ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module Research Articles

IoT Based Advanced Cardiac Arrest Detection System

Internet of Things (IoT) based Advanced cardiac Arrest Detection system have an expansive potential of becoming an integral part of the future medical system. In particular, these systems can play life-saving roles for monitoring of patients with critical health issues. Any health care monitoring system must be free from incorrect data, which may arise because of instrument failure or communication errors. In this project, to detect reliability and accuracy of data obtained by the IoT-based remote health monitoring. This project makes a use of MAX30100 (heartbeat & oxygen), ESP8266 Wi-Fi module and Arduino nano. The main controlling device of the project is Arduino nano microcontroller. Arduino will continuously read the heartbeat and spo2 value through MAX30100 sensor and will be sent to the blynk mobile application through esp8266 Wi-Fi module. User can access this device using smart mobile from anywhere in the world. To achieve this task microcontroller loaded program written in embedded C language.

Bus Tracking System With IoT Integration

The rapid advancement in Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has paved the way for innovative solutions in public transportation systems. This paper presents the development and implementation of a Bus Tracking System with IoT Integration aimed at enhancing the efficiency and reliability of public bus services. The proposed system leverages GPS and GSM/GPRS technologies to provide tracking and monitoring of buses, ensuring accurate and timely updates to passengers and transportation authorities. The system architecture comprises a NodeMCU microcontroller equipped with ESP8266 Wi-Fi module interfaced with GPS and various sensors to collect and transmit data. The collected data includes the bus's current location, speed, number of stops, and occupancy levels, which are then sent to a central server via HTTP protocols. The server processes this data and updates a web-based application accessible to passengers and administrators, providing them with real-time bus locations and estimated arrival times.

Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Pendeteksi Golongan Darah Dan Rhesus Berbasis Internet Of Things

The rapid advancement of technology in today's world has led to significant progress in various aspects of human life, including healthcare. Nowadays, numerous advanced medical devices are being created to facilitate healthcare services. Health is a crucial element in human life, which is why regular monitoring through laboratory tests is essential. Blood type and Rh factor are critical pieces of information in the medical field, especially for blood transfusions and specific medical treatments. However, determining a person's blood type still relies on manual methods, requiring experienced professionals and a considerable amount of time to analyze blood samples. To address this challenge, an Internet of Things (IoT)-based blood type and Rh factor detection device is being developed.The main objective of this research is to design and implement an efficient, fast, and user-friendly device for detecting blood type and Rh factor using IoT technology. Furthermore, this device aims to simplify data storage after conducting a large number of blood type checks, eliminating the need for repeated testing. The creation of this blood type and Rh factor detection device requires several components, including the WiFi module ESP8266, Arduino Uno, and a light sensor built with LDR components. The results will be displayed on a 16x2 LCD and the data obtained from the testing process will be sent to a designated web page. This data will be stored in a MySQL database and subsequently presented on a website.

Live Data Monitoring in Industry

Abstract: In contemporary industrial environments, real-time monitoring of critical parameters is vital for ensuring safety, efficiency, and compliance with regulations. This thesis details the development and implementation of an advanced live data monitoring system designed to track temperature, humidity, fire presence, and oxygen levels. Key components of the system include a DHT sensor for temperature and humidity measurement, a fire sensor for fire detection, an oxygen sensor for monitoring atmospheric oxygen, and a buzzer for immediate auditory fire alerts. Central to the system is the ESP8266 WiFi module, which facilitates the wireless transmission of sensor data to ThingSpeak, a cloud-based data collection and visualization platform. This setup allows for continuous, remote monitoring of environmental conditions, providing critical insights and alerts to industrial operators. The project delves into the hardware configuration, sensor calibration, data acquisition processes, and wireless communication protocols essential for effective real-time monitoring. It also addresses the challenges of integrating multiple sensors and ensuring reliable data transmission in an industrial setting. The results demonstrate the system's capability to provide accurate, timely data, enhancing safety protocols and operational efficiency. By utilizing IoT technology, the proposed system offers a scalable solution for industrial environments aiming to implement advanced monitoring and alert systems. This work contributes to the field of industrial automation by illustrating a practical application of IoT in improving monitoring and safety measures, highlighting both the technical achievements and practical implications of the implemented system.

