Evaluation Of Curcumin Research Articles

Turmeric products: Evaluation of curcumin and trace elements

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is valued for its coloring properties, flavor enhancement, functionality, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which help prevent various diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of curcumin and trace elements (Cr, Co, Ni, As, Mo, Cd, Sb, Ba, Hg, and Pb) in 30 samples of turmeric capsules. The quantification of curcumin was performed by spectrophotometry, with results ranging from 0.03 g/100 g to 37.6 g/100 g. The concentration of trace elements was determined by ICP-MS after acid digestion of the samples. Except for the elements Sb and Hg, which showed levels below the quantification limits (0.002 and 0.008 mg/kg, respectively), the results were: Cr (<0.008–0.083 mg/kg), Co (<0.003–0.78 mg/kg), Ni (<0.008–1.61 mg/kg), As (<0.003–0.083 mg/kg), Mo (<0.008–1.21 mg/kg), Cd (<0.002–0.076 mg/kg), Ba (<0.008–23.48 mg/kg), and Pb (<0.008–0.619 mg/kg). The interaction between curcumin and the trace elements was complex, with no direct relationship found between them. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of curcumin varied from 0.004 to 2.684 mg/kg of body weight, with 13 samples below 10 % of the acceptable daily intake (ADI), 12 samples between 10 % and 50 % of the ADI, and three samples above 50 %. For trace elements, Co showed the highest contribution, corresponding to 2.72 % of the health-based guidance value established by EFSA. A careful approach in marketing turmeric-based products is fundamental to ensure their quality, efficacy, and safety for consumers.

Evaluation of curcumin and other phytochemicals in turmeric processed with various processing methods

Evaluation of curcumin and other phytochemicals in turmeric processed with various processing methods

Evaluation of curcumin or resveratrol administration on the gene expression of DNA-modifying enzymes in a doxorubicin-induced chemobrain model

Evaluation of curcumin or resveratrol administration on the gene expression of DNA-modifying enzymes in a doxorubicin-induced chemobrain model

Evaluation of Curcumin, Piperine, and Ferrous Sulphate Combination Potential in the Adjuvant-induced Arthritis Model in Male Wistar Rats

Evaluation of Curcumin, Piperine, and Ferrous Sulphate Combination Potential in the Adjuvant-induced Arthritis Model in Male Wistar Rats

Evaluation of curcumin as add-on therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease: A pilot randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background and objectivePreclinical studies suggest that curcumin might be a potential neuroprotective agent in Parkinson's disease (PD). This clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of adding nanomicelle curcumin on improving the motor and non-motor symptoms of PD patients and their quality of life. Material and methodsIdiopathic PD patients aged ≥30 whose symptoms were under control were included in this pilot, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, add-on trial. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the curcumin (n = 30, 80 mg/day) or placebo (n = 30) groups and were followed for nine months. Primary outcomes were the Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). These variables, along with demographic data, drug history, and possible side effects of curcumin, were gathered at the beginning of the study and every three months. A mixed effects model was used to compare the group-by-time interaction, followed by post hoc analysis. ResultsAlthough the mean MDS-UPDRS and PDQ-39 scores were not significantly different between the curcumin and placebo groups at any time points, MDS-UPDRS part III (P = 0.04) showed a significant difference in its overall trend between the study groups. However, post hoc analysis failed to spot this difference at study time points. The most common side effects of curcumin were nausea and vomiting (P = 0.25) and gastroesophageal reflux (P = 0.42). ConclusionWhile curcumin is a well-tolerated natural compound, this trial was unsuccessful in showing its efficacy in quality of life and clinical symptoms of PD patients.

Evaluation of curcumin and CM11 peptide alone and in combination against amastigote form of Iranian strain of L. major (MRHO/IR75/ER) in vitro

Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is the main phytochemical of Curcuma longa Linn, an extract of the rhizome turmeric. For thousands of years, turmeric among other natural products has been used as a dietary spice and as a medicinal plant in Asian countries. The present study reports the leishmanicidal activity of curcumin in different concentrations (10 μM, 20 μM, 40 μM). It is also showing the effect of CM11 peptide (8 μM) alone and in combination with curcumin (10 and 20 μM) as a leishmanicidal drug. The experiments were performed with the amastigote form of Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER) in vitro and the leishmanicidal activity was analyzed after 12 and 24 h of incubation by Giemsa and DAPI staining. Further investigation was done by using semi-quantitative PCR with new designed common primer pair derived from an 18S rRNA gene belonging to the L. major and mouse, which amplified the above-mentioned gene segments simultaneously with different PCR product size. Our findings showed that curcumin had leishmanicidal activity in a dose and time-dependent manner and its lowest effective dose was at concentrations of 40 μM afetr12 h and 10 μM after 24 h. The IC50 value of curcumin against amastigote forms of L. major was 21.12 μM and 11.77 μM after 12 and 24 h, respectively. Treatment of amastigote form with CM11 (8 μM) alone and in combination with curcumin (10 μM and 20 μM) showed less leishmanicidal activity. Interestingly, CM11 in combination with curcumin (10 μM and 20 μM) had even less leishmanicidal effect compared to curcumin alone in the same concentrations (10 μM and 20 μM). The semi-quantitative PCR analysis confirmed the data achieved by Giemsa and DAPI staining and showed that curcumin reduced the PCR product derived from amastigote form in concentration and time-dependent manner compared to the genome of the host cells.

Evaluation of curcumin and copper acetate against Salmonella Typhimurium infection, intestinal permeability, and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens

BackgroundInterest in the use of natural feed additives as an alternative to antimicrobials in the poultry industry has increased in recent years because of the risk of bacterial resistance. One of the most studied groups are polyphenolic compounds, given their advantages over other types of additives and their easy potentiation of effects when complexes are formed with metal ions. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of dietary supplementation of copper acetate (CA), curcumin (CR), and their combination (CA-CR) against Salmonella Typhimurium colonization, intestinal permeability, and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens through a laboratory Salmonella infection model. S. Typhimurium recovery was determined on day 10 post-challenge by isolating Salmonella in homogenates of the right cecal tonsil (12 chickens per group) on Xylose Lysine Tergitol-4 (XLT-4) with novobiocin and nalidixic acid. Intestinal integrity was indirectly determined by the fluorometric measurement of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) in serum samples from blood obtained on d 10 post-S. Typhimurium challenge. Finally, microbiota analysis was performed using the content of the left caecal tonsil of 5 chickens per group by sequencing V4 region of 16S rRNA gene.ResultsThe results showed that in two independent studies, all experimental treatments were able to significantly reduce the S. Typhimurium colonization in cecal tonsils (CT, P < 0.0001) compared to the positive control (PC) group. However, only CA-CR was the most effective treatment in reducing S. Typhimurium counts in both independent studies. Furthermore, the serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) concentration in chickens treated with CR was significantly lower when compared to PC (P = 0.0084), which is related to a decrease in intestinal permeability and therefore intestinal integrity. The effect of dietary treatments in reducing Salmonella was further supported by the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences using Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) since Salmonella was significantly enriched in PC group (LDA score > 2.0 and P < 0.05) compared to other groups. In addition, Coprobacillus, Eubacterium, and Clostridium were significantly higher in the PC group compared to other treatment groups. On the contrary, Fecalibacterium and Enterococcus in CR, unknown genus of Erysipelotrichaceae at CA-CR, and unknown genus of Lachnospiraceae at CA were significantly more abundant respectively.ConclusionsCR treatment was the most effective treatment to reduce S. Typhimurium intestinal colonization and maintain better intestinal homeostasis which might be achieved through modulation of cecal microbiota.

Evaluation of Curcumin as An Additive on Egg Yolk Pigmentation of White Laying Hens

The purpose of this experiment was to know the effect of curcumin on egg yolk pigmentation of white laying hens. In this experiment were used thirty-two (32) of Lohman LSL-lite white laying hens, there were reared on the bateray cages with the comerrcial feed and differences by the treatment with the addition of curcumin on the water. Level of the addition curcumin was divided into 4 treatments and 8 replications on each treatment. Treatments were used 0 ml (control), 1 ml, 2ml, and 3 ml of curcumin on every 100 ml water. Eggs were collected everyday, respectively. Color stability of eggs were analyzed every weeks start from 23-28 weeks. Data was analyze using GLM in a windows-based software package, SAS version 9.1 and the differences were tested by LSM. L*, a*, and b* values were used to calculate the reflectance colorimeter of fresh egg yolk. The addition of 2 ml curcumin/100 ml water (2%) has significantly effect on reflectance colorimetry consist of lightness, redness and yellowness. The addition of 3 ml curcumin/100 ml water (3 %) has significantly improved on the color stability. The conclusions of this research showed that the used curcumin as feed adidtive has the ability to improved reflectance colorimetry and color stability of egg.

Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin in the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Despite standard multimodality treatment, the highly aggressive nature of GBM makes it one of the deadliest human malignancies. The anti-cancer effects of dietary phytochemicals like curcumin provide new insights to cancer treatment. Evaluation of curcumin's efficacy against different malignancies including glioblastoma has been a motivational research topic and widely studied during the recent decade. In this review, we discuss the recent observations on the potential therapeutic effects of curcumin against glioblastoma. Curcumin can target multiple signaling pathways involved in developing aggressive and drug-resistant features of glioblastoma, including pathways associated with glioma stem cell activity. Notably, combination therapy with curcumin and chemotherapeutics like temozolomide, the GBM standard therapy, as well as radiotherapy has shown synergistic response, highlighting curcumin's chemo- and radio-sensitizing effect. There are also multiple reports for curcumin nanoformulations and targeted forms showing enhanced therapeutic efficacy and passage through blood-brain barrier, as compared with natural curcumin. Furthermore, in vivo studies have revealed significant anti-tumor effects, decreased tumor size and increased survival with no notable evidence of systemic toxicity in treated animals. Finally, a pharmacokinetic study in patients with GBM has shown a detectable intratumoral concentration, thereby suggesting a potential for curcumin to exert its therapeutic effects in the brain. Despite all the evidence in support of curcumin's potential therapeutic efficacy in GBM, clinical reports are still scarce. More studies are needed to determine the effects of combination therapies with curcumin and importantly to investigate the potential for alleviating chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced adverse effects.

Evaluation of curcumin, a natural product in turmeric, on Burkitt lymphoma and acute myeloid leukemia cancer stem cell markers.

Curcumin, a bioactive compound from turmeric, eliminates cancer stem cells (CSCs) in some cancers. This study evaluates the effects of curcumin on CSC markers in Burkitt lymphoma and acute myeloid leukemia cells. Cells were treated with increasing concentrations of curcumin, followed by an ALDEFLUOR assay, colony formation assay and western blot analysis for the CSC-associated proteins, Gli-1, Notch-1 and Cyclin D1. Markers associated with CSCs were decreased in cells treated with curcumin. This included a decrease in the percentage of ALDH-positive cells, a decrease in colony formation and the downregulation of Gli-1, Notch-1 and Cyclin D1. These results indicate that curcumin decreased CSC markers in lymphoma/leukemia cells, potentially through inhibiting self-renewal.

Development, optimization and evaluation of curcumin loaded biodegradable crosslinked gelatin film for the effective treatment of periodontitis

Objective: Aim of the present study was to prepare curcumin (CUR) loaded biodegradable crosslinked gelatin (GE) film to alleviate the existing shortcomings in the treatment of periodontitis.Significance: Gelatin film was optimized to provide anticipated mucoadhesive strength, mechanical properties, folding endurance, and prolonged drug release over treatment duration, for successful application in the periodontitis.Methods: The film was developed by using solvent casting technique and “Design of Experiments” approach was employed for evaluating the influence of independent variables on dependent response variables. Solid-state characterization of the film was performed by FTIR, XRD, and SEM. Further, prepared formulations were evaluated for drug content uniformity, surface pH, folding endurance, swelling index, mechanical strength, mucoadhesive strength, in vitro biodegradation, and in vitro drug release behavior.Results: Solid state characterization of the formulation showed that CUR is physico-chemically compatible with other excipients and CUR was entrapped in an amorphous form inside the smooth and uniform film. The optimized film showed degree of crosslinking 51.04 ± 2.4, swelling index 138.10 ± 1.25, and folding endurance 270 ± 3 with surface pH around 7.0. Crosslinker concentrations positively affected swelling index and biodegradation of film due to altered matrix density of the polymer. Results of in vitro drug release demonstrated the capability of the developed film for efficiently delivering CUR in a sustained manner up to 7 days.Conclusions: The developed optimized film could be considered as a promising delivery strategy to administer medicament locally into the periodontal pockets for the safe and efficient management of periodontitis.

