Eskisehir Osmangazi University Research Articles

Assessing the change in the epidemiology of seasonal respiratory viruses with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background. Respiratory tract infections are among the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in children worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the distribution of seasonal respiratory viruses as in all areas of life. In this study, we have aimed to evaluate the changes in the rates of seasonal respiratory viruses with the onset of the pandemic.Methods. This study included patients who were admitted to the Pediatrics Clinic of Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine Hospital between December 2018 and February 2022 with respiratory tract infections and in whom pathogens were detected from nasopharyngeal swab samples analysed by multiplex PCR method.Results. A total of 833 respiratory tract pathogens were detected in 684 cases consisting of male (55.3 %), and female (44.7 %), patients with a total mean age of 42 months. Single pathogen was revealed in 550, and multiple pathogens in 134 cases. Intensive care was needed in 14 % of the cases. Most frequently influenza A/B, rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were detected during the pre-pandemic period, while rhinovirus, RSV, and adenovirus were observed during the lockdown period. In the post-lockdown period, the incidence rates of rhinovirus, RSV, human bocavirus (HboV) (12 %), influenza virus infections increased, and patients with RSV and bocavirus infections required intensive care hospitalization.Conclusion. It is thought that the COVID-9 pandemic lockdown measures may have an impact on the distribution of seasonal respiratory viruses, especially RSV and influenza. Current, prospective and large case series regarding the mechanism of action and dynamics are needed.

Investigation of genes and miRNAs associated with scarless healing in orbital adipose‐derived and limbal‐derived mesenchymal stem cells treated with vitamin C

Aims/Purpose: In this study we aimed to investigate miRNAs associated with scarless wound healing in limbal‐derived stomal‐mesenchymal stem cells (hLMSC) and orbital adipose tissue‐derived stem cells (hOA‐MSC) treated individually with vitamin C and exosomes obtained after vitamin C treatment.Methods: Isolation and characterization of hLMSCs and hOA‐MSCs were performed. MTT assay was employed to determine the ideal non‐cytotoxic and proliferative concentration of vitamin C (vit C). The selected concentration was applied to the cell culture medium of hLMSCs and hOA‐MSCs (vit C‐treated) followed by procurement of secreted exosomes (vit C‐exo) and their characterization. These exosomes were then used to enrich cell culture media of naïve hLMSCs and hOA‐MSCs. miR29, miR107, miR155, and miR543 miRNAs and Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGFβ1), TGFβ3 were analysed by Real‐Time PCR in both vit C treated and vit C‐exo‐treated cells.Results: Vit C‐exo and vit C‐treated hLMSCs demonstrated slight reductions in TGFβ1 and TGFβ3 expressions compared to controls. In contrast, a modest increase in TGFβ1 and TGFβ3 levels was noted in hOA‐MSCs after vit‐C and vit C‐exo treatment. After vit C‐exo application, expression of miR155 and miR107 increased in hLMSCs and decreased in hOA‐MSCs. An opposite trend was observed with miR543 expression with an increase in hOA‐MSCs and a decrease in hLMSCs. miR29 associated with fibrosis was dramatically increased in hOA‐MSCs, but not in hLMSCs.Conclusions: In conclusion, we show that miRNA and RNA contents of treated mesenchymal stem cells may vary depending on the origin of tissue. These results suggest that vitamin C could promote a relatively more pronounced anti‐fibrotic character in hOA‐MSCs.The authors acknowledge the support from Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Scientific Research Projects (ESOGU‐BAP Grant ID: TOA‐2022‐2458).

