Evaluation Of Microleakage In Class Research Articles

Comparative evaluation of microleakage in Class II cavities restored with snowplow technique using flowable or preheated packable bulk-fill composite resin as gingival increment by dye extraction method: An in vitro study

Context: One of the undesirable characteristics of dental composite resin is the polymerization shrinkage and the associated microleakage. The snowplow technique of placement and the preheating of the composite resins are methods to minimize microleakage. Aim: The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate microleakage in Class II cavities restored with snowplow technique using either preheated packable or flowable bulk-fill composite resin. Methodology: Fifty sound first molars were selected. Class II mesio-occlusal box preparations were made. The test specimens were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1: Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill co-cured in snowplow technique. Group 2: Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill preheated to 60°C and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill co-cured in snowplow technique. Restored teeth were processed for dye extraction. Statistical Analysis: Mann–Whitney U-test was applied to compare the microleakage between the groups. Results: Results indicate that specimens in Group 2 showed lower microleakage (median 0.041750) when compared to specimens in Group 1 (median 0.059400). Conclusion: The results imply that the preheated packable bulk-fill composite resin showed less microleakage as compared to flowable composite while restoring Class II cavities by the snowplow technique.

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Class II Restorations Using Open- and Closed-Sandwich Techniques With Zirconomer as an Intermediate Material: An In-Vitro Study.

Aim To evaluate and compare the microleakage In class II restorations using open- and closed-sandwich techniques with zirconomer as an intermediate material. Material and method Twenty-six non-carious mandibular first molars were selected and randomly divided into two groups (groups 1 and 2 where n=13). A standardized Class II preparation was made with the cervical margin 1 mm below the cementum-enamel junction. Samples of group 1 were restored using the open-sandwich technique and samples of group 2 with the close-sandwich technique, and zirconomer was used as an intermediate restorative material. Following that, the restorations underwent 200 heat cycles with dwell times of 20 seconds at 5°C and 55°C. Dye penetration and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis using the replica approach were used to assess adaptation at the cervical margin.The data were statistically analyzed using the Paired T-test(p<0.05). Results Lower dye penetration was seen in the open-sandwich technique compared to the closed-sandwich technique (p<0.001). Conclusion When comparing the open-sandwich technique with the closed one, it was observed that less microleakage was seen in the open-sandwich technique as it has better marginal adaptation and fewer voids.

Evaluation of Marginal Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations Using Open Sandwich and Snowplow Techniques

Introduction: Adaptation of posterior composites to dental walls has been questioned for various reasons and polymerization shrinkage is one example. Thus, the present study investigated microleakage ocurring from different class II composite restorations techniques.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study class II cavities with cervical margins 1 mm below the CEJ (Cementoenamel junction) were prepared in 64 extracted human premolars. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 (open sandwich): Glass ionomer was injected on the floor of the cavity and the rest of the cavity was restored using composite resin using incremental technique. Group 2 (Snowplow) one layer of flowable composite was placed in the bottom of the cavity and was co-cured with the first layer of composite resin. The rest of the cavity was restored the same as group 1. To evaluate the microleakage, the specimens were thermocycled for up to 3000 cycles and immersed in 1% methylene blue solution for 72 hours. Then they were sectioned mesiodistally and evaluated under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed via Mann-Whitney and Fishers exact test and p value &lt; 0.05 was considered significant.&#x0D; Results: The mean value for microleakage in group 1 (795.74 ± 494.04 mμ) was lower than group 2 (972.99 ± 457.8 mμ), but the results were not statistically significant (p value = 0.117).&#x0D; Conclusion: It appears that microleakage in both open sandwich technique and Snowplow technique did not portray statistical significance, so both of them can be used.

