Eugenia Jambolana Seeds Research Articles

Analytical characterization of biomarkers in an optimized novel antidiabetic polyherbal formulation using high-performance thin-layer chromatography and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Background Diabetes mellitus is a chronic health issue that requires novel approaches to treatment and a multimodal approach to prevention. In the treatment of diabetes, a polyherbal formulation is the finest alternative medicine. A polyherbal formulation was developed in-house and evaluated for its antidiabetic potential on streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat. The same extract was now characterized analytically utilizing a variety of methods. Objective The goal of this study was to quantify the biomarkers in a novel antidiabetic polyherbal formulation made in-house with Cinnamonum zeylanicium bark, Eugenia jambolana seeds, Vinca rosea whole plant, and Gymnema sylvestre (GS) leaves, using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Materials and methods Cinnamaldehyde (CIN), gallic acid (GLA), vincristine (VC), vinblastine (VB), and gymnemic acid (GYA) were identified as bioactive components of polyherbal formulation hydroalcoholic extract utilizing HPTLC and LC–MS/MS. Acetonitrile, methanol, and 0.1 percent formic acid was used as mobile phase, chromatographic separation was accomplished in 30 min using a gradient system and a SUNFIRE C18, 250×4.6, 5-µm analytical column with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min in LC–MS/MS research. Scanned in a positive mode with a scan speed of 100–2000 AMU/s over a mass range of 20–1974 Da. The electron-spray ionization mode was used, with a source temperature of 150°C and a desolvation temperature of 350°C. The HPTLC separation was performed using ethyl acetate/acetonitrile/water/formic acid/N-dimethyl formamide 5.5 : 2.5 : 0.5 : 1.0 : 0.5 (v/v) as the mobile phase on precoated silica gel 60 GF254 plates. At room temperature, the plates were developed to a distance of 9.0 cm. CIN, GLA, VC, VB, and GYA plates were scanned and measured at wavelengths of maximum absorption of 259, 287, 342, 355, and 387 nm, respectively. Band size, chamber-saturation duration, migration of the solvent front, slit width, and other experimental parameters were carefully examined, and the optimized chromatographic conditions were chosen. Results LC–MS analysis of the hydroalcoholic extract of the polyherbal formulation revealed the presence of all the five bioactive chemical constituents, CIN, GLA, VC, VB, and GYA. Similarly, the drug samples were satisfactorily resolved with Rf 1.81±0.01, 0.05±0.01, 0.02±0.01, 0.09±0.01, and 0.04±0.01 for CIN, GLA, VC, VB, and GYA respectively, using HPTLC. Conclusion The importance of combining Ayurvedic formulations with contemporary high-throughput screening techniques will spark new interest in more powerful biocompatible drug leads. The findings of this study lend scientific credence to the therapeutic applications of the polyherbal formulation.

Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of a Novel Polyherbal Preparationagainst Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes Rat Model

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disorder characterised by abnormally elevated glucose levels in the blood. Diabetes is caused by one of two mechanisms: insufficient insulin synthesis (which is produced by the pancreas and reduces blood glucose) or insufficient response of cells to insulin action. The current aim of this research project was to formulate and evaluate the Polyherbal preparation (PHP) of the plants constituted with Cinnamonum zeylanicium (CJ) bark, Eugenia jambolana (EJ) seeds, Vinca rosea (VR) whole plant, Gymnema sylvestre (GS) leaves and determination of the anti-diabetic potential of the formulation in the animal model induced by Streptozotocin.
 Methods: Plant components in the current study used were Cinnamonum zeylanicium (CJ) bark, Eugenia jambolana (EJ) seeds, Vinca rosea (VR) whole plant, Gymnema sylvestre (GS) leaves were collected.Using a hydroalcoholic solvent, physico-chemical parameters and active chemical constituents were evaluated. The active components present in the extracts were identified by Preliminary phytochemical screening. The PHP acute toxicity analysis was conducted in compliance with OECD Guideline 423, with 200 mg/kg and 4000 mg/kg administered orally to rats over 28 days.
 Results: Diabetes was induced by STZ and treated with PHF did not show any alterations in behavior and no mortality was observed up to the 2000 mg/kg dose level during the interventional period. By oral administration of PHP with a dosage of 200 and 400 mg/kg, OGTT resulted in a steady decrease in blood glucose levels of 68.74±4.63 mg/dl and 63.83±1.74 mg/dl at 180min after the trial which proves that PHP possess anti-diabetic activity. By mixing each extract in varying proportions, PHP was developed and evaluated. PHP (200 and 400mg/kg) antidiabetic activity wasdetermined for streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats and glibenclamide (5.0mg/kg body weight) was used as a standard drug.The investigational drug was administered for 28 days and the blood glucose level effect of the PHP was analysed on the 28th day after the intervention time.
 Conclusion: The experimental study showed that a persistent and substantial decrease in the average blood glucose level of diabetic rats was observed with repeated administration of PHP and glibenclamide for 28 days. PHP demonstrated substantial antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity similar to the standard drug. The formulation will emerge as a possible mixture that may challenge the synthetic drug.