Effect of melatonin‐induced exosomes on proregenerative and antifibrotic pathways involved in corneal scarring

Aims/Purpose: Melatonin is a time‐and‐concentration dependent pro and antiinflammatory agent that also regulates cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, fibrosis, and extracellular matrix synthesis. This study aims to assess the effect of exosomes obtained from melatonin‐treated human limbal mesenchymal stem cells (hLMSCs) on naive hLMSCs and ascertain their influence on antifibrotic and proregenerative pathways involved in corneal scarring.Methods: hLMSCs were harvested from the eye bank of Eskişehir Osmangazi University Hospital and were subsequently isolated and characterized. We then treated hLMSCs (Mel‐treated hLMSCs) with varying concentrations of melatonin followed by isolation and characterization of the procured exosomes. These exosomes were added to enrich cell culture media of naïve hLMSCs (Mel‐exo‐treated hLMSCs) to examine their antifibrotic and proregenerative effects. The expression of miR155, miR29 Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGFβ1), TGFβ3, Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ), and Alpha‐Smooth Muscle Actin (α‐SMA) miRNA and genes were compared between Mel‐treated hLMSCs and Mel‐exo‐treated hLMSCs by using Real‐Time PCR.Results: TGFβ3 expression increased dramatically in response to Mel‐exo, while the increase in TGFβ1 expression was only minimal in correlation with levels of miR155 expression. Likewise, PPARγ expression was increased while an inhibition was observed in α‐SMA expression and miR29 expression in Mel‐exo‐treated hLMSCs compared to Mel‐treated hLMSCs.Conclusions: Melatonin treatment of hLMSCs resulted in expression of exosomes that could drive naïve hLMSCs in favour of antifibrotic and proregenerative effects as evidenced by higher TGFβ3 and PPARγ expressions and inhibition of α‐SMA. This approach could prove beneficial in cornea and ocular surface tissue engineering applications.The authors acknowledge the support from Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Scientific Research Projects (Grant ID: TOA‐2022‐2458).

INFLUENCE OF BACTERIA AND CHICKEN MANURE ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

The effects of chicken manure and different bacteria applications on yield and yield components of beans were investigated in present study. The field experiment was conducted during the 2019 and 2020 at the experimental area of the Faculty of Agriculture, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. Chicken manure (chicken manure + and chicken manure -) were main plots and bacteria applications (control; traditional; rhizobia; bontera; traditional + rhizobia; traditional + bontera; rhizobia + bontera; traditional + rhizobia + bontera) were sub-plots. All of the investigated characters were higher in second year than first year except for harvest index and hundred kernel weight due to especially June precipitation in second year. Application of chicken manure positively affected important yield components, chlorophyll content and yield. In general, the application of bacteria alone or together has positively affected yield and yield components. The highest yield was obtained from traditional+rhizobia+bontera application. Consequently; it was determined that the efficiency of bacteria increased with the application of chicken manure and positive results were obtained in yield and yield components of beans.

Association between Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine and myocardial infarction: clinical and angiographic insights.

With the widespread administration of the BioNTech mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine, there is a need to evaluate its potential effects on cardiovascular health, particularly its association with myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between BioNTech vaccination and MI, as well as its impact on clinical and angiographic parameters. A retrospective analysis was conducted at the Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir City Hospital, between April 2020 and May 2023 on a cohort of 1 151 patients hospitalised with MI. The patients were stratified into a BioNTech+ (vaccinated) and a BioNTech- (unvaccinated) groups. Medical records were reviewed for demographic information, clinical data and angiographic findings. Statistical analyses were performed, including logistic regression models adjusting for potential confounders. The BioNTech- group had a higher mean number of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty procedures and stents compared to the BioNTech+ group. Haematological parameters and lipid profiles showed some discrepancies between the two groups. The BioNTech- group had higher white blood cell and platelet counts, while also exhibiting a higher mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. The prevalence of co-morbidities and cardiovascular risk factors differed between the groups. This study found associations between the BioNTech vaccination and clinical and angiographic parameters in patients with MI.

Reviewer Acknowledgements for World Journal of English Language, Vol. 13, No. 4

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 13, Number 4Acep Unang Rahayu, Poltekpar NHI Bandung, IndonesiaAtyaf Hasan Ibrahim, University of Diyala, IraqAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptFatma Abusrewel, The University of Tripoli, LibyaFridrik Dulaj, University Fehmi Agani Gjakova, AlbaniaJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, PhilippinesKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaMaria Isabel Maldonado Garcia, University of the Punjab, PakistanMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqMusa Saleh, Qimam Al-Ulum Institute for Languages, Saudi ArabiaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaOmsalma Ahmed, University of Hail, Saudi ArabiaÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Turkey

