Ergonomic Hazards Research Articles

Assessment of the Ergonomic Exposures for Home Healthcare Workers in the United Kingdom

Home healthcare has been identified amongst the most hazardous industries in healthcare. Many of the tasks being conducted by home healthcare workers are associated with significant demands including physical demands such as mobility and repositioning activities as well as psychological demands which is attributed by dealing with a complex environment whilst administering medical and life saving care to patients, and social demands that encompasses dealing with dying and grieving patients. With the homes in United Kingdom having potentially unique exposures due to the healthcare system and design of the homes such as multi-floors, smaller condensed rooms, and limited ventilation, the purpose of this study was to investigate the exposures for home healthcare workers in the United Kingdom. Ergonomic hazards were observed through various tasks such as repositioning in bed (34.8%), transfer from bed to chair (30.4%), transfer from bed to chair (26.1%), and transfer from chair to chair (26.1%) and particularly for nursing aides. Lifting hoists were only used 13 times (19%) and predominantly by nursing aides (12 of 13, 92%). A slip sheet or slide board was used 7 times (10.1%), all being nursing aides using them.

Development of a Mobile App for Occupational Stress Screening Among Female Workers: Protocol for an Exploratory Sequential Design Study.

Occupational safety hazards include physical, chemical, ergonomic, biological, and psychological hazards. Technological innovation in screening for occupational stress, especially among female workers, is needed to improve their health and productivity. This research is being conducted to obtain a prediction model of work stress through a questionnaire instrument that includes stressors and symptoms based on the transactional model, as well as measurement of work stress through a mobile app that can be used anywhere. The research is conducted in 3 stages: qualitative research, quantitative research (cross-sectional), and mobile app development. Data were collected from companies located in Jakarta, Indonesia. The sample was chosen based on purposive sampling. For the quantitative research (n=430), logistic regression analysis was used. We are developing a work stress screening instrument for female workers, which includes stressors and symptoms based on the transactional model, in the form of a digital platform so that female workers can undertake the examination anywhere without interfering with working hours or home duties. This research was funded in January 2024 and qualitative data collection began in February 2024. Quantitative data were obtained in March 2024; the number of respondents in the qualitative stage was 6, and in the quantitative stage it was 430. The work stress screening app is in the development stage and will be launched at the same time as the data collection is performed so we can examine the respondents' perspectives on the use of the app. This study analyzes the prediction of work stress to help female workers screen for work stress. Workers who are detected as experiencing work stress will be educated using an algorithm programmed in the app. PRR1-10.2196/55874.

Factors Related to Dental Ergonomics Practice Among Indonesian Dentists.

Dentists are at greater risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) which can be caused by repetitive movements, improper posture and long working hours. If ergonomic principles are applied in the field of dentistry, they help to prevent occupational ergonomic health hazards and provides more comfort to the dentist and patient. To obtain information regarding dental ergonomics practice of dentists in Indonesia and its related factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a purposive sampling method via Google Form to 231 dentists in DKI Jakarta, Indonesia from November to December 2022. The questionnaire consisted of 34 items divided into five sections; socio-demographic, job characteristics, knowledge of dental ergonomics, attitude towards dental ergonomics and the practice of dentists regarding dental ergonomics. Bivariate analysis was conducted using Pearson Chi-square Test. 76.2% dentists have poor dental ergonomics practice. There is a significant relationship (p-value < 0.05) between the practice of dental ergonomics and age group, years of practical experience and level of knowledge. Most Indonesian dentists (76.2%) still lack of dental ergonomics practice. Age, duration of work experience and ergonomic dental practice knowledge are significantly correlated.

Ergonomics in bronchoscopy.

