Essential Plants Research Articles

Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase is required to establish a functional cytochrome b6f complex.

Arabidopsis uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPP) is an essential enzyme and plants lacking this enzyme are strongly compromised in chloroplast function. Our analysis of UPP amiRNA mutants has confirmed that this vital function is crucial to establish a fully functional photosynthesis as the RIESKE iron sulfur protein (PetC) is almost absent, leading to a block in photosynthetic electron transport. Interestingly, this function appears to be unrelated to nucleotide homeostasis since nucleotide levels were not altered in the studied mutants. Transcriptomics and proteomic analysis showed that protein homeostasis but not gene expression is most likely responsible for this observation and high light provoked an upregulation of protease levels, including thylakoid filamentation temperature-sensitive 1, 5 (FtsH), caseinolytic protease proteolytic subunit 1 (ClpP1), and processing peptidases, as well as components of the chloroplast protein import machinery in UPP amiRNA lines. Strongly reduced PetC amounts were not only detected by immunoblot from mature plants but in addition in a de-etiolation experiment with young seedlings and are causing reduced high light-induced non-photochemical quenching Φ(NPQ) but increased unregulated energy dissipation Φ(NO). This impaired photosynthesis results in an inability to induce flavonoid biosynthesis. In addition, the levels of the osmoprotectants raffinose, proline, and fumarate were found to be reduced. In sum, our work suggests that UPP assists in stabilization PetC during import, processing or targeting to the thylakoid membrane, or protects it against proteolytic degradation.

Transcriptome Mining, Identification and In silico Characterization of Thaumatin-Like Protein Sequences from Mentha Longifolia

Background: Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) constitute the PR-5 family of plant pathogenesis- related (PR) proteins and are responsible for host defense and various growth and development- related processes. Mints (Mentha sp.) are essential oil-bearing plants, mainly affected by water availability and fungal pathogens. Objective: Identification of candidate TLPs in Mentha longifolia that may help to counter pathogen infection Methods: Several bioinformatics procedures were used to identify TLP gene sequences from M. longifolia and to characterize them for nucleotide length and composition, their translated proteins, subcellular location, signal peptides, post translational modifications, allergenicity potential, evolutionary relatedness, and miRNA targeting. Result: 19 TLP candidates were identified in M. longifolia (Mlo_TLP001 - Mlo_TLP0019) annotating the available transcriptome data. The molecular mass of Mlo_TLPs ranged between 35.43 kDa - 12.79 kDa. Expression analysis of the Mlo_TLPs revealed that Mlo_TLP003, 006, 008, 010, 012, 013, 014, and 018 were upregulated in M. longifolia stem as compared to the root under control conditions. Further, the analysis of control and V. dahliae infected M. longifolia plants has shown Mlo_TLP006 to be upregulated in both the infected stem and root tissues as compared to the control. Conclusion: Mlo_TLP006 is a probable candidate that imparts resistance to fungal pathogens in Mentha longifolia

Higher phosphorus and water use efficiencies and leaf stoichiometry contribute to legume success in drylands

Abstract Legumes are essential plants in dryland ecosystems worldwide because they increase nitrogen availability, so their understanding is vital for improving knowledge and modelling in the face of climate change. This work studies the differences in resource use efficiency and their relationship with photosynthetic, photochemical, bioelemental, and stoichiometric traits of coexistent legumes and non‐legumes in a Sonoran Desert ecosystem. We found that legumes had higher photosynthetic rates, intrinsic and seasonal water use efficiency (WUE), phosphorus use efficiency (PPUE), and higher light utilisation mediated by chlorophyll content and active reaction centers, which may increase their photoprotection. Legumes can increase their WUE and PPUE with no changes in nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE). Consequently, observed trait relationships between studied traits in these legumes have significant differences with the non‐legume species in the study. Stoichiometry is helpful, in some cases, as an indicator of nutrient use efficiency and enables functional group differentiation. Our results strongly relate legumes' higher resource use efficiency with their success in dryland ecosystems. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

The effect of Jordanian essential oil from coriander seeds on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulatory activities using RAW 246.7 murine macrophages.

