Diversity Of Epiphytic Bryophytes Research Articles

Diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in Medan City Parks, North Sumatra, Indonesia and its potential as lead (Pb) bio-accumulators

Abstract. Siregar ES, Pasaribu N, Lubis AF. 2023. Diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in Medan City Parks, North Sumatra, Indonesia and its potential as lead (Pb) bio-accumulators. Biodiversitas 24: 3214-3221. The information on the diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in the metropolitan area, particularly Medan City, North Sumatra, Indonesia has been limited. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct an inventory of the diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in Medan City parks as well as to assess their potential as lead (Pb) bioaccumulators. Three sampling sites, namely Ahmad Yani Park, Beringin Park, and Medan Zoo, were selected based on their pollution levels from high to low, respectively. Five plots with dimensions of 25×25 m were placed at each site and five representative host trees were selected in each plot. Lead (Pb) bioaccumulation of bryophyte samples is determined using the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) method at the Plant Research Center Laboratory, Medan. The Pb-bioaccumulation capacity of each species from different sites was compared through two-way ANOVA. The results showed eight species, namely four liverworts (Marchantiophyta): Cololejeunea lanciloba Steph., Lejeunea cocoes Mitt., Lopholejeunea eulopha (Taylor) Schiffn., and Lopholejeunea subfusca (Nees) Schiffn., as well as 4 Mosses (Bryophyta): Calymperes tenerum C.Müller, Meiothecium microcarpum Mitten, Octoblepharum albidum Hedwig and Vesicularia dubyana Brotherus. Vesicularia dubyana was the dominant species at Beringin Park and Medan Zoo, while C. tenerum was dominant at Ahmad Yani Park. The biodiversity of epiphytic bryophytes in this study was categorized as moderate level (1?H’?3). The highest Important Values Index (IVI) of epiphytic bryophytes in this study was obtained for V. dubyana at 131.80. The highest Pb bioaccumulation was observed in O. albidum at 87.5 mg/kg, followed by V. dubyana at 66.6 mg/kg. This study provided information on the ecological contribution of epiphytic bryophytes as Pb bioaccumulators in urban areas. Vesicularia dubyana and O. albidum can be recommended as biomonitoring agents in the future.

Genetic population structure of Cheilolejeunea rigidula (Lejeuneaceae) in the Amazon region

We studied the community structure and diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in a vertical gradient from tree base to canopy in four lowland rain forest sites of the Colombian Amazon (Amazonas, Caquetá, Putumayo, and Vaupés). Each of the 64 sampled phorophytes was divided into six height zones from the base (Z1) to the outer canopy (Z6). As a subproject, we carried out a genetic population study using the liverwort Cheilolejeunea rigidula (Lejeuneaceae) as our model species, which occurred in all six height zones. In addition to 65 successfully sequenced samples from the study sites, we included individuals of C. rigidula from Guiana and Brazil (Manaus and Tapajos) to investigate the connectivity and genetic structure of this species across the Amazon region and to evaluate the genetic structure based on phorophyte height zones. Each site in Colombia, Brazil and Guiana was considered a subpopulation. The sequenced chloroplast markers (partial atpB gene, partial psbA gene/psbA-trnH spacer) showed little variation across the Amazon and the height zones on the trees. The nuclear marker (ITS) showed a spatial structure indicating genetic differentiation of subpopulations across the Amazon, but little genetic differentiation of C. rigidula along the height of the trees. The gradient across the Amazon shows a relationship between genetic distance and geographic distance, indicating dispersal limitations (P<0.001). At local and regional scales, our results suggest that dispersal can have a dominant effect on populations and communities, increasing connectivity.

Epiphytic bryophytes of the State Dendrological Park “Olexandria” of the NAS of Ukraine

