Eulerian-Eulerian Framework Research Articles

Numerical Simulation of integrated three-dimensional hydraulic fracture propagation and proppant transport in multi-well pad fracturing

Multi-well pad fracturing is an indispensable technology for the sustainable development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, but the integrated simulation of fracture propagation and proppant migration in massive fracturing treatments remains challenging, including complicated numerical implementations and computational bottlenecks due to its multi-physics, fracture front propagation, size differences between proppant particles and hydraulic fractures. In this work, an integrated model of fracture propagation and proppant migration in multi-well pad fracturing was established based on the three-dimensional discontinuous displacement method for fracturing deformation computations and the Eulerian-Eulerian framework for capturing proppant concentration. The proposed simulator not only accounts for key physical processes such as stress shadow, dynamic flow rate distribution in the wellbore, fluid leak-off, perforation erosion, fractures evolution, proppant bridging, and gravitational settling, but also couples the simulation of 3D planar propagating fractures and proppant transport at well-pad scale, and presents excellent computational efficiency and promising applications than conventional fracturing models. To explore the fracture geometries and proppant distribution in typically stacked layers, single-well, multi-lateral wells, and multi-well pad fracturing are simulated from simple to complex. The findings showed that fracture propagation is jointly affected by intra-stage, inter-stage, and inter-well stress interference mechanisms, and fracture geometries are characterized by unevenness, asymmetry, and heel bias. Proppant transport is controlled by the fracture width and geometries, and most of the proppant is concentrated near the wellbore area and bridging at the narrow fractures. Fracture geometries and proppant distribution are sensitive to the landing locations of horizontal wells because hydraulic fractures always grow in the path of least resistance. Although close lateral well-spacing is beneficial to improve the stimulation efficiency, there are some challenges such as overlapped SRV, enhanced inter-well interference, and severe fracturing hits. Compared with the layout of stacked wells, staggered wells are not only beneficial to reduce the vertical inter-well interference, but also improve reservoir stimulation efficiency. Overall, the stimulated area of the high in-situ stress layers is relatively low even with intentionally landed wells.

Assessment of wind-driven rain (WDR) on buildings in an urban area: comparison of different CFD frameworks

The study of Wind-Driven Rain (WDR) loading on building facades is essential to design more sustainable and climate-resilient buildings, as well as to prevent further damage to old and historical buildings. Both WDR loading on buildings and façade responses to impinging raindrops have been studied previously but results for such a multi-parameter problem are not generally conclusive. Thus, the relevant provisions of ISO semi-empirical model cannot be applied with confidence for complex building configurations, such as those in urban areas since the WDR prediction can be more than twice that of the experimental data. In this paper, the Eulerian Multiphase (ME) technique is coupled with the RANS model to simulate the WDR loading on a six-story building under steady rainfall event conditions. Wind and WDR results are compared with the available wind-tunnel and on-site field measurement results, respectively. The field measurements were carried out on a six-story mid-rise residential building, located in Vancouver, Canada. The results show that the Euler-Euler framework (RANS-EM) predicts wind and WDR in such an urban area configuration more rapidly and accurately compared to the more traditional Euler-Lagrange framework (RANS-LPT) for both stand-alone and urban area configurations.

Computational fluid dynamic analysis of a novel particle-to-air fluidized-bed heat exchanger for particle-based thermal energy storage applications

Long-duration energy storage technologies are being targeted to enable cost-effective, decarbonized energy systems. Particle-based thermal energy storage systems are one promising technology by storing excess electricity or heat as sensible thermal energy in inexpensive, solid, inert particles. These systems are only possible if an effective and economical particle-to-working fluid heat exchanger exists. This study predicts the performance of a proposed, direct-contact, particle-to-air, pressurized fluidized-bed heat exchanger using computational fluid dynamics. The common Eulerian-Eulerian framework for modeling fluidized beds is first benchmarked to experimental results at a previously untested operating condition and application. Then, the benchmarked model evaluates the performance of a proposed design for a commercial-scale version of the novel particle-to-air heat exchanger. The results show pressure drop and gas-phase approach temperatures are advantageous compared to other proposed designs for particle-to-air heat exchangers in the literature; approach temperatures were less than 5 °C and gas-phase pressure drop across the fluidized bed was 32 kPa. The model also highlights the importance of gas distributor design and representation in the Eulerian-Eulerian framework to control fluidization behavior. The model built and benchmarked in this study can be leveraged to advance the design and analysis of these heat exchangers critical to the deployment of a promising long-duration energy storage technology.

