Etiology Of Acute Abdomen Research Articles

The thousand and one faces of appendicitis: Appendiceal torsion as an exceptional etiology of acute abdomen

The thousand and one faces of appendicitis: Appendiceal torsion as an exceptional etiology of acute abdomen

A Qualitative Study of the Triage of Patients with Non-Traumatic Acute Abdomen

Objective: To explore the work experience of medical staff in the emergency department of a general hospital in the triage of patients with non-traumatic acute abdomen to formulate corresponding intervention measures and branch evaluation tools. Methods: With descriptive phenomenology as the research method, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the medical staff in a tertiary hospital in Nanjing from February 1st to 10th, 2023, and Colaizzi seven-step analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 17 emergency medical staff were interviewed in this study. Four themes were derived from the analysis of the data: the etiology of acute abdomen is complex, so it is difficult to categorize them: acute abdomen requires immediate treatment, but the treat will be delayed if the categorization is inaccurate; the high pressure of nurses and the accuracy in categorizing the patients are problems that should be addressed. Conclusion: The categorization of patients with non-traumatic acute abdomen is challenging. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out corresponding intervention and formulate appropriate departmental evaluation tools to improve the accuracy of categorization of patients with acute abdomen.

Acute Abdomen in Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnosis and Management.

An unusual diagnostic and treatment challenge is presented by an acute abdomen during pregnancy. Obstetric factors and other causes unrelated to pregnancyalso contribute to acute abdominal discomfort in pregnancy. Due to the changing clinical presentations brought on by the anatomical and physiological changes of pregnancy as well as the hesitation to utilize certain radiological studies out of concern about damaging the fetus, the diagnosis of the acute abdomen during pregnancy can be challenging. Delays in identification and treatment may have negative effects on the mother as well as the fetus. This review sheds light on the importance of anatomical andphysiological considerations, early diagnoses, and understanding the various modalities and etiologies of acute abdomen in pregnancy (AAP).We then move on to discuss the various diagnostic techniques that can help the physician determine thecauses and plan well-informed treatment. We examine and contrast different radiographic tests, including X-rays, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound. We also talk about the various roles that these investigational methods can play in the evaluation and treatment throughout the duration of the pregnancy. The paper additionally addresses how to handle patients who appear with AAPand the different techniques used to treat them, including pre-operative laparoscopy. Before going over some more broad points that might be useful, we eventually dive into some of the more intriguing etiologies relating to AAP, such as isolated tubal torsion and neoplastic complications.

Evaluation of surgical abdomen in pediatric subjects admitted for acute abdomen at our tertiary care centre

Acute abdominal pain is one of the most common problems in children admitted to the pediatric emergency department (ED), and often presents a diagnostic dilemma for primary clinicians. Acute abdominal pain in patients presenting to the ED is often diagnosed as a disorder that does not require surgical intervention, such as acute gastroenteritis, functional digestive disorders or constipation. Objectives of our study: to evaluate various etilogies of acute abdomen in children presenting to paediatric emergency department and to estimate the prevalence of surgical abdomen in children presenting to pediatric emergency department. Methodology: Demographic information of the patients was noted down from the hospital case records, which include age, gender. Presenting complaints, clinical signs, etiologies of acute abdomen, laboratory investigations results TLC, DC, CRP, USG findings, CT abdomen findings, time and date of admission, daily progress, time and date of discharge were noted. In traumatic group apart of these observations additional lab investigations like amylase, lipase, ALT, AST, total protein and A:G ratio were noted. Results: We had a total of 132 subjects in non-traumatic group out of which 73% had acute appendicitis, 14% had incarcerated hernia, 7% had instussception, 5% had perforation and 0.75% had torsion.

Cornual abscess rupture: A rare etiology of acute abdomen.

Key Clinical MessageRuptured cornual abscess or pyometra can resemble other more common causes of acute abdomen, including appendicitis, diverticulitis, tubo‐ovarian abscess, and perforated viscus. Despite its rarity, the diagnosis of ruptured pyometra should always be considered in females presenting with acute abdominal pain, particularly in the setting of a retained intrauterine device.

