Evaluation Of Current Trends Research Articles

Evaluation of Current Trends in Biomedical Applications Using Soft Computing

Abstract: With the rapid advancement in analyzing high-volume and complex data, machine learning has become one of the most critical and essential tools for classification and prediction. This study reviews machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods for the classification and prediction of biological signals. The effective utilization of the latest technology in numerous applications, along with various challenges and possible solutions, is the main objective of this present study. A PICO-based systematic review is performed to analyze the applications of ML and DL in different biomedical signals, viz. electroencephalogram (EEG), electromyography (EMG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and wrist pulse signal from 2015 to 2022. From this analysis, one can measure machine learning's effectiveness and key characteristics of deep learning. This literature survey finds a clear shift toward deep learning techniques compared to machine learning used in the classification of biomedical signals.

Refugee protection in the region: A survey and evaluation of current trends

AbstractProtection in the region has rapidly become a favoured durable solution to refugee situations and the hallmark of all current policies. These initiatives reflect changes in humanitarian approaches that have taken place over the past decades as the focus has shifted towards the resilience of crisis‐affected communities and the need to enable their self‐reliance. Despite the strong logic that this change will bring about more dignified solutions, the approach is easily instrumentalized. This instrumentalization is particularly evident where resilience humanitarianism meets security‐migration politics. This paper focuses on the efforts of the European Union and a number of its member states to advance so‐called protection in the region. The paper reviews the characteristics of these policies, highlights a number of risks and defines some known and lesser known implications of this approach.

Evaluation of Current Trends in Food Security

The authors of the article investigate the current state and new trends in ensuring food security of subjects at various levels: from global to household level based on the application of an approach that includes the study of production aspects, economic availability of food, various components of the problem of food consumption, as well as the preservation of the current situation in the medium and long term. Special attention is paid to new factors affecting the state of food security: the growth of living standards in developed and some developing countries leads to increased requirements for the quality and safety of food; the new "green agenda" transforms agro-food systems towards greater sustainability. In the course of the study, diagnostics of the current state of food security was performed, as a result of which a number of certain negative trends were identified, among which: a decrease in the economic availability of food for the population of the Russian Federation as a whole, and especially for such individual groups as large families living in rural areas, families with disabilities, as well as families consisting of from unemployed pensioners. There is also a problem with an incomplete system for assessing the quality of food, as a result of which goods are falsified, the level of trust in public authorities decreases, and negative consequences for people's lives and health arise.

Telemedicine Use and Satisfaction Among Radiation Oncologists During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evaluation of Current Trends and Future Opportunities

PurposeDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine became an attractive alternative to in-person appointments. The role of telemedicine in patients who undergo frequent on-site treatment, such as radiation therapy, is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine telemedicine use, physician satisfaction, and barriers to continued use in radiation oncology. Methods and MaterialsAn anonymous, electronic survey was distributed to radiation oncologists internationally between June and October 2020. Respondents described demographic and practice characteristics, and a 5-point Likert scale assessed provider satisfaction, ease of use, and overall utility of telemedicine. Analyses include descriptive statistics and subgroup comparisons using the χ2 test and Fisher's exact test. ResultsThe response rate was 4.3%. Two hundred thirty-two respondents completed the survey, 63.8% of whom were male, 52.6% aged 50 or younger, and 78.0% from the United States. Only 14.2% used telemedicine previously, which increased to 93.1% during COVID-19. Among all telemedicine users, usage rates were 77.9% for initial consultations, 97.2% for follow-up visits, and 35.9% for on-treatment visits. Of the respondents, 69.8% reported that <25% of patients requiring treatment experienced delays due to COVID-19. Most conducted appointments from the workplace, with 40.1% also doing so from home. Satisfaction was high at 73.8%, perceived usefulness was 76.9%, and 81.5% hope to continue using telemedicine after the pandemic. However, 82.4% had concerns with the inability to examine patients and 63.0% had concerns about poor patient access to the required technology. In addition, 49.5% had concerns regarding continued billing/reimbursement, less commonly at government centers (18.8%) compared with academic/satellite facilities (52.7%) and free-standing centers/community hospitals (50.7%, P = .039 for both comparisons). These concerns were also significantly higher among US physicians (53.2% vs 34.9%, P = .048). ConclusionsWidespread adoption of telemedicine by radiation oncologists occurred during COVID-19 with high rates of satisfaction and interest in continued use. Sustained reimbursement for telemedicine services is a significant concern, particularly in the United States and outside of government facilities.