A new composite modelling strategy for engineering computation of turbulence modulation in dilute solid-liquid two-phase flows

Turbulence modulation is an important physical phenomenon in solid-liquid two-phase flows, including two co-effects of wake enhancement and resistance dissipation. This physical phenomenon is usually modelled in an integrated way by adding two corresponding source terms to the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) transport equation. However, this modelling strategy may easily cause the problem of explicit interference between the two co-effects, while the influencing factors of turbulence modulation are also not fully reflected, affecting the prediction accuracy of turbulence intensity. A new composite modelling strategy for turbulence modulation in dilute solid-liquid two-phase flows is proposed in this article. In the Euler-Euler framework, the two co-effects of turbulence modulation are modelled in a separate way to avoid the explicit interference. The resistance dissipation term is independently added to the TKE transport equation as a TKE change rate, while the wake enhancement term is independently added to the eddy viscosity as a TKE increment. On this basis, the appropriate mathematical expressions are determined, the influencing factors of the two effects are considered individually to reflect the dynamic characteristics of particles as fully as possible, and the empirical coefficients are calibrated for the condition of dilute solid-liquid two-phase flows to improve the applicability to the flow medium. Four typical flow cases are tested, and it is demonstrated that the new composite modelling strategy can better reflect the modulation of particles on the TKE of liquids, thereby providing higher-precision simulation results without significant increase in computational cost for dilute solid-liquid two-phase flows.

Comprehensive parametric study of fixed-bed co-gasification process through Multiple Thermally Thick Particle (MTTP) model

Co-gasification technology provides a promising solution for the energetic valorization of various biomass feedstocks, especially those not directly applicable for gasification owing to their low-calorific values or high ash content, but the complexity of co-gasification technology has put forward challenges to model formulation when using numerical methods to evaluate the performance of the gasifier. In the present work, the Multiple Thermally Thick Particle (MTTP) model is developed and validated for fixed-bed co-gasification process. The sub-phase treatment that extends the conventional Eulerian-Eulerian framework allows calculating the inhomogeneity in the solid phase, and the intra- and inter-particle heat and mass transfer sub-models enable quantitative evaluation of the conversion of different solid fuels with nonnegligible intraparticle gradients. Parametric analyses of moisture content and particle size were performed to evaluate how the degree of difference between each fuel would influence the reaction processes, gasification performances and steady-state operating conditions. Upon changing the moisture content of the fuel mixtures (biomass and MSW) from both 9.0 wt% to 9.0 wt% for MSW and 27.0 wt% for biomass, the maximum temperature difference between the solid particle surfaces of different fuels was nearly 150 K, and the regions of different conversion processes became highly overlapped. When increasing the moisture content of biomass from 9.0 wt% to 27.0 wt% under 1:1 mixing ratio, the cold gas efficiency, volume fraction of H2 and higher heating value of syngas increased from 65.26%, 12.03%, and 6.29 MJ/Nm3 to 68.39%, 15.62%, and 6.44 MJ/Nm3, respectively. Therefore, the quality and efficiency can be improved when increasing the moisture content in a certain range although the overall capacity of the gasifier will decrease. The intraparticle temperature profiles calculated by the MTTP model also revealed that decreasing the particle size from centimeter- to millimeter-level will significantly reduce the temperature difference between the surface and center of the fuel particles, thus accelerating the in-bed reaction rates and increasing the overall capacity of the gasifier. The MTTP model is flexible for various working conditions and solid fuel mixtures, which is a versatile and convenient tool to optimize the complicated co-gasification process.

Transferring Bubble Breakage Models Tailored for Euler-Euler Approaches to Euler-Lagrange Simulations