Smart Medicine Remainder Box for Elderly People with IoT

This project focuses on developing a Smart Medicine Reminder Box for elderly people, leveraging IoT technology to enhance medication adherence. The system utilizes an Arduino AT Mega microcontroller to gather data from various sensors. An IR sensor is employed to detect the presence of medicine in the compartments, ensuring accurate monitoring of medicine intake. To provide timely reminders, a Real-Time Clock (RTC) module is integrated, triggering a buzzer alert when it is time for medication. The ESP8266 Wi-Fi module connects to the Blynk platform, sending alert notifications to caregivers or family members via a smartphone app. Additionally, a GSM module is included to make call alerts, ensuring critical reminders are not missed. This multi-faceted alert system is designed to support elderly individuals in maintaining their medication schedules, thereby improving health outcomes, and reducing the risk of missed doses

DESIGN OF SECLUDED ENERGY METER FOR TAMPERING AND UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS DETECTION IN SMART GRID

This paper deals with an energy metering system for electricity monitoring for each and every household that is different from the conventional energy meter. This proposed design is meant to be a better alternative for an efficient and more secure line for energy usage by the consumer without any illegal access to their connections so that they don’t have to pay for something they aren’t accountable for in the first place and protect the supplier/provider, which is the government, from incurring any losses from the theft as well as from customers who tamper with the meter values. These things are vital in today’s world. So,we are taking this into account and designing a smart meter with the IoT technology for monitoring data values at the tip of our fingers, readily available at any moment. It serves many purposes, from the monitoring of energy consumption to easily using mobile phones to work on managing the energy usage according to their budget. It is also easy for the supplier to monitor without manually inspecting the location. The WiFi module ESP8266 is used for the purpose of transmitting the energy data to the server. This paper also deals with a smart grid system in which energy meters are used as a two-way communication system as opposed to conventional meters with one-way communication, which will be a more efficient system. This IoT is good in terms of its development towards an easy and advanced metering infrastructure, which also needs secure communication between the supplier and consumer to protect that data.

IOT Based dumpster monitoring system

As the globe moves closer to a digital era, technology is being used more wisely to bring about breakthroughs and improve human lifestyles. It's like rowing a boat without a paddle if you don't incorporate these technology improvements into your current lifestyle. The main goal is for smart sensors to work together without the need for human intervention to create a new class of applications. The use of a smart bin is an unavoidable part of this procedure. The goal of this project is to create a smart dustbin utilising an esp8266 wi Fi module with two primary pins attached to the sensor: the trigger pin and the echo pin. It helps to keep the environment clean while also reducing the need for human labour. When the smart bin detects the level of thrash. This is due to the ultrasonic sensor, which is located on bottom of the lid. When the trash exceeds the set threshold value, the information is sent to another node, which is a Nodemcu, and this node, using socket programming, shows exact location and status of a dustbin with a colour code. Keywords:- Blyank,Ulatr, Ultrasonic Sensor, ESP 8266

IoT Empowered Harvest: Advancing NFT Hydroponics with Smart Agricultural Automation

For every nation, farmers play the most essential role and that is to feed the population. In the urban areas there is lack of open green space for farming and even if the land is available it is infertile for plants to grow on them. Problems faced in urban areas farms are due to the toxic elements let in the soil. The sources of toxic metals and effluents in urban soils are mainly from emissions from industries, automobiles, industrial as well as domestic sewage. In urban areas, people are busy in their work which leads them to buy pesticide and chemically treated food which in injurious to health and they are unable to grow organic vegetable at home due to deficit of space, time and un-fertile soil.
 Hydroponics is the method of cultivating plants without soil. Water with oxygen and required minerals acts as the cultivation medthod. Smart Hydroponic Farming using the NFT Method helps the farmer to stay connected to their farm anytime and anywhere. This hydroponic system requires special attention to several parameters such as the water temperature, water level, acidity (pH), and the concentration of the nutrient (EC/PPM). We first monitor and collect information from NFT Hydroponic farmer and then systematically evaluate and analyze them. Unfortunately, it is still controlled by using the conventional way (human), for example in controlling the concentrations of nutrient has to be done at least once a day, so much time is wasted. In addressing these issues, we need a system that can be applied and used easily.
 We built a hydroponic monitoring and automation system that can monitored using sensors connected to the Arduino Uno microcontrollerm, Wi-Fi module ESP8266 and Raspberry Pi 2 Model B microcomputers as the webserver with the concept Internet of Things, in which each block hydroponic farming can communicate with the webserver (broker). Web used as the interface of the system that allows user to monitor and control the NFT hydroponic farming. The NFT hydroponic web interface management systems using a responsive web framework, such as Bootstrap for the front-end, JQuery and JavaScript libraries. The result shows that this system helps farmers to increase the effectivity and efficiency on monitoring and controlling NFT Hydroponic Farm.