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Class II Cavity in Primary Molars Restored With Glass Ionomer Cement, Zirconomer, and Cention N Using Stereomicroscope: An In Vitro Study

Background: Microleakage is defined as the passage of bacteria, fluid, molecules or ions between the cavity walls and restorative material. There are limited studies in the literature that have compared the microleakage of the newer restorative materials. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare and evaluate microleakage in Class II cavity in primary molars restored with glass ionomer cement, zirconomer and cention N using stereomicroscope. Method: Standardized Class II cavities were prepared on the extracted primary molars All the prepared samples were divided into 3 experimental groups and were restored as follows: Group I- GIC (GC Universal Restorative); Group II- Zirconomer (SHOFU Inc., Kyoto, Japan) and Group III- Cention-N (Ivoclar Vivadent). The restored teeth were thermocycled, immersed in methylene blue dye and sectioned along the mesiodistal direction. The dye penetration at the occlusal surface and cervical surface was evaluated and compared using a stereo-microscope. Data was analysed using Krushal-Wallis test (Non-parametric ANOVA). Results: Among the three restorative materials, Cention N as compared to GIC and Zirconomer showed least microleakage at both the occlusal surface and cervical surface. Conclusion: Cention N a newer restorative material displayed lesser microleakage as compared to GIC and Zirconomer.

Evaluation of microleakage in Class II composite restorations: Bonded-base and bulk-fill techniques

This study compared microleakage of Class II cavities restored using bonded-base and bulk-fill techniques with different bases. In this in vitro study, in 60 extracted human molars, standardized (4 mm × 2 mm × 8 mm) Class II cavities were prepared, such that the gingival floor was located 1 mm below the CEJ. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups and filled with: (1) Fuji II LC + x-tra fil, (2) Ionoseal + x-tra fil, (3) x-tra base + x-tra fil, (4) Grandio Flow + x-tra fil, and (5) x-tra fil only [control group]; in open-sandwich technique, the base thickness was 1 mm. The bases were coated all gingival floor. Except for the first group, where dentin conditioner was used, the Clearfil SE bond was applied before application of the bases and restorative materials as a bonding agent. After 500 thermocycles between 5°C and 55°C, the specimens were immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsine solution for 24 h. The restored teeth were sectioned, and the dye penetration in gingival floor was observed by a stereomicroscope at ×32. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests in SPSS software. The significance was determined at 0.05 confidence interval. The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in microleakage among the study groups (P < 0.001). The Ionoseal group followed by the control group (x-tra fil composite) had the greatest microleakage. Except for the Ionoseal group, all other groups had significantly less microleakage than the control group. The use of bonded-base techniques could reduce microleakage, including those in bulk-fill composite restorations.

Evaluation of microleakage in class v cavities prepared by different caries removal methods.

The purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effects of different caries removal methods on microleakage success of class V adhesive restorations by means of light microscopy (stereomicroscope) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Sixty-four human teeth with class V caries that measured with DIAGNOdent were used. The samples were divided into four groups (n = 16) randomly according to caries removing methods of conventional method, Carisolv, Papacarie, and Er,Cr:YSGG laser system. The self-etch Clearfıl SE Bond and Clearfıl Majesty Es-II were used as restoration materials. After thermal cycles of 2,000 (5 and 55°C) samples were immersed in a 50% wt/wt AgNO3. Samples were finally imaged and scored under light microscopy and SEM, respectively. The data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis H, pairwise comparison and Wilcoxon's T tests at 5% significance level (p < .05). Statistical analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference between microleakage scores in dentin regions but there were significant difference between the Papacarie and Er,Cr:YSGGlaser in terms of leakage scores in enamel sites. No statistically significant difference in leakage scores emerged between light microscopy and SEM.