Most bubble breakage models have been developed for multiphase simulations using Euler-Euler (EE) approaches. Commonly, they are linked with population balance models (PBM) and are validated by making use of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence models. The latter, however, may be replaced by alternate approaches such as Large Eddy simulations (LES) that play a pivotal role in current developments based on lattice Boltzmann (LBM) technologies. Consequently, this study investigates the possibility of transferring promising bubble breakage models from the EE framework into Euler-Lagrange (EL) settings aiming to perform LES. Using our own model, it was possible to reproduce similar bubble size distributions (BSDs) for EL and EE simulations. Therefore, the critical Weber (Wecrit) number served as a threshold value for the occurrence of bubble breakage events. Wecrit depended on the bubble daughter size distribution (DSD) and a set minimum time between two consecutive bubble breakage events. The commercial frameworks Ansys Fluent and M-Star were applied for EE and EL simulations, respectively. The latter enabled the implementation of LES, i.e., the use of a turbulence model with non-time averaged entities. By properly choosing Wecrit, it was possible to successfully transfer two commonly applied bubble breakage models from EE to EL. Based on the mechanism of bubble breakage, Wecrit values of 7 and 11 were determined, respectively. Optimum Wecrit were identified as fitting the shape of DSDs, as this turned out to be a key criterion for reaching optimum prediction quality. Optimum Wecrit values hold true for commonly applied operational conditions in aerated bioreactors, considering water as the matrix.

Computational fluid dynamics study on the effect of stirring parameters on solid–liquid suspension in the slurry electrolysis square tank

As a sustainable hydrometallurgical technology, slurry electrolysis (SE) offers certain advantages in the treatment of complex ores and secondary electronic waste. It is therefore of considerable interest to understand the solid–liquid suspension in the stirred tank for overall process control. Here, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model based on the Eulerian-Eulerian framework combined with the kinetic theory of granular flow was employed to investigate the effects of varying the impeller speed (70–150 rpm), solids volume fraction (8–21 %), and particle specific gravity (2–6.7) on solid–liquid suspension behavior in a square tank equipped with electrodes and impeller. The results show that as the impeller rotating speed increases, turbulent kinetic energy is gradually transferred from the lower part of the electrodes to the region near the impeller shaft and between the membrane bags. The solids volume fraction was found to have little effect on the final liquid flow fields, but significantly increased the power consumption. The homogeneity and power consumption were quantified as functions of specific gravity, allowing the degree of homogeneity to be predicted under different operating conditions.

Euler-Euler Model of Bubbly Flow Using Particle-Center-Averaging Method

The Euler-Euler model is widely used in bubbly flow simulations up to industrial dimensions. The standard Euler-Euler model is based on the phase-averaging method. After averaging, the bubble forces in the field equations are functions of the local void fraction. In simulations, when the bubble diameter is larger than the computational cell spacing, the forces can transport the gas belonging to the same bubble in different directions. By contrast, a closure model for the bubble force is typically developed based on the assumption that the force is a resultant force that acts on the bubble’s center of mass. This inconsistency can lead to a nonphysical gas concentration in the center of a channel or near the channel wall if the bubble diameter is larger than the cell spacing. The purpose of the present contribution is to develop an Euler-Euler model where the bubble force consistency is recovered for two-phase flow simulations where the diameter of the disperse phase can be larger than the cell spacing. Such an Euler-Euler model is developed by combining an existing particle-center-averaged Euler-Euler framework with a Gaussian convolution method. To validate this Euler-Euler approach, a comparison is made with experimental data for the bubbly flows in two different vertical pipes. The results show that the proposed Euler-Euler model recovers the bubble force consistency and alleviates the overprediction of the void fraction peak near the wall, while its simulation results in the axial gas and liquid velocity and the liquid turbulence kinetic energy are similar to the results of the standard Euler-Euler model.

Multi-phase CFD modelling of Slurry Column Flotation – Validation of both Hydrodynamic and Kinetic Parameters

Column flotation is widely used for the beneficiation of fines in the mineral processing industry. The kinetics in the column flotation is mainly influenced by the hydrodynamics and the flotation sub-processes such as bubble particle collision, attachment, and detachment. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a popular tool that can be used to evaluate flotation kinetics. However, most of the published works on the flotation kinetics with CFD were limited to mechanical flotation cells. In the current investigation, a CFD model is applied to explore both the hydrodynamics and kinetics of the column flotation. CFD simulations are performed for two-phase systems of column flotation on the Eulerian-Eulerian framework. The standard k-ε turbulence model is utilized in this methodology along with the drag, lift, and virtual mass forces. The hydrodynamic parameters such as axial, and radial gas holdup and its distribution were predicted from the CFD simulations and validated with Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) experimental results. In the kinetic study, the flotation kinetic sub-processes, such as bubble-particle collision, adhesion, and detachment were also predicted. The error between the ERT experimental and CFD simulations was found to be 2.71 and 6.75%, respectively at 0.006 and 0.018 m/s superficial air velocities. The effect of particle contact angle and particle size on the kinetic constants of attachment (

