University Ethics Research Articles

Prevalence Of Cervicogenic Vertigo Among Patients with Cervical Spondylosis; A Cross Sectional Survey

Cervical vertigo is a phrase used to describe to-and-fro vertigo and unsteadiness of gait caused by neck lesions. Cervicogenic dizziness is caused by cervical spine involvement. Cervical vertigo is caused by a variety of etiologies and processes. Objective: The study was to find Prevalence of Cervicogenic Vertigo Among Patients with Cervical Spondylosis. Methods: This study included 78 individuals who had a confirmed diagnosis of cervical spondylosis. Data was obtained from several hospitals in Lahore using a standardized vertigo questionnaire from all participants after clearance from the university ethics council and IRB UOL. Data was collected using a convenient sampling strategy. Results: Total of 78 people were selected in study. There were 45 men and 33 women among them. In this study, 65 people reported experiencing lightheadedness when dizzy, while 13 persons reported not experiencing lightheadedness when dizzy. In this study, 65 people reported experiencing blacking out when dizzy, whereas 13 persons reported not experiencing blacking out when dizzy. Conclusion: According to the findings of this investigation, cervicogenic vertigo is prevalent in senior individuals with cervical spondylosis.

Informed consent prior to nursing care: Nurses' use of information.

Informed consent prior to nursing care procedures is an established principle which acknowledges the right of the patient to authorise what is done to him or her; consent prior to nursing care should not be assumed. Nursing care procedures have the potential to be unwanted by the patient and hence require an appropriate form of authorisation that takes into consideration the relationship between the nurse and patient and the ongoing nature of care delivery. How do nurses obtain consent from patients prior to nursing care?. Critical incident technique and the collection of critical happenings. 17 participants who were all qualified nurses took part in in-depth interviews. Ethical approval was obtained from the university ethics committee. Information giving is a key component prior to nursing care procedures. Nurses provide information to patients as a routine aspect of care delivery, and do so even when the patient is unable to communicate themselves. Whilst some participants described how information giving might be rushed or overlooked at times, it is clearly an established part of nursing care and is provided to ensure the patient knows what to expect when care is delivered. What is less clear is the extent to which information is given in order to seek the consent - rather than merely inform the patient - about nursing care. Implied consent is often an appropriate way in which consent is obtained prior to nursing care procedures. It takes into account the ongoing care provision and the relationship that exists between the nurse and patient. However implied consent should not be assumed. Nurses need to ensure that information is given not only to inform the patient about a procedure but to enable the patient to give his or her consent and to find an alternative way forward if the patient withholds their consent.

Understanding the Needs and Priorities of People Living with Persistent Pain and Long-Term Musculoskeletal Conditions during the COVID-19 Pandemic-A Public Involvement Project.

Background: Critiques of public involvement (PI) are associated with failing to be inclusive of under-represented groups, and this leads to research that fails to include a diversity of perspectives. Aim: The aim of this PI project was to understand the experiences and priorities of people from three seldom-heard groups whose musculoskeletal pain may have been exacerbated or treatment delayed due to COVID-19. Engaging representatives to report diverse experiences was important, given the goal of developing further research into personalised and integrated care and addressing population health concerns about access and self-management for people with musculoskeletal pain. Methods: The project was approved via Sheffield Hallam University Ethics but was exempt from further HRA approval. A literature review was conducted, followed by informal individual and group discussions involving professionals and people with lived experience of (a) fibromyalgia pain, (b) those waiting for elective surgery and (c) experts associated with the care home sector. Findings from the literature review were combined with the insights from the public involvement. Resulting narratives were developed to highlight the challenges associated with persistent pain and informed the creation of consensus statements on the priorities for service improvement and future research. The consensus statements were shared and refined with input from an expert steering group. Results: The narratives describe pain as a uniformly difficult experience to share with professionals; it is described as exhausting, frustrating and socially limiting. Pain leads to exclusion from routine daily activities and often resigns people to feeling and being unwell. In all cases, there are concerns about accessing and improving services and critical issues associated with optimising physical activity, functional wellbeing and managing polypharmacy. Exercise and/or mobilisation are important and commonly used self-management strategies, but opportunity and advice about safe methods are variable. Services should focus on personalised care, including self-management support and medication management, so that people’s views and needs are heard and validated by health professionals. Conclusions: More research is needed to explore the most effective pain management strategies, and public involvement is important to shape the most relevant research questions. Health and care systems evaluation is also needed to address the scale of the population health need. The pandemic appears to have highlighted pre-existing shortcomings in holistic pain management.

