Evaluation Of Economic Efficiency Research Articles

FEATURES OF EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY AND DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS

In the study, the concepts of "effect", "efficiency" and "effectiveness" are defined and distinguished, possible directions and components of achieving results are defined. The essential characteristics of the concept of efficiency in the field of health care have been clarified. It is substantiated that the main priority directions of the analysis of the activity of a medical organization are the assessment of the level of achievement of medical, social and economic efficiency, the detailed content of these concepts. Indicators and criteria for the effectiveness of medical institutions, basic principles of economic efficiency evaluation, and their content have been formed. The main features of evaluating the effectiveness and development of the activity of a medical organization are highlighted. The need to increase the efficiency of management of health care facilities under modern conditions has been updated. A structural scheme for improving the efficiency and development management mechanisms of the medical organization was developed. The priority directions for improving the efficiency of health care facility management have been determined. It was established that the strategic activity of a medical institution can be presented in the form of four main perspectives: finances, personnel, patients, and internal processes. A structural diagram of the strategic activity of the medical institution within the framework of the system of balanced indicators has been developed.

Development of measures to modernize the heating system in ESSUTM academic building No. 7 and evaluation of economic efficiency

Development of measures to modernize the heating system in ESSUTM academic building No. 7 and evaluation of economic efficiency

Charting sustainable logistics on the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road: a DEA-based approach enhanced by risk considerations through prospect theory

This study investigates the sustainable logistics potential of countries along the Maritime Silk Road (MSR), an essential element of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), against a backdrop of increasing global emphasis on sustainability and efficient trade practices. Addressing the gap in existing literature, it explores how strategic positioning influences countries’ logistics capabilities, integrating risk considerations and behavioral decision-making aspects into the assessment. Through a specialized Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model that incorporates Prospect Theory, this research provides a nuanced evaluation of economic performance, energy efficiency, infrastructure robustness, governance quality, and innovation capabilities. The analysis reveals significant findings, such as Vietnam’s outstanding economic efficiency, Indonesia’s notable achievements in sustainability and governance, and Malaysia’s balanced efficiency, which collectively enhance the MSR’s logistics framework. Additionally, India, Greece, Djibouti, and Kenya emerge as vital partners due to their diverse strengths. The introduction of a risk-aware DEA model, enriched with behavioral factors, marks a significant advancement in logistics assessment methodologies, offering a more comprehensive understanding of sustainable logistics practices along the MSR. The implications of this study are profound, providing valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and business leaders. It guides strategic decision-making, promoting sustainability in MSR trade activities while aligning with global eco-conscious practices and economic growth within the context of environmental stewardship and sustainable development. However, the research acknowledges limitations related to the indirect measurement of decision-makers’ psychological behavioral coefficients and the focus on efficiency metrics without extensive exploration of cultural, political, or legal factors. This work sets a new precedent in sustainable logistics research, encouraging future studies to incorporate direct behavioral data and qualitative factors for a more enriched evaluation. Its innovative approach not only contributes to the academic discourse on sustainable logistics but also offers practical tools for enhancing the MSR’s trade efficiency and sustainability.

Evaluation of Low-Carbon Economic Efficiency under Industrial Clustering and Study of Regional Differences, Taking Xinjiang as an Example