Development of machine learning framework for interface force closures based on bubble tracking data

Interfacial force closures in the two-fluid model play a critical role for the predictive capabilities of void fraction distribution. However, the practices of interfacial force modeling have long been challenged by the inherent physical complexity of the two-phase flows. The rapidly expanding computational capabilities in the recent years have made high-fidelity data from the interface-captured direct numerical simulation become more available, and hence potential for data-driven interfacial force modeling has prevailed.In this work, we established a data-driven modeling framework integrated to the HZDR multiphase Eulerian-Eulerian framework for computational fluid dynamics simulations. The data-driven framework is verified in a benchmark problem, where a feedforward neural network managed to capture the non-linear mapping between bubble Reynolds number and drag coefficient and reproduce the void distribution resulting from the baseline model in the test case.The second focus is on utilizing the bubble tracking data set to form a closure for the bubble drag in the turbulent bubbly flow, in which the drag coefficient is set to be correlated with the bubble Reynolds number and the Eötvös number. Pseudo-steady state filtering in the Frenet Frame was carried out to obtain the drag coefficient from the turbulent bubbly flow data. The performance of the data-driven drag model is also examined through a case study, where improvement of model’s prediction near-wall is regarded necessary. Discussion and further plans of investigation are provided.

A novel numerical method for grouting simulation in flowing water considering uneven spatial and temporal distribution of slurry: Two-Fluid Tracking (TFT) method

To address the issue of uneven spatial and temporal distribution of slurry viscosity in the grouting process, we propose a novel numerical method for grouting in flowing water based on the Euler-Euler framework: two-fluid tracking (TFT) method. The proposed method is capable of capturing the entire grouting process. First, we develop a time transport model that can calculate the transport time of the slurry at any location. Subsequently, the numerical verification proves that the simulated results of transport time can reflect the residence time of the slurry. We then combine the transport time and time-varying viscosity equation to reveal the spatial-temporal evolution of slurry viscosity. Furthermore, the effectiveness and accuracy of the numerical method in different injected media are verified by comparing against laboratory tests, analytical solutions, and simulation results in the literature. In addition, the diffusion behavior of the slurry under different water flow velocities is analyzed, and the effects of water flow velocity and grout flow rate on grouting pressure are discussed. This study can provide useful guidance and reference for slurry selection and parameter optimization in grouting engineering practices.

Euler-Euler numerical simulations of upward turbulent bubbly flows in vertical pipes with low-Reynolds-number model

In this work, numerical simulations of upward turbulent bubbly flows in vertical pipes are conducted in the Euler-Euler framework with a low-Reynolds-number (LRN) model for liquid. It is found that the existing correlation for the drag coefficient of a single bubble in a shear flow, which has been successfully used along with the high-Reynolds-number (HRN) models, cannot be used with the LRN model. The reason is that drag forces of bubbles calculated using such correlation are enormous in near-wall cells (order of [Formula: see text]), which causes a divergence of numerical simulations with LRN. Therefore, a modified correlation for the drag coefficient of a single bubble in shear flow, that can be used successfully with the LRN model, has been proposed. The results of numerical simulations, performed with a new correlation for the drag coefficient, are analysed and compared to selected experimental measurements for different pipe diameters and different flow conditions of gas and liquid. It is shown that the largest effect of the application of the new correlation for the drag coefficient of a single bubble in shear flow in numerical simulations can be achieved on the reduction of the relative velocity between gas and liquid. The degree of this reduction depends on the pipe diameter and liquid volumetric flux.

A dynamic particle scale-driven interphase force model for water-sand two-phase flow in hydraulic machinery and systems