Traditional Methods and Practices Used in Society to Prevent COVID-19.

AIM:The aim of this study was to determine the traditional methods and practices used during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.Method:This descriptive study was conducted between July 11 and 25, 2020, with volunteers above 18 years of age registered in the population of a district located in a rural district in Turkey. For the implementation of the study, permission was obtained from the Selçuk University Ethics Committee of Non-Interventional Scientific Research. The data collection form consisted of two parts. In the first part of the data collection form, there are seven questions concerning about characteristics of the participants. In the second part of the form, there are 13 questions concerning about characteristics of the participants. During the research application, data were collected from 500 participants. Data of the study were summarized in numbers, percentage, mean, and standard deviation and Fisher’s exact and Chi-square tests were performed.Results:Participants mostly used disinfectant (2.97 ± 1.18) and cologne (2.87 ± 1.09) in their personal hygiene for protection against coronavirus disease 2019 infection, in addition to home ventilation (3.77 ± 0.54) and use of bleach (2.78 ± 1.36) for home/environmental hygiene. Around 80.4% of those who did not take precautions did not work in healthcare and the status of taking precautions against coronavirus disease 2019 varied according to the field of employment (p = .000).The traditional method total score changed between the age groups 18–45 and 46–76 years, and the use of traditional methods increased with age (p = .000).Conclusion: It was determined that the rate of using protective measures recommended by experts during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic was high in the research group, while the scores of using traditional methods were also high. In addition, the rate of using protective measures was high among health sector workers. Results from this study may suggest further research to reveal the traditional methods and practices used during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in order to take precautions for methods and practices known to be detrimental to human health and to increase the use of those known to be useful, in line with the results obtained.

Parental psychosocial needs in Brazilian paediatric intensive care units

BackgroundHaving children admitted in the intensive care unit is a demanding experience for parents. They encounter several difficulties during this process, and it is important to properly identify their psychosocial needs for the health team to address appropriately. ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to identify the psychosocial needs encountered by parents of children in pediatric intensive care units in Brazil. MethodsA descriptive study with a qualitative approach was used to increase understanding of psychosocial experiences of parents. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 parents of hospitalized children in pediatric intensive care units in Brazil. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The university ethics review committee approved the research protocol. All parents were informed on study details and provided written consent prior to the interview. ResultsFour themes were constructed: 1) Support from family and peers; 2) Support from the healthcare team; 3) Parental role; and 4) Emotional recovery. Parents expressed diverse psychosocial needs based on family and peer social support, child's clinical condition, as well as the structure, norms, and routines of health care teams during hospitalization. ConclusionsThe findings highlight the importance of nursing assessment of psychosocial experiences encountered by parents of children in pediatric intensive care units, which will guide planning of individualized interventions and to increase family-centered care in pediatric intensive care units.

Ethical dilemmas of kazakhstani journalists

A journalist is supposed to provide society with true, objective, balanced, up-to-date information and act fairly and impartially, be truthful and transparent. Otherwise, journalists may cause harm by failing to act ethically. The purpose of this research is to examine journalism ethics in Kazakhstan, explain probable reasons for ethical misbehavior and suggest possible solutions to the existing problems in journalistic ethics. It is an important study because journalism misbehavior affects everyone and little attention is given in research about journalism ethics in Kazakhstan. To address research inquiry, this research study uses qualitative structured interviews with 11 working journalists and editors in the country. The interviews were conducted in Russian language during the fall 2021. Convenience and snowball sampling were used in the study. Specifically, seven journalists working in independent media outlets, three journalists from state-owned media outlets and one journalist working in international media outlet, participated in the study. The sample consisted of five women and six men, ranging in age from 29 to 49 years old and having experience in journalism from seven to 25 years. The interviewees did not receive a monetary compensation for participation. The findings suggest that socio-economic, political and personal factors explain ethical misbehavior in journalism. As for probable solutions to the current problems in journalistic ethics, the majority of the respondents believe that the situation may be improved through teaching ethics in universities, holding training and professional workshops for everyone involved in journalism. Some journalists suggest that nothing needs to be done with ethics and instead it is necessary to solve some complex issues in society. The value of the conducted research lies in the study of the reasons for ethical misbehavior. Keywords: journalistic ethics, Kazakhstan, journalism, ethical principles, deontology.