A Compact Multifunctional Power Electronic Interface for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using IoT

Abstract: The main objective of this endeavor is to construct a hybrid electric vehicle that recharges its battery using a range of electrical energy sources, such as solar, wind, and dynamo power using multifunctional power electronic sources. These are the forms of renewable energy that regenerate more quickly than they exhaust. Voltage sensors are attached to the PIC microcontroller, battery, solar panel, wind turbine, and dynamo in order to measure voltages. This measured voltage will be displayed on an LCD, and embedded C language will be used to upload the values, along with the date and time using ESP8266 WIFI-Module, to the THINGSPEAK cloud. This project's primary goals are to use rechargeable batteries to store source energy from solar, wind and dynamo power in an electric vehicle (EV) while using THINGSPEAK to monitor and record data, and update the LCD display with measured voltages

Innovation in Smart Fencing with Internet of Things (IoT) Technology for Ease of Use

The fence is a structure that is deliberately designed to limit or protect the house. The fence serves to provide protection or block views so that the house becomes safer. It is usually pushed manually by hand to open and close the fence. This is considered very inconvenient and time-consuming. This problem underlies the idea of creating an automatic fence opening and closing system using a smartphone by utilizing Internet of Things (IoT) technology in order to facilitate human work to open and close the fence. A smartphone is used as a NodeMCU controller contained in the ESP8266 WiFi module via an internet connection to connect to the Android Studio application. To move the fence using an electric motor as the driving force which is connected directly to NodeMCU. When the fence opens and closes, the relay will regulate and activate to give orders to the electric motor to move the fence. The fence will stop when the switch opens and the switch close responds, the motor will stop moving. Realtime data results are stored in Firebase and the results of this design are expected that all components are connected properly so that automatic fences can be used.

Real-Time Air Density Measurement with IoT Integration

This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based air density measurement system that integrates BMP180 and DHT22 sensors with an Arduino Uno microcontroller and ESP8266 Wi-Fi module. The system measures temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure to calculate air density in real-time, displaying the results on an LCD screen and transmitting the data to a smartphone app (Blynk) for remote monitoring. The goal of this research is to create a reliable, automated system capable of providing continuous air density measurements without the need for manual intervention. To evaluate the system’s accuracy, data were collected and compared with reference values from the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) for August 2023. The comparison revealed that the system produced air density measurements with an average error of less than 0.2%, demonstrating its high level of accuracy and reliability. The system is particularly suited for laboratory environments, where real-time and accurate air density measurements are essential. The use of IoT technology allows for remote data access and continuous monitoring, making the system convenient for various applications, including environmental monitoring and industrial settings where air density plays a crucial role. Future improvements could include sensor calibration enhancements and the integration of additional environmental parameters, such as CO2 levels or particulate matter, to broaden the system’s functionality. Overall, the IoT-based air density measurement system offers a cost-effective and scalable solution for real-time environmental data monitoring.

Otomatisasi Sistem Bagasi Terminal Internasional Di Bandar Udara Jenderal Ahmad Yani Semarang

The increasing number of flights proves that the public believes air transportation is one of the most desirable. Of course, the operation of the claim baggage conveyor will increase along with the number of existing passenger luggage. For this reason, the operation of the baggage claim conveyor needs to be done with the help of technology. This research was conducted to assist the work of airline porters, including time and energy efficiency through technology. This tool uses the Arduino Uno microcontroller as the program processing centre. This system will work when the Infrared sensor detects baggage after an x-ray, so the conveyor will be activated automatically. After the conveyor runs, another Infrared sensor will see the baggage on the conveyor. The conveyor will stop automatically when the Infrared sensor does not detect any baggage for a particular time. This tool is equipped with a Push Button so that the baggage claim conveyor can be operated manually and an LCD to explain the instrument's condition and the amount of baggage available. The amount of luggage can be monitored periodically via a smartphone using the ESP8266 WiFi module.

