Erythromycin Ointment Research Articles

Clinical observation of topical antipruritic spray acting on epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor in the treatment of dermatitis.

To observe the efficacy of topical antipruritic spray (TAS) in the treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase-related rashes, and to evaluate its efficacy and safety. 120 malignant tumor patients with confirmed pathological diagnosis and rash after EGFR application were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group of 60 cases and a control group of 60 cases. The 2 groups were intervened with self-made antipruritic spray and erythromycin ointment for 14 consecutive days. To observe the changes in rash, itching degree, and quality of life index of skin diseases in both groups of patients before and after treatment. The decrease in the number of itching cases in the experimental group reached 53.84%, and after 7 weeks of intervention, the total effective rate of rash treatment in this group of patients (91.67%) was significantly better than that in the control group (36.67%); The symptoms of the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) scale in the experimental group patient table after intervention showed significant changes compared to before intervention. After statistical testing, there was a significant difference between the groups and outside the group (R < 0.05). And the comprehensive effect of the experimental patients with external spray after 14 weeks of intervention reached 93.16%. The self-made antipruritic spray has significant effect on improving EGFR rash and itching, and there is no obvious adverse reaction.

Newborn medication adherence and childhood under-immunization in military beneficiaries.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends birth doses of vitamin K, erythromycin ointment, and the hepatitis B vaccine, but the relationship between birth medication administration and childhood immunization compliance is understudied. The objective of this study is to evaluate rates of newborn medication administration, and risk factors for refusal in military beneficiaries and determine the relationship between medication refusal and under-immunization at 15months. A retrospective chart review was completed for all term and late preterm infants born at Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2019. The electronic medical record was queried for birth medication administration, maternal age, active-duty status, rank, and birth order. Childhood immunization records were extracted for all patients who continued care at our facility. A patient was considered completely immunized if they had received at least 22 vaccines by 15months: three doses of the hepatitis B vaccine [PediarixTM], two doses of the rotavirus vaccine [RotarixTM], four doses of the DTAP vaccine [PediarixTM and Acel-ImmuneTM], three doses of Haemophilus influenza B vaccine [PedvaxhibTM], four doses of pneumococcal [Prevnar 13TM], three doses of IPV [PediarixTM], one dose of measles, mumps, and rubella [MMRTM], one dose of varicella [VarivaxTM] and one dose of hepatitis A vaccine [HarvixTM]. Seven thousand one hundred and forty infants were included; 99.3% received vitamin K, 98.8% received erythromycin ointment, and 93.8% received the hepatitis B vaccine. Refusal of the erythromycin ointment and hepatitis B vaccine was associated with older maternal age and higher birth order. Childhood immunization records were available for 607 infants; 7.2% (n=44) were under-immunized by 15months, with no infants being non-immunized. Refusal of the hepatitis B vaccine (RR: 2.9 (CI 1.16-7.31)) only at birth was associated with a higher risk of being under-immunized. Refusal of the hepatitis B vaccine in the nursery is associated with a risk of being under-immunized in childhood. Obstetric and pediatric providers should be aware of this association for appropriate family counseling.

Large Conjunctival Ulceration from Ocular Monkeypox

Figure Description: A 34-year-old transgender female with history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) presented to the emergency department with complaint of a painful rash. Vesiculopapular lesions were present on the hands, face, and genitals raising clinical suspicion for monkeypox. The lesions were positive for monkeypox (orthopoxvirus) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the patient's absolute CD4 count was 19 cells/uL. Tecovirimat was initiated for treatment of monkeypox as well as bictegravir-emtricitabine-tenofovir for newly diagnosed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Two weeks later, the patient developed left eye pain. External examination findings (Figure 1) revealed a healing pox lesion present on the glabella (panel A), the left eye had temporal conjunctival injection, engorgement of the episcleral vessels, and a raised papule (panel B) that was PCR-positive for monkeypox. Higher magnification revealed conjunctival ulceration (panel C) with an epithelial defect demonstrated by green fluorescein staining under a cobalt blue light (panel D). The patient was started on erythromycin ointment and the lesion subsequently healed over the course of three weeks. As our understanding of ocular monkeypox evolves, it is apparent that the manifestations can be quite variable, ranging from classic papulovesicular eyelid lesions, conjunctivitis, keratitis, and subconjunctival nodules which can ulcerate as observed in this patient. Acknowledgement This study was supported by NIH/NEI grants EY029395 and EY034114 awarded to Dr. Edgar M. Espana.