This study examines ergonomic considerations in bronchoscopic procedures, surveying existing research, injury rates, contributing factors, and practical ergonomic controls. The field of ergonomics examines the relationship between workers and their workplace to enhance productivity and minimize injuries. Bronchoscopists may face ergonomic hazards due to extended periods of maintaining fixed positions, repetitive actions, and the design of both tools and procedure spaces. Studies on the ergonomics of bronchoscopy have revealed a wide range of musculoskeletal issues among practitioners. Those new to the field, including trainees and early-career professionals, may be particularly vulnerable to injuries compared to their more experienced counterparts. Implementing a systematic approach, such as that proposed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, could help reduce physical stress, discomfort, and the likelihood of musculoskeletal disorders for bronchoscopists. Bronchoscopists increasingly face ergonomic issues in their practice. Despite available measures to address these problems, the field lacks uniform ergonomic guidelines for bronchoscopy. To safeguard bronchoscopists' health and safety from the outset of their careers, more studies and training focused on ergonomics in bronchoscopy are needed.

Seaweed Farming in Tanzania: A Study of Working Practices and Geospatial Analysis of Occupational Hazards and Adverse Health Outcomes

ABSTRACT Objective Work in seafood harvesting and processing has been associated with a range of occupational hazards and associated health problems. However, limited information exists regarding the occupational health risks among workers engaged in seaweed handling. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to map seaweed co-operatives (n = 45), assess working practices, and identify common work-related symptoms, occupational hazards, and interventions in seaweed farming sites (n = 24), across three regions of Zanzibar, Tanzania. Results Seaweed farming in Zanzibar primarily involves the cultivation of Eucheuma Spinosum, with the majority of workers being women. Common work-related symptoms identified include musculoskeletal symptoms, mainly affecting the wrist (87%), back (84%) and lower limbs (73%). Furthermore, a significant proportion of workers were reported to have skin problems (80%) as well as heat and asthma-related symptoms (51%). Walk-through hazard evaluations of work sites identified a range of occupational hazards, with ergonomic (58–68%), biological (50–63%) and chemical (55–65%) hazards obtaining higher scores across the three regions. Geospatial analysis revealed regional variations in occupational hazards and work-related symptom prevalence, with Unguja South having a statistically significant (p < .05) higher mean prevalence of skin symptoms (95%) and Mjini Magharibi region reporting a higher prevalence of lower limb pain (100%), back pain (100%), and heat-related symptoms (90%). Despite the high hazard scores, interventions were generally lacking across all regions. Conclusion Occupational health hazards and adverse health outcomes vary across seaweed farming and processing regions. Tailored interventions will be key to improving workplace health and safety of workers engaged in this sector.

B-231 Evaluation of the KingFisher Flex for DNA Isolation From FFPE Tissue Utilizing Autolys M Tubes and the MagMAX FFPE DNA/RNA Ultra Kit

Abstract Background Our institution is facing increasing demand for oncology testing that requires high quality DNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. The current DNA extraction workflow involves a time and labor-intensive manual process that limits our ability to accommodate increasing downstream clinical testing volumes. We evaluated the KingFisher (KF) Flex utilizing Autolys M Tubes and the MagMAX FFPE DNA/RNA Ultra Kit as a possible high-throughput, automated DNA isolation workflow option that would decrease hands-on time and be conducive to volume growth without the need for additional staff. Methods DNA from 52 FFPE tissue samples (n=24 unique cases previously extracted by the current “manual method”) were extracted using Autolys M tubes, the MagMAX FFPE DNA/RNA Ultra Kit, and the KF Flex (Thermo Fisher Scientific Waltham, MA) over 4 “automated method” runs. Method modifications to the published procedure were introduced over the runs to determine any effects on DNA quality/quantity. Timings were taken during each run to compare hands-on and total run time against that of the manual method. Precision experiments were performed by extracting 4 replicates of sample on a single run (intra-assay precision) and 2 samples from 2 cases over 2 runs (inter-assay precision). Three cases were processed using varying tissue input levels to assess input-yield correlation. DNA yield was measured using HS dsDNA Qubit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). A subset of samples was tested by digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) (n=10), chromosomal microsomal microarray (CMA) (n=1), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) (n=3). Variants and QC metrics of the KF DNA were compared to those of the manual method DNA. Results The average total DNA yield was 3% lower from samples extracted following the manufacturer recommended KF procedure compared to matched samples extracted using the manual method (n=28 samples from 23 unique cases). A CV of 2.8% was observed in an intra-assay experiment (n=4 replicates from 1 case) and 3.0% in an average inter-assay experiment (n=2 replicates from 2 cases). There was a direct correlation between the tissue input amount (4 amounts of varied tissue input) and the total DNA yield (n=3 samples). We observed concordant fractional abundance values for ddPCR samples and concordant variant detection for NGS and CMA samples. We did not see a significant difference in the quality metrics tracked for any of the downstream testing assays. Conclusions This evaluation demonstrated that, as compared to our manual method, the automated method resulted in comparable DNA yields and downstream assay results. The incorporation of this automation would significantly increase our FFPE DNA extraction capacity without requiring additional staff while reducing hands-on time per run by about six hours. We would also be able to reduce ergonomic hazards related to tube cap manipulation, eliminate use of hazardous reagents, and leverage the plate format to better integrate extracted DNA into our clinical sample preparation workflows. These operational benefits highlight the value of automating high-throughput workflows.