The water–sand two-phase flow in hydraulic machinery and systems has a strong inter-phase interaction due to the effect of rotating turbulence, but many engineering computations do not consider turbulent effects into the interphase force, affecting the prediction accuracy of inner flow characteristics. The objective of this paper is to provide a new dynamic particle scale-driven interphase force model, and its notable features are shown as follows. In the Euler-Euler framework, the time-scale-driven hybrid URANS/LES model is introduced to extend the resolution scale of rotating turbulence. On this basis, (1) the turbulent factor and the wall factor based on a dynamic particle scale are determined to reflect the effects of turbulent fluctuation and wall surface on the drag force; (2) a new turbulent dispersion force model based on a dynamic particle scale is proposed to characterize the following behavior of heavy particles and their interaction with energetic eddies. Four typical flow cases of sediment-laden flows are tested. It is found that the eddy viscosity of water turbulence is effectively adjusted, thereby allowing more turbulent vortices to be resolved on the same URANS grids. The settling motion and inertial motion of sand are reasonably controlled by the improved interphase force model, thereby giving the prediction results of two-phase flow fields with higher accuracy. The new model improves the simulation accuracy of water–sand two-phase flow with rotation and curvature while does not significantly increase the computational cost, which enables efficient engineering computations of water–sand two-phase flow in hydraulic machinery and systems.

Numerical simulation of multiphase flow in a full coal-direct chemical looping combustion process

Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a promising clean combustion technology alternative to conventional oxy-combustion, yet the full loop flow details are not well understood. In this work, a multi-fluid model based on the Eulerian-Eulerian framework is used to study the gas-solid hydrodynamics in a full-loop Coal-direct chemical looping (CDCL) combustion unit with a unique moving-bed fuel reactor. The unique fluidization states are described throughout the full-loop system. Then, the influences of several operating conditions on the solid circulation rate and pressure distribution are investigated. It is shown that the solids circulation rate is dominantly controlled by the gas flow rate on the standpipe of the L-valve. Meanwhile, a higher combustor gas velocity reduces the pressure of the whole system and an increased L-valve gas velocity influences the pressure distribution slightly but increases the local pressure at the L-valve. This work provides a cost-effective tool for understanding and optimizing the CDCL process.

Optimization of Spray Dryer Design for Small Scale Drying of Milk Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Spray drying technology has long been the industry standard for producing quality powdered products such as milk powder, coffee, juice powder, and pharmaceutical products. Spray dryers convert liquid or slurry directly into powdered form with the help of an atomizer and hot drying gas. One of the applications of such technology can be in the milk industry of Nepal. Spray drying of milk can increase the shelf life of milk and significantly reduce its volume, making it easy for storage and transport. This paper is concerned with the design of such a spray dryer for community-based applications. The drying chamber was designed based on previous literature on the topic. Then the analysis and refinement of the initial design were done using the ANSYS Fluent CFD package. An Eulerian-Eulerian framework was utilized to model the problem. The dimensions and thermo-physical properties were optimized for a drying capacity of 400 kg milk in 8 hours. The optimum inlet conditions were found to be 400 K, 0.385 kg/s for hot air inlet, and 318 K, 0.014 kg/s for milk inlet. The length and diameter of the dryer were optimized to 3700 mm and 1790 mm respectively. The airflow pattern at the axial region of the dryer was found to be downward directed, and that at the peripheral region was found to be turbulent with recirculating eddies. According to the observed trend in the transient simulation, the temperature of the milk reaches a value of 385 K at the inlet for a brief period of 0.78 s and then lowers to 365 K and eventually reaches 340 K while exiting the chamber after two seconds of injection. These results are improvements from previous industrial-scale spray dryers as the maximum temperature inside the dryer and the particle-residence-time were reduced. All of this leads to low thermal degradation of milk while drying.

Towards enhancement of gas-liquid mass transfer in bioelectrochemical systems: Validation of a robust CFD model.

Mass transfer has been identified as a major bottleneck in gas fermentation and microbial conversion of carbon dioxide to chemicals. We present a pragmatic and validated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model for mass transfer in bioelectrochemical systems. Experiments were conducted to measure mixing times and mass transfer in a Duran bottle and an H-cell. An Eulerian-Eulerian framework with a simplified model for the bubble size distribution (BSD) was developed that utilized only one additional equation for the bubble number density while including the breakup and coalescence. Validations of the CFD model for mixing times showed that the predictions were within the confidence intervals of the measurements, verifying the model's capability in simulating the hydrodynamics. Further validations were performed using constant and varying bubble diameters for the mass transfer. The results showed the benefits of a simplified BSD model, as it yielded improvements of seven and four times in accuracy when assessed against the experimental data for the Duran bottle and H-cell, respectively. Modeling of the H-cell predicted that a lower stirring rate improves mass transfer compared with higher stirring rates, which is of great importance when designing microbial cultivation processes. The model offers a feasible framework for advanced modeling of gas fermentation and microbial electrosynthesis.