Pneumocephalus and Pneumomediastinum from Compressed Air Injury to Conjunctiva

A 30-year-old healthy man presented with bilateral eye swelling and chest and neck pain after compressed air gun injury to the right eye. He had normal ocular vitals with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 20/30 and intraocular pressure of 17 mmHg by tonometry. Anterior segment examination showed multiple conjunctival lacerations as the only point of entry and loculated subconjunctival emphysema (A). Fundus examination was unremarkable. Air presumably tracked through multiple structures leading to orbital emphysema, pneumocephalus (B), and subcutaneous emphysema causing pneumomediastinum extending to the diaphragm (C-D). He was given erythromycin ointment, ocular lubrication, and systemic antibiotics. At follow-up, BCVA was 20/20 with healed conjunctival abrasions and resolution of systemic sequela (Magnified version of Figure A-D is available online at www.aaojournal.org).

Effects of different eye protection methods during head and neck surgery under general anesthesia

Objective: To compare the protective effects of vitamin A eye gel combined with 3M transparent tape and erythromycin eye ointment combined with 3M transparent tape on the eye surface during head and neck surgery under general anesthesia. Methods: From June to December 2021, a total of 120 patients undergoing elective head and neck surgery under general anesthesia in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University were enrolled. Each participant was randomly received vitamin A eye gel (vitamin A eye, n=60) or erythromycin eye ointment (erythromycin eye, n=60), followed by 3M transparent tape on one eye, and taping 3M transparent tape alone for the other eye. The hand-held slit lamp examination was performed 3 times at before induction of anesthesia, after resuscitation in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) and 1 day after surgery. The primary outcome was corneal fluorescein sodium staining (CFS) score. Secondary outcomes included symptom assessment in dry eye (SANDE) questionnaire score, basic tear secretion test (Schirmer I test, SIt), break-up time (BUT) and incidence of adverse reactions. Results: Comparison within groups showed that CFS scores were significantly higher in vitamin A eyes and erythromycin eyes at PACU than before induction (P<0.05). Comparison between groups showed that CFS score at PACU in erythromycin eyes (0.62±0.16) was significantly higher than that in vitamin A eyes (0.13±0.01, P=0.007). Compared with before induction, SIt at PACU was significantly increased in the erythromycin eyes [(16.0±1.3) vs (11.4±4.9) mm, P=0.017],and was significantly decreased in vitamin A eyes [(10.2±3.6) vs (12.4±5.5) mm, P=0.046]. The BUT in PACU of erythromycin eyes, vitamin A eyes were (6.4±2.5) s, (6.8±2.1) s, respectively,and were significantly decreased compared with before induction (P<0.05). Comparison between groups showed that there was no significant difference in BUT and SANDE in PACU between two groups (P>0.05). For erythromycin eyes, discomfort symptoms in PACU included viscosity (66.7%, 40/60), conjunctival congestion (21.7%, 13/60), tingling (8.3%, 5/60), blurred vision (58.3%, 35/60). The incidence of these complications in vitamin A eye was 30.0% (18/60), 5.0% (3/60), 0 and 6.7% (4/60), respectively, and all the incidences were significantly higher than those of vitamin A eyes (all P<0.05). Conclusion: For patients undergoing head and neck surgery under general anesthesia, the combination of vitamin A ocular gel and 3M transparent tape is more effective in prevent postoperative ocular surface injury than the combination of erythromycin ointment and 3M transparent tape.

A Rare Cause of Fever in a Term Neonate.

A Rare Cause of Fever in a Term Neonate.

