Epidemiology Of Basal Cell Carcinoma Research Articles

An Epidemiology Study and Risk of Subsequent Basal Cell Carcinoma, A 5-year Retrospective Investigation

Background: This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and the probability of having another lesion in patients diagnosed with BCC. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted from 2015 to 2017, based on the data from patients with definitive diagnoses of BCC in two university hospitals in Birjand. In this study, 85 patients with BCC were selected based on pre-defined inclusion criteria and then divided into two groups, including single and subsequent asynchronous lesions in another anatomic area. In this study, the information was collected by census method from diagnosed patients two years after surgery. The subsequent lesions in other anatomical areas were investigated, then tumor risk factors were compared in the two groups. Results: The mean age of the patients was 67.83 ± 12.29, and the youngest and the oldest patients were 38 and 92 years old, respectively. Among the studied patients, 75.3% had a history of sun exposure. The most common occupations of the patients were farmer, rancher, and housekeeper. Head and neck regions were involved in 96.5%. The patients with subsequent asynchronous BCC in another facial skin region were 10.6% (CI95: 4.06 - 17.14). These patients have been subject to several simultaneous risk factors in their medical history; most of them were farmers older than 65 years. Two patients experienced three lesions in three different anatomical regions at different times. There was no statically significant difference between the two groups regarding mean age (P = 0.47), gender (P = 0.73), pathologic subtype (P = 0.06), and other risk factors (P > 0.05). Conclusions: This study confirms the likelihood of having a subsequent lesion in other anatomical regions in patients diagnosed with BCC. Patients with a history of BCC require prolonged follow-up because of the probability of new BCC developing.

Epidemiology of Basal Cell Carcinoma – Observations of One Department

Abstract Introduction. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant skin cancer. It is one of the so-called nonmelanoma skin cancers, the incidence of which has increased rapidly worldwide in recent years. Unfortunately, the National Cancer Registry in Poland does not classify basal cell skin cancer separately. Therefore, the precise data on the incidence in the population remain unknown. Work objective. Retrospective analysis of the incidence of basal cell carcinoma in NZOZ Med-Laser in Lublin in the years 2005 – 2015 depending on gender, age group, place of residence (urban-rural) and clinical form of the disease. Material and methodology. The data of NZOZ Med-Laser from the years 2005 - 2015 were used in the study. The data concern all patients with histopathologically diagnosed basal cell carcinoma, who during the period covered by the study were consulted either as outpatients or hospitalised in an institution providing dermatological services under contract with the National Health Fund (NFZ). Patients were divided into several groups depending on gender, age and place of residence. All groups were compared quantitatively and the results are shown in the figures below. Results. The data collected indicate that between 2005 and 2015 a total of 922 patients with basal cell carcinoma received dermatological treatment. Over the years, there has been a clear increase in the number of patients with basal cell carcinoma. The disease occurred mainly in people over 59 years of age, with the majority of women living in cities. The most common locations of the cancer are nose, cheeks, forehead and temporal area. Histopathologically, solidum, superficiale, exulceratum and pseudoadenoides were the most frequently diagnosed forms. Conclusions. Basal cell carcinoma of the skin is frequent in our society. Its incidence has been increasing in recent years. Therefore, action should be taken to create consistent international registries to gather reliable epidemiological data that would show the scale of the problem, which we are dealing with almost all over the world.

Epidemiology of BCC and cSCC in the U.K. 2013‐15

The two most common types of skin cancer (tumour) are called basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). BCC and cSCC have previously been removed from U.K. national cancer statistics, collected by cancer registries, because it was difficult to accurately estimate tumour counts. Improvements to registry data collection of BCC and cSCC since 2013 have resulted in the largest and most complete dataset of BCC and cSCC in the world. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide better estimates of BCC and cSCC tumour counts using registry data in the U.K. This study confirms that skin cancers are four times more common than any other cancer in the U.K. The authors were able to show that BCCs and cSCCs affected over 210,000 people in the U.K in 2015 with BCCs affecting 3 in 1000 people and cSCCs affecting 1 in 1000 people in 2015 alone. As they most commonly affect elderly people, it is not surprising that incidence rates are increasing by around 5% per year. Although they are less dangerous than melanomas and therefore there is less public awareness of BCC and cSCC, together, they are more than ten times more common than melanomas. This study exposes the previously unreported burden of skin cancers in the U.K. and highlights the importance of skin cancer prevention through protection against excessive ultraviolet radiation through natural (sunshine) or unnatural (tanning booths) exposure.

Epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma: a 10-year comparative study

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a slow-growing and locally aggressive skin cancer. Despite its high incidence, good quality epidemiological data are sparse. We therefore organised a retrospective study of two separate years’ incidence of BCC in one county within the United Kingdom (Dorset) with an interval of 10 years between them. There were 2455 patients in 2006, and 3797 in 2016, who had a new diagnosis with corresponding crude incidences of 459.99 and 491.92/100,000 person-years. The male:female ratio was 1:071 for both years. The head and neck was the most common site, with the cheek, nose, and forehead being the most common subsites. This is a substantial increase in the incidence of BCC, and is much higher than previous reported rates for the UK. More stringent local and national registries are required to monitor the increasing numbers of BCC and help health care systems to plan preventive strategies and provide the most effective treatment.

Epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma in the United Kingdom: incidence, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities.

Background:Little is known about the epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma (BCC).Methods:Using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we calculated annual incidence rates. In a case–control analysis, we examined lifestyle factors and comorbidities.Results:Incidence rose significantly between 2000 and 2011. Basal cell carcinoma risk was increased in alcohol drinkers (slightly) and immunocompromised patients, but reduced in smokers and individuals with abnormal weight.Conclusions:Basal cell carcinoma places a growing public health burden. Lifestyle factors do not play a major role in pathogenesis, but immunosuppression is important.

Epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma in Lithuania, 1996-2010

Nonmelanoma skin cancer is the most common cancer among the white population. To describe the epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in Lithuania by analysing population-based incidence, with special emphasis on sex- and subsite-specific changes over time. Data from the Lithuanian Cancer Registry for the period 1996-2010 were used to analyse trends in the incidence rates for BCC. Only the first case of BCC per patient was included in this analysis. Age-standardized rates were calculated for both sexes. Standardization was performed using the direct method (European standard population). Since 1996, overall BCC incidence rates have increased from 27.4 to 46.0 cases per 100,000 in Lithuania. In 1996, the incidence of BCC was higher among women than men (28.2 vs. 27.6 per 100,000, respectively). Incidence of BCC during the study period increased faster among men than among women (by 3.3% and 2.6% per year, respectively), while the incidence among both sexes in 2010 became almost equal -46.4 among men and 47.4 among women per 100,000. The head and neck was the most common site of BCCs for both sexes (31.0 and 32.9 per 100,000 among men and women, respectively). The incidence of BCC in Lithuania is lower than that reported in Northern and Western Europe. The population-based data for BCC from Lithuania are closely comparable, with regard to age, tumour localization and place of residence, with the existing literature from other European cancer registries.

Differences in age and topographic distribution of the different histological subtypes of basal cell carcinoma, Taubaté (SP), Brazil

BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of cancer in humans. OBJECTIVES To identify the epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma in Taubaté-SP and verify a possible association between topography and the different histological subtypes of this tumor. METHODSThis was a cross-sectional study conducted at The University Hospital of Taubaté between 01/01/08 and 12/31/09. The study included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma, of both genders, without age restrictions. The variables studied were incidence of basal cell carcinoma, topography, histological subtype, skin color, age and gender. We employed the chi-square test to identify the association between histological subtype and topography, and the student's t test to compare the mean age of onset for the different histological subtypes. RESULTS The study included 239 individuals. The mean age of the sample was 68.0 years. Male subjects (57.7%) and whites (87.1%) predominated in the study. The predominant histological subtype was nodular (34.7%), followed by the superficial subtype. The most frequent sites of involvement were the head and neck (areas exposed to light), with predominance of the nasal region. The superficial subtype was an exception, as it showed a strong association with unexposed areas like the trunk. The mean age of onset of superficial basal cell carcinoma also differed from that of the other histological subtypes, 63.0 and 69.0 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONThe results of this study suggest an association of the superficial histological subtype with younger patients and unexposed areas of the body, linking this type of tumor with a pattern of intermittent sun exposure, more similar to the standard photocarcinogenesis of melanoma.

Actinic Neoplasia Syndrome and an Update on the Epidemiology of Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and Actinic Keratosis

Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer in the world, and the incidence is rising. Accurate measures of prevalence and incidence are difficult to obtain and verify, however, because most countries do not keep registries for NMSC. Actinic neoplasia syndrome conceptualizes multiple NMSCs, as well as other signs of extensive ultraviolet radiation exposure, as a chronic illness, rather than a series of individual events. We provide an overview of the epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, as well as actinic keratosis, another exceedingly common consequence of ultraviolet radiation. We also discuss actinic neoplasia syndrome and its implications for patient care.