PTEN gen polimorfizmleri, protein seviyeleri ve endometrium kanseri ilişkisi: Hastane bazlı vaka-kontrol çalışması

Association of PTEN Gene Polymorphisms, Protein Levels and Endometrial Cancer: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study 
 
 Emine Yagci1, Hikmet Melike Ozturk1, Tufan Oge2, Cansu Ozbayer3, Hulyam Kurt1
 0000-0003-2179-1318, 0000-0002-1951-9713,0000-0002-1120-1874, 0000-0003-2433-9925
 
 1Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Eskisehir, Turkey.
 2 Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology, Eskisehir, Turkey.
 3 Kutahya Health Sciences University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Kutahya, Turkey.
 
 Corresponding Author: Emine Yagci, Telephone: +90 (222) 2392979/4598, e-mail adress: eminetsci@gmail.com
 Abstract
 Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the inner lining of the uterus, called the endometrium. After breast, lung, and colon cancer, endometrial cancer is the most prevalent malignancy of the female genital system in industrialized nations like North America and Europe.
 Phosphatase and Tensin homolog (PTEN), deleted on chromosome 10, is a tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 10q23.31, which encodes a 403 amino acid protein with both lipid and protein phosphatase activities. One of the most common genetic abnormalities identified in human malignancies are somatic mutations in the PTEN gene. The tumor suppressor activity of the PTEN enzyme is reduced or completely lost as a result of PTEN gene mutations. Considering this information, it is thought that PTEN gene polymorphisms may be associated with the pathogenesis of the disease. The purpose of our study is to determine the relationship between functional PTEN polymorphisms IVS4 (–/+) and -9 C/G and endometrial cancer.
 DNAs belonging to 63 endometrial cancer patients and 63 control individuals were genotyped by PCR-RFLP method for 2 genetic variants of PTEN IVS4 (–/+) and -9 C/G gene. The expression level of PTEN protein was measured by the Elisa method from serum samples. Our results were evaluated with appropriate statistical methods.
 As a result of our study, no statistically significant difference was found in the risk of endometrial cancer and genotype frequencies of –9 C/G and IVS4 (-/+) variants (p> 0.05). It was detected that the serum level of PTEN lessened significantly in patients with endometrial cancer in comparison to the control (p

Unexpected Severe Bocavirus Infections among Hospitalized Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract Objective Acute respiratory tract infections are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children. Although human bocavirus (HBoV) infections are not as common as other seasonal respiratory viruses, children who are infected with HBoV are more likely to suffer from a variety of respiratory conditions, including the common cold, acute otitis media, asthma exacerbations, bronchiolitis pneumonia, some of the affected children require pediatric intensive care unit stay. Here, we aimed to evaluate pediatric bocavirus (HBoV) cases presenting with severe respiratory tract symptoms during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods This retrospective study evaluated the medical records of children diagnosed with respiratory infections, followed up at the Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University between September 2021 and March 2022. In this study, patients with HBoV identified using nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were considered positive. Cases were analyzed retrospectively for their clinical characteristics. Results This study included 54 children (29 girls and 25 boys) with HBoV in nasopharyngeal PCR samples. The cases ranged in age from 1 month to 72 months (median 25 months). At the time of presentation, cough, fever, and respiratory distress were the most prevalent symptoms. Hyperinflation (48%), pneumonic consolidation (42%), and pneumothorax–pneumomediastinum (7%) were observed on the chest X-ray; 54% of the children required intensive care unit stay. The median length of hospitalization was 6 days. Bacterial coinfection was detected in 7 (17%) children, while HBoV and other viruses were present in 20 (37%) children; 57% of children received supplemental oxygen by mask, 24% high-flow nasal oxygen, 7% continuous positive airway pressure, and 9% invasive mechanical ventilation support. Antibiotics were given to 34 (63%) cases, and systemic steroid treatment was given to 41 (76%) cases. Chest tubes were inserted in three out of the four cases with pneumothorax–pneumomediastinum. All patients were recovered and were discharged from the hospital. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic changed the epidemiology of seasonal respiratory viruses and the clinical course of the diseases. Although it usually causes mild symptoms, severe respiratory symptoms can lead to life-threatening illnesses requiring intensive care admission.

