Evaluation Of Measurement Methods Research Articles

A Study on Veterinary Faculty Students' Opinions on Ethics Education and Career Choices: A Case of Ondokuz Mayıs University.

Veterinary ethics is a multifaceted element of the veterinary profession as it deals with various ethical issues related to medical practice, animal welfare, professional behaviour and societal expectations. By focusing on teaching ethics in veterinary medicine education, it will be possible to guide future veterinarians through the ethical dilemmas and conflicts they may encounter in their careers. To evaluate the opinions of the Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine intern students about ethics education in veterinary medicine. Evaluation and comparison of the perspective on ethics education and career choice. A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was used to collect data via a questionnaire. Data obtained from 87 out of 119 students in the intern programme were evaluated. Responses were analysed by statistical methods. In the study, it was determined that pet veterinary services (private sector) and government veterinary services (public sector) were the leading career choices of intern veterinary students; female and male students wanted to turn to different fields of work; and the difference in career preferences did not change the views on ethics education. It was observed that students needed applied teaching and measurement-evaluation methods in ethics education and sought role models in developing ethical attitudes and behaviours. In addition to gaining ethical knowledge in veterinary education, it was observed that they attach importance to professional and legal obligations. This study is one of the few studies on veterinary ethics education and career choice in Turkey. The study results provide information to guide the development of veterinary ethics education to prepare future veterinarians for the complex ethical issues they will face in their careers.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MIDDLE SCHOOL FOLK CULTURE CURRICULUMS DEVELOPED IN TURKEY

This research aimed to make a comparative analysis of 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2018 Middle School Elective Folk Culture Course Curriculum. For this, descriptive model was adopted in the research and document analysis technique was used. The data source of the study was the Middle School Elective Folk Culture Course Curriculums published by the Ministry of National Education Board of Education in 2006-2007-2008 and 2018. In the data collection process two forms were used; Comparative Document, and Curriculum Analysis Forms. The data were analyzed descriptively. According to the analysis results, it was determined that the sections such as the commission list, activity examples, the definition and purpose of folklore and the description of the Folk Culture course in the 2006-2007 and 2008 curricula were not included in the 2018 curriculum. When the structural features of the curriculum were examined, it was determined that the 2018 curriculum did not include skills, but instead included competencies as core skills. In addition, different values are included in the curriculum; it has been concluded that there are substantial similarities in learning areas and acquisitions. When examining the dimension of teaching-learning process, although the 2006-2007 and 2008 curricula include detailed examples of activities and daily lesson plans related to each acquisition it was determined that there was no sample activity in the 2018 curriculum. In the evaluation dimension, while the measurement tools are explained in detail in 2006-2007 and 2008 curricula and examples related to their outcomes are included, it has been determined that measurement-evaluation methods and tools are not included in the 2018 curriculum.

Evaluation of measurement methods in determining muscle strength of down syndrome and typically developing individual

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Ince G, Polat S, Yucel AH. Evaluation of measurement methods in determining muscle strength of down syndrome and typically developing individual. Advances in Rehabilitation. 2020;34(1):1-12. doi:10.5114/areh.2020.93614. APA Ince, G., Polat, S., & Yucel, A. H. (2020). Evaluation of measurement methods in determining muscle strength of down syndrome and typically developing individual. Advances in Rehabilitation, 34(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2020.93614 Chicago Ince, Gonca, Sema Polat, and Ahmet H Yucel. 2020. "Evaluation of measurement methods in determining muscle strength of down syndrome and typically developing individual". Advances in Rehabilitation 34 (1): 1-12. doi:10.5114/areh.2020.93614. Harvard Ince, G., Polat, S., and Yucel, A. (2020). Evaluation of measurement methods in determining muscle strength of down syndrome and typically developing individual. Advances in Rehabilitation, 34(1), pp.1-12. https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2020.93614 MLA Ince, Gonca et al. "Evaluation of measurement methods in determining muscle strength of down syndrome and typically developing individual." Advances in Rehabilitation, vol. 34, no. 1, 2020, pp. 1-12. doi:10.5114/areh.2020.93614. Vancouver Ince G, Polat S, Yucel A. Evaluation of measurement methods in determining muscle strength of down syndrome and typically developing individual. Advances in Rehabilitation. 2020;34(1):1-12. doi:10.5114/areh.2020.93614.