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is a member of the Umbelliferae/Apiaceae family and one of the well-known essential oil-containing plants, in which the seeds are used in traditional medicine, and as flavoring in food preparation. Knowing the diverse chemical components of different parts of the plant, this work aims to investigate the antioxidant, the anti-inflammatory, and the immunostimulatory modulator effects of the Jordanian C. sativum's seed extracted essential oil (JCEO). Coriander oil extract was prepared by hydro-distillation method using the Clevenger apparatus. Different concentrations of coriander oil were examined by using DPPH radical scavenging assay, MTT assay, pro-inflammatory cytokine (Tumor Necrosis Factor-TNF-alpha) production in RAW264.7 murine macrophages in addition, scratch-wound assessment, NO level examination, Th1/Th2 assay, phagocytosis assay, and fluorescence imaging using DAPI stain were conducted. JCEO had a potential metabolic enhancer effect at a concentration of 0.3 mg/mL on cell viability with anti-inflammatory activities via increasing cytokines like IL-10, IL-4, and limiting NO, INF-γ, and TNF-α release into cell supernatant. Antioxidant activity was seen significantly at higher concentrations of JCEO reaching 98.7% when using 100mg/mL and minimally reaching 50% at 12.5mg/mL of the essential oil. Treated macrophages were able to attain full scratch closure after 48-hrs at concentrations below 0.3mg/mL. The seed-extracted JCEO showed significant free radical scavenging activity even at lower dilutions. It also significantly induced an anti-inflammatory effect via an increase in the release of cytokines but reduced the LPS-induced NO and TNF-α production at 0.16-0.3mg/mL. In summary, coriander essential oil demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulatory effects, showcasing its therapeutic potential at specific concentrations. The findings underscore its safety and metabolic enhancement properties, emphasizing its promising role in promoting cellular health.

History of studying essential oil crops

The article provides a historical overview of the formation and development of the essential oil industry. The main attention is paid to the history of scientific research of essential oil and medicinal plants. Our ancestors may have instinctively selected certain herbs for healing, just as sick animals today seek out plants they wouldn't normally eat. Based on an analysis of the current state, the need has been determined and the priority tasks have been formed for a full-scale revival of essential oil production in the Russian Federation.The problem tatement: in the republics of the former USSR, a number of essential oil plants were cultivated: coriander, lavender, essential oil rose, sage and others. In the 1970-80s the area of cultivation of essential oil plants exceeded 200 thousand hectares. At the same time, the demand for essential oils and other essential oil products was not fully satisfied. With the collapse of the USSR, the essential oil industry declined. The growing areas for most of the essential oil crops ended up on the territory of the newly formed independent states. The cultivation and processing of essential oils in Russia decreased significantly.The goal of the research is substantiation and acquisition of knowledge about the history of emergence and development of essential oil plants, herbal medicine, active substances as a tool for developing a common problem and combining the scientific, industrial and innovative potential of all interested parties.The research methods used are source study, historical-typological and biographical methods. The research results: the opportunity to gain new knowledge about the history of the origin and distribution of essential oil plants, and the creation of a huge food base for animals and people.

Analysis of the essential oils in leaves and rhizomes with roots of angelica Archangelica growing in Ukraine

Essential oils, comprised of volatile compounds, have a wide range of biological effects, making them valuable in medicine, industry, and agriculture. They exhibit properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, and smooth muscle relaxation. In this aspect, plants belonging to the genus Angelica show promise. One of these essential oil plants is Angelica archangelica. There is insufficient information in the literature on the essential oils of the leaves and rhizomes with roots of Angelica archangelica. The aim. The aim of our study was to identify and determine the quantitative content of essential oils by GC/MS method in Angelica archangelica leaves and rhizomes with roots grown in Ukraine. Materials and methods. The determination of the essential oils composition of Angelica archangelica was conducted using Agilent Technologies 6890 chromatograph with mass spectrometric detector 5973 (Agilent Technologies, USA). Results. The leaves of Angelica archangelica were found to contain twenty-three components in their essential oil, while the rhizomes and roots of this plant contained fifteen components. Eleven components were common to both parts of the plant, namely cis-Pinane, α-Farnesene, α-Curcumene, α-Caryophyllene, Copaen, β-Bisabolene, δ-Amorphene, α-Muurolene, trans-Chrysanthemal, β-Guaiene, α-Elemene. Twelve components such as α-Pinene, β-Myrcene, 3-p-Menthene, Isoborneol, Anisole, Bornyl acetate, (Z)-β-Elemene, Caryophyllene, (-)-Spathulenol, α-Bergamotene, γ-Muurolene, α-Bisabolol were present only in leaves, and four components namely p-Isopropenylacetophenone, β-Cubebene, α-Zingiberene, Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone were present only in rhizomes with roots. Conclusions. The component composition of the essential oil in the leaves and the rhizomes with roots of Angelica archangelica growing in Ukraine was investigated using the GS/MC method. We have defined for the first time the chemical composition of the essential oils of the leaves of Angelica archangelica, 23 components of essential oil were identified. In the rhizomes with roots, 15 components of essential oils were identified. The following pharmacologically important components, cis-Pinane and α-Farnesene, were found in both samples of the essential oil of Angelica archangelica in significant quantities. These results have been cross-analyzed and are particularly important for planning and defining the process of cultivation and use of this species plant in traditional and official medicine

