Epidemiologic Study Of Suicide Research Articles

An epidemiologic study of suicide among firefighters: Findings from the National Violent Death Reporting System, 2003 - 2017

Suicide is a significant concern among fire service due to high rates of suicide behaviors. The aim of this study was to describe suicides among firefighters using national suicide death data. Data from the National Violent Death Reporting System for 722 firefighters and 192,430 non-firefighters were analyzed to compare sociodemographics and risk factors between firefighter and non-firefighter decedents; and among firefighters based on suicide means. A greater proportion of firefighter decedents died by firearm compared to non-firefighters. Firefighter decedents were less likely to have been diagnosed with depression, but more likely to have been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder compared to non-firefighters. A greater percentage of firefighter decedents had a relationship or physical health problem prior to death, but a lower percentage had a history of suicide thoughts/attempts. Among firefighter decedents, multivariate analysis showed physical health problems and disclosing suicide intent predicted death by firearm. Greater awareness of risk factors, reduced access to lethal means, and ensuring access to behavioral health services may aide in decreasing suicide mortality in this population. These findings should be interpreted with caution due to limitations concerning report accuracy, generalizability, small female sample size, and inclusion of data only for lethal suicide attempts.

Epidemiological study of suicide by physical methods between 1993 and 2013 in Ilam province, Iran

BackgroundSuicide by aggressive physical methods such as firearms, hanging, and jumping is well known; however, different factors may influence a person while selecting a particular method. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological factors involved in the selection and use of different physical methods for suicide over a long-term period in Ilam province, Iran.MethodsThe present study was conducted retrospectively between 1993 and 2013 using recorded data from a comprehensive system for registration of suicide attempts in Ilam University of Medical Sciences. The epidemiological characteristics included person, time and place variables, and the outcomes of the suicide attempts. The chi square, univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used for data analysis.ResultsTotally, 1516 suicide attempts were evaluated (the annual incidence rate: 19/100,000 individuals). The most commonly used suicide method in females (88.4%) and males (38.9%) was self-immolation. Furthermore, the annual incidence rate among males and females was within the age group of 15–24 years (24.6 and 47.8/100,000 individuals). The risk of death by suicide in the age group of 55–64 years was 2.93 compared with the age group of 10–14 years (OR = 2.93; 95% CI = 0.64–13.54, P = 0.168).ConclusionThis study revealed that self-immolation was the most selected physical method of suicide and had the highest incidence rate, and inflicted the survivors with severe physical and mental complications. In order to reduce the use of physical methods, especially self-immolation, life skills training becomes more important than ever.

Psychological autopsies, suicide and psychopathological significance (Results of a survey of mental health from 2000 to 2008 in east of Algeria)

This is an epidemiological study of suicide in East of Algeria (15 wilayas) through psychological autopsies (from 2000 to 2008) or more variables were studied to establish a standard profile of suicide in Algeria. The variables studied were: age, sex, occupation, place of residence, the existence of life events, psychiatric history and possibly a history of TS, a source of information (from whom we collected Information: father, mother, brother, sister…) and the proceeds used for suicide. In total, we identified 1263 cases of suicide with age 15 and older occurred in populations of East of Algeria during the period 2000 to 2008. The conclusion focuses on the emergence of certain variables can be risk factors namely age between 30 and 45 years, male gender, social and financial difficulties especially difficult life, the presence of a psychiatric diagnosis on axis 1 of DSM-IV and finally the lack of access to primary care in urban areas.Finally, the authors highlight the prevalence per 100,000 population per wilaya and the average prevalence for the whole of east of Algeria.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Epidemiological Study of Suicide in Khuzestan Province, South West of Iran, during 2011 to 2014.