Comparative evaluation of microleakage in Class V cavities restored with giomer, resin-modified glass ionomer, zirconomer and nano-ionomer: An In vitro study

Aims and Objective: Clinically, microleakage is the major cause for the failure of restorations in Class V cavities which may cause postoperative sensitivity and secondary caries. The newer generation of glass ionomers has been introduced in market with superior characteristics compared to conventional glass ionomers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adaptability of new novel restorative material Nano-ionomer with resin-modified glass ionomer, Zirconomer, Giomer to tooth surface by measuring the degree of microleakage at gingival and occlusal restorative margins of Class V cavities and compare the same among the groups using stereomicroscopic study. Methodology: A total of 60 Class V cavities were prepared with occlusal margin in enamel, and the cervical margin in dentin and cementum of sound extracted premolars. Restorations were randomly assigned to one of the four groups (n = 15) and were restored with various type of glass ionomers (resin-modified glass-ionomer cements [RMGIC], Zirconomer, Giomer, Nano-ionomer), respectively. Specimens were thermocycled, immersed in Methylene blue dye, sectioned longitudinally and analyzed for leakage at the occlusal and cervical interfaces. Analysis of variance test, followed by post hoc Bonferroni Test was used to determine the inter- and intra-group difference and Paired t-test was used to determine the significant difference at enamel and cementum margins. Results: The intergroup comparison of occlusal and gingival scores showed a significant difference between RMGIC and Giomer, Zirconomer and Nano-Ionomer and Giomer and Nano-Ionomer (P

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC EVALUATION OF MICROLEAKAGE IN CLASS V CAVITY USING NEW GLASS IONOMER CEMENTS: AN IN VITRO STUDY.

30Apr 2016 SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC EVALUATION OF MICROLEAKAGE IN CLASS V CAVITY USING NEW GLASS IONOMER CEMENTS: AN IN VITRO STUDY. Shameera.N.K , Shravan Kini , Prithviraj. K.J and Harish. K. Shetty. Postgraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, 575018. Reader, Yenepoya, Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, 575018. Reader , Yenepoya, Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India ,575018. Senior Professor & Head of the Department, Yenepoya Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, 575018.

Evaluation of microleakage in class V composite restorations using dye penetration and micro-CT.

The aim of this study was the evaluation of microleakage in class V cavities using micro-CT imaging and dye penetration. Sixty class V cavities were prepared, randomly divided into five groups (Adper Single Bond Plus (ASB), ExciTE (EX), iBond TE (ITE), Optibond Solo Plus (OSP), Prime & Bond NT (PB)) and restored with Venus Diamond. After thermocycling and dye penetration test with 50wt% ammoniacal silver nitrate, eight samples per group were sectioned longitudinally and evaluated under a coaxial incident light microscope (enamel (E) and dentin (D) measurement in mm). The remaining samples were analyzed by counting voids in the coronal and cervical adhesive areas by means of micro-CT. In dentin, no statistically significant difference in dye penetration was found. In enamel, OSP showed significant higher microleakage than all other adhesives (p<0.001). Groups ITE, ASB, PB, and EX showed a significantly lower penetration depth in E than in D (p<0.001). The results of the micro-CT examination in dentin are contrary to the findings of the microleakage evaluation. Regarding enamel, only group PB showed significant more voids than EX in enamel (p<0.02). Within the adhesive groups, PB showed significantly more voids in E than in D (p<0.04). This test method must be optimized by developing a new leakage tracer for a better differentiation between hard tissues and dental materials. The micro-CT is not yet a vulnerable tool to evaluate the marginal integrity of resin composites.

In vitro evaluation of microleakage in Class V restorations after cavity preparation with high speed, ultrasonic and laser.