As a major resource region, Xinjiang is both China’s energy security base and an important hub connecting Asia and Europe. Following the country’s call for carbon emission reduction, the Xinjiang government proposes to accelerate the construction of eight major industrial clusters in 2023. The concept of sustainable development is also reflected in the industrial clusters in areas such as new energy. In this study, we combined panel data from 14 regions and cities in Xinjiang from 2006 to 2020 and analyzed the synergy between the development of industrial clusters, carbon emissions, and economic growth using a coupling coordination degree model. Subsequently, we used the super-efficiency slack-based measure (SE-SBM) and Dagum’s Gini coefficient to analyze the spatial disequilibrium of efficiency measures and efficiency cases. The results show the following: (1) Overall, the industrial clusters, carbon emissions, and economic growth in the 14 regions and cities of Xinjiang are not well coordinated. The best reported level has been medium coordination, but there exists a certain degree of correlation among the three. (2) Low-carbon economic efficiency under the influence of industrial clusters in the 14 regions and cities shows significant regional differences. The regions and cities with low-carbon economic efficiency greater than 0.8, which is significantly better than the other regions in terms of efficiency, are all located in northern Xinjiang. (3) During the study period, the overall regional difference in low-carbon economic efficiency under industrial clusters in Xinjiang decreased from 0.183 to 0.17. However, the regional differences were still large. The conclusions indicate that policies for industrial clusters in Xinjiang can promote industrial development, and there may be a correlation between them and the low-carbon economy. This will effectively contribute to local sustainable development. However, overall regional differences are significant, and the degree of coordination is low. Therefore, we suggest that the government can share the advantages of development by constructing cross-regional cooperation platforms. At the same time, the Xinjiang government should make full use of the rich local wind and solar energy resources and explore a low-carbon path toward transforming the traditional energy industry. It can also be seen that industrial clusters in Xinjiang can effectively promote local sustainable development.

УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ІСНУЮЧИХ МЕТОДІВ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ АЕРОПОРТІВ ПРИ МІЖНАРОДНІЙ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

The article is devoted to the study of methods for assessing the operation of airports under international integration and their improvement. The recent scientific studies on assessing the operation of international airports were analyzed and it was found that the most actively used methods are the initial data envelopment analysis (DEA) and various variants of quantile regression, Tobit regression, assurance region methods, SBI and DMU, Malmquist index, classification and regression tree, bootstrapping tool and other tools. It was confirmed that the existing methods for assessing the airports’ operation have a significant number of indicators for calculations based on the evaluation of economic, technical or overall efficiency. The parametric methods for assessing the operation of airports, their advantages and disadvantages were characterized. The methodology of stochastic frontier analysis (SFA), the use of a non-parametric approach to evaluate airport performance, and the evaluation of the overall efficiency of two-stage DMUs with shared resources were described. The methodical approaches based on the use of the spatial regression model, the AAG model and the stochastic frontier model were characterized. The methodology for determining the target function Effi to assess the efficiency of each airport DMUi was described. The scheme for assessing the airports’ operation by input and output indicators was proposed, which includes a three-module assessment system for the passenger, cargo and joint modules. The cargo module is the authors’ own development and its creation is justified by the fact that a significant number of air cargo flows are served by passenger aircraft. The group of input indicators of the cargo module includes the length of the loading and unloading work front, the number of cargo receiving points, the working area of rack and stack storage, the number of electric forklifts and lift trucks, as well as the number of cargo warehouses, and the number of general and special categories of cargo are defined as output indicators.

Efficiency of Micro and Small Wood-Processing Enterprises in the EU—Evidence from DEA and Fractional Regression Analysis

Micro and small wood-processing enterprises represent the heart of European forest-based industries, being among the key drivers of economic growth in rural, mountainous, and poor regions. Their economic efficiency is of fundamental importance for their existence and the provision of income for the local population in rural areas. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used in the current research, which is a nonparametric, linear-programming-based approach that is commonly used to analyse the efficiency of organisational units. The main objective of this study was to investigate and evaluate the economic efficiency of micro and small wood-processing enterprises in EU countries and reveal the hidden inputs that facilitate efficiency generation. The economic efficiency evaluation was carried out on the basis of the official statistical data for the micro and small wood-processing companies in EU member states for the period 2015–2020 by performing a two-stage DEA analysis. The data used were standardised by value per employee. In addition to the first stage of DEA, a fractional regression probit and logit models with four contextual variables were used to reveal the influence of the hidden inputs in the model. The results showed that the micro and small wood-processing enterprises can be regarded as more scale-efficient than technically efficient entities. The only contextual variable affecting the economic efficiency was Investments per Person Employed, improving the efficiency by 2% per 1% increase in the investments.