Reviewer Acknowledgements for World Journal of English Language, Vol. 13, No. 1

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 13, Number 1Abdulfattah Omar, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaAissa HANIFI, University of Chlef, AlgeriaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAmelia Maria Cava, Università di Napoli Suor Orsola Benincasa, ItalyAmer M Th Ahmed, Dhofar University, OmanAna Maria Costa Lopes, Higher School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, PortugalAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptBelén Labrador de la Cruz, University of León, SpainDaniel Ginting, Universitas Ma Chung, IndonesiaDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanHANY ALI MAHMOUD ABDELFATTAH, Minia University, EgyptHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen, IndonesiaIryna Lenchuk, Dhofar University, OmanJoohoon Kang, Hanyang University, South KoreaKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKaya özçelik, Atılım University, TurkeyL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USAMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMorteza Amirsheibani, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqNing Li, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University (GDPU), ChinaNitin Malhotra, Gobindgarh Public College, IndiaÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Foreign Languages Department, TurkeyRashad Al Areqi, Al Baha University, KSAŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninShalini Yadav, Compucom Institute of Technology and Management, IndiaValeria Silva de Oliveira, Marinha do Brasil, Brazil

Nitrogen Inhibators and Rhizobia Can Improve Yield and Yield Components in Bean

The aim of this study is investigation of the effects of rhizobia and different nitrogen fertilizer types and doses on yield and some yield components for bean. The field experiment was conducted during the 2017 and 2018 at the experimental area of the Faculty of Agriculture, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey. The experiments were laid out as a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement and replicated four times per treatment. In this study, rhizobia and non-rhizobia were investigated at different nitrogen fertilizer types and doses (control, 25 kg ha-1 AS, 25 kg ha-1 DMPP, 50 kg ha-1 AS and 50 kg ha-1 DMPP). Bean varieties Goynuk-98 was used research material. The effects of year were significantly for all of the investigated characters but differences between the rhizobia and nitrogen fertilization were significant were all of the investigated characters except for plant emergence number. All of the investigated characters were higher in first year than second year due to climatic conditions. Rhizobia inoculation was increased yield and yield components. 50 kg ha-1 DMPP nitrogen fertilization types and doses were provided highest values for investigated characters and grain yield. Inoculation with rhizobia and 50 kg ha-1 DMPP application can be recommended for beans in Eskişehir conditions.

Role of hyponatremia in differentiating complicated appendicitis from uncomplicated appendicitis: a comparative study.

Some studies suggest that serum sodium level may decrease at a greater degree in complicated acute appendicitis (CA) because of the increased severity of inflammation. This study aimed to determine the predictive value of some inflammatory markers and hyponatremia in differentiating CA from uncomplicated acute appendicitis (UCA). In this retrospective cohort study, the data of patients who underwent urgent appendectomy in Department of General Surgery, Eskisehir Osmangazi University from January 01, 2016 to January 01, 2021, were analyzed. Patients were divided according to appendicitis type, UCA and CA. In this study, 10.2% (n = 79) of 772 acute appendicitis cases were CA. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that high age (p = 0.001), male sex (p = 0.014), high leukocyte count (p = 0.045), low lymphocyte count (p = 0.023) and hyponatremia (p <0.001) were independently associated with CA. Patients with hyponatremia (sodium level ≤134 mEq/L) had 3.050-fold higher risk for CA than patients with normal sodium level (odds ratio: 3.050, 95% confidence interval: 1.668-5.576). The results of the ROC analysis performed to assess the role of sodium level in detecting CA showed a sensitivity of 27.8% and a specificity of 92.1% (cut-off: 133.5 meq/L) (p = 0.001; area under the curve: 0.612 [0.539-0.684]). Clinicians should be aware of the higher likelihood of CA occurrence in patients with appendicitis in whom hyponatremia, leukocytosis, or lymphopenia is detected in the laboratory examination.