Objetivos: Uma das dificuldades da dentística restauradora continua a ser a microinfiltração ao redor das cavidades restauradas com material estético. A microinfiltração é o fator que mais influencia na durabilidade de uma restauração. É caracterizada pela formação de fendas devido à falha do material restaurador em aderir às paredes da cavidade. O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi comparar o grau de infiltração marginal de restaurações Classe V quando diferentes instrumentos são utilizados para o preparo cavitário. Métodos: cavidades Classe V foram realizadas em 30 dentes bovinos divididos em três grupos de tratamento (n = 10): G1, preparo com broca diamantada; G2, preparo com laser Er,Cr:YSGG (2,78 mm); e G3, preparo com pontas diamantadas e um sistema de ultrassom (CVDentus). Todas as cavidades foram restauradas com resina composta, de acordo com as especifi cações do fabricante. Os espécimes foram submetidos à ciclagem térmica (700 ciclos, 5°C ± 1°C e 55°C ± 1°C) e imersos em azul de metileno a 2% para avaliar a infiltração. Os dentes foram seccionados longitudinalmente e as imagens foram captadas com uma lupa estereoscópica com ampliação de 50×. Três avaliadores examinaram as imagens de acordo com a escala proposta por Retief. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes de Kruskal Wallis e de Dunn. Resultados: diferenças estatisticamente signifi cativas foram observadas entre os grupos de tratamento (p = 0,0007). As maiores taxas de microinfiltração foram encontrados no grupo G2, as quais diferiram significativamente daqueles encontradas nos outros grupos de tratamento. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre G1 e G3. Conclusão: Diferentes técnicas de preparo cavitário podem influenciar na microinfiltração em restaurações Classe V, e a técnica de ultrassom mostrou-se uma alternativa eficaz.

Comparative evaluation of microleakage in Class II restorations using open vs. closed centripetal build-up techniques with different lining materials.

Background:Evaluation of microleakage is important for assessing the success of new restorative materials and methods.Aim and Objectives:Comparative evaluation of microleakage in Class II restorations using open vs. closed centripetal build-up techniques with different lining materials.Materials and Methods:Standardized mesi-occlusal (MO) and distoocclusal (DO) Class II tooth preparations were preparedon 53 molars and samples were randomly divided into six experimental groups and one control group for restorations. Group 1: Open-Sandwich technique (OST) with flowable composite at the gingival seat. Group 2: OST with resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) at the gingival seat. Group 3: Closed-Sandwich technique (CST) with flowable composite at the pulpal floor and axial wall. Group 4: CST with RMGIC at the pulpal floor and axial wall. Group 5: OST with flowable composite at the pulpal floor, axial wall, and gingival seat. Group 6: OST with RMGIC at the pulpal floor, axial wall, and gingival seat. Group 7: Control — no lining material, centripetal technique only. After restorations and thermocycling, apices were sealed and samples were immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin dye. Sectioning was followed by stereomicroscopic evaluation.Results:Results were analyzed using Post Hoc Bonferroni test (statistics is not a form of tabulation). Cervical scores of control were more than the exprimental groups (P < 0.05). Less microleakage was observed in CST than OST in all experimental groups (P < 0.05). However, insignificant differences were observed among occlusal scores of different groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion:Class II composite restorations with centripetal build-up alone or when placed with CST reduces the cervical microleakage when compared to OST.

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Class 2 Cavities Restored with A Nanohybrid Composite Using Three Different Increment Techniques- An in vitro Stereomicroscopic Study

ABSTRACT Context Purpose of the study was to compare the microleakage in class II cavities using Horizontal oblique increment (G1), Centripetal oblique increment (G2) and Oblique increment (G3), techniques Aims To determine ideal incremental placement technique in restoring class II cavity. Methods and Material Class II cavities were prepared in 45 extracted permanent molars. The teeth were restored with nanohybrid composite (Ceram X) and bonding with adhesive systems (Xeno V). Microleakage evaluated after thermocycling of the specimens. Statistical analysis used ANOVA test at the 0.05 level of significance. Results Mean microleakage score of group G1, G2 and G3 was 2.86 ± 1.43, 1.86 ± 1.65 and 2.46 ± 1.50 respectively. Conclusions None of the insertion techniques used in this study was able to prevent microleakage, though the lowest microleakage values were obtained when the centripetal oblique technique was used.

A Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Class V Composite Restorations

Aim. To compare and evaluate the microleakage in class V lesions restored with composite resin with and without liner and injectable nanohybrid composite resin. Materials and Methodology. 60 class V cavities were prepared in 30 freshly extracted teeth. After etching and application of bonding agents these cavities were divided into three groups: Group A (n = 20)—restored with composite resin, Group B (n = 20)—flowable composite resin liner + composite resin, and Group C (n = 20)—restored with injectable composite resin. After curing all the specimens were subjected to thermocycling and cyclic loading. Specimens were stained with 0.5% basic fuchsin and evaluated for dye penetration. Results. Results are subjected to Kruskal Wallis and Wilcoxon test. Conclusion. Within the limitations of this study, none of the three materials were free from microleakage. All the three materials showed more microleakage at gingival margins compared to occlusal margins. Among all the groups G-ænial Flo showed the least microleakage at the gingival wall.