Antifertility Activity of Eugenia Jambolana Seed Extract in Female Albino Rat

Antifertility Activity of Eugenia Jambolana Seed Extract in Female Albino Rat

Abortive and Teratogenicity of Ethyl Acetate Extract Fraction of Eugenia Jambolana Seed in Pregnant Rats

Abortive and Teratogenicity of Ethyl Acetate Extract Fraction of Eugenia Jambolana Seed in Pregnant Rats

Eugenia Jambolana Seed Decrease Blood Glucose Level

Introduction: The incidence of diabetes mellitus still increasing and needed a cost-effective complementary therapies such as Eugenia jambolana seeds. Eugenia jambolana seeds contain of Chromium and Tannin. It has been reported that Eugenia jambolana seeds has ability to decrease blood glucose, and increase HDL level significantly. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Eugenia jambolana seed to exchange of blood glucose in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Method: A true experimental post test only control group design was used in this study. A number of 15 male albino Wistar rats weighing 100-200 gram were divided into 3 group (normal group, diabetic group and experiment group), 5 rats in each group. Normal group and diabetic group were given aqua 2ml/200 g bw as placebo. Eksperiment group were fed Eugenia jambolana seeds extract 500 mg/Kg b.w for 15 days. Data were analyzed by using One Way ANOVA with significance level α≤0.05.Result: The result showed that blood glucose level of experiment group was significantly different from diabetic group (p=0,001). Discussion: It can be concluded that Eugenia jambolana seeds extract (500 mg/Kg b.w) has an effect to decrease blood glucose level in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Phloroglucinol Derivatives with Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitory Activities from Eugenia jambolana Seeds.

Fifteen new phloroglucinol derivatives, jamunones A-O (1-8 and 10-16, respectively), along with one known analogue spiralisone C (9), were isolated from Eugenia jambolana seeds. Their structures were elucidated by detailed nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry spectroscopic data interpretation. Compounds 1-9, 11, 12, and 14-16 inhibited protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.42 to 3.2 μM.

Comparative study of Eugenia jambolana seed and pulp for antidiabetic action on alloxan induced diabetic rats

Background: Eugenia jambolana Lam ., commonly known as black plum or “jamun” is an important medicinal plant in various traditional systems of medicine. It is effective in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, inflammation, ulcers and diarrhoea and preclinical studies have also shown it to possess chemopreventive, radioprotective and antineoplastic properties. The aim of the present study is to compare the action of extract of Eugenia jambolana (Jamun) seed with pulp on blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. Methods: The extracts (100 mg/kg/d) were administered orally for four weeks to alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Blood glucose was estimated every week for four consecutive weeks. Results: The test drugs that is Eugenia jambolana seed showed more significant (p<0.05) than pulp in reduction of blood glucose induced by alloxan. Conclusions: Thus, Eugenia jambolana seeds show more antidiabetic effect than Eugenia jambolana pulp. However, further studies to isolate the active principle of Eugenia jambolana responsible for hypoglycemia, together with studies on serum insulin assay to confirm its insulin releasing action have to be undertaken.

COMPENSATORY HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECT OF EUGENIA JAMBOLANA SEED DERIVED BIO MOLECULES IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

The research was designed to investigate S treptozotocin (STZ 55 mg/kg body weight) induced diabe tic rats can be used as a model to design a drug for the treatment of diabetes . A novel compound purified from Eugenia jambolana seeds extract showed protein band on SDS PAGE which has the potential action of hypoglycemic so that it can be considered as dr ug for experimental groups. A single dose of purified protein was administered after induction of diabetes with Streptozotocin . The induction of diabetic in rats w ere checked by biochemical analysis re vealed increase blood glucose levels in STZ induced rat s than normal control, protein administrated showed decreased level of glucose and tend to bring down the level to control animal s . D ecrease d in the content of reduced GSH in diabetic rats than control groups of rats w ere confirm ed the compensation b y the a dministration protein , this results has equal response with s tandard drug glibenclamide . Administrated of protein from Eugenia jambolana recovered the activities of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) Catalase (CAT) these enzymes activities re store to the level of normal activity in diabetic rats and protein could tends to compensate the damage in the liver and protect the liver from free radicals generated during diabetes . W estern blot analysis showed the g lucokinase expression increased at en d of the experimental period in diabetic rats. Diabetic rats treated with administration of medicinal plant extract of Eugenia jambolana seed resulted in activation of β - cells and also restored almost normal architecture of liver was confirmed by histopa thological examination.