Evaluation of Labor-saving and Economic Efficiency through a Demonstration Test of a Robot for Assisted Transport in a Mandarin Orchard

Evaluation of Labor-saving and Economic Efficiency through a Demonstration Test of a Robot for Assisted Transport in a Mandarin Orchard

Evaluation of the technical and economic efficiency of controlled power distribution in transmissions of all-wheel drive trucks

BACKGROUD: Operating conditions of all-wheel drive trucks determine the probability of motion in conditions of uneven distribution of grip and rolling resistance for driven wheels of various axles and sides, which actualizes torque redistribution from an engine to the driven wheels. Reasonable power distribution between driven axles and wheels is important in order to improve the efficiency of all-wheel drive vehicles. AIMS: Evaluation of technical and economic efficiency of controlled power distribution in transmissions of all-wheel drive trucks with hydraulically controlled friction clutches. METHODS: A series of experiments was carried out on the basis of the KAMAZ-65222 with a differential lock control system with hydraulically driven friction clutches and a measuring and recording facility. The technical efficiency of control on differentials when driving in various road conditions was evaluated by the acceleration duration of the vehicle, the average speed of straight-line movement and when performing a maneuver, the parameters of the ground clearance, fuel efficiency and comparative loading of the wheels drive. RESULTS: The experiment confirmed the effectiveness of the algorithm for automatic control of the differential lock in the vehicle transmission in terms of cross-country abilities, workload and fuel efficiency. An increase up to 16.7% of the average speed in difficult road conditions, a decrease of the specific work of rolling resistance overcoming and a decrease in fuel consumption by 7–8% were recorded. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of efficiency of solutions for control on differentials in transmission of an all-wheel drive truck showed a significant increase in dynamic properties, cross-country abilities and fuel efficiency. Automatic change of the lock degree of differentials in the transmission when driving on a curved path and on uneven surface has a positive effect on transmission reliability and fuel efficiency, ensuring stability and maneuverability to remain stable. The expected economic effect is more than 206.3 thousand rubles. per year for one vehicle.

The use and evaluation of ecological and economic efficiency of agricultural land in Ukraine

The use and evaluation of ecological and economic efficiency of agricultural land in Ukraine

Benefits through Innovative Cropping Patterns in the Hilly Regions of Southwest China: An Integrated Assessment of Emergy and Economic Returns

Optimizing Cropping patterns is important for the improvement of regional agricultural economic efficiency and sustainable development. However, there are few studies on the sustainability of cropping patterns in hilly areas. Here, we studied four new three-maturing cropping patterns in a typical ecological site in the hilly areas of southwest China. An analytical method combining economic efficiency evaluation and energy value analysis was used to evaluate and compare the economic efficiency and sustainability of the new cropping model and the traditional cropping model. We explored the construction of a new three-crop cropping model suitable for the southwest hilly area to improve the economic benefits of agricultural production and improve the sustainability of agricultural production. To solve the above problems, we constructed eight cropping patterns and classified them as follows: The Traditional Double Cropping System: T1, oilseed rape-summer soybean; T2, oilseed rape-summer maize; T3, wheat-summer maize. Traditional Triple Cropping System: T4, wheat/spring maize/summer soybean. Novel Triple Cropping System: T5, forage oilseed rape-spring maize/summer soybean; T6, forage oilseed rape-spring maize/peanut; T7, potato-spring maize/peanut; T8, potato-spring maize/summer soybean. The results of the study showed that compared with the Traditional Double Cropping System and the Traditional Triple Cropping System, the Novel Triple Cropping System increased the economic yield by an average of 100.39% and 49.18%, the economic production capacity by 71.32% and 36.48%, the biological yield by 12.53% and 4.90%, and the biological production capacity by 13.59% and 5.80%. The economic benefits of the Novel Triple Cropping System were significantly improved, with economic profits increased by CNY 9068 ·hm−2 and CNY 7533 ·hm−2 compared with the Traditional Double Cropping System and the Traditional Triple Cropping System. The energy value analysis further revealed the characteristics of the Novel Triple Cropping System as a high input and high output model. The Novel Triple Cropping System increased energy value inputs by 6.56% and 4.25%, and energy value outputs by 13.69% and 4.27% compared with the Traditional Double Cropping System and the Traditional Triple Cropping System, respectively. This high level of inputs stems mainly from a significant increase in labor inputs. Meanwhile, the energy-value indicator analysis of the Novel Triple Cropping System shows its lower dependence on natural resources, greater production intensification, and increased system stability. As a result, the Novel Triple Cropping System showed higher sustainable production capacity. In summary, the results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing cropping patterns and promoting high-yield and the sustainable development of agriculture.