In vitro evaluation of microleakage in class II composite restoration following amalgam removal

زمینه و هدف : استفاده از ترمیم مناسب در صورت از بین رفتن نسوج دندان ناشی از پوسیدگی و دلایل دیگر ضروری است. امروزه بسیاری از افراد به دلیل نگرانی از زیبایی تقاضای تعویض ترمیم های قدیمی آمالگام با مواد همرنگ دندان را دارند. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی میزان ریزنشت کامپوزیت های جایگزین آمالگام در حفرات کلاس 2 دندان پرمولر است. مواد و روش کار: در این مطالعه تجربی، 30 حفره کلاس 2 روی دندانهای پرمولر سالم کشیده شده تراشیده شدند و سپس به طور تصادفی بر اساس چگونگی ترمیم در 3 گروه قرار گرفتند . گروه اول که در آن از کامپوزیت Packable استفاده شد که به عنوان گروه شاهد در نظر گرفته شد. در گروه دوم حفرات تهیه شده ابتدا با آمالگام پر مس ترمیم شدند و پس از 6 ماه نگهداری در نرمال سالین با برداشت ترمیم آمالگام و بدون دست زدن به محدوده عاجی حفره با کامپوزیت ترمیم شدند . در گروه سوم مانند گروه 2 ترمیمهای 6 ماهه آمالگام برداشته شدند و کف جینجیوال حفره به میزان 5/0 میلی متر خشن گردید و سپس با کامپوزیت مجدد ا ترمیم شدند . تست dye extraction جهت همه نمونه های گروه ها انجام شد. اطلاعات با استفاده از تست ANOVA و ( 05/0 Tukey test (α= آنالیز شدند. یافته ها: میزان ریزنشت گروه 1و3 تفاوت معنی داری نداشت و بیشترین میزان جذب رنگ و در نتیجه ریزنشت در گروه 2 مشاهده شد. نتیجه گیری: پس از برداشت آمالگام خشن نمودن دیواره های عاجی حفره به میزان 5/0 میلیمتر باعث بهبود سیل لبه ای ترمیم می گردد. واژه های کلیدی: آمالگام ، کامپوزیت، عاج، محصولات کروژن، Dye extraction ، ریز نشت

Evaluation of Microleakage in Class V Composite Restoration using Different Techniques of Polymerization

ABSTRACT Aims The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of light intensity and curing cycle of quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) and plasma arc curing (PAC) lights on the microleakage of class V composite restorations. Materials and methods A total of 60 freshly extracted human maxillary premolars were used for this study. Standardized class V cavities were prepared and restored with microhybrid resin composite. According to the curing protocol, the teeth were then divided into three groups (n = 20): QTH curing (standard and soft start mode) and PAC high intensity irradiation. The microleakage was evaluated by immersion of the samples in 50% silver nitrate solution. The samples were then sectioned, evaluated under a stereomicroscope and scored for microleakage. Statistical analysis used Dye leakage scores were obtained, and analysis was done using Student's t-test. Results Light curing with QTH light in the soft start mode, showed the least leakage in the composite restoration, which was highly significant when compared with the other groups (p &lt; 0.01). Light curing with QTH light in the standard mode, showed moderate microleakage, which was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05), when compared with the PAC high intensity curing. Curing with PAC light in high intensity mode resulted in severe microleakage along the cavity margins. Conclusion Within the limitations of the study, it may be concluded that: 1. The high intensity PAC light resulted in maximum leakage, when compared to the other groups in the study. 2. The soft start polymerization mode offers a distinctive advantage over the standard curing protocol, in terms of microleakage, for the QTH curing lights. Clinical significance In the clinical scenario, soft start curing regimen offers a distinctive advantage over the conventional mode of the QTH curing and the high intensity rapid curing offered by the PAC light. How to cite this article Chandurkar AM, Metgud SS, Yakub SS, Kalburge VJ. Evaluation of Microleakage in Class V Composite Restoration using Different Techniques of Polymerization. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(1): 10-15.