Investigations of the species diversity of epiphytic bryophytes of the State Dendrological Park “Olexandria” (the historical part and the “Budynok Lisnyka” plot) were conducted in 2017–2019 and revealed 40 species representing 22 genera, 17 families, seven orders, two classes, and two divisions. This corresponds to 46.51 % of the total number of detected bryophytes in the park. The leading families in the bryoflora of the park are Orthotrichaceae (9 species), Brachytheciaceae (6), Amblystegiaceae (3), Anomodontaceae (3), Dicranaceae (3), Hypnaceae (3), and Pottiaceae (2). The leading genera are Orthotrichum (9 species), Anomodon (3), and Dicranum (3).Among the identified taxa, five species (Dicranum tauricum, Orthotrichum lyellii, Porella platyphylla, Sciuro-hypnum reflexum, and Syntrichia virescens) are regionally rare within the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. Most of the recorded epiphytic mosses were found on the bark of Acer platanoides (28 species), Fraxinus excelsior (27), Quercus robur (26), Acer campestre (23), and Tilia cordata (22). The least epiphytic mosses were found on the bark of conifers (Pinus sylvestris, P. strobus, Picea abies, Larix decidua, etc.).The surveyed trees in the State Dendrological Park “Olexandria” were also found such epigeal mosses as Plagiomnium cuspidatum, Ceratodon purpureus, Dicranella heteromalla, and Pohlia nutans, as well as epixilic moss Dicranum flagellare, etc.The “Budynok Lisnyka” plot hosts three species that do not occur in the park’s historical part. In particular, Lophocolea heterophylla and Sciuro-hypnum curtum were found there on Quercus robur trunks and Sciuro-hypnum reflexum on Quercus rubra bark. At the same time, the historical part of the park is characterized by the number of expansive bryophytes.

树附生苔藓植物多样性及其影响因素

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 树附生苔藓植物多样性及其影响因素 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201902220322 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家林业局林木培育重点实验室基金项目（ZDRIF201716） Epiphytic bryophyte diversity and its influencing factors Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: Foundation of Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration (ZDRIF201716) 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:树附生苔藓植物是一类附生在树木上的苔藓植物，是森林生态系统的重要组成部分，在维持生物多样性和生态系统功能等方面发挥着重要的作用。由于树附生苔藓植物结构简单，对环境变化尤为敏感，常在大气污染、气候变化、森林干扰等方面作为指示生物。随着全球变化的加剧，其多样性势必会受到影响。因此，研究树附生苔藓植物多样性分布及其对不同环境因子的响应，对于全球变化背景下树附生苔藓植物的保护和利用具有重要的指导性意义。首先对树附生苔藓植物多样性和空间分布现状进行阐述，然后从附主树木特征、森林群落特征和全球变化等3个方面探讨树附生苔藓植物多样性与影响因素之间的关系，以期从"个体-群落-全球"不同尺度进行分析，为树附生苔藓植物的保护和利用等研究提供借鉴和参考。 Abstract:Epiphytic bryophytes are a type of bryophytes that grow on the bark of trees. They are important components in the forest ecosystem and play vital roles in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Epiphytic bryophytes are sensitive to the environmental changes for their simple structure and often used as bioindicators for air pollution, climate change, and forest disturbance. Meanwhile, epiphytic bryophytes diversity is under threat in the face of global change. Therefore, it is important to study the distribution and responses of epiphytic bryophytes to different environmental factors for their protection and utilization under the background of global change. In this paper, we reviewed studies on the biodiversity and spatial distribution of epiphytic bryophytes, and then discussed the relationship between their diversity and influencing factors from three aspects: host characteristics, forest community characteristics and global change. We hope that the comprehensive discussion from the individual-community-global scales can provide useful information for epiphytic bryophytes protection and utilization. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Vertical distribution and diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in the Colombian Amazon

ABSTRACTIntroduction. The purpose of this study was to analyse the variation in the vertical and spatial distribution of epiphytic bryophytes across four forests in the north-western Amazon. We sampled along the entire vertical gradient from tree base to upper canopy in order to answer these questions: Is there vertical zonation? Is there a relationship between composition species and geographical distance?Methods. The vertical gradient was studied in 64 phorophytes, and each phorophyte was divided into six height zones. We used Detrended Corresponded Analysis for plot ordination and Permutation Multivariate Analysis of Variance to analyse variation in species composition. The relationship between species composition and geographic distance was evaluated using a Mantel Test. We used Indicator species analysis to determine the preference of the species for each of the six height zones, and an ANOVA analysis to evaluate the significance of species richness per zone.Key results. There was a gradual differentiation of the bryophyte communities across the tree height zones. We identified 63 indicator species; the tree base had the highest number of indicator species, followed by the outer canopy.Conclusions. The strong influence of height zones on species assemblages revealed the importance of the environmental differences across the vertical gradient within a single tree. Epiphytic bryophyte communities are mainly structured according to the height zone of trees. The presence of a high percentage of indicator species across the Colombian Amazon is evidence to further support a high specificity of species for a particular microhabitat within the forest.