Evaluation of Curcumin's effect on inflammation in hemodialysis patients

Despite advances in prevention of inflammatory milieu with different anti-inflammatory modalities in hemodialysis patients the rate of inflammatory markers in this population are still high. Inflammation is considered as a major player in uremia associated with morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the turmeric s effects on reduction of inflammatory markers in hemodialysis patients. Hemodialysis patients over 18 years were recruited after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Seventy-one hemodialysis patients were randomized into two groups: the trial group (n=35) and the controls (n=36); a randomization numeric table was used for allocation sequence. Trial group received turmeric and control group received placebo for 12 weeks. Biochemical determinations included levels of serum albumin (Alb), potassium (K), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), IL-6 level, TNF-α, and liver function tests and hs-CRP at the start and end of the study were measured. Although there was a significant reduction in hs-CRP level, IL-6 level and TNF-α level in turmeric group (p=0.002, p=0.001, p=0.001), there was no statistical difference between intervention and control groups. Albumin level was significantly increased in turmeric group (p=0.001) and no meaningful changes were seen in potassium or liver function tests neither within nor between groups. Programmed ingestion of turmeric has no adverse effects and reduces plasma level of hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α accompanying with increases albumin levels in hemodialysis patients. Turmeric can be considered as an effective anti-inflammatory supplement in hemodialysis patients.

Evaluation of Curcumin and Quercetin Toxicity Effects on 4T1 Murine Breast Cancer Cell Line by MTT Method

Evaluation of Curcumin and Quercetin Toxicity Effects on 4T1 Murine Breast Cancer Cell Line by MTT Method

Evaluation of Curcumin 10 mg (Curenext®) as Local Drug Delivery Adjunct in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Clinical Trial

Evaluation of Curcumin 10 mg (Curenext^®) as Local Drug Delivery Adjunct in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Clinical Trial

Stabilisation of Laryngeal AL Amyloidosis with Long Term Curcumin Therapy.

Multiple myeloma (MM), smoldering myeloma (SMM), and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) represent a spectrum of plasma cell dyscrasias (PCDs). Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) falls within the spectrum of these diseases and has a mortality rate of more than 80% within 2 years of diagnosis. Curcumin, derived from turmeric, has been shown to have a clinical benefit in some patients with PCDs. In addition to a clinical benefit in these patients, curcumin has been found to have a strong affinity for fibrillar amyloid proteins. We thus administered curcumin to a patient with laryngeal amyloidosis and smoldering myeloma and found that the patient has shown a lack of progression of his disease for a period of five years. This is in keeping with our previous findings of clinical benefits of curcumin in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias. We recommend further evaluation of curcumin in patients with primary AL amyloidosis.

Preparation, characterisation and evaluation of curcumin with piperine-loaded cubosome nanoparticles

Objective: In this study, curcumin was designed into the nanoformulation called cubosome with piperine in order to improve oral bioavailability and tissue distribution of curcumin. Methods: The characteristic of the cubosome was studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Infrared spectrum and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques. Tissue distribution of cubosome was measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method in mice. Results: The characteristic of the cubosome was demonstrated that the curcumin and piperine were encapsulated in the interior of the cubosome and the crystal form was Pn3m space. The pharmacokinetic test revealed that the cubosome could improve the oral bioavailability significantly compared to the suspension of curcumin with piperine and be mainly absorbed by the spleen. Conclusion: These findings provide the reference to a preferable choice of the curcumin formulation and contribute to therapeutic application in clinical research.

Abstract 3704: Evaluation of curcumin in combination with 6-shogaol and epicatechin for the chemoprevention of prostate cancer.