PO33 Presentation Time: 10:30 AM: Testing the Usability of the Vaginal Speculum Tongue Made of Polyetheretherketone Material in Brachytherapy by Dosimetry Method

<h3>Purpose</h3> In the tandem + ovoid brachytherapy application, during the metallic speculum removing process after the vaginal packaging process, the positions of the sponges may change due to the spoon-shaped structure of the speculum, and this situation may cause not desired efficiency from the packaging process. In this project, we aimed to 3D printing of vaginal speculum tongues from polyetheretherketone (PEEK) material and make the dosimetric evaluation to assess usability during packing in gynecologic brachytherapy. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> In this study, we designed a modular structure in which the upper and lower tongue can be easily separated from the handle similarly to the metallic vaginal speculum we use in our routine practice with no requirement to remove the speculum tongues from the patient after packaging. The tongues of the designed speculum were produced with PEEK material with a layer thickness of 200 microns using a 3D printer (Intamsys Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China). To evaluate the radiation permeability of the produced speculum tongues, a phantom containing water was designed to perform dosimetric studies and 2 different dosimetric methods were used such as the treatment planning system (TPS) and Radiochromic Film Dosimeter system (Gafchromic: EBT3). TG43 and ACUROS BV algorithms are used as TPS. Prescribed dose (3 Gy) at the surface of phantom (side with the speculum) was calculated for a single source Dwell position in TPS using with ACUROS BV algorithm. The irradiation time was 631.1 seconds for both algorithms. The activity of the radioactive source was 11,086 Ci. The measured values that were obtained from the same points with different techniques were recorded and relations with each other were evaluated by using the Pearson Correlation test. In each measurement method, dose values were recorded in 4 different directions such as right (with no speculum), left (with speculum), up, and down. Dose-distance graphs were created for each direction from these values, and no break in the curve was detected on the side of the speculum tongue in phantom. This work was supported by Eskisehir Osmangazi University Scientific Research Projects Unit as project number TSA-2021-2143. <h3>Results</h3> The measurement values obtained from two different TPS algorithms and the film dosimetry method are given in Figure 1, and no significant difference was found in the statistical evaluation. The values obtained by using different methods show parallelism with each other, and no breakage was detected due to the speculum tongue. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In conclusion, all values obtained from TPS and radiochromic film dosimetry were parallel to each other. When the dose values at the same points and dose-distributions were evaluated, we concluded the speculum tongues we produced from PEEK did not have any negative effect on the dose distribution. However, this proposition needs to be supported by making more measurements with different dosimetry methods.

Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy After Cytoreductive Surgery; Experience and Short Term Outcomes

Purpose: Cytoreductive surgery + hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is an important treatment option in patients with primary diagnosis of colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, appendix cancer, gastric cancer (selected cases), malignant peritoneal mesothelioma and peritoneal pseudomyxoma in the presence of peritoneal involvement and resectable lesions limited to the abdomen. In this study, it is aimed to discuss cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC) in the light of literature. Patients and methods: The data of patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy between June 2017 and September 2020 at Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical Faculty Surgical Oncology and Gastroenterology Surgery Departments were analyzed. The study was designed retrospectively, and all patients who were discussed at the oncology council and decided on CRS + HIPEC were included in the study. Results: 31 patients were included in the study. Primary diagnoses of the patients were colorectal cancer in 15 (48%), ovarian cancer in 9 (29%), stomach cancer in 3 (10%), mesothelioma in 2 (7%), appendix cancer in 1 (3%), and also peritoneal pseudomyxoma in 1 (3%). Therapeutic HIPEC was performed in 30 patients, prophylactic HIPEC was performed in 1 patient. Cytoreduction score was 0 in all patients. The median peritoneal cancer index was 15 (7-29). the median number of resected organs was 3(1-6). Stoma formation was performed in 14 patients (45%). During the postoperative 30 days, mortality was observed in 1 patient (3%) and morbidity in 5 patients (16%). Conclusion: The early postoperative mortality and morbidity results which were reported in our study are compatible to those in the literature.