Removal of Basic Blue-9 Dye from Water by Eugenia jambolana Seeds and Citrullus lanatus Peels

Removal of Basic Blue-9 Dye from Water by Eugenia jambolana Seeds and Citrullus lanatus Peels

Hyperglycemia-induced alteration in reproductive profile and its amelioration by the polyherbal formulation MTEC (modified) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino rats

This study investigated oxidative stress-mediated alterations in the reproductive profile of streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino rats and their amelioration by the polyherbal formulation MTEC (modified), constituted with n-hexane fractions of hydromethanol extracts of Musa paradisiaca roots, Tamarindus indica seeds, Eugenia jambolana seeds, and Coccinia indica leaves in a specific ratio. We noted a change in serum insulin levels and a modulation in carbohydrate metabolic parameters, i.e. increased fasting blood glucose level, elevated glucose-6-phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase activities, along with a diminution of hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities in liver, skeletal muscle, and cardiac muscle, which confirmed the streptozotocin-induced diabetic state. Glycogen levels were decreased in the liver and skeletal tissues. A diminution in reproductive function in the diabetic state was reflected here by significant low values in reproductive organo-somatic indices, sperm count, and motility, along with serum testosterone, but high levels of testicular cholesterol and seminal vesicular fructose. A diminution in activity of the principal antioxidative enzymes along with increased levels of free radical products in the primary and accessory sex organs, as well as in sperm pellets, also confirmed the development of oxidative stress in the male reproductive organs. An increased expression of testicular proapoptotic Bax gene in diabetes also supports the elevation of testicular germ cell apoptosis in the diabetic state. Oral administration of the herbal drug MTEC (modified) at a dose of 10 mg/0.5 mL 2% Tween 80 per 100 g body weight twice daily to the diabetic rats for 28 days significantly corrected the serum insulin level and carbohydrate metabolic parameters. MTEC (modified) also corrected reproductive activities by increasing organo-somatic indices, sperm count, motility, levels of serum testosterone, testicular cholesterol, and seminal vesicular fructose toward their respective control values. Oxidative stress-mediated testicular deformities in diabetes were rectified by treatment with MTEC (modified), as shown here by the increasing activities of antioxidative enzymes and decreasing levels of lipid peroxidative end-products, along with a downregulated pattern of proapoptotic Bax-α protein in testicular tissue, without any development of toxicity. Thus, MTEC (modified) has promising hyperglycemic, antioxidative, and antiapoptotic activities for curing diabetes-induced testicular disorders in a streptozotocin-treated diabetic rat model.

Isothermal and Thermodynamical Modeling of Removing Cationic Dyes Through Biosorption Using Simple and Chemically Modified Eugenia jambolana Seeds as Biosorbent

Isothermal and Thermodynamical Modeling of Removing Cationic Dyes Through Biosorption Using Simple and Chemically Modified Eugenia jambolana Seeds as Biosorbent

Protective role of Brassica olerecea and Eugenia jambolana extracts against H2O2 induced cytotoxicity in H9C2 cells

This study assesses the efficacy of anthocyanin rich Brassica olerecea leaves (ARCE) and flavonoid rich Eugenia jambolana seed (EJSE) extracts as possible cardioprotective agents against hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) induced cytotoxicity in H9C2 cells. Presence of ARCE or EJSE resulted in a superior cell viability and cell integrity as revealed by cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase release assays and acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining of control and H(2)O(2) treated H9C2 cells. These extracts were also able to reduce the impact of H(2)O(2) induced lipid peroxidation and depletion of intracellular glutathione. Also, there was an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species following ARCE or EJSE treatments. These results suggest that ARCE and EJSE are capable of cardioprotective activity due to the high number of anthocyanins and flavonoids in them that are instrumental in lowering intracellular oxidative stress, preventing depletion of cellular antioxidants and improving cell viability.

Standardized Flavonoid-Rich Eugenia jambolana Seed Extract Retards In Vitro and In Vivo LDL Oxidation and Expression of VCAM-1 and P-Selectin in Atherogenic Rats

The present inventory evaluates anti-atherogenic potential of flavonoid-rich Eugenia jambolana seed extract (EJSE) against in vitro low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, foam cell formation, and atherogenic (ATH) diet-induced experimental atherosclerosis in rats. EJSE was able to prevent in vitro LDL oxidation and oxidized LDL-induced macrophage foam cell formation. Also, EJSE supplementation to ATH rats significantly minimized increment in serum markers of LDL oxidation. The ex vivo oxidation indices were also minimized in LDL of EJSE-treated animals. Microscopic evaluation of thoracic aorta of ATH+EJSE rats recorded minimal evidence of atheromatous plaque formation, accumulation of lipid laden macrophages, calcium deposition, and expression of cell adhesion molecules (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and P-selectin). This is the first scientific report that demonstrates anti-atherogenic potential of EJSE and warrants further evaluation at clinical level.

Hypoglycemic activity of inorganic constituents in Eugenia jambolana seed on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats.

Medicinal herbs used in indigenous medicines for the management of diabetes mellitus contain both organic and inorganic constituents. Some of these inorganic trace elements possess antidiabetic properties, which accounts for the activity of medicinal herbs. The aim of this study was to analyze the inorganic trace elements present in Eugenia jambolana seeds and to evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of the inorganic part of E. jambolana seeds on streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The seeds of E. jambolana seeds were reduced to ash and the inorganic elements present were assayed. The hypoglycemic efficacy of the inorganic part was tested by the glucose tolerance test on streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Elements such as zinc, chromium, vanadium, potassium, and sodium, possessing hypoglycemic activity, were present in the seed. The E. jambolana seed ash-treated diabetic rats exhibited normoglycemia and better glucose tolerance. The conclusion that the inorganic constituents might play a important role in the antidiabetic nature E. jambolana seeds was reached.