Telemedicine Use and Satisfaction Amongst Radiation Oncologists During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evaluation of Current Trends and Future Opportunities

Purpose/Objective(s)During the COVID-19 pandemic telemedicine became an attractive alternative to in person appointments. The role of telemedicine in patients who undergo frequent on-site treatment, such as radiation therapy, is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine telemedicine use, physician satisfaction and barriers to continued use in radiation oncology.Materials/MethodsAn anonymous, electronic survey was distributed to radiation oncologists internationally. Participants described demographic and practice characteristics and a 5-point Likert scale assessed provider satisfaction, ease of use and overall utility of telemedicine. Analyses include descriptive statistics and subgroup comparisons using Chi-square and Fisher's exact test.Results232/5343 (4.3%) completed the survey, 63.8% of whom were male, 52.6% age 50 or younger and 78.0% from the United States (U.S.). Only 14.2% used Telemedicine previously, which increased to 93.1% during COVID-19. Amongst all telemedicine users, usage rates were 77.9% for initial consultations, 97.2% for follow-up visits, and 35.9% for on-treatment visits. 69.8% report that < 25% of patients requiring treatment experienced delays due to COVID-19. Most conducted appointments from the workplace, with 40.1% also doing so from home. Satisfaction was high at 73.8%, perceived usefulness was 76.9% and 81.5% hope to continue using telemedicine after the pandemic. However, 82.4% had concerns with the inability to examine patients. Although 82.1 % believed that telemedicine would improve patient access to health care services overall, 63.0% were concerned with patient ability to access required technology. 49.5% had concerns regarding continued billing/reimbursement; less commonly at government centers (18.8%) compared to academic/satellite facilities (52.7%) and free-standing centers/community hospitals (50.7%), P = 0.039 for both comparisons. These concerns were also significantly higher amongst US physicians (53.2% vs 34.9%, P = 0.048).ConclusionWidespread adoption of telemedicine by radiation oncologists occurred during COVID-19 with high rates of satisfaction and interest in continued use. Sustained reimbursement for telemedicine services is a significant concern, particularly in the US and outside of government facilities.

Evaluation of Current Trends in the Storage of Orthodontic Records among Orthodontic Postgraduate Students

Evaluation of Current Trends in the Storage of Orthodontic Records among Orthodontic Postgraduate Students

Telemedicine use and satisfaction amongst radiation oncologists during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evaluation of current trends and future opportunities.

e13503 Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic telemedicine became an attractive alternative to in person appointments. The role of telemedicine in patients who undergo frequent on site treatment, such as radiation therapy, is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine telemedicine use, physician satisfaction and barriers to continued use in radiation oncology. Methods: An anonymous, electronic survey was distributed to radiation oncologists internationally. Participants described demographic and practice characteristics and a 5 point Likert scale assessed provider satisfaction, ease of use and overall utility of telemedicine. Analyses include descriptive statistics and subgroup comparisons using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. Results: 232/5343 (4.3%) completed the survey, 63.8% of whom were male, 52.6% age 50 or younger and 78.0% from the United States (U.S.). Only 14.2% used Telemedicine previously, which increased to 93.1% during COVID-19. Amongst all telemedicine users, usage rates were 77.9% for initial consultations, 97.2% for follow-up visits, and 35.9% for on-treatment visits. 69.8% report that &lt;25% of patients requiring treatment experienced delays due to COVID-19. Most conducted appointments from the workplace, with 40.1% also doing so from home. Satisfaction was high at 73.8%, perceived usefulness was 76.9% and 81.5% hope to continue using telemedicine after the pandemic. However, 82.4% had concerns with the inability to examine patients. Although 82.1 % believed that telemedicine would improve patient access to health care services overall, 63.0% were concerned with patient ability to access required technology. 49.5% had concerns regarding continued billing/reimbursement; less commonly at government centers (18.8%) compared to academic/satellite facilities (52.7%) and free-standing centers/community hospitals (50.7%), p=0.039 for both comparisons. These concerns were also significantly higher amongst US physicians (53.2% vs 34.9%, p=0.048). Conclusions: Widespread adoption of telemedicine by radiation oncologists occurred during COVID-19 with high rates of satisfaction and interest in continued use. Sustained reimbursement for telemedicine services is a significant concern, particularly in the US and outside of government facilities. [Table: see text]