Epidemiologia do carcinoma basocelular

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant neoplasm in humans and its incidence has increased over the last decades. Its high frequency significantly burdens the health system, making the disease a public health issue. Despite the low mortality rates and the rare occurrence of metastases, the tumor may be locally invasive and relapse after treatment, causing significant morbidity. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation is the main environmental risk factor associated with its cause. However, other elements of risk are described, such as light skin phototypes, advanced age, family history of skin carcinoma, light eyes and blond hair, freckles in childhood and immunosuppression. Behavioral aspects such as occupational sun exposure, rural labor and sunburns at a young age also play a role. Between 30% and 75% of the sporadic cases are associated with patched hedgehog gene mutation, but other genetic changes are also described. The tumor is commonly found in concomitance with skin lesions related to chronic sun exposure, such as actinic keratoses, solar lentigines and facial telangiectasia. The prevention of basal cell carcinoma is based on the knowledge of risk factors, early diagnosis and treatment, as well as on the adoption of specific measures, particularly in susceptible populations. The authors present a review of the epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma.

Descriptive epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in Soria (north-eastern Spain) 1998-2000: a hospital-based survey.

Better knowledge of the epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) will allow the development of more effective diagnostic and preventive measures. We have reviewed the clinical records of patients from the 'Hospital General de Soria' who were diagnosed with BCC and/or SCC (lower lip included) by histopathology between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 2000. Recurrences and diagnostic duplicities (tumours first biopsied and then excised) were excluded. The mean age was 71.4 years for BCC subjects and significantly older, 77.3 years, for SCC subjects. Photoexposed skin areas accounted for 92.6% and 93.8% of BCC and SCC tumours, respectively. The crude incidence rate for the population of 100 000 was 148.27 for BCC and 58.24 for SCC. The age-adjusted incidence rate (adjusted for world standard population) was 57.97 and 17.87 years, respectively. Subjects with superficial BCC were significantly younger than the rest of the BCC patients and their tumours were located on non-photoexposed skin. The ears and dorsum of the hands were the almost exclusive locations of SCC. Our results should be compared with those to be obtained in future years to determine trends in the descriptive epidemiology of BCC and SCC.

Epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid in south-western Finland.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant tumour of the skin in Caucasians. It often appears on the eyelids but there are no population-based studies on the incidence of BCC of the eyelid in Nordic countries. The mean annual incidence rates of BCC of the eyelid in the region of South-Western Finland from 1977 to 1997 were calculated. The mean annual incidence (per 100,000 population) of BCC of the eyelid showed a statistically significant increase from 0.82 (in 1977-1979) to 2.88 (in 1995-1997). The incidence of BCC of the eyelid was 0.8 in the age group of 30-49 years and rose significantly with age (P < 0.0005) to the maximum of 17.2 in the age group of 80-89 years. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence rates of BCC of eyelid between males and females or between urban, semi-urban and rural populations. In South-Western Finland the incidence of BCC of the eyelids more than tripled during the years from 1977 to 1997. This may be due to the increase of the elderly population, because the incidence showed a significant increase with age.

Epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the pinna.

This is a retrospective study designed to compare the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the head and neck skin area with special reference to the pinna. The results showed 426 patients had 460 cutaneous malignancies in the head and neck area, managed by four specialties (ENT, Dermatology, General Surgery and GPs) over the period 1994-99. The lesions comprised 375 (80.47 per cent) BCC and 85 (18.47 per cent) SCC. In cases of BCC the facial areas were commonly involved (88 per cent), whilst SCC was almost equally distributed between the most (face, forehead and nose) and least exposed areas (pinna and scalp). The overall ratio of BCC to SCC remained four to one in the head and neck area. In 41 patients with 51 lesions over the pinna there were 29 (56.8 per cent) BCC and 22 (43.1 per cent) SCC hence the ratio was 1.3 to 1 for this site. We conclude that in the case of a suspicious lesion over the pinna, the risk of SCC is comparatively much higher. With increasing awareness of early and quick diagnosis of cancer cases, it is recommended that these patients should be referred urgently to prevent the significant morbidity associated with invasive SCC.

DNA repair and epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma

In a molecular epidemiological study of DNA repair, host reactivation assay was used to measure the DNA repair capacity of cryopreserved lymphocytes from 88 primary basal cell carcinoma (BCC) patients and 135 cancer-free controls. In this study population, reduced repair of ultraviolet radiation-induced DNA damage contributed to the risk of sunlight-induced BCC. A family history of BCC is associated with low DNA repair. Repair of ultraviolet radiation-damaged DNA declines at a rate of approximately 1%/year in noncancerous controls. Reduced DNA repair is more likely seen in young BCC patients, indicating that BCC is a premature aging disease of the skin. The persistence of photochemical damage because of reduced repair results in point mutations in the p53 gene and allelic loss of the nevoid BCC gene located on chromosome 9q. Xeroderma pigmentosum appears to be a valid paradigm for the role of DNA repair in BCC in the general population.