Evaluation of measurement method for carbon fiber length using an optical image scanner

Fiber length and its distribution are important factors to determine the mechanical properties of discontinuous carbon fiber-reinforced composites. For the efficient and easy measurement of fiber length, an optical image scanner was introduced into the measurement procedure. The scan image allowed to measure approximately 25,000 carbon fibers. The measured values () and mean value of these (<>) were evaluated by comparison with reference values () obtained using an optical microscope. were dependent on the angle between fiber and sub-scanning direction. Furthermore, the relative errors between <> and were less than 2.5% in case that were 0.226 mm or more. The sample standard deviations of were approximately constant and their values were ca. 0.010 mm. Therefore, it was found that the relative error of measurement value derived from the scan image was dependent on the measured fiber length.

Fusobacterium nucleatum in gastroenterological cancer: Evaluation of measurement methods using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and a literature review.

The human microbiome Fusobacterium nucleatum, which primarily inhabits the oral cavity, causes periodontal disease and has also been implicated in the development of colorectal cancer. However, whether F. nucleatum is present in other gastroenterological cancer tissues remains to be elucidated. The present study evaluated whether quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays were able to detect F. nucleatum DNA and measure the quantity of F. nucleatum DNA in esophageal, gastric, pancreatic and liver cancer tissues. The accuracy of the qPCR assay was determined from a calibration curve using DNA extracted from cells from the oral cavity. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues from 20 patients with gastroenterological [esophageal (squamous cell carcinoma), gastric, colorectal, pancreatic and liver] cancer and 20 matched normal tissues were evaluated for F. nucleatum DNA content. The cycle threshold values in the qPCR assay for F. nucleatum and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 (reference sample) decreased linearly with the quantity of input DNA (r2>0.99). The F. nucleatum detection rate in esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer tissues were 20% (4/20), 10% (2/20) and 45% (9/20), respectively. F. nucleatum was not detected in liver and pancreatic cancer tissues. The qPCR results from the frozen and FFPE tissues were consistent. Notably, F. nucleatum was detected at a higher level in superficial areas compared with the invasive areas. F. nucleatum in esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer tissues was evaluated by qPCR using FFPE tissues. F. nucleatum may be involved in the development of esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer.

Evaluation of Measurement Methods of Waxy Crude Oil Thixotropy

The thixotropy of three waxy crude oils was measured to evaluate different measurement methods using RheolabQC. The results showed that the average relative deviation using the hysteresis loop method was 24.4%, the lowest among the methods evaluated. The method of stepwise-increase in shear rate was able to obtain several rheological characteristics from a single experiment, and such a thixotropic experiment can be performed with any rheometer. This makes the stepwise-increase in shear rate the method of choice when considering convenience. However, the method of hysteresis loop is preferable when it comes to the reliability of measuring thixotropic parameters.

Evaluation of Measurement Methods for Testing Active Piano Training as a Neurorehabilitation Approach in Youth With Cerebral Palsy

Evaluation of Measurement Methods for Testing Active Piano Training as a Neurorehabilitation Approach in Youth With Cerebral Palsy

Mathematics Special Content Competencies of Elementary School Teachers

According to the results of national and international level examinations, the achievement of students in Turkey in mathematics is low. Elementary school teachers play a significant role in the education of students. Elementary school teachers differ from other teachers in that they are responsible for teaching more than one subject. In determining the competencies and performance indicators of elementary school teachers, the Ministry of National Education has paid regard to the common ground and integrating characteristics of the subjects rather than the special content knowledge of each subject. However, owing to the fact that each subject taught by the elementary school teachers necessitates different disciplines and approaches, it is also essential to determine the special content competencies related to the subjects being taught. The objective of this study is to analyze the opinions of elementary school teachers on their mathematical special content competencies. The study group consists of 72 elementary school teachers who are employed in official primary schools in Manisa. The data were collected through questionnaires. The collected raw data were analyzed by content analysis. Mathematics special content competencies of elementary school teachers were grouped under three main categories. These themes are mathematics special content knowledge, knowledge about mathematics teaching and learning as well as confidence, attitude and values regarding mathematics. Teachers’ opinions particularly underline the significance of field content knowledge, while laying less weight on associating the program content with daily life and with other subjects. It is observed that the teachers are aware of the information in the written sources; however, they are not fully aware of the process of putting the program content into practice, nor their skills. Some teachers are aware of the fact that it is important to teach mathematics topics and associate them with life, rather than possessing knowledge about mathematics special content at an advanced level. Furthermore, little emphasis is given to “utilizing appropriate measurement-evaluation methods”. A great majority of teachers stress keeping the students active and teaching the subject by taking the students’ level into account; however, only few make reference to the importance of treating students equally and knowing about the differences among students.

