European Network Of Living Labs Research Articles

지속가능한 농촌 리빙랩

Living Labs are spaces for innovative and participative research, development and activities that use multidisciplinary approaches and promote the co-creation paradigm. The main aim of this paper is therefore to put Living Labs in the context of rural areas and evaluate their possible contributions for sustainable rural development. This study analyzed the prototyping cases of cardamom dryer, cooking stove and farm reservoir design with the topic of sustainable living in rural areas in India. The research method was as follows. First, the selected living lab cases were explained according to the innovation development process. Second, the 20 evaluation criteria of the European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL) were mapped to the components of the Extended Business Model Canvas (EBMC). Third, the characteristics of Urban Living Lab were presented by grouping in the components of the Extended EBMC. And, based on the suggested characteristics, we offer a Proposition for the sustainable development of an Rural Living Lab.

Living Labs Past Achievements, Current Developments, and Future Trajectories

The year 2006 is the ‘official’ start of European Living Labs as the movement gained real momentum through European policy measures, culminating in the birth of the pan-European network ENoLL (European Network of Living Labs) [...]

Living labs: From scattered initiatives to a global movement

This study explores the emergence of the living labs movement based on a literature review and interviews with experts acquainted with early living labs. The study contributes to the growing literature on innovation through living labs by addressing a research gap on why and how this movement is evolving. So doing, the study discusses the emergence of living labs from the perspectives of: (i) early living lab pioneers; (ii) early living lab activities in Europe, especially at Nokia Corporation; (iii) EU funding that supported the creation of living labs; (iv) national living lab networks; and (v) the multinational European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL). Moreover, upon highlighting major events in the emergence of living labs, the study identifies three consecutive phases of the global living lab movement: (i) toward a new paradigm; (ii) learning from experience; and (iii) professional living labs.

Uso da análise de sistemas para aprofundar a compreensão das iniciativas de inovação aberta e centrada nos usuários

Open and user-driven innovation initiatives are currently proliferating, for example as Living Labs and Citizen Labs. However, they are still poorly understood. We built a framework based on systems analysis with the aim of exploring these initiatives in more detail. We used the framework to investigate five selected initiatives, three of which are certified as Living Labs by the European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL), one of which is the Brazilian National Programme of Telecentres, which was chosen because telecentres play a core role in the Citizen Lab movement, and the last of which was selected because it is external to those movements but is founded on open and user-driven innovation. The framework allowed us to clarify the distinction between commercial and social innovation related to the main purpose of innovation and technological and social innovation related to the initiative’s main outputs. We realised that open and user-driven supraorganisational structures based on triple helix partnerships tend to be more associated with social rather than commercial innovations in terms of their purposes. However, they are well-distributed between social and technological innovation in terms of their outputs, occupying a space not filled by conventional innovation processes and structures.Keywords: Living Lab, Citizen Lab, social innovation, technological innovation.

Towards a usefulness-centered design: an analysis of participative and continuous co-construction of requirements in the context of emerging technologies

The main objective of this thesis is to support and to improve, with utility in consideration, the design process of artifacts in the context of emerging technologies. It was realized in the context of a Research-Action conducted as part of a real design project called 3DChild, which resulted in a virtual reality based software named “Appli-Viz’3D”.To meet our objective, we have chosen to focus on how utility is effectively dealt today in design community. Two main concerns guided our work. The first one was to analyze how utility and requirements are taken into account in design. From this point of view, we were interested in models, methods and tools used or advocated in marketing, industrial engineering, requirement engineering, software engineering, industrial design and ergonomics of design activities. We also explored representations of different profiles of designers on the utility and key elements in the process of construction of requirements. The second main interest was to study the effective contribution of stakeholders – designers and users – to the design of innovative artifacts through empirical studies. For this second line of research, we first aimed to analyze the global dynamics of the process of participative and continuous co-construction of requirements. We then focused on more specific issues of this process. We were particularly interested in the identification of requirements and in the proposal of specifications by different designers’ profiles. We finally studied the prioritization of requirements by different users’ profiles and the development of requirements, during the sessions of evaluation of the software Appli-Viz’3D in a participative context.At the end of this work, we propose two methodological contributions : a model of utility-centered design and an extension of a design method that is the I²I method. The model of utility-centered design is original because it is a framework to analyze, help or guide the inclusion of the utility in the design process. It theorizes the existence of two universes of utility : the prospective and retrospective universes. It formalizes the idea that the design involves a continuous dialectic between these two universes from the “analysis” phase where utility, form and detail of the software remain vague and speculative, to the “evaluation and test” phase where the final form is proven and continues to evolve in use. We propose also an extension of the I²I method in order to facilitate the integration of the user in the design process. In this sense, it is a methodological tool which aims to guide VR engineers to design products focused not only on the features, but also on the needs and expectations of end users. Our recommendations involve the integration of human specialists to achieve these steps.These methodological frameworks may provide tools for the Living Labs belonging to the European Network of Living Labs (EnoLL) supported by the European Commission. The objective of the Living Lab is to engage communities of users as soon as possible in the design process to co-create, explore, experiment and evaluate services, products or new uses before the implementation of an artifact. Their particularity is to establish a strong participatory dimension, because the end users, for whom the new product (or service) is built, is involved in the early stages of the design process, and their needs are taken into account throughout the project.

Transferring research and innovation Living Lab (TRAIL): Experience of a living lab

In 2006, the Finnish EU Presidency launched a new public-private-partnership (PPP) innovation model called the European Network of Living Labs (ENOLL). There are currently over 100 labs accounting for a network of more than 70 million-end users that connect the capabilities of local prototyping-grounds with a critical mass to attract investments (Annerstedt and Haselmayer, 2006). The University of Ulster is making a significant contribution to the living lab concept through its TRAIL initiative. TRAIL represents a developing Public-Private Partnership (PPP) where companies, public authorities and communities work together creating, prototyping, validating and testing new services, businesses, markets and technologies in real-life contexts in the regions, rural areas and virtual spaces between public and private players in the region of the North of Ireland. It is our strategic intention to collaborate further with our existing international networks and to integrate fully our activities with ENOLL members and other international clusters.Methods:This paper presents two case studies of research projects adopting the living lab approach of user-driven innovation, where empirical research suggests that user-driven innovations are more fruitful as a major source of innovation (von Hippel, 1988). Specifically this work engages with older people as the co-creators of innovation close to market, central to the research and innovation of devices and services to address their specific needs. NOCTURNAL is a project with a focus on the night-time needs of people with early stage dementia exploring if technology can be used as a therapeutic intervention building on the telecare risk management platform. A second project will be presented “myHealth@age” which explores the specific needs of healthy older people living in isolated rural communities. Both research projects have developed consortiums including older people, academia, public sector healthcare providers and industry.Results and Discussion:Delivering user-driven innovation in practice within TRAIL is rewarding and challenging, this paper will focus on some of the emerging issues within the lab. There is a significant body of academic research that supports the premise that user-driven innovation creates value in markets and for society. The network of living labs in Europe has been created, partly based upon this premise, but it can be argued that there is a lack of evidence that demonstrates how such living labs articulate their value proposition, and how they carry out activities on the ground to work with users to create the added valued inherent in early innovation processes. The issues of working with vulnerable users; managing the tension between users needs and advancing the research agenda and balancing this with the desires of the industrial partners will be considered within this presentation.