A study on acute surgical abdomen in paediatric age group

Background: Acute abdomen is common surgical problem therefore it is important to understand its epidemiological and clinical aspects in order to adopt appropriate line of management. It is important to distinguish between causes requiring surgical treatment and those do not. Hence this study is undertaken to recognise the pattern of acute abdomen in paediatric age group. Methods: The present study conducted in paediatric surgery unit of department of surgery, Dr. BRAM Hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, during January 2013 to December 2015. Patients were admitted and conservative line of management was started. Routine and specific investigations were done. After proper resuscitation and assessment patients were managed either by conservatively or by appropriate surgical procedures. Postoperative care was done and outcome of the study was noted. Results: In the present study, most of the patients were in the age group of 6-10 years (27.5%) followed by neonates (21.67%). Majority of patients were male. Etiology of acute abdomen was congenital in 21.66% cases and acquired in 78.33% cases. In acquired causes most common was non-penetrating abdominal trauma followed by acute appendicitis. In congenital causes most common was anorectal malformations followed by congenital megacolon. Most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain (83.33%) and vomiting (79.17) while most common sign was tachycardia and tenderness. Inflamed appendix was the most common intraoperative finding (16.67%) and colostomy was the most commonly performed operative procedure (25.57% cases) followed by appendicectomy (19.69%). Fever was most common postoperative complication followed by chest infection. Mortality was higher in operative group (16.67%) as compared to non-operative (9.25%) and neonatal mortality was higher followed by infants. Conclusions: Early diagnosis and prompt intervention is crucial factor to improve the outcome in acute surgical abdomen cases.

Etiology of non-traumatic acute abdomen in pediatric emergency departments

Acute abdominal pain is a common complaint in pediatric emergency departments. A complete evaluation is the key factor approaching the disease and should include the patient's age, any trauma history, the onset and chronicity of the pain, the related symptoms and a detailed physical examination. The aim of this review article is to provide some information for physicians in pediatric emergency departments, with the age factors and several causes of non-traumatic acute abdominal pain. The leading causes of acute abdominal pain are divided into four age groups: infants younger than 2 years old, children 2 to 5, children 5 to 12, and children older than 12 years old. We review the information about acute appendicitis, intussusception, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, infection, Meckel's diverticulum and mesenteric adenitis. In conclusion, the etiologies of acute abdomen in children admitted to the emergency department vary depending on age. A complete history and detailed physical examination, as well as abdominal imaging examinations, could provide useful information for physicians in the emergency department to narrow the differential diagnosis of abdominal emergencies and give a timely treatment.

Primary omental torsion: Report of two cases

Two patients with omental torsion, who presented with acute abdomen, are reported. The first case, a 14-yearold boy, was admitted for acute appendicitis. During surgery, omental torsion on the long axis was diagnosed and the involved omentum was resected. The patient had not experienced any previous abdominal surgery. The second case, a 49-year-old man, was admitted with symptoms of acute abdomen. Similarly, a laparotomy revealed omental torsion around the long axis. This patient also had no history of previous abdominal surgery. The involved portion of the omentum was also resected. Omental torsion is a rare cause of acute abdomen in children and adults, who may present with various signs and symptoms mimicking other etiologies of acute abdomen. A preoperative diagnosis may therefore be difficult and it usually can only be established during surgery.

Acute ulcerative jejunal diverticulitis: Case report of an uncommon entity

Jejunal diverticulosis is a rare entity with variable clinical and anatomical presentations. Its reported incidence varies from 0.05% to 6%. Although there is no consensus on the management of asymptomatic jejunal diverticular disease, some complications are potentially life threatening and require early surgical treatment. We report a case of an 88-year-old man investigated for acute abdominal pain with a high biological inflammatory syndrome. Inflammation of multiple giant jejunal diverticulum was discovered at abdominal computed tomography (CT). As a result of the clinical and biological signs of early peritonitis, an emergency surgical exploration was performed. The first jejunal loop showed clear signs of jejunal diverticulitis. Primary segmental jejunum resection with end-to-end anastomosis was performed. Histopathology report confirmed an ulcerative jejunal diverticulitis with imminent perforation and acute local peritonitis. The patient made an excellent rapid postoperative recovery. Jejunal diverticulum is rare but may cause serious complications. It should be considered a possible etiology of acute abdomen, especially in elderly patients with unusual symptomatology. Abdominal CT is the diagnostic tool of choice. The best treatment is emergency surgical management.