Clinical Observation of Recombinant Bovine Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor as an Adjuvant Therapy for Patients with Atrophic Acne Scar

Objective To study the influence of recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor as an adjuvant therapy on scar alleviation and inflammatory cytokines in patients with atrophic acne scar. Methods The random number table was employed to randomly assign 120 patients with atrophic acne scar into a test group and a control group.Both groups of patients were treated with CO2 lattice laser.After the operation,the control group was routinely smeared with erythromycin ointment and the test group was coated with recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor gel.The clinical efficacy,clinical indicators,scar alleviation,and inflammatory cytokine levels before and after treatment were compared,and adverse reactions were counted. Results The test group had higher total effective rate(P=0.040) and lower total incidence of adverse reactions(P=0.028) than the control group.Compared with the control group,the test group showcased short erythema duration after treatment(P=0.025),early scab forming(P=0.002),and early edema regression(P<0.001).After treatment,the proportion of grade 1 scars graded by Goodman and Baron's acne scar grading system in the test group and control group increased(P=0.001,P=0.027),and the proportion of grade 4 scars decreased(P<0.001,P=0.034).Moreover,the proportion of grade 1 scars in the test group was higher than that in the control group(P=0.031) after treatment,and the proportion of grade 4 scars presented an opposite trend(P=0.031).After treatment,the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in both groups declined(all P<0.001),and the test group had lower TNF-α and IL-1β levels than the control group(all P<0.001). Conclusion The recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor gel as an adjuvant therapy of CO2 lattice laser can effectively alleviate the atrophic acne scar,relieve local inflammatory reaction,and has good curative effect and less adverse reactions.

Screening for Gonococcal and Chlamydial Infections in the Third Trimester

To examine the incidence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis in the first and third trimesters of the prenatal population at a level 2 obstetrical center over a one-year period. The rationale for this study followed the Canadian Pediatric Society’s statement recommending against universal erythromycin ointment for newborns for neonatal ophthalmia prophylaxis.

The Efficacy of Kohl (Surma) and Erythromycin in Treatment of Blepharitis: An Open-Label Clinical Trial.

Introduction Blepharitis is a common and chronic form of eyelid inflammation. Blepharitis treatment aims to decrease symptoms through antibacterial effects. One of the most common treatments of eyelid diseases in traditional medicine is using kohl. This clinical trial aimed to investigate its efficacy as a complementary treatment in staphylococcal blepharitis through an open-label clinical trial. Materials and Methods Thirty patients were randomized to receive kohl in one eye contralateral and erythromycin ointment in another eye for 90 days. At baseline and after 90 days of treatment, symptoms, clinical signs, and side effects of treatments were recorded. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software, version 19. Results Despite randomization, there was a significant difference between the intervention and control eyes in the baseline mean clinical score (intervention eye: 9.86 (2.95) and control eye: 4.30 (2.81), P < 0.001). The degree of reduction of related signs and symptoms in the eyes treated with kohl was significantly higher than that in the control group: (5.2 vs. 2.20, P < 0.001) for symptoms and (7.40 vs. 2.46, P < 0.001) for clinical signs. Cohen's d statistic for mean difference of sign and symptom was 2.4 and 1.75, respectively, indicating a very strong effect. Conclusion The present study results demonstrated a significant improvement in blepharitis-related signs and symptoms. The degree of improvement in the eyes treated with kohl was much higher than that in the control eyes.

Spontaneous globe subluxation: a case report and review of the literature

BackgroundSpontaneous globe subluxation (SGS) is an atraumatic anterior dislocation of the eyeball. It is exceedingly rare. Understanding SGS predisposing factors may help uncover its etiology and undertake vision-saving management.Case presentationA 48-year-old female presented to the ED with her right eye out of its socket. She reported blurry vision, photophobia, and pain in the affected eye. She was unable to close her right eyelid and was in obvious distress. On arrival, her blood pressure was elevated. Her medical history was notable for hypertension and obesity. On physical examination, extraocular eye movements were not intact, and the globe appeared whole and round. She was also unable to count fingers with the affected eye. There was no visible trauma to the face. Multiple wet gauzes with sterile saline were placed over the displaced eyeball. Direct and even pressure was applied on the globe. Within 30 s, the globe was reduced back in. The patient was able to close her eyelids and reports substantial pain relief with reduction. A CT scan of the orbits was then obtained, demonstrating mild bilateral proptosis. The globes were normal and symmetric. No intraconal or extraconal abscess or infection was seen. There were no intraconal or extraconal masses. There was no acute orbital traumatic injury, no avulsion of the optic nerve, ocular rupture, or retrobulbar hematoma. After reviewing the case with an ophthalmologist, a follow-up appointment with the ophthalmologist was arranged. The patient was discharged on erythromycin ointment. Post-discharge investigation of the CT imaging revealed dilated optic nerve sheaths, tortuosity of the optic nerve, and empty sella.ConclusionsIn addition to causing distress and severe anxiety, SGS poses numerous immediate as well as long-term complications. Traction of the optic nerve and retinal vasculature may potentially cause retinal venous congestion and loss of visual acuity with potential vision loss. In the absence of known risk factors or disease processes, orbital imaging and serological studies for thyroid ophthalmopathy should be considered.