Evaluation of Microleakage in Class II Cavities using Packable Composite Restorations with and without use of Liners.

The advent of the esthetic era and advances in adhesive technology saw the emergence of resin composite materials. But the problem of polymerization shrinkage remained. This was due to the contraction of the resin during curing inducing internal and interfacial stresses at the tooth restoration interface, leading to gap formation and subsequent micro-leakage. A number of techniques and modifications in the material have been proposed to minimize polymerization shrinkage and microleakage. In this study, the hypothesis that the placement of resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) or flowable composite, as liner, beneath the packable composite, on the gingival surface of the tooth [coronal or apical to cementoenamel junction (CEJ)], could reduce the microleakage in class II composite restorations, was tested. Sixty recently extracted noncarious human mandibular molars were used. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups (20 specimens each): Group I (Filtek P60 with RMGIC liner), group II (Filtek P60 with Filtek Z350 liner) and Group III (Filtek P60 without liner). The teeth of each group were further subdivided into two subgroups (equal number of cavities). Subgroup A gingival seat 1 mm occlusal to CEJ on mesial side. Subgroup B gingival seat 1 mm apical to CEJ on distal side. It was concluded that in class II composite restorations gingival microleakage is more at the dentinal surface than on enamel. The use of a flowable composite and RMGIC, as liners, beneath the packable composite, in class II composite restorations, significantly reduces the microleakage when margins are in dentin, but the reverse is true, when the margins are in enamel.How to cite this article: Arora R, Kapur R, Sibal N, Juneja S. Evaluation of Microleakage in Class II Cavities using Packable Composite Restorations with and without use of Liners. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012;5(3):178-184.

A Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Class V Composite Restorations using a Fifth Generation Adhesive and a Glass Ionomer Bonding Agent - An In Vitro Dye Leakage Study

Objectives: The dawn of minimally invasive dentistry has led to the development of materials which rely on the use of effective adhesion to remaining tooth tissue. Despite making important advances, dentin bonding has to overcome hurdles with respect to structural heterogencity of dentin and long term stability of the bond. The primary mode of failure for adhesive restorations has been described as the loss of marginal adaptation and loss of retention. Methods: This in vitro study was undertaken to assess marginal adaptation and microleakage of Class V lesions using two cavity designs, a fifth generation dentin adhesive and a glass ionomer bonding agent-liner in extracted human molars, restored with composite resin restorations. Extracted permanent molars were divided into four groups (n=10). Class V cavities on buccal surfaces with retentive or non retentive features were prepared. A comparative dye leakage study was done between Syntac single component and Fujibond LC bonding agent, when cavities were restored with Heliomolar composite resin. 2% methylene blue dye was used to assess microleakage under stereomicroscope. The scores obtained were subjected to the Kruskal Wallis one-way analysis and Mann Whiteney U test. Results: Results of this study showed that the glass ionomer bonding agent-liner groups in both retentive and non-retentive cavities exhibited statistically significant (P<0.05) less microleakage as compared to the non-retentive dentin bonding agent group on the dentinal/cemental cavosurface margins. Conclusion: Within the limits of the study, it was concluded that the glass ionomer bonding agent-liner may be effective in reducing gingival microleakage in Class V situations with gingival margins in cementum and dentin.