Indirect effects of hiking trails on the community structure and diversity of trunk-epiphytic bryophytes in an old-growth fir forest

Forest hiking trails may influence local microclimate and biodiversity, but the effects on community structure and diversity of epiphytic bryophytes on trees are currently unknown. Epiphytic bryophytes on 82 Abies faxoniana Rehder & Wilson tree trunks (41 along the hiking trail edge and 41 controls in the forest interior) were investigated at four heights from the ground (10, 50, 120, and 180 cm). At each site, air temperature and humidity were monitored for 1 year. The light radiation levels and air temperature were higher, and the canopy leaf area index and air humidity lower at the trail edge, indicating deterioration in microclimate, resulting from the trail establishment. The epiphytic bryophyte species richness, community cover, and mean cover of dendroid and pendent growth forms on trunks were significantly lower at the trail edge than the control site, suggesting that trail construction caused these reductions. One marked effect of the presence of the trail was the increase in some sun-loving species and decrease in shade-tolerant species. Moreover, the trail also slightly influenced species richness and epiphytic bryophyte cover at both community and species population levels along the height gradient. Comprehensive analyses showed that microclimate deterioration was mainly driven by the trail establishment, and that the change in micro-climate along the trail, rather than any host traits, played an important role in the declining epiphytic bryophyte community structure and diversity at the trail edge, confirming the initial hypothesis that the presence of a raised boardwalk (hiking trail) indirectly influences epiphytic bryophyte community and diversity by altering the microclimate.

Protective management of trees against debarking by deer negatively impacts bryophyte diversity

When wildlife populations become too large, they impact other flora and fauna within the ecosystems that they inhabit. For example, the recent rise in population numbers of sika deer in Japan has led to the stripping of bark from tree overstories in forested areas. This has led to protective management actions, such as wrapping the trunks of trees in wire mesh. The present study investigates the impact of this management action on epiphytic diversity at Mt. Ohdaigahara, which is one of the hotspots for bryophyte diversity in Japan. The correlation between the diversity of epiphytic bryophytes and environmental variables was examined, including the presence/absence of wire mesh protection. A generalized linear model showed that species richness and bryophyte cover was significantly correlated with both tree diameter (at 1.5 m height) and tree density (P < 0.01), but negatively correlated with wire mesh protection. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry analysis showed a significant 3- to 6-fold higher concentration of zinc in bryophytes occupying tree bark under wire mesh protection than for those without wire mesh. Hence, the high sensitivity of bryophytes to zinc accumulation, as a result of toxicity caused by galvanized iron mesh, has led to the loss of species richness and bryophyte cover on tree trunks. Furthermore, other heavy metals found in wire mesh may also contribute to the negative effect on bryophytes. Therefore, to establish best practices for biodiversity conservation that include bryophytes, materials that are free of heavy metals should be preferentially used for tree protection.

The effect of stand structure and tree species composition on epiphytic bryophytes in mixed deciduous–coniferous forests of Western Hungary

The effect of tree species, stand structure, landscape and historical variables was studied on the species composition, species richness and cover of epiphytic bryophyte assemblages in mixed deciduous–coniferous forests of Western Hungary. Stand and tree level assemblages were analyzed by ordinations and generalized linear modeling in 35 70–110 year old stands of different management regimes. Bryophytes showed a considerable preference to different host trees, so that stand level diversity of bryophyte assemblages was determined mainly by tree species diversity, and their composition by tree species composition. Cover and diversity of epiphytic bryophytes were the highest on oaks ( Quercus petraea and Quercus robur), and the lowest on Scotch pine ( Pinus sylvestris). The presence of sapling (shrub) layer increased, whereas a large number of medium sized trees decreased bryophyte species richness in this study. Tree size was much less influential which is explained by the lack of large, veteran trees. Forest management maintaining tree species diversity, structural heterogeneity and temporal continuity of the stands could considerably contribute to the conservation of this organism group. Selective cutting is more appropriate for these conservational purposes than shelterwood management system.