F-13 Evaluation of Sampling Methods for Measurement of Elements Defined by the RoHs/WEEE Directives

F-13 Evaluation of Sampling Methods for Measurement of Elements Defined by the RoHs/WEEE Directives

Recent advances in mercury removal technology at the National Energy Technology Laboratory

The in-house research effort on mercury studies at the National Energy Technology Laboratory is an integrated, multi-task approach, including experimentation at both the laboratory-scale and the pilot-scale, as well as a numerical modeling effort to aid in interpretation of pilot-scale results. In the laboratory-scale work, novel sorbents and techniques for the removal of mercury from flue gas are being investigated using a small packed-bed reactor. The reactor system is used to screen novel sorbents for their capability to remove mercury from gas streams. The capacities of these novel sorbents are determined as a function of gas composition and temperature and are compared to results with commercially available activated carbons. In the pilot-scale work, an existing pilot unit has been characterized with respect to the distribution and fate of hazardous air pollutants in flue gas, with an emphasis on mercury. The pilot unit is a 500-lb/h (227-kg/h) pulverized coal-fired (PCFC) combustion system that includes a furnace, air preheater, spray dryer, ductwork and a pulse-jet fabric filter. The investigations with this unit have entailed evaluation of various activated carbons and novel sorbents, as well as comparisons of various sampling techniques for the determination of total and speciated forms of mercury. The impact of various parameters (temperature, sorbent-to-mercury ratio, baghouse pressure drop) on the removal of mercury has been investigated. Additionally, a slipstream allows for the investigation of sorbent injection in a fly ash-free flue gas over a wide range of operating conditions, including residence time. A summary of the results for mercury measurement and control from the 500-lb/h (227-kg/h) PCFC combustion system will be presented, as well as the evaluation of methods for measurement of in-duct removals using the slipstream. Finally, a discussion of the numerical modeling effort will be given.

Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Measurement Methods for One-Hour Exposures to O3, PM25, and CO

ABSTRACT While researchers have linked acute (less than 12-hr) ambient O3, PM25, and CO concentrations to a variety of adverse health effects, few studies have characterized short-term exposures to these air pollutants, in part due to the lack of sensitive, accurate, and precise sampling technologies. In this paper, we present results from the laboratory and field evaluation of several new (or modified) samplers used in the “roll-around” system (RAS), which was developed to measure 1-hr O3, PM25, and CO exposures simultaneously. All the field evaluation data were collected during two sampling seasons: the summer of 1998 and the winter of 1999. To measure 1-hr O3 exposures, a new active O3 sampler was developed that uses two nitrite-coated filters to measure O3 concentrations. Laboratory chamber tests found that the active O3 sampler performed extremely well, with a collection efficiency of 0.96 that did not vary with temperature or relative humidity (RH). In field collocation comparisons with a reference UV photometric monitor, the active O3 sampler had an effective collection efficiency ranging between 0.92 and 0.96 and a precision for 1-hr measurements ranging between 4 and 6 parts per billion (ppb). The limits of detection (LOD) of this method were 9 ppb-hr for the chamber tests and ~16 ppb-hr for the field comparison tests. PM2.5 and CO concentrations were measured using modified continuous monitors—the DustTrak and the Langan, respectively. A size-selective inlet and a Nafion dryer were placed upstream of the DustTrak inlet to remove particles with aerodynamic diameters greater than 2.5 um and to dry particles prior to the measurements, respectively. During the field validation tests, the DustTrak consistently reported higher PM2.5 concentrations than those obtained by the collocated 12-hr PM2 5 PEM samples, by approximately a factor of 2. After the DustTrak response was corrected (correction factor of 2.07 in the summer and 2.02 in the winter), measurements obtained using these methods agreed well with R2 values of 0.87 in the summer and 0.81 in the winter. The results showed that the DustTrak can be used along with integrated measurements to measure the temporal and spatial variation in PM2 5 exposures. Finally, during the field validation tests, CO concentrations measured using the Langan were strongly correlated with those obtained using the reference method when the CO levels were above the LOD of the instrument [~1 part per million (ppm)].