Arundo/Phragmites: Identification and Uses of Essential Plants in Mediterranean Civilizations

Arundo/Phragmites: Identification and Uses of Essential Plants in Mediterranean Civilizations

Chemical composition and biological activity of essential oil from anise hyssop

Anise hyssop (Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze) is a perennial plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family mainly used in folk medicine to treat various ailments. This study determined the chemical composition of the essential oil and evaluated its antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The essential oil was obtained from plants cultivated in the experimental field at the Institute of Roses, Essential and Medical Plants, Kazanlak, Bulgaria. The plants were processed by steam distillation, with the essential oil yielding 0.37%, and its main components being methyl chavicol (82.03%) and limonene (9.90%). The most potent antimicrobial action was observed against the gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (25.7 mm inhibition zone) and Bacillus cereus (12.3 mm), the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (16.3 mm) and Candida albicans (16.5 mm). The remaining gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis), gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella ebony), and fungi (Aspergillus brasiliensis and Fusarium moniliforme) were resistant to the action of the essential oil. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was ABTS (32.36 µmol TE/mL), DPPH (21.61 µmol TE/mL), CUPRAC (19.94 µmol TE/mL), and FRAP (29.56 µmol TE/mL) in vitro. Overall, the results from this study revealed the biological potential of anise hyssop as a source in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic applications.

Quality and Establishment of Some Water-Conserving Turfgrass Species for Sustainable Development and Some Ecosystem Services in Arid Urban Environments

Turfgrasses are essential landscape plants with social, environmental, and aesthetic services for urban ecosystems. However, more is needed to know how to establish them so that they can benefit from their ecosystem services in urban environments. This research examined some quality and morphological and physiological factors for the establishment and social and environmental service assessment of three warm-season turfgrasses, including Kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum), bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), and buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides), compared to the cool-season grass of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). The experiment was split-plot in time, based on a randomized complete block design with eight replications. The main plot was the season with four levels, and the subplot was the four turfgrass species types. The results indicated that seasons and turfgrass types and their interaction significantly impacted most measured variables (p ≤ 0.01). Some quality measurements like turf density, color, texture, coverage, and quality after clipping and establishment confirmed the superiority of Buchloe dactyloides over the other species. Also, kikuyu grass showed higher turfgrass density, more potential for weed control, and higher coverage and growth rate but also showed invasiveness features. Tall fescue had the lowest visual aesthetic compared with the other turfgrass species. Warm-season turfgrasses adaptable to the ecology of the region should be used compared to tall fescue to achieve better turfgrass quality and social and ecosystem services for the sustainable development of arid urban environments.

Solanum aculeatissimum and Solanum torvum chloroplast genome sequences: a comparative analysis with other Solanum chloroplast genomes

BackgroundSolanum aculeatissimum and Solanum torvum belong to the Solanum species, and they are essential plants known for their high resistance to diseases and adverse conditions. They are frequently used as rootstocks for grafting and are often crossbred with other Solanum species to leverage their resistance traits. However, the phylogenetic relationship between S. aculeatissimum and S. torvum within the Solanum genus remains unclear. Therefore, this paper aims to sequence the complete chloroplast genomes of S. aculeatissimum and S. torvum and analyze them in comparison with 29 other previously published chloroplast genomes of Solanum species.ResultsWe observed that the chloroplast genomes of S. aculeatissimum and S. torvum possess typical tetrameric structures, consisting of one Large Single Copy (LSC) region, two reverse-symmetric Inverted Repeats (IRs), and one Small Single Copy (SSC) region. The total length of these chloroplast genomes ranged from 154,942 to 156,004 bp, with minimal variation. The highest GC content was found in the IR region, while the lowest was in the SSC region. Regarding gene content, the total number of chloroplast genes and CDS genes remained relatively consistent, ranging from 128 to 134 and 83 to 91, respectively. Nevertheless, there was notable variability in the number of tRNA genes and rRNAs. Relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) analysis revealed that both S. aculeatissimum and S. torvum preferred codons that utilized A and U bases. Analysis of the IR boundary regions indicated that contraction and expansion primarily occurred at the junction between SSC and IR regions. Nucleotide polymorphism analysis and structural variation analysis demonstrated that chloroplast variation in Solanum species mainly occurred in the LSC and SSC regions. Repeat sequence analysis revealed that A/T was the most frequent base pair in simple repeat sequences (SSR), while Palindromic and Forward repeats were more common in long sequence repeats (LSR), with Reverse and Complement repeats being less frequent. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that S. aculeatissimum and S. torvum belonged to the same meristem and were more closely related to Cultivated Eggplant.ConclusionThese findings enhance our comprehension of chloroplast genomes within the Solanum genus, offering valuable insights for plant classification, evolutionary studies, and potential molecular markers for species identification.