Comparative evaluation of microleakage in class II cavities restored with Ceram X and Filtek P-90: An in vitro study

Context:Polymerization shrinkage in composite resins is responsible for microleakage. Methacrylate-based composite resins have linear reactive groups resulting in high polymerization shrinkage. A recently introduced composite resin Filtek P90 is based on siloxanes and oxiranes which polymerize by cationic “ring opening” polymerization resulting in reduced polymerization shrinkage.Objectives:Aim of this study was to compare microleakage in class II cavities restored with a nanoceramic restorative (Ceram X) and a silorane composite (Filtek P90).Materials and Methods:Standardized class II box type cavities were prepared on mesial (Groups Ia and IIa) and distal (Groups Ib and IIb) surfaces of twenty extracted permanent molar teeth with gingival floor ending 1 mm coronal and apical to the cementoenamel junction, respectively. The teeth in Group Ia and Ib were restored with Ceram X and Group IIa and IIb with Filtek P90. The specimens were thermocycled and microleakage evaluated.Statistical Analysis Used:The data were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test at the 0.05 level of significance.Results:Mean microleakage score of group la and lb was 1 ± 2.260 and 2.8 ± 1.229, respectively. And that of group Ila and llb was 0.2 ± .869 and 0.3 ± .588, respectively. When groups I and II were compared, results were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion:It was concluded that silorane-based composite may be a better substitute for methacrylate-based composites.

Comparative evaluation of microleakage in Class V cavities using various glass ionomer cements: An in vitro study

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the microleakage of nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer restorative (nano-filled RMGI) in comparison with that of conventional glass ionomer cement (CGIC), and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC). Materials and Methods: Forty-five standardized Class V cavity preparations were prepared on sound extracted human molar teeth. Teeth were randomly assigned to three experimental groups of 15 teeth each and restored as follows: Group 1, CGIC; Group 2, RMGIC; and Group 3, nano-filled RMGI. The specimens were placed in a solution of 2% Rhodamine-B dye for 24 h at room temperature under vacuum. Staining along the tooth restoration interface was recorded. Results were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in dye leakage between all the three restorative materials for occlusal margins (P = 0.464). Group 3 showed significantly less microleakage compared to Group 1 (P = 0.007) and Group 2 (P = 0.040) at the gingival margins. The degree of microleakage in the gingival margins of each group was more than that found in occlusal margins. Conclusions: No material was able to completely eliminate microleakage at enamel, dentin, or cementum margin. Nano-filled RMGI showed least microleakage compared to other two cements at gingival margins. Clinical Relevance to Interdisciplinary Dentistry Cervical lesions have been a restorative challenge for dentists for many years. An interdisciplinary treatment approach is the appropriate choice in cases where there is gingival recession and cervical lesions. Glass ionomer cements have been commonly used for restoration of cervical lesions. Nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer cement can be used for the restoration of cervical lesions, as it has a better marginal sealing ability compared to conventional glass ionomer and resin-modified glass ionomer cements.

An in vitro evaluation of microleakage in class V preparations restored with Hybrid versus Silorane composites

Aim:To compare the difference in microleakage values using conventional and new low-shrink Silorane composites using the dye penetration method.Background:With improvement in adhesive technology, problems associated with composites have been largely overcome. However, microleakage due to polymerization shrinkage still remains a challenge. New Silorane-based composites are alleged to have less than 1% polymerization shrinkage, which would potentially decrease the microleakage, and hence, resolve this longstanding issue.Materials and Methods:The teeth were randomly divided into three groups (A,B, and C). Group A was restored with conventional composite (Valux™ Plus), with a total-etch protocol, Group B was restored with conventional composite, with a self-etch protocol, and group C were restored with a silorane-based composite (Filtek TMP90). Thermocycling at 200 cycles between 5 and 55°C ± 2°C with a dwell time of 60 seconds was conducted. The teeth were stained with methylene blue dye and then sectioned and viewed under a dissection microscope, afer which the microleakage was evaluated.Results:The interexaminer reliability was evaluated using the kappa score, which was acceptable (61 – 78%). The total-etch group performed statistically and significantly better (P < 0.001) at the occlusal margin and was marginally and statistically significant (P = 0.05) at the gingival margin compared to the self-etch conventional and Silorane groups.Conclusions:The Silorane composite did not perform better than the conventional composites, however, it may have its uses and requires further research.