Duct systems in large commercial buildings: physical characterization, air leakage, and heat conduction gains

Through field studies in large commercial buildings and reviews of building plans, we investigated the effective leakage areas (ELAs), air-leakage rates, and conduction heat gains of duct systems. Different methods for measuring air-leakage rates were also compared. ELAs of supply ducts ranged from 0.4 to 2.0 cm 2 per square meter of floor area served, and from 1.0 to 4.8 cm 2 per square meter of duct surface area. On a per-unit-floor-area basis, these duct ELAs are comparable to the values measured in residences. The corresponding values of duct leakage class were 60 to 270, much higher than the range of 3 to 12 reported by ASHRAE [ASHRAE Standard 111-1988, Practices for Measurement, Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of Building Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Systems, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers, Atlanta, 1988] as attainable for quality duct construction and sealing practices when leakage at connections to duct-mounted equipment is not considered. The measured air-leakage rates as a percentage of the inlet air flow rate varied from 0% to 30%, with most of the measurements falling between 10% and 20%. Large inconsistencies among the air-leakage rates determined from different measurement procedures exemplify the need for further development and evaluation of measurement methods. Heat gains between the outlet of the cooling coils and the supply registers caused supply air temperatures to increase, on average, by 0.6°C to 2°C. The corresponding values of conduction effectiveness were 0.75 to 0.90; thus, heat conduction decreased the cooling capacity of the supply air exiting registers by 10% to 25%. Because these results are based on studies in only a few buildings, generalizations from these findings are premature.

An evaluation of methods for measurement of pesticides in sorption experiments

The concentration of four pesticides (2,4‐D, atrazine, phorate, and terbufos) in soil solution during sorption experiments was measured using UV spectrophotometry, Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and radiotracer technique. The presence of water soluble organic matter in soil solution interfered with the measurement of pesticide using the UV spectrophotometry. The use of GLC, HPLC, and radiotracer technique involving 14C gave a good estimate of the concentration of pesticide in soil solution. The pesticide remaining in soil can be quantitatively analyzed by extracting with a scintillation solution containing an organic solvent such as toluene or dioxane. Among the various centrifuge tubes glass tubes with Teflon caps sorbed negligible amount of pesticides and these tubes can be used for the sorption measurements.

Evaluation of methods for measurement of regional skin temperature and heat flow in neonates

A reliable method for measurement of regional heat loss is a prerequisite for studies of heat loss in the neonate with different clothing and under varying environmental conditions. In the present study we evaluated methods for measuring regional skin temperature and regional dry heat loss in neonates, and specifically the influence of contact sensors applied to the skin surface. A modified incubator with controlled climate conditions was used as the climate chamber. The operative temperature was measured continuously with a black globe thermometer. Skin temperature was recorded with small-mass contact sensors and their influence on skin temperature was verified by simultaneous measurement with an infrared camera. The correlation was 0.99 and 1 SD within 0.3 degree C from the line of identity. The influence of the regional heat flow meter on skin temperature was also checked with an infrared camera and was found to be neglible.

Evaluation of methods for measurement of airborne micro-organisms in the working environment

Evaluation of methods for measurement of airborne micro-organisms in the working environment

Evaluation of Various Methods for Measurement of Pectin Content in Jam

Abstract Substitution of toluene for benzene as part of the titration medium specified in the AOAC method for fat acidity (14.069-14.071) was evaluated by 3 laboratories. Blind duplicate samples of 5 commercially available flours were extracted with petroleum ether. The extracts were evaporated to dryness and dissolved in the titration medium containing equal volumes of 95% alcohol and benzene or toluene. Samples were then titrated with standard KOH to the end point of phenolphthalein. The data obtained showed no difference (P &amp;gt; 0.05) between the 2 solvents with respect to fat acidity means. The range of values for repeatability and reproducibility for both solvents was similar. These data indicate that toluene may replace the more toxic benzene. This change has been adopted as a revision in method 14.069-14.071.