Vulnerability for alcohol use disorder after adverse childhood experiences (AUDACE): protocol for a longitudinal fMRI study assessing neuropsychobiological risk factors for relapse

BackgroundAdverse childhood experiences (ACE) are common and may predispose affected individuals to various health problems, including alcohol use disorder (AUD). Although a relationship between ACE and AUD has been well-established,...

General Practice Nurses' experiences of changing care delivery during COVID-19. Implications for future practice: Qualitative study protocol.

Aim To explore how General Practice Nurses experience implementing change at pace and scale in delivering care during consecutive waves of the COVID‐19 pandemic.To evaluate the impact of changes to general practice nurses' working practices on professional wellbeing. BackgroundIn response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, general practice rapidly and extensively changed care delivery. There has been little exploration of the experiences of General Practice Nurses and care delivery, job satisfaction, workload, stress and professional support.DesignA qualitative case study design of three to five general practice case sites will explore General Practice Nurses' experiences during the Covid‐19 pandemic. The study was funded and approved by the General Nursing Council Trust in June 2021. University ethics approval was gained in July 2021. Health Research Authority approval has been obtained [IRAS:30353. Protocol number: R23982. Ref 21/HRA/5132. CPMS: 51834].MethodsData will consist of focus groups and/or semi‐structured interviews with General Practice Nurses, primary healthcare team members and other key informants. Business/strategy and nurse team meetings relating to workforce planning/review will be observed. Documents will be analysed and routinely collected general practice data will provide descriptive contextualisation at each site. The study will be theoretically underpinned by the Non‐adoption, Abandonment, Scale‐up, Spread and Sustainability Framework and data analysed using framework analysis.DiscussionGeneral Practice Nurses have a unique sphere of knowledge and undertake specific work in primary care. This workforce is challenged by recruitment, retention and retirement issues, leading to the loss of highly experienced and knowledgeable professionals. It is important to explore how working practices brought about by Covid‐19 affect General Practice Nurses.ImpactThis study will explore working practices brought about by the Covid‐19 pandemic to inform care delivery, patient care and support General Practice Nursing workforce wellbeing and will highlight and mitigate negative aspects of novel and changing care delivery. Key factors in implementing and supporting future practice and change implementation will be developed.Trial registration: CPMS: 51834.

Digital intraoral scanner devices- validation study based on common evaluation criteria

Traditional impression taking is dominant in Hungary; however, the evolution of intraoral scanners (IOS) is rapid. Validation study was needed to evaluate IOSs. Validation study aimed to compare different IOSs based on objective parameters. Twelve different scanners were examined from eight manufacturers (in order of testing period): 3Shape Trios3PodÂŪ, Planmeca EmeraldÂŪ, Straumann DWIOÂŪ, GCAadvaÂŪ, iTero Element2ÂŪ, CEREC PrimescanÂŪ, Medit i500DIOS4ÂŪ, 3Shape Trios4MoveÂŪ, Carestream3600ÂŪ, 3Shape Trios4PodÂŪ, Carestream3700ÂŪ, Planmeca EmeraldSÂŪ. Each scanner was tested during a 2-week period. Three dental students with no previous experience with IOSs and the same education before the examination took part in testing procedure. The evaluation of the scanners was performed in four different ways: (a)summary chart, (b)comparative assessment (weight and circumference of the scanner) (c)in vitro measurements (scanning time and continuity of scanning) and (d)accuracy. A scoring system was created for the objective marking of the scanners. The permission for this study was given by the University Ethics Committee of Semmelweis University (SE RKEB number:108/2019). The differences between IOSs are manifested in points (summary chart-max.10 points+weight of scanner-max.2,5 points+circumference of scanner-max.2,5 points+in vitro scanning time-max.2,5 points+stops of data capturing-max.2,5 points+accuracy-max.10 points=summary-max.30 points): GCAadvaÂŪ:0+1,95+0+0,71+1,07+2,6= 6,33 ;Straumann DWIOÂŪ:0+2,24+2,26+0,13+1,07+2,6= 8,30 ;PlanmecaEmeraldÂŪ:5,19+1,63+0,72+0+0+1,6= 8,74 ;iTeroElement2ÂŪ:0,74+0,39+1,1+0,84+2,5+6= 11,57 ;Carestream3600ÂŪ:1,11+1,24+1,47+1,74+2,5+3,8= 11,86 ;Me-diti500DIOS4ÂŪ:0+1,47+1,57+1,22+2,14+6,8= 13,20 ;3ShapeTrios3PodÂŪ:4,07+1,19+1,5+0,84+2,5+4,6= 14,70 ;CERECPrimescanÂŪ:4,07+0+1,38+1,19+2,14+7,4= 16,18 ;PlanmecaEmeraldSÂŪ:6,30+1,52+1,13+1,96+1,43+4,4= 16,74 ;Carestream3700ÂŪ:6,3+1,25+1,61+2,42+2,5+3,6= 17,68 ;3ShapeTrios4MoveÂŪ:7,78+1+1,38+2,12+2,5+6,4= 21,18 ;3Shape Trios4PodÂŪ:10+0,99+1,44+2,5+2,5+7= 24,43 . The scoring system reflects the differences between scanners and determines their main indication area to help Hungarian clinicians to select the appropriate IOS. The next generations of the scanners have better properties than the previous versions.

