The rapid erection system of transmission lines in disaster relief can restore the power supply in the disaster area in a very short time. It takes a long time to construct transmission lines in post-disaster relief and reconstruction. This paper designs the transmission line erection system with the idea of light quality and modularization and puts forward the dimensions and structures of auxiliary hoisting towers and overhead towers. Then, considering that the transmission line is a tall flexible structure, which is very sensitive to wind load, the finite element model of the transmission tower is established to analyze the simultaneous stress of the overhead tower and the lifting tower under extreme conditions. The study verifies the feasibility and stability of the designed transmission line rapid erection system.