Evaluation of Various Methods for Measurement of Pectin Content in Jam

Abstract Suitability, precision, and accuracy of 3 colorimetric methods to measure pectin content in fruit jams are examined. The methods resolve non-uronide interferences in different ways: (1) with 3,5-dimethylphenol colorimetric reagent, and absorbance differences measured at 450 and 400 nm; (2) with m-hydroxydiphenyl colorimetric reagent, and numeric correction of sample blank to compensate for interferences; and (3) with m-hydroxydiphenyl colorimetric reagent and removal of interferences by purification of sample pectins. The 3,5-dimethylphenol method is not suitable when fructose is present. Precision and accuracy of the second method are not satisfactory because sugar/pectin ratio in jam samples is very high. The third method is recommended because the precision (0.9% &amp;lt; CV &amp;lt; 6.4%) is good and recovery is nearly 100%.

Clinical and analytical evaluation of different methods for measurement of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB.

We evaluated the clinical and analytical performance of the new immunochemiluminometric assay (ICMA; Ciba Corning) for measurement of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), and compared it with three other methods: immunoradiometric assay (IRMA; International Immunoassay Labs); immunoinhibition assay (Seradyn); and an immunoinhibition/column method (Du Pont). Intra-test precision for all kits was good. We evaluated 32 patients' samples by all four methodologies. Only one of the four methods (aca, Du Pont) showed evidence of linearity. Efficiency in the diagnosis of myocardial injury in our study ranged from 53% (Seradyn) to 96% (Du Pont). We evaluated serial specimens from 20 separate patients by the IRMA and the ICMA to determine whether myocardial injury could be diagnosed earlier by the ICMA. In patients with acute myocardial infarction, the ICMA displayed positive values earlier and longer than the IRMA, suggesting that the ICMA is suited for screening for myocardial damage in hospitalized patients.

Effects of available soil N and rates of inoculation on nitrogen fixation by irrigated soybeans and evaluation of δ15N methods for measurement

Nitrogen fixation by irrigated soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Forrest) was studied in a field experiment on a grey clay soil at Trangie, N.S.W. during the summer of 1985-86. Cropping with oats during the previous winter diminished the concentration of plant-available nitrogen in the soil from 37.6 to 18.5 mg N kg-1 and induced differences in the natural abundance of 15N (S15N) in this nitrogen. Four rates of liquid inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain CB 1809, interacted with soil nitrogen to produce a wide range of nodulation of the soybeans. The following main effects on growth and N2 fixation resulted: (a) Initially, growth and accumulation of plant nitrogen was lower in pre-cropped than in prefallowed soil but N2 fixation was higher. (b) Nitrogen fixation during seed development was high in pre-cropped soil and greatest at the highest rate of inoculation. It resulted in high yields of seed (3.5 t ha-1 with 100 times the normal inoculation) with significantly higher concentration of seed nitrogen than from plants grown in prefallowed soil. (c) With increasing rates of inoculation on the pre-fallowed soil, more uniform nodulation was associated with smaller variances in most of the parameters studied. Other findings included further validation of the S15N method of calculating the proportion (p) of plant nitrogen derived from N2 fixation, with good agreement between treatment effects based on such estimates and those based on the relative concentrations of ureides in vacuum-extracted xylem sap. The values of p from S15N measurements on shoot nitrogen were affected little by inclusion of root nitrogen, and similar values were obtained when uninoculated, unnodulated Forrest soybeans, a nonnodulating genotype (non-nod Clark 63) or extractable mineral nitrogen of soil were used to estimate the S15N of plant N assimilated from soil. More dry matter (flowers, young pods and older leaves) containing more nitrogen (23-26 kg N ha-1) fell from the canopy of plants during seed maturation on pre-fallowed soil (high nitrogen) than on pre-cropped soil (13-15 kg N ha-1). Several correlations between the various quantities measured were noted and are discussed. It is concluded that growing winter cereals on land newly broken from pasture, coupled with high rates of inoculation of the following soybeans, may be a profitable way of diminishing plant-available soil nitrogen, thus maximizing the contribution of nitrogen from N2 fixation with benefits in seed yield and protein content.

垂直跳びテストからみた計測法の評価

垂直跳びテストからみた計測法の評価