Sensitivity of weeds to herbicide Lumax and its effectiveness in grain maize crops

Sensitivity of weeds to Lumax herbicide under growing conditions with pre- and post-emergent application was studied. Evaluation of biological and economic efficiency of Lumax herbicide at different terms of use was given. The studies were conducted in 2020–2022 in the Primorsky Territory. The soil of the experimental plots is meadow-brown podzolized, containing 3–4% of humus in the arable horizon. The agricultural technique is based on no-tillage technology. The forecrop was soybeans. The hybrid population P 8521 was used in the field experiments. The sensitivity of 16 weed species was studied when used in pre-emergence applications and 18 when used on vegetative plants in the early stages of their development. Visual observations of plant development after treatments with Lumax herbicide were made. At soil application, the preparation inhibited the germination of lamb’s-quarters, pigweed, hemp nettle, barnyard grass, bur beggar-ticks, yellow-foxtail grass and green bristle grass, field milk thistle and yellow thistle. Sprouts of China jute, common persicaria and copper leaf were completely dead by the 7th day. Moderate sensitivity was shown by ragweed, hairy cupgrass, and dayflower. Trailing hollyhock proved to be resistant to this herbicide. When using Lumax on vegetating plants, 17 species were highly sensitive, with only hairy cupgrass being relatively sensitive. In field experiments in the grain maize crop, weed infestation averaged 531 plants/m2 with a total above ground mass of 3279 g/m2. The herbicide was applied at three times: before sprouting, in the phases of the 2-3rd and 5th-6th of corn leaves. There were advantages and disadvantages with each term of its use. At preemergence, it more actively suppressed annual grasses, while at late (the 5th-6th leaf phase) it suppressed perennial dicotyledons. Application of the herbicide in the 2nd-3rd corn leaf phase showed approximately equal effect on the weeds. Lumax effectively eliminated dayflower and annual dicotyledonous weeds. Regardless of the timing of application, it contributed to saving 29.8-36.7 co of corn grain/ha.

Comprehensive economic analysis and assessment of project implementation efficiency

Subject. The article is devoted to comprehensive analysis of projects to improve the effectiveness of their implementation. Objectives. The aim is to develop a comprehensive methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of project implementation in conditions of uncertainty and risk. Methods. The study draws on systems approach, using general scientific research methods, like deduction, classification, systematization, synthesis, analysis, and empirical research tool, i.e. questionnaires. The theoretical basis of the study was the works of Russian scientists in the field of economic analysis. Results. We developed a methodology for complex economic analysis and evaluation of project implementation efficiency. It includes three analytical blocks: project closure risk assessment by life cycle phase, based on integrated indicators obtained under the method of multidimensional comparison; project ranking, using the hierarchical cluster analysis of time, resource and quality limitation indicators as part of the total portfolio of projects; scoring diagnostics of the level of organizational, methodological and functional maturity of project management system, using the proposed system of test indicators. Conclusions. It is necessary to organize analytical support for projects to increase the efficiency of their implementation and maintain the financial stability of an economic entity applying project management. The developed methodology enables evaluation upon project completion and after the end of individual phases, which makes it possible not only to prepare an information base for making operational management decisions, but also to generate data for adjusting the project management strategy in the organization.

ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY EVALUATION THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK TO BIOSTIMULANTS APPLICATION ON SPRING RAPE AND OAT

The economic efficiency evaluation approaches of biostimulants’ (BS) application in agriculture are a significant challenge. The accepted working hypothesis in the study is that the BS application can significantly increase a specific crop’s yield and profit, but it couldn’t rise the farm’s total profit. It was made an evaluation of foliar application efficiency with biologically active substances with different concentrations. The study aims to build a theoretical framework for economic efficiency evaluation of biostimulants’ application to the spring rape and oat-based on linear programming.