DESA BOJONG MURNI, MERAIH ASA MELALUI HARUMNYA MINYAK ATSIRI

The Sadar Tani Muda Forest Farmer Group is engaged in trigona honey bee cultivation and agriculture, especially seasonal crops in the form of vegetable commodities and essential oil source plants, namely nutmeg, cloves, ginger, and citronella commodities. The problem is the unavailability of essential oil processing technology to process the harvest of residents, how to manage the management of the distillation business and marketing of essential oils. The purpose of the Village Innovation Ambassador Programme is to introduce essential oil distillation technology, provide guidance on farm business management for cultivating and processing essential oils, find marketing links for the essential oils produced, and support the MBKM Campus Merdeka Belajar programme, especially KPI 2 = Students get off-campus experience, KPI 3 = Lecturers have off-campus activities, and KPI 5 = Lecturers' work results are used by the community. The method of implementing community service uses several methods, namely socialisation, counseling, training, coaching and mentoring to the young farmer conscious forest farmer group of Bojong Murni Village, Ciawi-Bogor Regency. The results of community service activities are in the form of increased knowledge and information about essential oil distillation in the Young Farmer Conscious Forest Farmer Group and increased awareness so that they can prepare themselves for the establishment of home industry scale essential oil distillation in the following year.

THE STUDY OF THE BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF EXTRACTS OBTAINED FROM SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS WITH THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF EKP

In this study, the antioxidant properties of extracts, the total content of phenols and flavonoids were studied from some essential oil medicinal plants growing on the territory of East Kazakhstan region, in particular yarrow (Latin Achillea) and wormwood (Latin Artemisia). Three solvents, distilled water, acetone and ethanol were used in the research work. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by dpph, ABTS, β-carotene/linoleic acid and phenolic, flavonoid compounds. The results related to the applied methods and solvents (polar, apolar) were obtained. For example, the ABTS cationic radical removal method showed that the highest antioxidant activity in both plant types was demonstrated by the same acetone solvent (Achillea 344.11 and 0.06 mg/ml, Artemisia 198.26 and 0.07 mg/ml). DPPH showed the strongest effect of radical removal in distilled aqueous solvent (Achillea 245.82±1.59 mg/ml, Artemisia 300.53±1.18 mg/ml) in both species using the method of determining the activity of free radical removal. In addition, when studying total phenol, flavonoid compounds, the total amount of phenols in various solvent extracts obtained from Achillea ranged from 0.13 mg/ml from 59.71 to 0.13 mg/ml from 96.16 to 0.21 mg/ml, and the amount of flavonoids ranged from 0.11 mg/ml from 38.22 to 86.65 from 1.17 mg/ml. While the phenol content in Artemisia extracts ranged from 40.75 mg/ml to 113.56 mg/ml to 0.91 mg/ml, the flavanoid content ranged from 22.74 mg/ml to 74.94 mg/ml to 1.97 mg/ml.