Evaluation of current trends in the monthly mean temperature in the atmospheric boundary layer over Siberia

Evaluation of current trends in the monthly mean temperature in the atmospheric boundary layer over Siberia

ПРОБЛЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ФІНАНСОВИХ РЕСУРСІВ БАНКІВСЬКОЇ СИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ФІНАНСОВОЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ

The aim of the study is to highlight theoretical approaches to the essence of financial resources of banking institutions, disclosure of their role and significance, analysis and evaluation of current trends and features of the formation of financial resources of the banking system of Ukraine. The article examines the concept of financial resources of the banking system of Ukraine, their importance and features of the formation of financial instability in modern conditions, their role in managing the resources of banks. It is shown that financial resources play a decisive role in the activities of banking institutions, because the success of banking activities and the development of the banking system of Ukraine as a whole depend on their condition. The difference between the concepts of “bank resources”, “financial resources of the bank” and “resource base of the bank” is studied and the own definition of “financial resources of the bank” is given both at the micro and macro level. The dynamics of financial resources of Ukrainian banks in 2016-2019 and their individual components are analyzed in detail. Much attention is paid to the analysis of the dynamics of the structure of liabilities of banking institutions of Ukraine, as well as indicators of the level of capitalization of domestic banks. The peculiarities of using the financial resources of the banking system of Ukraine are singled out, in particular the problems of resuming lending by banking institutions to the real sector of the economy, increasing the duration of long-term loans, investing in government securities (IGLBs and NBU certificates of deposit), insufficient capitalization of the banking system. The main directions of improving the formation of financial resources of Ukrainian banks are proposed.

Evaluation of Current Trends in Treatment of Single-level Cervical Radiculopathy.

This was a retrospective cohort study. The main objectives of this study were to identify epidemiological trends, differences, and complications in patients undergoing surgical treatment for single-level cervical radiculopathy (SLCR). SLCR that fails nonoperative management is effectively treated with either anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), cervical disc replacement (CDR), or posterior cervical foraminotomy (PCF). Although studies have shown that all 3 options are clinically effective, trends in usage, differences in patient population, and differences in complications remain unknown. Patients who underwent either ACDF, CDR, or PCF in the treatment of SLCR from 2010 to 2016 were retrospectively reviewed using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database. Demographic data consisted of sex, age, ASA class, body mass index, and inpatient/outpatient status. Complications included surgical site infection, pneumonia, reintubation, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, readmissions, reoperations, operating time, and hospital length of stay. Utilization trends by year among the 3 procedures were also analyzed. A total of 1102 patients with SLCR treated with single-level ACDF, CDR, or PCF were identified in NSQIP from 2010 to 2016. There was a relative increase in the number of CDR procedures (7.7%-16.1%) and a corresponding decrease in PCF procedures (20.3%-10.6%) without a significant effect on ACDF procedures (72.0%-73.3%). Patients who underwent CDR were younger and in a lower ASA class than those undergoing ACDF or PCF. Patients undergoing PCF were more likely to be treated as an outpatient. PCF procedures also had the shortest operating time and hospital length of stay. There were no significant differences in complications among the 3 procedures. Moreover, there were no significant trends in demographics or outcome measures. ACDF remains the most common surgical treatment for patients with SLCR, and its utilization has remained consistent. Meanwhile, the increased utilization of CDR for the treatment of SLCR has resulted in a corresponding decrease in the utilization of PCF.