Corneal Ulcers with NOD2 Mutations Presenting with Mixed Syndromic Phenotype

ABSTRACT Purpose To report a case of corneal ulcers in a patient with NOD2 mutations unique to but phenotypically resembling well-characterized syndromic phenotypes like Blau syndrome. Observation A 25-year-old female with a medical history of type I diabetes mellitus, Asperger syndrome, and neuropathy presented with bilateral corneal ulcers. Her visual acuity was 20/200 OU. Macular edema was identified OS, and posterior synechiae OS suggested a history of anterior uveitis. Genetic testing confirmed NOD2 mutations, and her tear film was positive for matrix metallopeptidase 9. Recent intravenous immunoglobulin therapy improved her neuropathy, and an aggressive regimen of erythromycin ointment and lubrication has improved her ophthalmic symptoms. Conclusion and Importance This case advances our understanding of NOD2’s role in regulating inflammatory processes of the eye. In addition to precipitating uveitis, patients with these mutations may also be at increased risk of developing corneal pathology related to their reduced capacity to moderate inflammatory processes.

Risk of corneal epithelial defects with and without postoperative erythromycin ointment after laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)

Corneal epithelial defects occasionally occur following photocoagulation in infants. This study compared the incidence of corneal epithelial defects after laser treatment of ROP with and without the use of postoperative erythromycin ointment.

Suboptimal prenatal screening of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in a Montréal birthing and tertiary care centre: A retrospective cohort study.

The Canadian Paediatric Society no longer recommends the use of universal ocular prophylaxis with erythromycin ointment to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum. Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in all pregnant women is considered the most effective way of preventing vertical transmission and ophthalmia neonatorum. The aims of this study were to assess prenatal screening rates of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae and to compare sociodemographic factors between those screened and those not screened. The list of all women who delivered at a tertiary care hospital in Montréal, Québec, between April 2015 and March 2016, was cross-referenced with the list of samples tested for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae. Maternal medical records were reviewed for demographic, prenatal and diagnostic information. Of 2,688 mothers, 2,245 women were screened at least once, but only 2,206 women had at least one valid C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae result the day of delivery (82.1%; 95% CI: 80.6%-83.5%). Infection was detected in 46/2,206 (2.1%) screened women: 42 had C. trachomatis infection, two had N. gonorrhoeae infection and two were co-infected. C. trachomatis infection was more frequent in women younger than 25 years (9.8%; 95% CI: 6.7%-13.8%) than in older women (0.8%; 95% CI: 0.4%-1.3%; p<0.001). Each increase in parity decreased the probability of being tested (adjusted odds ratio=0.89; 95% CI: 0.80%-0.97%; p=0.01). Of those with an initial negative test result, 35/267 (13.1%; 95% CI: 9.3%-17.8%) of women younger than 25 years and 122/1,863 (6.6%; 95% CI: 5.5%-7.8%; p<0.001) of women aged 25 years and older were retested. Subsequent infection was detected in 4/35 (11%) women, all younger than 25. Suboptimal screening rates for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae suggest that current universal ocular prophylaxis cannot be discontinued. Repeating universal screening should be considered, especially among those younger than 25 years.