Influence of macronutrients and micronutrients on maize hybrids for biogas production

Important in the cultivation of corn for biogas production is the selection of appropriate hybrids, macro- and micronutrient dozing and the evaluation of energy and economic efficiency of their use. Therefore, this article presents the results of 3-year field research (2019–2021) on the yield of maize hybrids of different maturity groups grown for silage. The influence of the application of macronutrients and micronutrients on fresh and dry mass yield, chemical composition, methane yield, energy, and economic efficiency was analysed. It was established that depending on the maize hybrid, the application of macro- and micro-fertilizers increased the yield of the fresh mass of maize by 1.4–24.0% compared to options without their use. The evaluation of the theoretical yield of CH4 based on the content of fats, protein, cellulose, and hemicellulose is also presented in different samples of maize. The findings show that the application of macro-and micro-fertilizers is suitable from the energy and economic points of view — profitability begins to appear at the price of biomethane of 0.3–0.4 euros per 1 m3.

Evaluation of Clinical and Economic Efficiency and Impact of Mass Fluorography Screening on Tuberculosis Epidemiological Rates in Four Federal Districts of the Russian Federation with Different Levels of Population Coverage with Mass Fluorography Screening

The objective: analysis of clinical cases of tuberculous spondylitis in HIV-infected patients with the detection of HIV RNA in the focus of vertebral bodies destruction.Subjects and Methods. Medical records of 2 HIV-infected patients who underwent surgery for verified tuberculous spondylitis were analyzed. Parts of the vertebral bodies collected during surgery were examined (PCR, microbiological and histological tests), those were parts with destruction and fragments of healthy iliac bone necessary to fill the implant during corporodesis.Results. RNA HIV was detected in the foci of bone destructionas as well as M. tuberculosis DNA. The viral load in the fragments of healthy iliac bone and peripheral blood of these patients was undetectable.

Evaluation of Green Economic Efficiency in Anhui Province

In order to better promote the healthy and sustainable development of green economy in Anhui Province, The ultra-efficiency DEA-SBM model was used to evaluate the green economic efficiency of 16 cities in Anhui province from 2005 to 2020, Based on this basis, Select the inputs of capital, energy, labor, land resources and water resources from the input and output dimensions through the relevant literature, And the expected output and non-period output as indicators to establish a green economic efficiency index evaluation system for the evaluation of green economic efficiency in Anhui Province, Through the evaluation of the efficiency of green economy development in 16 cities in Anhui province for more than ten years from 2005 to 2020, Calculated by the DEA-SBM model, Finally, the evaluation results are obtained for the comparison of the major cities in Anhui province, Prior to 2012, The green economy in Ma’anshan is more efficient than that in other cities, After 2012, Huangshan city is the green economic efficiency of the development rate of the best city; From the regional situation, The development efficiency of the green economy in southern Anhui is obviously better than that in northern Anhui and central Anhui.

Evaluation of county-level economic efficiency and its spatiotemporal differentiation in Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Yulin urban agglomeration in China

There are many urban agglomerations in mainland China. Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Yulin urban agglomeration is of great importance due to its economic scale and geographical location. The Western part of China is a less-developed area with a lower level of social-economic development. Therefore, it needs more attention from the central government and the academic world to win better opportunities for its development. This paper evaluates the economic efficiency of 30 county units of this urban agglomeration. It finds where the counties with lower efficiency locate and reveals the spatial and temporal pattern evolvement. The Stochastic Frontier Model is used to measure the efficiency of each county unit in this urban agglomeration and the spatial characteristics of which are visualized with ArcGIS. Then, Moran’s Index is used to measure the spatial correlation of economic efficiency among these county units, and the results are presented with a LISA chart. The results show that the county’s economic efficiency has improved steadily during the period covered by this study, and counties with high-efficiency levels have formed a pronounced agglomeration in the eastern part of the study area, and there is a significant positive spatial correlation among these counties. Furthermore, the economic linkage is significantly and positively associated with the economic efficiency of a county; however, a county’s being the core area of a city plays a negative role. The paper implies, based on its findings that the maintenance and upgrading of a county’s transportation network, the improvement of a county’s comprehensive level of development, the expansion of the local market of a county, and the reduction of government expenditure will probably improve the economic efficiency of a county. The study also has implications for future research on economic efficiency. It could contribute to the ongoing debates regarding what affects the economic efficiency of a county and how to improve it.