Ergonomic challenges of mortuary attendants in Ghana: an exploratory study

Objective. Mortuary attendants in Ghana face various occupational health and safety hazards, including ergonomic and psychosocial factors, which can impact both their well-being and the quality of service provided. However, there is limited knowledge about the specific ergonomic hazards they encounter. This study aims to investigate and understand these ergonomic hazards at selected hospital mortuaries in Ghana. Methods. The study used a qualitative approach to investigate the experiences of 19 mortuary attendants, selected through purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and recorded digitally, and focused on participants’ demographics, work experiences, challenges and coping strategies. The collected data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. Results. The study found that mortuary attendants face ergonomic hazards, leading to physical discomfort, sleep problems and the need for sick leave and self-medication. Poor working conditions were a major risk factor. Conclusion. The study recommends the immediate inclusion of fundamental occupational health and safety practices into the informal apprenticeship training for mortuary attendants. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of providing necessary equipment to mortuary attendants to reduce or eliminate ergonomic hazards in their work environments.

Does organisational myopia mediate the effect of occupational health and safety practices on the risk of occupational accidents in Turkish healthcare institutions?

Occupational health and safety (OHS) policies in healthcare institutions must be well managed, because healthcare practice involves many physical, biological, ergonomic, chemical, and psychosocial hazards that can affect the health of healthcare workers. In addition, their work performance may be affected by the so-called organisational myopia. In this context, the aim of our study was to determine how organisational myopia affects OHS practices in healthcare institutions and whether it increases the risk of occupational accidents. The study population consisted of a convenience sample of 420 healthcare professionals working throughout Turkey who completed a questionnaire addressing these three domains: organisational myopia, OHS practices, and risk of occupational accidents. Their responses were analysed with exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and Spearman's correlation to assess the adequacy of measurement tools and identify relationships between variables, followed by mediation analysis. We found that OHS practices mitigate organisational myopia and the risk of occupational accidents. We also found no significant effect of organisational myopia on the risk of occupational accidents. Our findings underscore the importance of OHS practices in healthcare institutions and that organisational myopia should be evaluated in special contexts such as working time, experience, or routinisation.

Effectiveness of Innovative Ergonomic Models in Preventing Occupational Fatigue in Rice Farmers

Introduction: Ergonomic work hazards are potential hazards that can negatively affect the health of farmers. One of the ergonomic hazards that farmers often experience is fatigue. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of innovative ergonomic models and the preparation of balanced calorie needs in preventing work fatigue in rice farmers. Methods: The type of research used is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, which is the most powerful design to evaluate the intervention used, namely the effectiveness of innovative ergonomic models and the preparation of balanced calorie needs in preventing occupational fatigue in rice farmers. The population in this study were all farmers in Pudak Village, Kumpeh Ulu Subdistrict, Muaro Jambi Regency, totaling 238 people. The number of research samples was 68 farmers has taken using simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed to determine the effectiveness of innovative ergonomic models using the ANOVA test with (α = 0.05). Result: There was a difference in the effectiveness of innovative ergonomic models in preventing work fatigue between at least two groups of rice farmers. Conclusion: the provision of stretching and snacks coupled with rest periods is most effective in preventing occupational fatigue. As for occupational fatigue, the provision of stretching, snacks, and rest time and the provision of simple education on the hazards of work ergonomics are effective in preventing occupational fatigue in rice farmers.