Analysis of the epiphytic bryophyte diversity of Sicily

Sicilian epiphytic bryophyte diversity, based on literature and unpublished data, is assessed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The total number of taxa found on trees or shrubs is 133 (116 mosses and 17 liverworts). Among them, 38 are customary epiphytic, 21 cortico‐saxicolous, 13 are indifferent and 61 occasionally epiphytic taxa. The most represented families are Orthotrichaceae (19.1%), which consists above all of several typically corticicolous species, Pottiaceae (19.1%) and Brachytheciaceae (12.6%) which both include many taxa that mainly colonize rock or ground substrates. From the chorological point of view, temperate taxa (33.8%) prevail, followed by oceanic‐Mediterranean taxa (22.6%). An analysis of variations in species diversity along an altitudinal gradient (0–2000 m a.s.l.) shows that the number of taxa is more elevated between 800 and 1100 m. This range is especially rich in customary epiphytes. The geographical distribution of taxa highlights that the majority of taxa is found on main mountainous systems, bryoflora of which also has a high degree of diversification. The northern ranges of the Madonie and Nebrodi are particularly rich territories; however, some isolated mounts also present a considerable species diversity. These areas, therefore, are of notable interest for the conservation of epiphytic bryophytes.

EPIPHYTIC BRYOPHYTE DIVERSITY IN OAK WOODLANDS OF CENTRE AND NORTHERN PORTUGAL. FIRST ANALYSES FROM A NATIONAL SURVEY

EPIPHYTIC BRYOPHYTE DIVERSITY IN OAK WOODLANDS OF CENTRE AND NORTHERN PORTUGAL. FIRST ANALYSES FROM A NATIONAL SURVEY

Forest age and management effects on epiphytic bryophyte communities in Adirondack northern hardwood forests, New York, U.S.A.

The objective of this study was to assess the influence of substrate heterogeneity on epiphytic bryophyte communities in northern hardwood forests of varying disturbance histories. Specifically, we compared bryophyte abundance (m2·ha–1) and community composition among partially cut; maturing, 90- to 100-year-old, even-aged; and old-growth northern hardwood stands in Adirondack Park, New York, U.S.A. Total bryophyte cover from 0 to 1.5 m above ground level on trees [Formula: see text]10 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) did not differ among the three stand types. However, bryophyte community composition differed among host tree species and among stand types. Communities in partially cut and maturing stands were dominated by xerophytic bryophytes (Platygyrium repens, Frullania eboracensis, Hypnum pallescens, Brachythecium reflexum, Ulota crispa), while old-growth stands contained a greater representation of calcicoles and mesophytic species (Brachythecium oxycladon, Anomodon rugelii, Porella platyphylloidea, Anomodon attenuatus, Leucodon brachypus, Neckera pennata). This mesophyte-calcicole assemblage occurred in all stand types but was limited by the abundance of large-diameter (&gt;50 cm DBH), thick-barked, hardwood host trees (Acer saccharum Marsh., Tilia americana L., Fraxinus americana L.). This study suggested that epiphytic bryophyte diversity can be sustained and enhanced in managed northern hardwood forests by maintaining host tree species diversity and retaining large or old, thick-barked residual hardwood stems when applying even-aged and uneven-aged silviculture systems.

Epiphytic Bryophyte Diversity in Primary and Secondary Lowland Rainforests in Southeastern Brazil

Epiphytic Bryophyte Diversity in Primary and Secondary Lowland Rainforests in Southeastern Brazil

Diversity of Epiphytic Bryophytes on Three Host Tree Species, Thermal Meadow, Hotsprings Island, Queen Charlotte Islands, Canada

Three tree species (Picea sitchensis, Thuja plicata, and Tsuga heterophylla) near hot springs were examined for epiphytic bryophyte abundance and diversity on Queen Charlotte Islands. Cover was recorded at four heights up to 5 m, and on branches on the north and south sides of each tree. Eleven species of mosses and 25 species of hepatics were found. Cover was greater for mosses than hepatics but mosses had lower beta diversity. Bryophyte species composition differed by tree species, with species richness increasing in the order Tsuga, Picea, and Thuja. The similarity of mosses, and the dissimilarity of hepatics, on the north and south sides of trees, suggest relatively subtle diferences in moisture conditions. Ordinations indicate that epiphytic bryophytes followed a tree-position gradient that is closely related to a vertical gradient. Several species typical of log and forest floor habitats were found as branch epiphytes. Our findings support the previous observation that the vertical gradient in species composition parallels macroclimatic and successional gradients.