Aim of the study: Suicide is a worldwide major public health problem. This study was carried out in Khuzestan province for the examination of the epidemiology of suicide. Material and methods: This is a descriptive-cross-sectional study on epidemiology of suicide in 23 township of Khuzestan provinces, during 2011 to 2014. Data were collected from records in Mental Health Units in Khuzestan Province which has located in South West of Iran. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-22 software. Results: from 11180 recorded suicides, about 60% were female and about 40% were male. The cumulative incidence of suicide attempts was estimated 339/100,000.The highest suicide rate was from the city of Masjed Soleiman with an annual average incidence of 327/100,000 cases of suicide. Most common method of suicide was drug abuse (279/100,000) and most common method of Completed Suicides was hanging (7/100,000). The most important motivation of the suicide was related to Familial discords by 72/100,000 of suicide attempts and 4/100,000 cases of suicide deaths and the highest incidence occurred among the people in the age range of 24-18 years. The suicide attempts and suicide deaths increased over studied years. Conclusions: According to the results, the most common suicide method was drug abuse and the family discord was the most motivated suicide. Moreover, highest incidence of suicide was among the age group of 18-24 years. Educational programs should be provided in fields of problem solving skills and crisis management in relation to life problems. Also facilitating access to specialized psychological and psychiatric services, and appropriate intervention plans is essential.

Epidemiological study of suicide in the Republic of Croatia – comparison of war and post-war periods and areas directly and indirectly affected by war

We examined the differences in the suicide characteristics between areas directly and indirectly affected by war activities and in war and post-war periods according to the following variables: suicide rate, sex, age and method of suicide. Analysis was done on 5349 suicides committed in the period 1993–1998 (war and post-war years). The suicide rates in the Republic of Croatia oscillated in the pre-war, war and post-war periods (1985–2000) but without significant differences. In the areas directly affected by war, the suicide rate was significantly lower than in other areas during the study period 1993–1998 (chi-square = 10.3245; P = 0.0017). The number of suicides in both sexes declined in the areas directly affected by war—more in men than in women; the difference between sexes was statistically significant (chi-square = 3.6697; P = 0.055). Middle- and old-aged people were the population with high suicide risk in both areas ( t = 1.76; P = 0.078). There were significant differences in the methods of suicides between war and non-war areas (chi-square = 108.8473; P = 0.001). Firearms or explosive devices were the methods used more significantly for suicides in the areas directly affected by war than in other areas, whereas hanging was more frequently used in the areas indirectly affected by war.

Suicide in Peacekeepers: An Epidemiological Study of Suicide in 22,275 Veterans from Norwegian Peacekeeping Operations

Suicide in Peacekeepers: An Epidemiological Study of Suicide in 22,275 Veterans from Norwegian Peacekeeping Operations

Violent deaths as a leading cause of mortality: an epidemiologic study of suicide, homicide, and accidents.

In the United States violent deaths (suicide, homicide, and accidents) are the leading cause of deaths in people aged 1-39 and the third leading cause of death for people of all ages. Violent death rates have tended to decrease since 1900. Among 15-24-year-olds, however, the violent death rate is currently the highest ever recorded in this country, and suicide and homicide rates among people aged 5-14 and 15-24 are as high or higher than any previous recordings. The quantity of expected life lost through violent deaths is greater than that for any other cause of death.

Suicide by vehicular crash.

The authors evaluated data on 182 fatally injured and 96 nonfatally injured drivers involved in vehicular crashes over a 6-year period. Only 1.7% of the total fatal crashes were considered to have been suicides, and 1% of the nonfatal crashes were deemed suicide attempts. Neither group of drivers had unusually high incidences of previous suicidal ideation or behavior, but both groups tended to be socially deviant, with above average levels of psychopathology and social aggressiveness. Crash victims in both groups also had poor driving records and high rates of alcohol abuse, findings that have important implications for accident prevention.

An epidemiological study of suicide and attempted suicide among the Papago Indians.

An epidemiological study of suicide among the Papago Indians of the desert Southwest was conducted oven a three-year period. Data gathered from several sources showed that this tribe's suicide rate exceeded that for the nation but was not as high as rates reported for other tribes. Most of the suicide victims were young men who had problems with alcohol. Papagos who lived on the reservation were found to complete suicide less often than their urban counterparts.