Real time learning during and after the pandemic: how to productively use chat and polling

ABSTRACT During the pandemic, students have been regularly engaged in what I call real time learning through chat and polling exercises. This is an exciting development, but one that also carries the risk of being poorly implemented and not achieving its intended learning outcomes. Four real time teaching methods are presented in this article for consideration by instructors. These methods activate the early stages of the learning process as students encounter and reflect on concepts, puzzles and cases. The resulting level of student engagement acts as a stepping-stone towards higher-level thinking. The four methods are: reproducing questions from polling organizations; asking prediction-oriented questions; repeating polls several weeks later; and, placing more attention on text-based entry. Teaching innovation here represents small changes in the classroom that can be adopted by a wide number of instructors, carrying discernible impacts on student learning. The data from this study suggest that well-designed use of the chat box is the most effective of the four teaching methods examined. The lessons derived from real time learning in social science courses, especially how students recognize the learning opportunities afforded by short writing activities, can be applied in other disciplines. Statement on Human Ethics This study was deemed by the university's human ethics committee as not requiring human ethics approval. While preparing this manuscript, the instructor took the following steps: the instructor set out to reflect and report on the students' work after the course was completed. the questionnaire was administered at the end of semester. The students' participation in the survey did not count towards their grade in the class and there were no repercussions for those who did not participate. Knowing who participated in the questionnaire would be impossible in any event. the focus group was entirely optional for students and it was conducted after grades had been submitted.

Epilepsy Stigma Among University Students in Makkah: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BackgroundEpilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by a persistent propensity to generate recurring epileptic seizures. Young adults such as university students can bridge the gap and improve attitudes toward patients with epilepsy and reduce stigma. This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude of university students in the city of Makkah about epilepsy.MethodsThis cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at main universities in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted after getting approval from Umm Al-Qura University’s ethics and research committee. A total of 394 participants were enrolled in the study, and a stratified random sampling (probability sampling) technique was used to select respondents.ResultsThe study included students with a mean age of 20.9 ± 4.6 (18–28 years), 271 (68.8%) students were females, 374 (94.9%) of the students agreed that epilepsy is not contagious, and 215 (54.6%) refused the impact of epilepsy on patients’ marital status, relationships and fertility, respectively, 213 (54.1%) of the students reported that they feel scared to witness a seizure. About 334 (84.8%) respondents believed that epilepsy is an affliction, and 123 (31.2%) reported that they thought epilepsy was a supernatural phenomenon or black magic.ConclusionThe study concluded a satisfactory level of awareness among university students in Makkah related to dealing with patients with epilepsy. Further scientific studies will help build student’s positive attitudes through simulation programs and interventional studies.

The Effect of the Pandemic on the Performance of Tourist Guides and the Practice of Their Professions: A Qualitative Study in the Cappadocia Region