A deep-learning model for idiopathic osteosclerosis detection on dental panoramic radiographs

<h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of the study was to propose an automatic idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) detection model based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms in panoramic radiographs using GoogleNet Inception V2 architecture and assess the performance of the artificial intelligence (AI) model compared to the human observer. <h3>Study Design</h3> A total of 493 anonymized panoramic radiographs were used to develop the AI system (CranioCatch, Eskisehir-Turkey) for the detection of IOs. The panoramic radiographs were acquired from the Radiology Archive of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology of the Faculty of Dentistry of Eskisehir Osmangazi University. GoogleNet Inception V2 model implemented with TensorFlow library was used for the detection of IOs. A confusion matrix was used to predict model achievements. <h3>Results</h3> 50 IOs were detected by the AI model from the 52 test images, which had 57 IOs. The sensitivity, precision, and F-measure values were 0.88, 0.83, and 0.86, respectively. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Deep learning-based AI models have the potential to detect IOs accurately on panoramic radiographs. AI systems can be used to support clinicians for baseline diagnosis of panoramic radiographs and may eventually replace human observers' evaluation and support performance in the future. <b>Statement of Ethical Review</b> Human/Animal subjects were used and this study was approved by an institutional ethics panel

Ideas at the Basis of Development of Software for Specific Nuclear Reactor Safety and Design

Visual Slam-Based Mapping and Localization for Aerial Images by Onur Eker 1, Hakan Cevikalp 1,* , Hasan Saribas 3 1 Havelsan, Ankara, Turkey2 Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Machine Learning and Computer Vision Laboratory, Eskisehir, Turkey3 Eskisehir Technical University, Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Eskisehir, Turkey * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Journal of Engineering

Silencing of NILCO by Small Interfering RNA Effects MDR1 in Colon Cancer Cells

The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of silencing of NILCO by siRNA on the MDR1 gene, which plays a role in chemoresistance. Cells of the human colon cancer lines Caco‐2 and HT‐29 were cultured at 37˚C in DMEM supplemented with 5% FBS in a humid incubator with 5% CO2. Exponentially growing untreated Caco‐2 and HT‐29 cells were collected and plated (4 x 105/ well in 2 mL) 24 hours before transfection. Plated cells were treated with either double‐stranded siRNA targeting Notch1 mRNA, leptin mRNA, IL‐1 β mRNA, control siRNA, or Paclitaxel (PTX) alone, Notch1 siRNA+PTX, Leptin siRNA+PTX, IL‐1β siRNA+PTX. The siRNAs of Notch1, IL‐1β and Leptin, were applied to the cells at a final concentration of 30 nM, and the cells were transfected with siRNA for 48 hours. After transfection, 100 nM Paclitaxel chemotherapeutic agent for HT‐29 and 130 nM for Caco‐2 was applied to the cells. Cells were harvested for PCR analysis after treatment with PTX for 24 hours.According to our findings, MDR1 gene expression was significantly increased in the paclitaxel group compared to the control group (p&lt;0.05). Silencing of Notch, leptin and IL‐1β decreased MDR1 gene expression compared with the control group, but it was not statistically significant. (p&gt;0.05). However, our results indicated that Notch1 siRNA+PTX, IL‐1β siRNA+PTX and Leptin siRNA+PTX downregulated MDR gene expression in the Caco‐2 cell line compared with PTX alone treated group (p&lt;0.01). In addition, MDR1 gene expression levels were significantly decreased in the Leptin siRNA+PTX and IL‐1β siRNA+PTX groups compared with PTX alone group in the HT‐29 cell line, but the decrease in the Notch1 siRNA+PTX group was not statistically significant. (p&lt;0.01, p&lt;0.05, p&gt;0.05). In conclusion, knockdown of NILCO genes is effective in regulating MDR1 expression, which is a hallmark in chemoresistance.The present study was supported by Eskisehir Osmangazi University Scientific Research Projects (BAP) Coordination Unit (grant no. 202011D11).

Outcomes of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation of Oncologic Patients in Emergency Department.