Risk of corneal epithelial defects with and without postoperative erythromycin ointment after laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose:We aim to compare the incidence of corneal epithelial defects after laser for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with and without the use of postoperative erythromycin ointment.Methods:In this retrospective observational cohort study, a total of 100 infants (200 eyes) consecutively treated with laser for ROP between 2012 and 2018. The primary outcome was presence or absence of corneal epithelial defect using fluorescein on bedside examination within the first week following laser for ROP. Additional data assessed included: the use of postoperative prophylactic erythromycin ointment for 1 week, postoperative day on which examination using fluorescein occurred, presence of corneal opacity, gender, birth weight, and gestation age. The presence or absence of postoperative corneal epithelial defects was compared between eyes receiving postoperative erythromycin ointment or not using a Fisher's exact test.Results:Postoperative corneal epithelial defects were more common in eyes which did not receive postoperative erythromycin (7 of 40 eyes; 17.5%), compared to eyes which did receive erythromycin (1 of 160 eyes; 0.6%; P < 0.0001). Postoperative bedside examinations with fluorescein were performed within 2 days of surgery on 136 of 200 of eyes (68%). Corneal opacities were noted in 3 of 200 eyes (1.5%).Conclusion:We observed less corneal epithelial defects in eyes which received postoperative erythromycin ointment for 1 week after laser for ROP than in those which did not. While multiple variables may influence the presence or absence of postoperative corneal epithelial defects following laser for ROP, consideration for postoperative lubricating ointment following laser for ROP seems reasonable.

Pharmaceutical and Supply Waste in Oculofacial Plastic Surgery at a Hospital-Based Outpatient Surgery Center.

To investigate the financial and environmental waste burden of unused disposable surgical supplies and pharmaceutical products in oculofacial plastic surgery at a hospital-based outpatient surgery center. This descriptive study was performed at a single academic hospital-based outpatient surgery center. Unused pharmaceuticals and disposable surgical materials were recorded for each of 34 consecutive oculofacial plastic surgeries performed by the same surgical team. Pharmaceutical products were grouped as local anesthetic (tetracaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine, and sodium bicarbonate), intraoperative (basic saline solution, methylene blue, and oxymetazoline hydrochloride), or antiseptic/antimicrobial (erythromycin ointment and hydrogen peroxide). Percentage of unused pharmaceutical product and disposable surgical material were calculated and extrapolated to direct costs to the institution and greenhouse gas emissions. The mean percentage of disposable surgical supply waste per case was 11.6% ($29.32). The mean percentage of pharmaceutical waste was 96.1% ($271.84) for local anesthetic, 71.0% ($163.47) for intraoperative medications, and 26.7% ($2.19) for antiseptic medication. The mean emissions per surgical case for unused disposable surgical equipment and unused pharmaceutical product were 10 and 103 kg of carbon equivalent gases (kg CO2-e), respectively. Surgical supply waste was nominal, but pharmaceutical waste was considerable in this single hospital-based outpatient surgery center study. There may exist opportunities for quality improvement in waste, especially pharmacologic burden, in oculofacial plastic surgery.

Fusidic acid cream comparatively minimizes signs of inflammation and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation after ablative fractional CO2 laser resurfacing in Chinese patients: A randomized controlled trial.

Inflammation and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) are two adverse side effects of ablative fractional CO2 laser (ablative Fr CO2 ) treatment for both rejuvenation and acne scars. To evaluate the efficacy of fusidic acid cream versus erythromycin ointment as postoperative therapy in patients who underwent ablative Fr CO2 treatment for atrophic acne scars. Sixty Chinese patients who fulfilled the study criteria were recruited and randomly assigned to an experimental group treated with fusidic acid cream or a control group treated with erythromycin ointment. Postoperative treatment lasted for 7days in each group. Each patient had two follow-up visits at 8 and 12weeks. In total, three patients dropped out of the study, one in the experimental group at week 8 and two in the control group at weeks 8 and 12. Baseline and postoperative inflammation and PIH were assessed by facial examination, photographs, and questionnaires. Besides, PIH was evaluated by the Hyperpigmentation Activity and Severity Index (HASI) and a five-point grading system. Moderate-to-severe PIH was observed in both groups. However, the mean HASI score and severity of PIH in the experimental group were lower than those of the control group at weeks 8 and 12 (P<0.05). In the control group, one patient developed postoperative abscesses and one had papules, whereas no inflammation was observed in the experimental group participants. Fusidic acid cream shows promise as a common treatment after ablative Fr CO2 therapy to reduce postoperative inflammation and PIH.