Crises are the turning points where all industries are heavily affected, national economies experience significant problems, and only businesses which develop appropriate strategies and methods can survive. Sometimes natural disasters and sometimes terrorist attacks may cause these crisis periods to occur. In such cases, people first give up on their luxury consumption, such as their touristic travels. This situation makes the tourism sector to be one of the most vulnerable sectors. Tourism is a labor-intensive industry and one of the first sectors affected by such negativities. Therefore, tourism workers particularly feel many difficulties in such periods. One of these affected occupational groups is the tour guiding profession. This study aims to reveal the tour guides' experiences during the pandemic, which caused a significant sectoral crisis, and the effect of these experiences on their performance. The research carried out a qualitative research method and phenomenological research design. Professional tour guides were selected with snowball sampling, which is one of the purposive sampling methods. The ethical compliance of the prepared interview form was endorsed by the Iğdır University Ethics Committee Approval, dated 01.04.2021-No. 2021/12. Interviews were conducted with 20 professional tour guides registered at Nevşehir Chamber of Guides. The audio recordings obtained from the interviews were transcripted and identified as the MAXQDA project. In the study, content analysis was used as the analysis method. Three main themes and ten sub-themes were created using the data from the literature and the field. As a result of the coding process, the most repeated principal theme was determined as "Psychological and Behavioral Results." The most repeated sub-theme was "Professional Dissatisfaction." The research results have revealed that professional tour guides were not satisfied with their profession during the pandemic period, and the pandemic process had unfavorable effects on their performance.

Digital intraoral scanner devices: a validation study based on common evaluation criteria

BackgroundThe evolution of intraoral scanners (IOSs) is rapid, and new IOSs appear on the market with different properties depending on the manufacturers. There is no uniform rating system based on a defined set of aspects that has reported in the literature that can be used to compare these devices. This validation study aimed to compare different IOSs based on objective and comprehensive parameters.MethodsIn this study, 12 different IOSs were examined. The IOSs that were tested in this study in order of their delivery included the 3Shape Trios 3 Pod®, Planmeca Emerald®, Straumann DWIO®, GC Aadva®, iTero Element 2®, CEREC Primescan®, Medit i500®, 3Shape Trios 4 Move®, Carestream CS3600®, 3Shape Trios 4 Pod®, Carestream CS3700®, and Planmeca Emerald S®. IOSs were evaluated in four different ways: (a)summary chart, (b)comparative assessment, (c)data based on in vitro measurements and (d)accuracy measurements. A scoring system was created to enable an objective rating of IOSs.ResultsThe differences among IOSs were demonstrated in point scores (summary chart[max. 10 points] + weight of IOSs[max. 2.5 points] + circumference of IOSs[max. 2.5 points] + in vitro scanning time[max. 2.5 points] + pauses in data capture[max. 2.5 points] + accuracy[max. 10 points] = summary[max. 30 points]). Trios 4 Pod achieved the greatest cumulative score (23.37 points), furthermore it earned the highest points for summary chart and scanning speed. Regarding scanning continuity, the best-performing IOSs, which tied at identical point scores, were the Trios 3 and 4 Pod, Trios 4 Move, iTero Element 2, CS3600 and CS3700. The most accurate IOS was the CEREC Primescan, although it earned the lowest points of the comparative assessment (heaviest IOS). GC Aadva scored 5.73 points of a maximum of 30 points, which was the poorest result in this study.ConclusionThe scoring system reflects the differences among IOS devices based on the evaluated objective parameters and can be used to help clinicians select the right IOS device. The new generations of IOSs have more special properties, and their accuracy is higher than the previous versions.Trial registration The permission for this study was granted by University Ethics Committee of Semmelweis University (SE RKEB number:108/2019).

P279 Prevalance of frailty in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background/Aims Frailty is characterised by increased fatigue and vulnerability, which leads to adverse health outcomes. Although common in older adults, recent studies have reported the increased prevalence of frailty in various rheumatological diseases regardless of age. However, there are very few studies of the prevalence of frailty in people with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Thus, this study aims to address this gap in the literature by investigating frailty prevalence in a group of AS patients and assessing the disease-specific outcome measures. Methods 50 AS patients aged between 40 and 65 were included in this monocentric cross-sectional study. The study protocol was approved by the university ethics committee and all participants provided written informed consent. Patients were grouped as pre-frail, frail and robust according to the Kihon Checklist; <4 was accepted as robust, ≥4 pre-frail, and 8≥frail. Grip strength, walking speed, pain during activity and rest were determined. Nutritional status, disease activity, functional level and quality of life were assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (ASQoL) respectively. One-way ANOVA was conducted to compare the patients in groups with post-hoc comparisons. Results 26% of patients were robust, 32% were pre-frail and 42% were frail. Compared to robust individuals, the pre-frail and frail individuals had significantly higher BASFI, BASDAI, ASQoL scores and a higher level of pain severity during rest. Pain during activity and walking speed were not significant between frail and pre-frail individuals. Conclusion Our preliminary findings indicate that frailty or pre-frailty is common in working-age AS patients. Being frail resulted in higher disease activity and pain severity, and especially worse self-reported outcome measure scores. Since frailty is a reversible condition, identifying the pre-frailty and frailty status of AS patients may help to prevent further decline in functional level and to design appropriate treatment interventions. Disclosure Ö. Öztürk: None. Ö. Feyzioğu: None.