To evaluate the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of oncological cases versus non-oncological admitted to the emergency department as out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) or in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). Descriptive study. Emergency Department (ED) of Eskisehir Osmangazi University Hospital, between January 2014 to January 2020. Victims over the age of 18 years who had OHCA and IHCA were inducted. The outcomes of 109 patients with an oncological diagnosis and 109 controls without cancer underwent CPR and were compared. The median age of the participants was 65 (58-76) years. Patients with an oncological diagnosis were more likely to have an IHCA [OR: 2.98 (95% CI: 1.68-5.30), p <0.001]. The IHCA and OHCA rates of patients without an oncological diagnosis were similar. Solid-organ malignancies were observed in 102 patients (93.6%). The initial rhythm of 88 patients (80.7%) in the oncological arrest group was asystole versus 77 patients (70.6%) in the control group. Pulseless electrical activity was observed in 17 patients (15.6%) in the study group and in 24 patients (22.0%) in the control group. Although the non-oncological group was found to have a longer stay. No statistically significant difference was found between the study and control groups regarding duration of stay in the intensive care unit. Only one patient (2.0%) with cancer was discharged in stable state as against 10 (21.3%) of non-oncological arrests [OR: 12.97 (95% CI: 1.59-105.93), p = 0.008]. The presence of cancer is not a favourable prognostic factor for the success of CPR. Oncology, Cardiac arrest, IHCA, OHCA, Emergency department.

ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF RISK PERCEPTIONS AND RELATED PARAMETERS FOR THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

INTRODUCTION: Assessment of risk perception in communities in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is essential for organizing effective interventions. The study aims to determine the level of COVID-19 risk perception and the factors associated with risk perception. METHODS: It is a cross-sectional study in which 452 participants, who were employees of Eskisehir Osmangazi University, were included between December-2020 and January-2021. The COVID-19 risk perception level was assessed with nine questions by modifying the COVID-19 Instant Monitoring Turkey protocol study questions. The prepared questionnaire included variables of sociodemographic characteristics, transmission risk status, preparedness, self-efficacy, compliance with protective behaviors, actionism(ineffective protection behavior), and confidence in information sources/tools. The 25th percentile and lower scores were evaluated as having low risk perception. The study data were evaluated with univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The participants had a mean age of 38.51±9.66 years (46.9% females, 53.1% males). The median COVID-19 risk perception score was 42(Interquartile range: 35-50). In this study, the low COVID-19 risk perception frequency was 26.3%. Being 40 years old and older (OR;%95CI: 1.76;1.12-2.76), the low level of compliance with protective behaviors (1.75;1.09-2.76) and low level of confidence in information sources/tools (2.37;1.49-3.78) were predictive for having a low level of risk perception of COVID-19. Those with a low COVID-19 risk perception were more likely to agree that the restrictions being applied were exaggerated (p=0.001). The most trusted sources of information about COVID-19 were the statements of health professionals and official institutions (p&amp;lt;0.001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: A low-level risk perception was detected in one out of every four people in the study group. COVID-19 risk perception of individuals should be monitored since it is related to many parameters in epidemic management.

Visual Slam-Based Mapping and Localization for Aerial Images

Visual Slam-Based Mapping and Localization for Aerial Images by Onur Eker 1 , Hakan Cevikalp 2,* and Hasan Saribas 3 1 Havelsan, Ankara, Turkey2 Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Machine Learning and Computer Vision Laboratory, Eskisehir, Turkey3 Eskisehir Technical University, Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Eskisehir, Turkey * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Journal of

A U-Net Approach to Apical Lesion Segmentation on Panoramic Radiographs

The purpose of the paper was the assessment of the success of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm formed on a deep-convolutional neural network (D-CNN) model for the segmentation of apical lesions on dental panoramic radiographs. A total of 470 anonymized panoramic radiographs were used to progress the D-CNN AI model based on the U-Net algorithm (CranioCatch, Eskisehir, Turkey) for the segmentation of apical lesions. The radiographs were obtained from the Radiology Archive of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology of the Faculty of Dentistry of Eskisehir Osmangazi University. A U-Net implemented with PyTorch model (version 1.4.0) was used for the segmentation of apical lesions. In the test data set, the AI model segmented 63 periapical lesions on 47 panoramic radiographs. The sensitivity, precision, and F1-score for segmentation of periapical lesions at 70% IoU values were 0.92, 0.84, and 0.88, respectively. AI systems have the potential to overcome clinical problems. AI may facilitate the assessment of periapical pathology based on panoramic radiographs.