Abstract Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in American men and second leading cause of cancer related death. Despite much recent progress, prostate cancer continues to represent a major cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity in men. Various epidemiological data suggested the inverse relationship between the consumption of fruits and vegetables and the incidence of various cancers. Recently there has been increased interest in the use of phytochemicals for the prevention of cancer. In order to identify effective chemopreventive strategies for prostate cancer, we are evaluating the effectiveness of the combinations of promising dietary phytochemicals including curcumin (CURC) from turmeric with epicatechin (EC) from green tea and 6-shogaol (6-SHO) from ginger in human and mouse prostate cancer models. In the present study, we first measured the growth inhibitory effect and found that the combinations of both CURC+6-SHO and CURC+EC produced significantly higher inhibition of growth of human prostate cancer cells (LNCaP, DU145, PC-3) and cultured mouse prostate cells from Hi-Myc mice (HMVP-2 cells) compared to the individual compounds alone. Next, we measured the apoptosis inducing activity and found that both combinations induced apoptosis and cleavage of PARP more strongly than the individual compounds alone. To clearly understand the molecular mechanism of increased growth inhibition and apoptosis, we performed Western blot analyses and found that CURC+6-SHO inhibited activation of both constitutive and IL-6 induced Stat3 activation. Several Stat3 target molecules such as cyclinD1 and survivin levels are also decreased. The combinations also showed stronger inhibition of NF-κB and mTORC1 signaling pathways. Quantitative real-time PCR data showed that combinations of CURC+6-SHO further modulated the expression of cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory genes as well as certain chemokines and cytokines. We have recently established an allograft mouse model of prostate cancer by injecting the HMVP-2 cells into FVB mice. This model gives rise to palpable tumors within 10-14 days post injection. Since the combinations of CURC+6-SHO and CURC+EC appeared most effective from cell culture experiments, we are currently testing these combinations for their efficacy against HMVP-2 cells grown as allograft tumors in FVB/N mice. Taken together, our current findings suggest that combinations of CURC with 6-shogaol and EC showed greater activity than individual compounds alone in cultured cells. Ongoing in vivo studies to be presented will provide a better understanding of the efficacy and mechanisms of action for these combinations in chemoprevention of prostate cancer. A. Saha is supported by CPRIT training grant RP101501 Citation Format: Achinto Saha, Jorge Blando, Kaoru Kiguchi, John DiGiovanni. Evaluation of curcumin in combination with 6-shogaol and epicatechin for the chemoprevention of prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3704. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3704

Bioavailability of a lipidic formulation of curcumin in healthy human volunteers.

Numerous publications have reported the significant pharmacodynamic activity of Curcumin (CRM) despite low or undetectable levels in plasma. The objective of the present study was to perform a detailed pharmacokinetic evaluation of CRM after the oral administration of a highly bioavailable lipidic formulation of CRM (CRM-LF) in human subjects. Cmax, Tmax and AUC0–∞ were found to be 183.35 ± 37.54 ng/mL, 0.60 ± 0.05 h and 321.12 ± 25.55 ng/mL respectively, at a dose of 750 mg. The plasma profile clearly showed three distinct phases, viz., absorption, distribution and elimination. A close evaluation of the primary pharmacokinetic parameters provided valuable insight into the behavior of the CRM after absorption by CRM-LF. CRM-LF showed a lag time (Tlag) of 0.18 h (around 12 min). Pharmacokinetic modeling revealed that CRM-LF followed a two-compartment model with first order absorption, lag time and first order elimination. A high absorption rate constant (K01, 4.51/h) signifies that CRM-LF ensured rapid absorption of the CRM into the central compartment. This was followed by the distribution of CRM from the central to peripheral compartment (K12, 2.69/h). The rate of CRM transfer from the peripheral to central compartment (K21, 0.15/h) was slow. This encourages higher tissue levels of CRM as compared with plasma levels. The study provides an explanation of the therapeutic efficacy of CRM, despite very low/undetectable levels in the plasma.

Induction of apoptosis by curcumin in murine myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI‐3 cells is mediated via endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondria‐dependent pathways

Curcumin, derived from the food flavoring spice turmeric (Curcuma longa), has been shown to exhibit anticancer activities and induce apoptosis in many types of cancer cell lines. In our previous study, curcumin was able to inhibit murine myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vivo. However, there is no report addressing the cytotoxic responses and the mechanisms underlying curcumin-induced apoptotic cell death in WEHI-3 cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that that curcumin affected WEHI-3 cells and triggered cell death through apoptotic signaling pathways. The effects of curcumin on WEHI-3 cells were investigated by using flow cytometric analysis, comet assay, confocal laser microscopy and Western blotting. In this study, we found that curcumin induced apoptosis in WEHI-3 cells in a dose-dependent (5-20 μM) manner. Interestingly, curcumin enhanced the level of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 which might show that curcumin-induced apoptosis is done through the ER stress signaling pathways based on the increase of CIEBP homologous protein (CHOP), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6), inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), and caspase-12 in WEHI-3 cells. Moreover, curcumin increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cytosolic Ca²⁺ release, and induced DNA damage, but decreased the level of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ) in WEHI-3 cells. In conclusion, curcumin-induced apoptosis occurs through the ROS-affected, mitochondria-mediated and ER stress-dependent pathways. The evaluation of curcumin as a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of leukemia seems warranted.

Neuroprotection evaluation of curcumin against cisplatin neurotoxicity in PC12 cells

Neuroprotection evaluation of curcumin against cisplatin neurotoxicity in PC12 cells