Thermal Power Plant Pollution Monitoring and Control using Internet of Things

In our day-to-day life, environmental degradation and global warming are essential factors to consider. These problems were caused due to the contamination of water, air, and soil with the waste generated by industries. The pollutants level generated by the industries to be measured and controlled by central and state pollution control board. The air pollutants are the major cause for the deterioration. The existing pollutant monitoring system are complicated, inaccurate, unreliable, delayed intimation and less efficient. Hence in mettur thermal power plant, the internet of things-based pollutant gas monitoring system has been implemented. This system consists of numerous gas sensors, Arduino UNO controller, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, ubidots server and alarm. The pollutants measured are carbon monoxide (CO), suspended particulate matters (SPM), sulphur oxides (Sox), nitrogen oxides (Nox) in air. When the pollutants level of industry is crossed the limit, the pollution control board has been intimated the exact location of the industry through internet. The pollution control board can automatically send alert SMS and email to the respective industry. This system is suitable for the recent technology industrial internet of things. The electrostatic precipitator has been installed for pollutant control. It is proved that the proposed system is a very good replacement for the conventional monitoring system done by the human. It is acted as user friendly interface for the operation of the system and is reliable. The system has attained improved pollutant control, increased stability, and consistency of the power plant and finally the safety of the employees working in the power plants and mine areas.

Forest Monitoring and Fire Detection System

Forest fires/Wildfires are the most common disaster in forests which lead to severe destruction of forest wealth, natural habitat and bio-diversity. Our concept is to create a system which will help in early detection of forest fire by measuring natural factors which lead to forest fire. Our Forest Monitoring and Fire Detection System uses various sensors like heat, smoke, wind, temperature and humidity to predict and detect forest fire on an early basis. The sensors are connected to Esp8266 wi-fi module which after detecting sends data to cloud. The cloud then sends the data to the website. The website displays an alert so that immediate action can be taken. Early detection and preventive measures are necessary to protect forests from fires which will be done using this system.

IoT based sensor enabled vehicle parking system

Along with the development of society and the country, the development of cities also occurs. People use technology to facilitate the work of the community. Some of them are the Internet of Things (IoT). This technical concept solves some of the issues like traffic system, parking lots, and operating electronic devices at home when the user is away. The Internet of things provides wireless access to this system and allows users to maintain one-track parking space availability in the crowded area and on the busy lanes, with the increase in Vehicle population, road congestion in big cities is one of the major consequences. The system majorly focuses on the concept of a parking space detection mechanism that uses sensors in combination with the use of Internet of Things. i.e., it sends parking status to the internet web page. This allows users to see which parking spaces are free and where to park. This is achieved by sending the sensor's data to an IoT platform via the ESP8266 WiFi module, which displays data using HTTP. These types of systems make the user find parking slots easier than creating a mess this process saves the user time as well as improves the easy being by tracking the charges of the vehicle.

An Ankle Joint Flexion and Extension Movement-Monitoring Device Based on Pressure Sensors.

Ankle joint flexion and extension movements play an important role in the rehabilitation training of patients who have been injured or bedridden for a long time before and after surgery. Accurately guiding patients to perform ankle flexion and extension movements can significantly reduce deep vein thromboembolism. Currently, most ankle rehabilitation devices focus on assisting patients with ankle flexion and extension movements, and there is a lack of devices for effectively monitoring these movements. In this study, we designed an ankle joint flexion and extension movement-monitoring device based on a pressure sensor. It was composed of an STM32 microcontroller, a pressure sensor, an HX711A/D conversion chip, and an ESP8266 WiFi communication module. The value of the force and the effective number of ankle joint flexion and extension movements were obtained. An experimental device was designed to verify the accuracy of the system. The maximum average error was 0.068 N; the maximum average relative error was 1.7%; the maximum mean-squared error was 0.00464 N. The results indicated that the monitoring device had a high accuracy and could effectively monitor the force of ankle flexion and extension movements, ultimately ensuring that the patient could effectively monitor and grasp the active ankle pump movement.

Three-Level Car Security System with GPS Tracker Using IoT

Nowadays, car theft is common and because of that, there is a need to invest on a car security system. Hence, this work focusses on developing a Three-level car security system with GPS Tracker using IoT. Arduino Mega 2560 module act as a microcontroller for RC522 RFID module and R307 fingerprint scanner module which is for the first and second level security. A 4×3 matrix keypad and NEO-6M GPS are integrated with the NodeMCU ESP8266 Wi-Fi module for the security and GPS tracking system. The car security system consists of three level security which are RFID tag, fingerprint scanner and keypad password. Upon entering the car, the owner has to tag the RFID before scanning the fingerprint and entering the password. The owner is given three chances to enter the password or else, the GPS tracking is activated. In worst case scenario, the thief might enter the car by force and steal the car. In this case, the owner shall receive a notification via text message on Blynk application and email for second notification. Furthermore, the location of the car can also be obtained from the NEO-6M GPS tracking system which is linked to the Blynk application on the owner’s mobile phone. The Blynk application shall display the location of the car on Google maps together with its latitude and longitude. It is shown from this work that the car security system provides a sufficient level of security to avoid car theft. In addition, the GPS tracking system is able to detect the location of the car which is displayed on the Blynk application installed in car owner’s mobile phone.