Investigating the Causes of Work-Related Injuries and their Impact on the Employee Health and Safety in Organizations in GCC Region

Ensuring employee health and safety has been considered the top priority by OSHA. Although employee health and safety has an been considered paramount in ensuring effective company operations around the world yet limited efforts are being taken by the organizations to enhance employee health and safety. This research paper aims to explore the various industrial hazards and their impact on the employee health and safety in the GCC region. This research uses primary and secondary data, Qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques to test the hypothesis. Descriptive statistics including relationship charts, frequency analysis, and ANOVA testing were included to reach the conclusion. The response was received 100 responses from different industries in GCC region to whom the survey was disseminated. The researcher has also used open publicly available data through the published information by the General Organization for Social Insurance (GOSI). The results conclude close inverse relationship between the dependent and independent variables where the (Independent variable) is Employee safety and health and the dependent variables are electric hazard, fire hazards, fall hazards, ergonomics hazards. The reduction in the hazards will lead to increase in the employee safety and health.

Risk Analysis of Work Posture and Body Mass Index to Musculoskeletal Disorders among Librarians at Universitas Airlangga

Introduction: Potential ergonomic hazards at work can lead to complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The Global Burden of Disease estimated that, by 2019, there were about 1.71 billion people in the world living with musculoskeletal problems. One of the jobs that has this risk is librarians because their jobs are dominated by static postures. This study aims to determine the correlation between work posture and body mass index (BMI) with MSDs complaints among librarians at Universitas Airlangga. Methods: This study is an analytical observational research with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study consists of the total population of librarians at Universitas Airlangga that met the inclusion criteria, totaling 28 librarians. Primary data were obtained through the direct distribution of questionnaires to librarians, observations of work posture and musculoskeletal complaints in librarians. The data in this study were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test. Results: The research results showed that the level of mild MSDs complaints was reported by 7 librarians (25.0%), moderate complaints by 13 librarians (46.4%), and severe complaints by 8 librarians (28.6%). The statistical test results indicate a strong and positive correlation between work posture and MSDs complaints (r = 0.444), while a weak and positive correlation was found between BMI)(r = 0.222) and years of service (r = 0.158) with musculoskeletal disorders complaints. Conclusion: This study concludes that librarians in high-risk work postures may experience musculoskeletal disorders complaints, especially in the neck, shoulders, and back areas.

Experimental design for a sustainable society among motorcyclists: The influence of road types and speeds on whole-body vibration exposure and musculoskeletal disorders in motorcyclists

Motorcycles are very popular motorized vehicles and are widely used around the world. The main ergonomic hazard associated with the continuous use of motorcycles is the motorcyclist’s exposure to vibrations, which can potentially cause musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This can lead to significant health issues and may also heighten the risk of accidents due to increased driving discomfort. This study aims to investigate the impact of road type and motorcycle speed on WBV exposure and MSD complaints among motorcyclists. An experimental design method was used in this study, with samples subjected to a combination of treatments: riding a motorcycle on different road types and at different speeds. Vibration measurements and calculations were carried out using an accelerometer sensor based on ISO 2631-1, and MSD complaints were assessed using the Body Map Questionnaire (BMQ). The results of this study showed that riding on concrete roads resulted in a significantly higher vibration acceleration of 37.74% and a higher score of MSD complaints of 18.67% compared to asphalt roads. Riding at a speed of 50 km/h resulted in a significantly higher vibration acceleration of 31.03% and a higher score of MSD complaints of 9.49% compared to a speed of 30 km/h. This indicates that increased vibration exposure increased the risk of MSD complaints in this study. These findings highlight the need for measures to mitigate WBV exposure and its adverse health effects on motorcyclists, particularly when riding on rough road surfaces at higher speeds. Recommendations include limiting riding duration and implementing vibration-reducing technologies in motorcycle design.