Minyak Atsiri Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle): Diisolasi dengan Dua Metode Berbeda, Kualitas dan Aktivitas Antibakterinya

Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle is one of the world trades essential oil plants. The high selling value of citronella oil is determined by the characteristics of its physical and chemical properties. In this study, determined the physical and chemical properties of citronellal oil isolated by two different methods, namely method of laboratory distillation (M1) and local community distillation (M2). The result showed that the essential oil produce from both methods match with SNI 06-3953-1995 on its physical properties. The results of the chemical composition using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) indicated there are 38 and 48 compounds in the essential oil of M1 and M2, respectively with the main compositions are citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol. The antibacterial activity evaluated using the disc diffusion method showed inhibitory ability against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, but no inhibitory ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Both, these M1 and M2 essential oils are categorized as a very strong antibacterial at concentration of 3.125% and 50%, respectively.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Nano Liquid Aromaterapi bagi Kader PKK Desa Wajok Hilir di Kabupaten Mempawah

So far, essential oils have only been used as perfume and sold as raw material. On average, residents of Wajok Hilir village have yards covered with essential oil-producing plants such as lavender, lemongrass, and coconut. The aim of the PKM Program is training in utilizing community resources to make essential oils for aromatherapy in nano-liquid preparations. The development of this product must be oriented towards developing a practice that is easy to apply and environmentally friendly without ignoring environmental health. The solution to overcome existing problems is to provide knowledge to partners about the benefits of nano liquid preparations as aromatherapy and mosquito repellent and training on using essential oils as aromatherapy. Pharmacists provided training on making "nano liquid" products. This training activity will involve PKK cadres from Wajok Hilir village. The output target of this activity is to increase the level of quality empowerment of partners by driving sustainable activity programs from product results. This service activity showed that the 31 participants comprised the majority of women and homemakers, 77.4% with a high school education level. The results of measuring participants' knowledge and skills showed an increase in the pre-test and post-test scores, which were 55.5 and 78.33, respectively. In conclusion, the service activities that have been carried out have increased the knowledge and abilities of participants regarding the use of essential oils as aromatherapy in the form of nano-liquid preparations.

THE ROLE OF SOLAR AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY IN DIRECTING OF THE BIOECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, CONSERVATION AND USE OF ESSENTIAL OIL PLANTS

The main purpose of the research is to study the role of solar and alternativ energu in the direction of bioecelogical characteristics, protection and usage of essential oil plants. The huge food and technical importance of oil and essential plants are given in the article. The vegetable oils obtained from them are used in the food industry, in baking, in the preparation of various preserves, confectionery, margarines and oils, and from essential oils in the field of medicine, in the perfumery and cosmetics industry, etc. widely used. At the same time, it is used in the production of linoleum and stearic acids, lacquer-paint, weaving, soap-making, leather tanning, etc. these oils are used in industries. Oil crops include sunflower, soybean, sesame, groundnut (araxis), safflower, castor, poppy, white mustard, blue mustard, winter and spring rape, oilseed rape, lallemantia, perilla (sudza), oil tulip, radish, flax, etc. includes plant species. Among the vegetable oils produced for edible oil on a global scale, the first place is soybean, the second place is sunflower, and then peanut, cotton, rapeseed, olive, sesame, corn and safflower oils. Most essential oils are found in free form in plants. Their amount in different types of plants varies greatly, from 0.001% to 22%. There may be a type of plant in which the amount and composition of the essential oil is negligible. This may mainly depend on the cultivated region, the age of the plant, the phase of development and other conditions. It has been determined that plants accumulate more essential oil in dry and hot weather than in cold and humid conditions. The amount of essential oil in the plant is greater during the flowering and ripening period. A group of plants cultivated to produce essential oil are called essential oil plants. They contain volatile aromatic substances with different chemical composition. The amount of these oils in the seeds, flowers, leaves, branches and other organs of the plant varies depending on cultivation technology and soil-climate conditions. Essential oil plants include coriander, mint, cumin, basil, cloves, myrtle, etc. belong to plants. Essential oils are widely used in the food, medicine and perfume-cosmetics industry. The waste obtained after the processing of fruits and seeds is used as feed in livestock and poultry farming. Solar energy from alternative energy sources is used in many countries of the world. In the process, solar energy is converted into useful energy and replaced by other forms of energy, such as biomass, wind or hydropower, and "drives" the weather on Earth. Most of the solar radiation is absorbed by the oceans and seas, as a result of which their water heats up, evaporates and falls to the Earth in the form of rain, "feeding" hydroelectric power plants. Solar energy affects to the plants mainle the essentional oil plants, either. Most plants admit solar energy during the drying or feeding process. Thus, we considered both the essential oil plants, especially the flax plant, and learned the advantages and disadvantages of alternative energy. We came to the conclusion that alternative energy has a role in the process of cultivation and protection of essential oil plants. Approaches and results can be different in the analysis of positive and negative sides in the fast developing era. Keywords: essential oil, plants, solar energy, ecology, industry, flax, linseed