Smart Agricultural Monitoring System using IoT Application for Chili Plants

The use of IoT applications for agricultural in Malaysia is still low. The farmers are mainly using the traditional method compared to modern agriculture by using advanced technology system like IoT application. However, the use of traditional agriculture requires a lot of work and use of labour. This will result their agricultural system become less efficient and quality of production becoming low. Thus, development of system for monitoring and automation are needed to help farmers to manage their agriculture. This paper focused on development of smart agriculture for monitoring and automation system on chili plants using IoT application. The system is developed using Arduino as microcontroller, soil moisture sensor, DHT11 sensor (temperature and humidity), ultrasonic sensor, servo motor, water pump and ESP8266 (Wi-Fi Module). The Wi-Fi module provides internet access to the local network which allows the system to connect to the system and the mobile phone. Soil moisture sensor used to measure the moisture of soil content. DHT11 sensor was used to measure the temperature and humidity of surrounding area of plants. Ultrasonic sensor was used to measure the height of plants. Servo motor is controlled by automation system via Remote XY Apps to provide the fertilizer to the plants. The water pump also can be controlled by the Remote XY apps as to water the plants. Then, data that was collected from the sensors was sent to user via Remote XY apps where user can control the system that is to turn on the servo motor and water pump to fertilize and water to the plants. Therefore, this system can help farmers to manage their agriculture efficiently and improve their quality and quantity of crops.

Monitoring Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya Berbasis Arduino dengan Media Telegram

The implementation of monitoring the performance parameters of the PLTS system in several regions is still done manually so that the data obtained is also limited. In this study the PLTS monitoring system is based on Arduino Uno so that monitoring on PLTS can be monitored with telegram media. The monitoring system has two inputs, namely for PV and for the battery. To monitor the value of the electrical energy parameter, the INA219 sensor is used. The sensor reading results are displayed on the 16x2 LCD and mobile phone by sending the "STATUS" message command to the ESP8266 wifi module. Retrieval of current and voltage data on INA219 sensor readings and standard measuring instruments is carried out every 5 minutes. The system can monitor via an Android smartphone using Telegram. The test results show that the Telegram application can display and monitor photovoltaic and batteries in real time. The average error during sensor monitoring at photovoltaic output is 0.16% for voltage and 1.25% for current. The sensor reading results have an average error when charging the battery of 1.36% for voltage and 2.04% for current. The characteristics of the results of this measurement meet the requirements of IEC standard no. 13B-23.

PROTOTYPE OTOMATIS SISTEM MONITORING PEMELIHARAAN TOKEK GURUN BERBASIS IoT PADA PLATFORM THINGSPEAK MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA C4.5

The Leopard Gecko is a reptilian species that thrives in desert regions with a humidity level of around 60%. Native to Pakistan, this exotic reptile captivates many reptile enthusiasts due to its unique skin color and pattern, aligning with its name. However, there are challenges in the care of Leopard Geckos, particularly among novice reptile enthusiasts who may lack comprehensive knowledge of proper care. This lack of knowledge can lead to issues such as tail dropping and illness, sometimes resulting in fatalities.
 To ensure the well-being of Leopard Geckos in captivity, it is crucial to create an environment that mimics their natural habitat, preventing severe issues such as tail loss, damaged skin, or even death. To address these concerns, an Internet of Things (IoT)-based System for Monitoring the Care of Leopard Geckos is developed, employing the C4.5 algorithm and the Thingspeak platform. The hardware used includes Arduino Uno, DHT11 sensor, LDR sensor, Ultrasonic sensor, Servo Motor, and ESP8266 Wifi Module.
 The research findings indicate that if the temperature exceeds 32°C and humidity drops below 60%, the lamp turns off, and the mist maker activates. Conversely, if the temperature falls below 32°C and humidity surpasses 60%, the lamp turns on, and the mist maker deactivates.