Museum Professionals’ Perceptions of Chemical and Biological Hazards and Risks in Museum Work Environments in Finland

Limited research has explored museum professionals’ perceptions of workplace hazards and risks, despite the presence of various health threats in museum work environments. This study aims to identify perceived chemical and biological hazards and contributing factors in Finnish museum workplaces. Utilizing data from two surveys and qualitative content analysis, it uncovers a range of perceived hazards, often linked to collection storage facilities, historical buildings, and museum collections. Mold, indoor air quality, and dust are central concerns. While recognizing chemical hazards in collections proves challenging, accident-related and ergonomic hazards receive broad recognition. Workplace hazards are perceived to be rooted in systemic and cultural factors, encompassing haphazard management, recurring themes of neglect, limited safety knowledge, and negative attitudes. Enhancing workplace safety in museums necessitates a comprehensive approach, including support and education for leaders and other professionals, improved work practices and storage facilities, and increased budgetary support.

Hazard Identification Risk Assessment Onsite Survey for External Human-Induced Events Aspect of the Nuclear Power Plant in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Every stage of the West Kalimantan Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) building process prioritizes safety. The external, human-induced events (HIE) aspect is one part of the NPP site survey, as some risks in the site evaluation procedure could compromise the safety of the activity implementers. As a result, a risk assessment study relating to occupational safety and health (OSH) is necessary. This study aims to determine the quantity of risk from NPP site survey activities in terms of the HIE aspect. The risk assessment method involves a literature review and collecting data from field verification using a quantitative method that refers to the risk assessment based on BATAN Standard 006.1:2019 to support the implementation of the OSH management system. Following that, the analysis begins with a hazard risk identification risk analysis to determine the risk probability scale and consequence scale acquisition that may result from the hazards. The research findings from the conducted assessment of risk related to the nonroutine HIE site survey show ergonomic, mechanical, and biological hazards that were developed during the preparation, field review, and reporting processes. The risk rating is category A, with a risk scale of 2, indicating acceptable risk and effective control measures. These data and information support site evaluation license requirements for Indonesia as it plans for the construction of NPPs.

Promoting safety of underground machinery operators through participatory ergonomics and fuzzy model analysis to foster sustainable mining practices

One of the most vital parameters to achieve sustainability in any field is encompassing the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) of the workers. In mining industry where heavy earth moving machineries are largely employed, ergonomic hazards turn out to be significant OHS hazards causing Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in the operators. Nevertheless, the Indian mining industry lacks a comprehensive technique of OHS risk assessment, especially for ergonomic hazards that cause MSDs. This research appraises ergonomic hazards and develops Fuzzy Musculoskeletal-disorders Index (FMI) model to evaluate ergonomic-related MSDs. Work process and work tool ergonomic risk factors were identified through literature review and directives recommended by experts. Work posture was evaluated using RULA. The data-collecting approach was implemented using participatory ergonomic and design science principles. The FMI results show average MSDs score of 3.69, indicating high to extremely high risk. Surface plots show that combined work tool and work process was the most sensitive factors to MSDs risk compared to other two combinations. A two-sample t-test validated the FMI. The findings should help safety experts and managers develop effective OHS management plans and programmes for the sustainability of Indian mining industry.