Семиотика корпоративной культуры студентов в опорном вузе Кузбасса

This research featured the semiotics of student corporate culture at the Kemerovo State University (Kemerovo, Russia) and the concept of corporate campus culture in scientific literature. Corporate culture unites the semiotics of behavioral patterns, university events, student communities, university media, etc. New subjects of the academic process get integrated into the established corporate culture according to the basic laws of the semiosphere, i.e. rituals and initiations. The initiation character of university culture can be explained by the fact that students find themselves in threshold situations much more often than members of other social groups. Academics (mentors) pass the code of university ethics to students (neophytes). Not only do academic activities develop knowledge and skills, but they also integrate students into the new sociocultural environment, promote their development, and encourage self-realization, thus emphasizing their belonging to the university community. In the modern digital environment, university media are especially important for corporate culture. At the Kemerovo State University, students publish newspapers and make TV programs. University media consolidate the corporate members, i.e. students, academic staff, and employees, as well as attract the external audience, i.e. applicants, partner organizations, etc. Traditional forms with updated content proved to be the most effective ways of including first-year students in corporate culture.

Conceptual Tools to Inform Course Design and Teaching for Ethical Engineering Engagement for Diverse Student Populations.

Contemporary engineering education recognises the need for engineering ethics content in undergraduate programmes to extend beyond concepts that form the basis of professional codes to consider relationality and context of engineering practice. Yet there is debate on how this might be done, and we argue that the design and pedagogy for engineering ethics has to consider what and to whom ethics is taught in a particular context. Our interest is in the possibilities and challenges of pursuing the dual imperatives of socialization and critique. Socialization involves creating opportunities for all, in a diverse cohort of students, to access and engage with the dominant professional engineering ethics knowledge, while critique involves engaging with a range of ways of knowing, valuing, being and using language as relevant in contemporary engineering practice. We identify conceptual tools from engineering ethics and ethical pedagogy in education scholarship for our context. We illustrate how we use these tools systematically to strengthen our reflective practice in a first-year university engineering ethics module to a deeper form of reflexivity. Specifically, we explore the ways in which we attend to the dual imperatives and also highlight opportunities that we miss. We identify as key opportunities design choices such as how we formulated questions and prompts, and how we attended to content, context and language in selecting classroom texts. Other key opportunities were pedagogical choices of when and how to use student contributions in discussion, and what was made explicit in the classroom and assessment. We share our plans to take our learnings forward in our practice and consider the generative possibilities of these learnings and the concepts in other contexts.

Ethical considerations in social media analytics in the context of migration: lessons learned from a Horizon 2020 project

The ubiquitous use of social platforms across the globe makes them attractive options for investigating social phenomena including migration. However, the use of social media data raises several crucial ethical issues around the areas of informed consent, anonymity and profiling of individuals, which are particularly sensitive when looking at a population such as migrants, which is often considered as ‘vulnerable’. In this paper, we discuss how the opportunities and challenges related to social media research in the context of migration impact on the development of large-scale scientific projects. Building on the EU-funded research project PERCEPTIONS, we explore the concrete challenges experienced in such projects regarding profiling, informed consent, bias, data sharing and ethical approval procedures, as well as the strategies used to mitigate them. We draw from lessons learned in this project to discuss implications and recommendations to researchers, funders and university ethics review panels. This paper contributes to the growing discussion on the ethical challenges associated with big social data research projects on migration by highlighting concrete aspects stakeholders should be looking for and questioning when involved in such large-scale scientific projects where collaboration, data sharing and transformation and practicalities are of importance.