An Evaluation of Current Trends in the Global Liner Conference and Future Direction of South Korea’s Shipping Companies

An Evaluation of Current Trends in the Global Liner Conference and Future Direction of South Korea’s Shipping Companies

An Evaluation of Current Trends in Container Shipping Industry, Very Large Container Ships (VLCSs), and Port Capacities to Accommodate TTIP Increased Trade

The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) will increase containerized cargo flows on the Atlantic route. This increase will have to be accommodated by ports, terminals, and ships. The introduction of Very Large Container Ships (VLCS) and Ultra Large Container Ships (ULCS) changes shipping patterns and requires port expansions. Mutual relations among trade, shipping patterns, larger vessels, and port capacities are addressed. This paper makes a judgement if port and shipping capacities are sufficient to accommodate TTIP stimulated growth of maritime container shipments between the U.S and European ports.

Ukrainian

Ukrainian

Morphologic spectrum of glial tumors: an increased trend towards oligodendroglial tumors in Pakistan.

BackgroundGlial tumors are most common brain tumors in our population. While the exact etiology and pathogenesis is unknown, the evaluation of current trends in the frequency and morphology of glial tumors is imperative to constitute better diagnostic and treatment protocols. Data pertaining to frequency and spectrum of glial tumors is scarcely available in our population. The aim of this study was to determine the morphologic spectrum of glial tumors prevalent in our population.Method126 cases of glial tumors were retrospectively analyzed over a period of 5 years. Patients from all age groups and both genders were included in this study. Glial tumors were classified and graded according to WHO classification.ResultsGlial tumors were more common in males with a sex ratio of 2:1 and mean age of 38.26 years. Astrocytomas were most common glial tumors (51.6%) followed by oligodendrogliomas (23%). Glioblastoma was the most frequent astrocytic tumor and was incomparably frequent in older age group.ConclusionIn our study, Oligodendrogliomas and mixed oligoastrocytomas represent major pattern of disease in comparison with available regional data. Knowledge of these changing trends and patterns of glial tumor morphology and frequency can help in improvements and applications of newly emerging diagnostic and treatment modalities.

Baseball-Specific Conditioning

Baseball demands speed, power, and quickness. To perform at a high level, and avoid injuries that are common among baseball players, an evaluation of current trends in strength and conditioning practices is helpful. Based on the demands of the sport and the injury risks, qualified strength and conditioning professionals can develop effective baseball-specific conditioning programs. This commentary briefly covers historical aspects of baseball conditioning, recent injury trends, current practices among elite baseball professionals, and provides suggestions for future improvements in training.

Climate change impacts on northern Australian rangeland livestock carrying capacity: a review of issues