HUBUNGAN POTENSI BAHAYA KERJA PERAWAT DENGAN UPAYA PENCEGAHAN BERBASIS HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT DETERMINING CONTROL

The quality of health services needs to be maintained and improved, while the number of work accidents still has the potential to occur through the phenomenon of potential work hazards for nurses and low prevention efforts. Information found potential work hazards for nurses include physical, biological, ergonomic, chemical and psychosocial hazards as well as the low prevention efforts of nurses in the Dialysis Room. This study aims to determine the relationship between the potential work hazards of nurses and prevention efforts based on hazard identification risk assessment determining control (HIRADC) in the Dialysis Room at Jasa Kartini Hospital, Tasikmalaya (RSJKT). This research method is a quantitative research type descriptive correlation cross sectional approach. The number of samples was 30 nurses in the Dialysis Room at Jasa Kartini Tasikmalaya Hospital with the sampling technique using total sampling. The instrument used was a valid and reliable questionnaire including a questionnaire on the potential hazards of work for nurses (Cronbach Alpha value 0.953) and HIRADC-based prevention efforts (Cronbach Alpha value 0.952). Data analysis used the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most of the potential work hazards for nurses were in the unsafe category (63.3%). Most of the HIRADC-based prevention efforts are in the low category of 56.7%. There is a significant relationship (p-value = 0.000) between potential work hazards for nurses and HIRADC-based prevention efforts. The results of this study are expected that hospitals hold workshops and training on HIRADC-based prevention efforts regularly at least once a year, nurses improve the patient safety culture implementation program in an effort to minimize potential occupational hazards and further research can explore potential work hazards for nurses and HIRADC-based prevention efforts with the method qualitative research and identify other factors related to HIRADC-based prevention efforts.

Subhyaloid Hemorrhage in A Weightlifting Worker: A Case Report

Introduction. Subhyaloid hemorrhage is a sudden loss of vision, mostly caused by valsava retinopathy. We present a case report of a 24-year-old Indonesian male with a sudden decrease in vision to 1/300 in his left eye after lifting hundreds of boxes weighing 10-24 kilograms as part of his job as a warehouse keeper. Methods. We conducted literature searching to five databases (PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Embase, and JSTOR) and hand searching on November 20th, 2023. Results. We have selected five articles. The patient was diagnosed with subhyaloid hemorrhage. Physical exertion and valsava maneuver act as ergonomic hazards to this patient. Valsava maneuver can increase intrathoracic and intraabdominal pressure transmitted to the eye and cause rupture of retinal capillaries and detachment of internal limiting membrane. The patient had very heavy work. There was a history of kidney infection and hypertension. No other exposure was considered from out of work. This was a work-aggravated disease. Discussion. Valsalva maneuver, coughing, sneezing, vomiting, weight lifting, and heavy physical activity cause valsava retinopathy. Retinal vascular disorders, diabetes, hematological disorders, and trauma are associated with this. Subhyaloid hemorrhage can also be caused by blowing, constipation, vigorous sexual activity, spontaneous vaginal delivery, or an asthma attack. It can be spontaneously cleared or need hyaloidotomy or vitrectomy. Recurrent episodes can occur from 3 weeks to 4 years predisposed by the valsava condition. Conclusion. Valsava maneuver and weightlifting at work can cause or aggravate subhyaloid hemorrhage. Avoiding valsava maneuver, breath controlling during manual lifting, and lifting restrictions are recommended.

Assessment of the occupational exposures within homes for home healthcare workers in the United Kingdom

Many of the tasks being conducted by home healthcare workers are associated with significant complex demands. Each home is a unique work environment with potentially different exposures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the plethora of exposures for home healthcare workers in the United Kingdom. The study was a cross-sectional study that utilized a trained supervisor to complete the direct observation of the healthcare worker (nursing aide and nurse). Environmental hazards that were captured included mold/mildew (8.7%) and dogs (14.5%), and secondhand smoking (15.9% with smell in home and 8.7% with active smoking). Verbal abuse was prominent for nurse aides (31% experiencing it). Ergonomic hazards were observed through various tasks such as repositioning in bed (34.8%), transfer from bed to chair (30.4%), transfer from bed to chair (26.1%), and transfer from chair to chair (26.1%) and particularly for nursing aides. The results of the current observations indicated that home healthcare workers faced a multitude of exposures that could lead to injuries. This provides a rigid platform for occupational safety and ergonomics specialists to appreciate the occupational exposures and challenges that home health care workers face in the unique home care environment and proactively identify mitigation measures of the respective occupational hazards.