Periocular Facial Scald Burns in Children: Is Ophthalmology Consultation Necessary?

Criteria that predict the need for ocular injury treatment in children who suffer periocular facial scald burns are not known. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and management of ocular injuries among children sustaining facial scald burns and to determine predictors of injuries requiring additional treatment. Children treated at a burn center with periocular facial scald burns were analyzed. Patient and injury profiles were compared between those evaluated and not evaluated by an ophthalmologist. Factors associated with an ocular injury requiring treatment were determined, and treatment differences before and after ophthalmology consultation were evaluated. Seventy-three children with facial scald burns were identified, none with a full-thickness injury. Thirteen children had ocular findings on examination including corneal abrasion, conjunctivitis, scleral burn, and chemosis of the conjunctiva. Twenty-three patients received erythromycin ointment, only 8 of whom had a documented ocular injury. Children seen by an ophthalmologist (n = 24) more often had a positive finding on examination (37.5% vs 8.2%, P = 0.007) and received treatment (66.7% vs 14.3%, P < 0.001). Only 4 patients had modification in their treatment plan after consultation, 3 of whom were started on treatment despite not having a positive finding on examination. Ocular injury after periocular facial scald burns is an infrequent finding. Among children with partial-thickness periocular facial scald burns, initial evaluation and treatment without ophthalmology consultation are appropriate. Ophthalmic antibiotic ointment is an appropriate initial treatment in most symptomatic patients, with ophthalmologic consultation being limited to children without symptomatic improvement.

As Dr. Fordyce Might Say, A Peculiar Affection of the Lips of a Neonate

Introduction: Fordyce spots, named after J.A. Fordyce who first described them in 1896, are ectopic sebaceous glands often found on the buccal mucosa. These common lesions develop over time in the general population, affecting up to 90% of adults, but are rarely recognized in the neonate. Case Report: A female neonate was born average for gestational age at 38 weeks’ gestation via spontaneous vaginal delivery to a 34-year-old G1P1 mom who received appropriate prenatal care. Pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated. Baby received vitamin K, erythromycin ointment, and hepatitis B vaccine at birth. By …

Curative Effect of Compound Vitamin B Combined with Erythromycin Ointment in the Treatment of Infantile Angular Stomatitis

Curative Effect of Compound Vitamin B Combined with Erythromycin Ointment in the Treatment of Infantile Angular Stomatitis

Perioperative Corneal Abrasions After Nonocular Surgery: A Systematic Review.

To perform a systematic review of the international literature evaluating the risk factors, preventative steps, and treatments for perioperative corneal injuries for nonocular surgery. PubMed, Embase, and Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews databases were searched on April 13, 2018. Two hundred four articles were identified with 16 meeting the inclusion criteria. All studies were evaluated for quality and level of evidence. Two types of studies were included. The first were primary epidemiological studies that looked at the rates of perioperative corneal injuries after nonocular surgery and the second were trials that either studied preventative steps or treatments. A statistical analysis was completed to reveal trends in perioperative corneal abrasions. Rates ranged from 0.01% to 59% with a cumulative rate of 0.64% (95% confidence interval 0.36%-1.35%). Primary risk factors were identified as longer procedures, general anesthesia, and advanced age. The most commonly associated ocular injuries were found to include chemical injury, conjunctivitis, blurred vision, and conjunctival congestion. Treatment strategies for corneal abrasion in the literature recommended erythromycin ointment and ample ocular lubrication for the fastest recovery. Education interventions alone, as studied in 2 of the 16 articles, demonstrated a significant decrease in the rate of corneal abrasions. Standardized ocular protection, reporting, and education initiatives were found to maximally decrease rates of perioperative corneal abrasions after nonocular surgery. However, no gold standard currently exists for intraoperative ocular protection. More research needs to be conducted on specific prevention strategies and content of educational initiatives in hopes of standard development across facilities nationwide.