Retrospective assessment of the association between inhalation anesthesia and post-operative complications in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery

Background/Aim: Today, obesity is a rapidly growing health problem. Healthcare professionals have been encountering both obese adult and adolescent patients in the operating room more and more frequently. Morbid obesity affects all body systems, thus necessitating greater care in anesthesia management. Studies conducted in recent years have failed to find clear evidence for the most appropriate anesthesia technique with minimal effect on post-operative complications. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the effects of inhalation anesthesia and total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) on post-operative complications in morbidly obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery. Methods: After receiving approval from the University Ethics Committee, the files of 304 patients who underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy between January 2018 and December 2021 were screened. Patients with unexpectedly difficult airways, who underwent open surgery, in whom the anesthesia technique had to be changed intra-operatively for any reason, those scheduled for intensive care as decided during surgical planning, and those with liver or kidney failure were excluded from the study. A total of 278 patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the method of anesthesia used: (1) TIVA (Group T) and (2) inhalation anesthesia (Group I). Results: The study was performed with 278 patients of whom 213 were women, and 65 were men. Patient demographics were similar between the two groups. Comparison of the clinical characteristics of the study groups showed that the rate of admission to the intensive care unit (P=0.032), average duration of surgery (P

A166 CANNABIS USE IN CANADIAN INDIVIDUALS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE FOLLOWING LEGALIZATION OF CANNABIS

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are characterized by remitting and relapsing symptoms of abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, fatigue, and poor sleep. Most patients with IBD require chronic immunosuppressive therapy to maintain their disease in remission. Due to their disease chronicity, individuals often seek additional complementary or alternative medicines such as cannabis to treat their symptoms. Reports from the US show cannabis use in 12% of UC and 16% of CD patients. However, these numbers are likely underestimates given that cannabis remains illegal in many states. Aims The aim of our study is to evaluate the use of cannabis in a cohort of patients with IBD and to assess its association with IBD disease severity. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort survey of adult patients with IBD seen in tertiary care in London Health Sciences Centre. A 40-question online survey was completed by consenting patients and collected data on demographics, IBD disease history, cannabis use, and included the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) as a measure of disease severity. The study was approved by the Western University Ethics Committee. Statistical analyses was performed using a Chi squared test for categorical data, and a two-tailed t-test for continuous data. Results Completed surveys were obtained from 210 individuals (135 individuals with CD and 75 with UC) and demographics were similar between the CD and UC cohort. Fifty-six percent of participants reported cannabis use at least once in their lifetime, with 38% of participants reporting cannabis use in the preceding 6 months. Interestingly, 46 percent of life-time cannabis users did not divulge their cannabis use to their physicians. In patients with UC, those who actively used cannabis were less likely to be on 5-ASA therapy (9 active users vs 22 non-users, p<0.05). Medical therapy was otherwise similar between cannabis users and non-users. Surgical rates were similar between cannabis users and non-users amongst both IBD subtypes. With respect to the burden of disease, patients with CD reported higher rates of abdominal pain if they were active users, however, overall SIBDQ scores were not altered by cannabis use (21 user vs 20 non-user). Similarly, SIBDQ scores were similar amongst patients with UC who were cannabis users and non-users (20 user vs 16 non-user). Conclusions Cannabis use in patients with IBD is very common and much higher than previously reported prior to the legalization in Canada, but its use is not associated with lower disease severity based on patient reported outcomes. Our study also reveals that patients often do not report this use to their doctors so physicians must be aware of its prevalence amongst their IBD patient population. Funding Agencies None

Feminist Ethics in Universities: How to Make Timely Decisions that Represent Community Values

Abstract: In practical terms, decisions on various academic matters in universities are complex and reflective of the views held by those in positions of power. For a more egalitarian view derived from a feminist perspective, this paper proposes an alternative form of decision-making. An underlying moral code and its corresponding decisions influence policies and the broad spectrum of educational futures in universities. According to Walker (2007), theoretical-juridical models, which have dominated ethical understandings, assume a prevailing moral code that embodies universal ethical principles and applies to all people in every jurisdiction at all times. By contrast, embodied perspectives that recognize the relationality of networked participation enliven Walker’s expressive-collaborative model (ECM) through moral conversations and negotiations among moral agents who are members of that specific community. The authors cite the #femedtech networked participatory community as an embodiment of feminist values that the ECM proposes and describe #femedtech’s value activity and code of conduct generation activity. This paper applies feminist ethics to ameliorate universities’ policy-making process. The paper builds the case for university community values to guide university decisions and advocates strategic trust as an essential criterion to uphold communal values. Finally, the paper concludes with practical propositions that reflect a commitment to democratic, deliberated, and inspiring process-based decision-making responsive to a diverse community’s moral lives and ethical needs.