zirconia and prefabricated posterior occlusal veneers: An in vitrostudy.

The aim of this study was to compare the marginal fit of prefabricated occlusal veneers with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)-milled zirconia occlusal veneers in the posterior teeth. Forty extracted human maxillary premolars were divided into two groups of 20 each. Group 1 was prepared to receive prefabricated occlusal veneers, and Group 2 was prepared to receive CAD-CAM-milled zirconia occlusal veneers. Prefabricated samples (Edelweiss) were selected for Group 1, whereas for Group 2, the tooth preparations were scanned, and occlusal veneers were fabricated using Exocad designing software and milling machine. After luting, both the groups were submerged in dye, sectioned, and evaluated for marginal fit and microleakage under a stereomicroscope using the microscope imaging software and its measurement tool. Data collected were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 27.0. Intragroup and intergroup comparison was done using the Mann-Whitney U test. The Chi-square test was applied to check the depth of penetration of dye based on percentages. The marginal gap of zirconia occlusal veneers fabricated with CAD-CAM is higher compared to that of prefabricated occlusal veneers. Similarly, the depth of penetration of dye is higher in CAD-CAM-milled zirconia occlusal veneers than prefabricated occlusal veneers. The marginal fit of prefabricated occlusal veneer is better than the marginal fit of zirconia occlusal veneers fabricated with CAD-CAM. Similarly, it can also be concluded that the microleakage of prefabricated occlusal veneer is less compared to the CAD-CAM-milled zirconia occlusal veneers.

Comparative Evaluation of Apical Microleakage in Root Canals Containing Separated Endodontic Files: An In vitro Study

Comparative Evaluation of Apical Microleakage in Root Canals Containing Separated Endodontic Files: An In vitro Study

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Fiber-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement and Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement Restorations Immersed in Three Different Beverages: In Vitro Study.

The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the microleakage of fiber-reinforced glass ionomer cement (GIC) and conventional glass ionomer cement restorations immersed in three different beverages. A total of 96 human exfoliating deciduous molars were selected which were cleaned and disinfected. Standardized Class V cavity preparations were done and buccal surface were restored with experimental fiber-reinforced glass ionomer cement (Exp-FRGIC), lingual surface were restored with Type II conventional GIC. They were divided into four groups according to the test beverage. The samples were subjected to various immersion regimes and evaluated for microleakage under stereomicroscope. Intragroup comparison for (Exp-FRGIC) showed significant microleakage when immersed in fresh fruit juice at high immersion whereas intragroup comparison in conventional GIC, showed highest microleakage with soft drink. Intergroup comparison of (Exp-FRGIC) in high immersion regime, showed more microleakage with specimen immersed in soft drink followed by fresh fruit juice. It can thus be concluded that the three beverages used in the study affected the microleakage of both restorative materials significantly. Increasing usage of fruit juices in the pediatric diet has a definite impact on the progression of caries and it directly or indirectly affects the quality of restorations placed in the oral cavity. How to cite this article: George MA, Chandak SA, Khekade SH, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Fiber-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement and Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement Restorations Immersed in Three Different Beverages: In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(4):346-353.

Evaluation of Microleakage of Nanoparticle-incorporated Cyanoacrylate Root Canal Sealer Using the Radioisotopic Method: An In Vitro Study.

The study aimed to assess the microleakage of nanoparticle-based (NPB) cyanoacrylate sealer and epoxy resin-based (ERB) sealer using radioisotope method and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). A total of 100 single-rooted teeth were collected; specimens were accessed, instrumented, and irrigated, and randomly distributed into 4 groups of 25 samples each: Group I: Positive control, group II: Negative control, group III: Obturated with NPB sealer, and group IV: Obturated with ERB sealer. All samples were immersed in 99mTc pertechnetate solution, for 3 hours after which radioactivity was estimated under a Gamma camera. The radioactivity released by specimens before and after nail varnish removal was statistically analyzed. After 2 weeks, the same samples were used for CLSM analysis. The sealer tubular penetration depth was measured at the deepest level for each group using ZEN lite 2012. Data collected was statistically evaluated. The amount of radioactivity observed at first in group III and group IV was 194.76 and 599.12 units, respectively, with p-value < 0.001, indicating significant interaction, and after nail varnish removal, it was 89.68 and 468.44 units, respectively, with a p-value < 0.001; again, indicating statistical significance. Hence, the radioactivity of NPB sealer was found to be lower than ERB sealer in both cases, indicating better sealing of the former. The photomicrographs show that mean value of dye penetration in NPB sealer in first, second, and third segment from apex was 85.06, 75.73, and 66.09, respectively; while in the case of ERB sealer, those were 597.28, 461.17, and 195.68, respectively; with p-value < 0.001; signifying that NPB sealer exhibited higher resistance to microleakage than ERB sealer. The NPB sealer can become a potential root canal sealer in future endodontics due to superior physiochemical properties attributed to the cyanoacrylate and incorporated nanoparticles. The study clinically signifies that we can equally use the radioisotopic method along with confocal method while conducting the microleakage studies. In addition, NPB sealer can be an emerging replacement with better properties than gold standard root canal sealers for clinical use. How to cite this article: Shetty C, Qaiser S, Shetty A, et al. Evaluation of Microleakage of Nanoparticle-incorporated Cyanoacrylate Root Canal Sealer Using the Radioisotopic Method: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(4):335-341.