Grazing is a major land use in Australia’s rangelands. The ‘safe’ livestock carrying capacity (LCC) required to maintain resource condition is strongly dependent on climate. We reviewed: the approaches for quantifying LCC; current trends in climate and their effect on components of the grazing system; implications of the ‘best estimates’ of climate change projections for LCC; the agreement and disagreement between the current trends and projections; and the adequacy of current models of forage production in simulating the impact of climate change. We report the results of a sensitivity study of climate change impacts on forage production across the rangelands, and we discuss the more general issues facing grazing enterprises associated with climate change, such as ‘known uncertainties’ and adaptation responses (e.g. use of climate risk assessment). We found that the method of quantifying LCC from a combination of estimates (simulations) of long-term (&gt;30 years) forage production and successful grazier experience has been well tested across northern Australian rangelands with different climatic regions. This methodology provides a sound base for the assessment of climate change impacts, even though there are many identified gaps in knowledge. The evaluation of current trends indicated substantial differences in the trends of annual rainfall (and simulated forage production) across Australian rangelands with general increases in most of western Australian rangelands (including northern regions of the Northern Territory) and decreases in eastern Australian rangelands and south-western Western Australia. Some of the projected changes in rainfall and temperature appear small compared with year-to-year variability. Nevertheless, the impacts on rangeland production systems are expected to be important in terms of required managerial and enterprise adaptations. Some important aspects of climate systems science remain unresolved, and we suggest that a risk-averse approach to rangeland management, based on the ‘best estimate’ projections, in combination with appropriate responses to short-term (1–5 years) climate variability, would reduce the risk of resource degradation. Climate change projections – including changes in rainfall, temperature, carbon dioxide and other climatic variables – if realised, are likely to affect forage and animal production, and ecosystem functioning. The major known uncertainties in quantifying climate change impacts are: (i) carbon dioxide effects on forage production, quality, nutrient cycling and competition between life forms (e.g. grass, shrubs and trees); and (ii) the future role of woody plants including effects of fire, climatic extremes and management for carbon storage. In a simple example of simulating climate change impacts on forage production, we found that increased temperature (3°C) was likely to result in a decrease in forage production for most rangeland locations (e.g. –21% calculated as an unweighted average across 90 locations). The increase in temperature exacerbated or reduced the effects of a 10% decrease/increase in rainfall respectively (–33% or –9%). Estimates of the beneficial effects of increased CO2 (from 350 to 650 ppm) on forage production and water use efficiency indicated enhanced forage production (+26%). The increase was approximately equivalent to the decline in forage production associated with a 3°C temperature increase. The large magnitude of these opposing effects emphasised the importance of the uncertainties in quantifying the impacts of these components of climate change. We anticipate decreases in LCC given that the ‘best estimate’ of climate change across the rangelands is for a decline (or little change) in rainfall and an increase in temperature. As a consequence, we suggest that public policy have regard for: the implications for livestock enterprises, regional communities, potential resource damage, animal welfare and human distress. However, the capability to quantify these warnings is yet to be developed and this important task remains as a challenge for rangeland and climate systems science.

Report on the International Symposium “Evaluation of Current Trends in Fusion Research”

Under the auspices of the Global Foundation, Inc., the 1st International Symposium on Evaluation of Current Trends in Fusion Research was held in Washington, D.C. on November 14-18, 1994. The objectives of the symposium, were to assess the benfits and uncertainties involved in following the conventional and alternative approaches to fusion energy production and to assess what industrial spinoffs and other applications (including space propulsion and pure science) might result from each approach in light of the uncertainties. The symposium was therfore centered around the assessment of risks. It was an analysis of the fusion concepts that have made possible, individually and collectively, for the fusion reaearch effort to be where it is now, and to understand the nature of the fusion problem, thus paving the way for solutions.

Molecular cardiology: New avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease

This review summarizes some of the major advances in the investigation of molecular mechanisms underlying both normal and abnormal cardiovascular function. Four major areas are highlighted including cardiac muscle, the blood vessel, atherosclerosis and thrombosis/thrombolysis. The remarkable strides in understanding multifactorial diseases such as atherosclerosis, and the development of innovative new therapies such as the use of thrombolytic agents produced by recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) technology, are noted.Moreover, it is concluded that the past decade of basic research has provided a solid framework for improvements in the diagnosis and therapy of other forms of cardiovascular disease as well. An evaluation of current trends in basic cardiovascular research suggests that diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to disease will increasingly target specific molecular processes underlyinh the pathophysiologic state.

Human response to whole-body vibration: an evaluation of current trends.

For the past 40 years, experiments have been underway to establish equal-sensation contours throughout the frequency range of vibration normally encountered in vehicular transport. Unfortunately, there has been little consistency in the results. This inconsistency is probably attributable to an almost exclusive reliance on methods which require subjects to rate vibration in semantic terms. During the last few years there has been an increasing awareness of the value of psychophysical techniques, and very recently an attempt was made to develop a ratio scale relating the objective and subjective magnitudes of vibration stimuli. The present paper argues that this attempt should form the starting point for future research. It also argues that fractionation and multiplication procedures are more appropriate than magnitude estimation procedures for developing ratio scales. Some preliminary data are presented to support this latter claim.