Computational Modeling of the Impact of Solid Particles on the Gas Hold-up in Slurry Bubble Columns

Three-phase bubble column reactors, despite their broad diffusion in chemical process, are often difficult to describe given the intricate mutual phase interactions. Moreover, validation of computational models is likewise complex, since it is considerably challenging to obtain exhaustive and precise experimental data from these systems. The aim of this work is to predict reliably the effect of disperse solid particles on the overall fluid dynamics of a bubble column by computational fluid dynamics.The small size of particles allowed us to approximate the solid-liquid mixture as a single pseudo-homogeneous phase in the Euler-Euler framework. The simulation settings were tuned on two-phase gas-liquid systems and then extended to the three-phase gas-solid-liquid columns. Experimental data from different setups and correlations for the global gas hold-up in slurry systems were used to validate the model. In particular, what emerges from experiments is that the presence of the solid reduces gas hold-up, as a consequence of the higher density of the slurry in comparison to the pure liquid and the increased coalescence of the bubbles.Results show that this model is able to predict the reduction of the hold-up with a solid volumetric loading up to 20%, achieving good agreement with experimental data. Moreover, what stands out from the simulations is that the addition of the solid also changes the shape of the flow map curve (global hold-up as a function of the gas superficial velocity), switching to a smoother transition between the behavior at low and high gas superficial velocity.

Effects of soot deposition and slot erosion on the mist film-cooling of a flat plate in the presence of upstream ramp

In the present work, the numerical analysis is conducted on the film cooling of a flat plate with the air and mist injection from a slot. The effect of soot deposition and erosion of the cooling slot has been investigated in the presence of an upstream ramp. Simulations are performed at blowing ratios, M = 1, 1.5 and 2 with the slot angles, θ = 30°, 45° and 60°. The effect of presence of upstream ramp is studied by varying ramp angles from α = 5° to 15°. The numerical study is carried out on Eulerian-Eulerian framework. Thermal phase change model based on the evaporation and condensation is used to account heat and mass transfer. It is found that the film cooling effectiveness is better for the mist injection as compared to the air injection. Soot deposition on the cooling slot has a significant influence on the film cooling effectiveness. The soot deposition is not always adversely affecting the film cooling effectiveness. Moreover, the film cooling effectiveness decreases for the eroded slot for all the investigated slot angles and ramp angles for mist injection. An increment in the film cooling effectiveness is observed for 0 < x/2w < 15 in the presence of the upstream ramp; thereafter film cooling decreases as compared to the case without the upstream ramp. The optimum slot angle to inject the mist is found to be θ = 45°.

Pressure recovery and acceleration length of gas-solid suspension in an abrupt expansion – An Eulerian-Eulerian approach

The present study based on the Eulerian-Eulerian frame work, reports the role of inter-particle and particle–wall collisions in conjunction with pertinent parameters in an abrupt expansion pipe. The parameters that were investigated are the pressure recovery and the acceleration length. The solid loading was considered between 2 and 10, within which the roles of collisions were found to be prominent. The collisions are identified as the sole mechanism responsible for the lateral dispersion of the relatively coarse particle (400–1000 µm) into the recirculation zone. An increase in the solid loading (from 2 to 10) and the Reynolds number increases the pressure recovery and the acceleration length. On the other side, the lighter (1020 kg/m3) and relatively small sized particles (400 µm) are also responsible for the same. With an increase in the area ratio up to a critical value ≈9.97 the pressure recovery increases and then reduces.

Predicting of Pool Boiling Heat Transfer From a Horizontal Heated Tube Using Two Fluids Multiphase Model

This simulation aims to investigate numerically the pool boiling heat transfer from horizontal heated copper tube at atmospheric pressure. The Eulerian-Eulerian framework applied together with including Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute RPI boiling model to mimic the boiling process and predicting the heat and mass transfer inside the pool-boiling chamber. Efforts have been made in this simulation to correct the quenching heat flux part by modifying the bubble waiting time coefficient through adopting the trial and error procedure to correlate this coefficient to superheat temperature. The results of the boiling curve and the heat transfer coefficient of the present model are validated with experimental data from the literature and shown good agreement. Moreover, transient analysis of vapor volume fraction contours, vapor velocity vectors, and streamlines of water velocity at different superheat temperatures, as well as the time steps are presented and concisely discussed in this work.