Comparative evaluation of microleakage of self-cure, dual-cure, and light cure glass ionomer cement in a simulated oral environment - an invitro study

Background. Pediatric dentistry utilizes various restorative materials wherein the durability and longevity of these restorations hinge on the maintenance of an intact marginal seal to prevent microleakage and its associated complications. Consequently, this study aims to assess the microleakage of self-cure, dual-cure, and light-cure glass ionomer-based cements utilizing a stereo microscope. Materials and Methods: Sixty therapeutically extracted deciduous molars were taken for the study. The restorative materials used for the studies were self-cure Glass Ionomer cement (Chemfil Rock and GC Fuji IX GP Fast GIC), dual cure Glass Ionomer cement (EquiaForte and Ionolux GIC), and light cure Glass Ionomer cement (GC Fuji II and Ketac N 100 GIC). All samples were stored in commercially available artificial saliva for 20 days to simulate the oral environment. The samples were immersed in Rhodamine B dye for 24 hours, and microleakage was evaluated using a Stereo microscope. Data were tabulated and statistical analysis was done. p &lt; 0.05 is considered significant Results: In the individual assessment of glass ionomer-based cement, Ketac N100 GIC exhibited the lowest microleakage, whereas Ionolux displayed higher levels of microleakage. Conclusion: In terms of the curing method, light-cure glass ionomer cement demonstrated the least microleakage compared to both dual-cure and self-cure glass ionomer cement.

Deep margin elevation in class II cavities: A comparative evaluation of microleakage and interface integrity using confocal laser microscopy and scanning electron microscopy

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the microleakage between the gingival seat and base material and to assess the interface integrity between the base material and overlying composite in class II cavities restored using deep margin elevation. Materials and Methods: Thirty maxillary molars (n = 30) were taken, and class II cavities were prepared with a gingival seat extending below the cementoenamel junction. These teeth were divided into three groups for subgingival margin elevation using different materials: Group A (n = 10) – flowable composite, Group B (n = 10) – glass ionomer cement (GIC), and Group C (n = 10) – GIC with nanohydroxyapatite (GIC n-HAp). The remaining cavities were restored with bulk-fill composite. After undergoing 1000 thermocycling cycles, half of the samples were examined for microleakage using confocal laser microscopy, and the other half were assessed for interface integrity using scanning electron microscopy. Microleakage was statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and interface integrity was analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis tests. Results: The study found that GIC n-HAp exhibited significantly lower microleakage between the base material and gingival seat than flowable composite and GIC. However, regarding interface integrity between the base material and bulk-fill composite, flowable composite, and GIC outperformed GIC n-HAp. Conclusions: Incorporating n-HAp into GIC effectively reduced microleakage at the dentin-base material interface. However, the interface integrity between GIC n-HAp and the composite poses a challenge.

Comparison of push-out bond strength and apical microleakage of different calcium silicate-based cements after using EDTA, chitosan and phytic acid irrigations.

This research was aimed to evaluate push-out bond strength and apical-microleakage after application of three different calcium silicate-based cements with irrigation solutions on simulated immature teeth. 40 maxillary permanent canine teeth were used for push-out bond strength test, and 120 maxillary permanent incisors were used for microleakage evaluation. 120 root slices were divided into four main groups (EDTA, Chitosan, Phytic acid, and Saline) and immersed these solutiouns according to irrigation procedures. Each irrigation group was divided into 3 subgroups (Biodentine, MTA Repair HP, and NeoPUTTY). The prepared teeth were divided into four groups according to irrigation procedure for microleakage test. EDTA irrigation with Biodentine group showed highest push-out bond strength value and saline group with Neoputty showed the lowest push-out bond strength value. The highest microleakage value was seen in saline group with MTA Repair HP, while the lowest microleakage value was observed chitosan with Biodentine group. Chitosan and phytic acid solutions can be recommended as an alternative irrigation solution to 17% EDTA in single-session apexification treatment, since they are non-toxic, naturally occurring materials, effectively remove the smear layer, and have a positive effect on bond strength and apical leakage. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: One of the factors affecting the long-term success of root canal treatment is a hermetic seal. Non-hermetic or inadequate filling triggers a chronic inflammatory reaction in periapical tissues, causing fluids to enter the spaces and negatively affecting the success of the treatment. Therefore, this study will help clinicians choose the right biomaterial and irrigation solution that will affect the success of root canal treatment.

In Vitro Evaluation of Sealing Ability of Biodentine and TheraCal PT in Primary Molars.

A major objective in the management of deep carious lesions involving proximal surfaces of primary molars is to control marginal leakage. This could occur due to dimensional changes or failure in the adaptation of pulp capping materials to the prepared cavity. Evaluation of microleakage is important for assessing the success of newer pulp capping materials. Biodentine exhibits good sealing ability but possesses longer setting times and handling difficulties, which might delay the placement of the final restoration. The sealing ability of newer dual-cure calcium silicate-based material in TheraCal PT in class II cavities of primary molars is not known. Hence, the current study aimed to evaluate and compare the microleakage of Biodentine and TheraCal PT in primary molars. Extracted, noncarious primary molars (n = 28) were collected, and standardized class II cavities were prepared and restored with Biodentine (group I) and TheraCal PT (group II). Following this type, IX glass ionomer cement (GIC) was placed and polished. Microleakage was assessed using the dye penetration method, and data obtained through stereomicroscopic analysis were statistically analyzed. The mean microleakage score observed in group I was 2.0 ± 1.3 MPa, and in group II was 1.0 ± 1.1 MPa. Comparable sealing ability was observed between both groups (p = 0.061). TheraCal PT could be used as a suitable alternative to Biodentine for use in vital pulp therapeutic procedures in children to reduce the treatment time and improve sealing ability. Anusha B, Shivashankarappa PG, Mohandoss S, et al. In Vitro Evaluation of Sealing Ability of Biodentine and TheraCal PT in Primary Molars. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(2):158-161.