Magnitude and associated factors of occupational hazard exposures among sanitary workers: Propose RASM model for risk mitigation for the public hospitals, eastern Ethiopia

BackgroundHospital sanitation workers (SWs) are exposed to numerous occupational hazards due to workplace conditions such as unsafe and unhygienic working environment in the hospitals. Therefore, knowing magnitude, types and source of occupational hazard exposures with their determinants are very significant for further mitigations.MethodsHospital based cross-sectional study design was conducted in public hospitals, eastern Ethiopia from 1st May to August 30th, 2023. 809 SWs participated. Data was entered into Epi Data Version 3.1 and Stata 17MP version used for analysis. Descriptive analysis was applied to describe the data. While, multilevel logistic regression was explored to determine the association between outcome and independents among at individual level (model 1), at hospitals (model 2) and combination of the two (model 3). The crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for models 2 and 3 were reported. Variables with an AOR with a 95% confidence interval (CI) at a p-value < 0.05 were reported.ResultOut of 809 SWs, 729 (90.11%) responded. The overall magnitude of self-reported occupational hazard exposures among SWs was 63.65% (95% CI 0.60–0.67). Of this, biological, chemical, and ergonomic hazards accounted for 82.44%, 74.76%, and 70.92%, respectively. The multilevel logistic regression shows that having social recognition (AOR: 0.37, 95% CI 0.14, 0.91), neutral attitude (AOR: 0.48, 95% CI 0.17, 1.41) as compared to negative attitude. The model also found that SWs those supervised could reduce the likelihood of occupational hazard exposures by 50% times (AOR: 0.50, 95% CI 0.18, 1.38) as compared to non-supervised SWs. The final model predicted the variation of occupational hazard exposures among sanitary workers from the hospitals to hospitals was 26.59%.ConclusionsThe concluded that hospital sanitary workers are facing biological, chemical, ergonomic, physical, psychological, mechanical, and electrical hazards. This study’s findings predicted that dissatisfied with their environment, working more than 8 hr per a day, a negative attitude towards workplace risks and inadequate supervision may serve as contributing factors for the likelihood of occupational hazard exposures among these groups. Thus, the study suggested that hospitals could reduce these hazard risks if they implement the Risk Assessment and Safety Management (RASM) model, which includes multi-modal strategies, indicators and tripartite philosophy.

Pengujian Ergonomi Berdasarkan SNI 9011:2021 dan ROSA Serta Evaluasi Lingkungan Kerja Perkantoran Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 48 Tahun 2016 di Fakultas Teknik Unsoed

Office environments, as one of workplace, are inherently associated with potential occupational hazards that may impact the health and safety of individuals within them. According to the Ministry of Health of Indonesia Regulation No. 48 of 2016, office spaces are required to meet specific physical conditions, taking into aspects such as lighting, noise levels, air temperature, and humidity within the work environment. Various issues have been identified at the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, such as malfunctioning some of air condition units, inadequate lighting, noise pollution from vehicular traffic, and complaints regarding workers' postures. Office workers are susceptible to ergonomic risks, particularly musculoskeletal disorders due to work activities (GOTRAK). This research aims to evaluate the compliance with the Ministry of Health of Indonesia Regulation No. 48 of 2016 by assessing the work environment and adhering to the standards outlined in SNI 9011:2021, which pertains to the Measurement and Evaluation of Potential Ergonomic Hazards in the Workplace. To strengthen the data and ensure the identification of potential ergonomic hazards in office settings, ergonomic assessment methods such as the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) can be employed. The objective of this study is to measure physical environmental parameters such as lighting intensity, noise levels, and air temperature, identify GOTRAK-related complaints based on SNI 9011:2021, and provide recommendations for improvements in accordance with the Ministry of Health of Indonesia Regulation No. 48 of 2016 and SNI 9011:2021.