ADVANCEMENTS IN GENOMIC TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR IMPACT ON CROP IMPROVEMENT AND BREEDING METHODS

Recent advances in genome sequencing of essential crop plants allow genotype and phenotype data integration in crop development. Advanced statistical methods identified quantitative trait genes. Genomic prediction has been used successfully in breeding animals and is now also used in breeding plants. Biometric statistics, genome-wide markers, and phenotyping enhance gene discovery. This makes biotechnology agricultural plant solutions possible. Improved fertilizer efficiency requires precise plant phenotyping in multiple habitats and seasons, which was previously expensive. DNA sequencing, genetic engineering, and PCR-based marker-assisted selection have made it cheaper. New methods like next-generation sequencing can target climate-responsive crop development. It examines Oryza sativa L. flower opening and closing molecularly and hybrid breeding success in diverse plant types. It discusses CRISPR/Cas9 for crop trait improvement and metabolic studies for Triticum aestivum L. quality group determination. Genetic analysis should use species-specific techniques, according to the study. A Zea mays L. callus induction and growth study examined how media and growth conditions affect callus development. Another drought-stressed Triticum aestivum L. cultivar gene expression study suggests employing RNA editing to respond to environmental stress. PCR-based markers have helped scientists find important genes in landraces that have changed to survive harsh farming conditions, giving them targets for crop growth.

Antibacterial Activity of Malaleuca Leucadendron Linn Essential Oil from North Central Timor Against Escherichia coli and Staphylococus Aureus

The eucalyptus plant (Melaleuca leucadendron Linn) is one of the essential oil production plants in the world. The plant has been widely used as an antiseptic and also for relieving colds, sore throat, and infections. This study aims to identify the whole essential oil compounds of this plant using GC-MS and test the antibacterial activity of the essential oil using the disc diffusion method. Based on the results of the GC-MS analysis of the essential oil content obtained by steam distillation and antibacterial test using discs diffusion method to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, yielded 81 compound peaks with antibacterial activity analysis results classified as relatively very strong at 5 different concentrations. The results of the best antibacterial activity test were indicated by the diameter of the inhibition zone 26.42 ± 0.97 mm for Escherichia coli while Staphylococcus aureus 23.43 ± 2.09 mm at a concentration of 100%. The study of antibacterial compounds based on the 81-peak GC-MS analysis found that 8 compounds have been reported as antibacterial. These compounds belong to the terpenes group with total percentages of eucalyptol 20.97 %, terpineol 11.74 %, β-pinene 6.24%, 3-carene 1.95%, caryophyllene 4.96 %, (z)-geraniol 0.10%, farnesol 0.10%, and eugenol 0.18% respectively

Compacted crops of medicinal and essential oil crops

The characteristics of the growth and development of medicinal and essential oil plants in mono and compacted crops in open ground were studied. Compacted cropping involves the joint cultivation of two (binary) or more crops in one field. Compared to monospecies crops, this method effectively solves the problems of increasing productivity and plant resistance to stress. Purpose of the work: to establish the allelopathic effect of medicinal and essential oil plants in dense sowing. The experimental methodology included the joint cultivation in open ground of medicinal main crops - spearmint (Menthaspicata L.), lemon balm (Melissaofficinalis L.), garden strawberry (Fragariachiloensis L.), and calendula officinalis (Calendulaofficinalis L.) were chosen as complementary crops.), dill (Anethumgraveolens L.). Compacted crops significantly reduce the intensity of transpiration and stomatal conductivity of the main crops. The intensity of photosynthesis largely depends on the species characteristics of the plants, so strawberry plants in binary crops increased photosynthetic activity, while mint and lemon balm on the contrary, they increased the intensity of photosynthesis during monospecies cultivation. According to the results of the studies, the inhibitory effect of calendula officinalis plants in binary crops with lemon balm, spearmint, and garden strawberries was established. At the same time, the use of dill in binary crops increases the yield of spearmint and lemon balm.

Effect of essential oils, medicinal plants, bio agents and chemicals on sheath rot incidence and yield of rice

Effect of essential oils, medicinal plants, bio agents and chemicals on sheath rot incidence and yield of rice

Essential Oil Plants Traditionally Used in Wound Treatment: Systematic Review

Essential Oil Plants Traditionally Used in Wound Treatment: Systematic Review