Evaluation of Clinical and Economic Efficiency and Impact of Mass Fluorography Screening on Tuberculosis Epidemiological Rates in Four Federal Districts of the Russian Federation with Different Levels of Population Coverage with Mass Fluorography Screening

The objective: to evaluate the clinical and economic efficiency and impact of mass fluorography screening of the population on tuberculosis mortality and rates of timely tuberculosis detection in four federal districts of the Russian Federation with different levels of tuberculosis detection and coverage of the population with fluorography mass screening.Subjects and Methods. Analytical materials of the Federal Center for Monitoring of Tuberculosis Transmission Control in the Russian Federation posted on official websites were used. The rates were analyzed by applied statistics methods. All statistical calculations were performed with 0.95 significance.Results. A correlation analysis was performed between the coverage, effectiveness of tuberculosis detection by mass fluorography screening of the population and main rates reflecting the epidemic situation and timeliness of tuberculosis detection in the Russian Federation and its four federal districts. There was no correlation between the detection effectiveness and main markers of timeliness of tuberculosis detection. It was found out that against the background of increased costs for mass fluorography screening, its implementation did not provide significant positive results in reducing tuberculosis incidence and mortality which indicated their low clinical and economic efficiency.

The concept and essence of economic efficiency as one of the important tasks of economic analysis

Evaluation of economic efficiency is one of the main tasks of a comprehensive economic analysis. But existing views on the very conceptof “economic efficiency” or “production efficiency” do not let us to accurately determine its meaning, role and place in the system of economic analysis of nowadays. The author of the article was faced with the task of developing an up-to-date definition of economic efficiency, taking into account current trends, factors, risks affecting the financial management of enterprises, on the basis of which it would be possible to develop a detailed system for its assessment. As a conclusion we have proposed a system that divides economic efficiency into internal and external parts, which are also divided into the following elements: the external efficiency consists of operational, investment, market and technological efficiency; internal — of strategic, systemic, financial and personnel efficiency. It should be taken into account that the division into these elements is very conditional due to their close correlation and interdependence. However, the particular definition and system can be used as a basis of a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators for each selected element, based on its role and place in the system of complex economic analysis.

Evaluation and Spatial Correlation Analysis of Green Economic Growth Efficiency in Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration

The Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration has an extremely important strategic location in the national regional development pattern, is the engine of China’s green economic development, and plays an important role in promoting the green transformation of the national economy. It is important to clarify the region’s current situation and the space–time characteristics of green economic growth. This study uses a super-efficiency dynamic Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) model to measure the green economic growth efficiency (GEGE) of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. Based on this, the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) method is used to analyze the spatial correlation of the GEGE. Differently from previous studies, this paper evaluates the GEGE based on a dynamic perspective, considering the intertemporal role of capital. At the same time, the space–time analysis of regional systems (STARS) is used to explore the long-term development pattern and transition path of the GEGE in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. The results show the following: (1) The GEGE in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration shows a fluctuating downward trend. The efficiency values of the Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui are significantly different, showing the distribution law of “high in the east and low in the west”. (2) The global spatial autocorrelation has weakened, but the characteristics of local agglomeration are obvious. (3) The space–time transitions show high spatial stability and path dependence. The findings highlight that the economic development of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is undergoing a difficult period of transition. Despite a decline in the GEGE, the overall regional linkage shows a positive trend. The conclusions can provide a reference for enhancing the green economic development of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. The implications of this research are important for the implementation of a regional integration strategy and the early achievement of the emission peak and carbon neutrality goals.