Aeolian Sand Research Articles

Holocene aeolian-fluvial interactions patterns and their response to climate changes in the Paiku Co basin, Southern Tibetan Plateau

Aeolian-fluvial processes are crucial in shaping landforms. Despite the advancements in understanding the sedimentary processes of aeolian-fluvial interactions, the sedimentary patterns of these interactions are complex in spatiotemporal scale, and the records of Holocene small-scale aeolian-fluvial interaction sedimentary is insufficient, especially in the Tibetan Plateau region. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the sedimentary patterns of aeolian-fluvial interactions and their response to climate change in the Paiku Co basin of the southern Tibetan Plateau (TP). Through the examination of aeolian-fluvial sequences, Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating is utilized to establish a chronological framework. Furthermore, proxy indices are explored to identify potential sediment models and their reactions to climate change. The findings indicate that fluvial activity predominated during a relatively warm and wet period around 5.1–4.6 ka, while thicker aeolian sands accumulated extensively during 4.6–4.1 ka as the climate transitioned to cold and dry conditions. On a millennial scale, the aeolian-fluvial interaction sedimentation is characterized by alternating deposition of clay layers and medium to fine sand. This sedimentation pattern is predominantly influenced by climate change. Overall, the findings shed light on the complex coupling between aeolian and fluvial processes in response to past climate changes, which has important implications for understanding the landscape evolution and environmental changes in this sensitive high-altitude region.

Latest Triassic Active Aeolian Dune Field Preserved by CAMP‐Related Lava Flows

ABSTRACTFieldwork investigations and stratigraphic analyses in the Parnaíba Basin, northern Brazil, reveal the interaction of the uppermost part of the Triassic Sambaíba aeolian dune field (erg) system with the latest Triassic–earliest Jurassic Mosquito lava flows. The lava flows originated as part of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP, ~201 Ma) and covered the aeolian system, allowing almost complete preservation of large‐scale in situ aeolian bedforms, even preserving lee‐ and stoss‐side. During the emplacement, the lava flows interacted with unconsolidated aeolian sediment, generating sediment–lava deformation features that are preserved at the interface between these units. This occurrence attests to arid conditions in the low latitudes of Gondwana at the Triassic–Jurassic transition.

Decoupling Distribution of n-Alkanes in Aeolian Sand and Vegetation of the Northern Ulan Buh Desert, China: Insight into Organic Matter Preservation in Arid Regions.

Fallen leaves and their decomposition directly deposit leaf wax n-alkanes into sediments, which can be used to identify local flora. These n-alkanes are important for studying past vegetation and climate, but their distribution in sediments must be known. Aeolian sand n-alkanes are particularly important for understanding paleoclimates in arid regions, despite the challenges of extraction due to their extremely low abundance. To investigate the preservation of plant leaf wax n-alkanes in deserts, we analyzed n-alkanes in aeolian sands from the Northern Ulan Buh Desert (UBD), China, and compared them to the surrounding vegetation. We calculated the total n-alkane concentration (ΣALK), average chain length (ACL21-35), and carbon preference index (CPI21-35). In the Northern UBD, aeolian sand n-alkanes have lower ΣALK, indicating microbial degradation. The eastern aeolian sand has lower CPI21-35 and ACL21-35 than the adjacent vegetation, whereas the western sand values are consistent with the plants, likely due to the transport of plant-derived materials by wind and water from the nearby mountains. Our study shows that sedimentary n-alkane signatures are not only determined by local vegetation but also influenced by environmental factors like temperature and precipitation. Additionally, local deposition processes play a significant role in determining the properties of these n-alkanes.

Aeolian sand cover on a granite peninsula (Hammeren, Bornholm, Baltic Sea) formed in three episodes during the past 11,600 years

Aeolian sand covers a significant part of the granite peninsula Hammeren on northernmost Bornholm in the Baltic Sea. The coastline of Hammeren is rocky and apart from one relative wide and sandy pocket beach at the east coast only few, small and gravelly pocket beaches exist. The aeolian deposits form three sand covers that stretch inland from the east and northwestern facing coasts of Hammeren. The largest sand cover forms a rising sand plain that cover the granitic landscape up to 700 m inland and reaches up to 60 m above sea level. Historical sources mention aeolian sand movement around CE 1775 in the middle of the Little Ice Age, but until this study no absolute age control has been available to confirm these observations. Luminescence dating of selected sample sites indicates that aeolian sand movement took place in three episodes. The first episode was in the last part of the Younger Dryas at about 11,500 BP, the second episode was in the Danish Late Bronze Age at about 2700 BP, and the youngest episode was indeed during the Little Ice Age around 200 BP (CE 1750). These episodes with aeolian activity all fall during relatively cold climatic intervals and add support to previous studies indicating a link between cold climates an increased storminess in Northwest Europe including the southern Baltic Sea region.

Character and Evolution of Sunken Groundwater-Harvesting Agroecosystems in Aeolian Sand since Early Islamic Times, between Iran and Iberia

ABSTRACT By reviewing traditional, sunken, groundwater-harvesting agroecosystems (SGHAS) in coastal and inland aeolian sand situated in Iran, Egypt, Gaza Strip, Algeria and Iberia, coupled with image interpretation and geospatial analysis, we study the innovation and function of recently excavated Early Islamic (EI; tenth-twelfth century), Plot-and-Berm agroecosystems along the southeastern Mediterranean coast of Israel. The SGHAS and EI agroecosystems, usually affiliated with nearby towns, possess an aeolian sand substrate enrichened with urban refuse and/or organic material. The long-term investment in SGHAS attained profitable water security in the form of temporally continuous, shallow groundwater, replenished by rainfall. The crops in SGHASs include a wide range of vegetables, watermelons, dates and grapes, implying that the EI crops were partly or fully different. The spotty, historic appearance of SGHAS since the fifteenth–sixteenth centuries temporally lags after the abandonment of the EI agroecosystems, does not support spatial and temporal connectivity of sand agriculture knowledge, but probably exemplifies the appearance of site-specific ingenuities derived from growing agro-technological knowledge, crop variety and needs for food security. This study demonstrates the importance of traditional analogues for interpreting research gaps of archaeological, agricultural landscapes and provides insight for establishing traditionally-based, sustainable agriculture in sand.

A Regional Paleoclimate Record of the Tropical Aeolian Sands during the Last Deglaciation in Hainan, China

The KLD segment of the Kenweiyuan section in Wenchang, Hainan, China is a set of aeolian sand deposits of the Last Deglaciation. The chemical element and heavy mineral analysis performed in this study reveals the chemical index of alteration (CIA) in the segment to be as high as 93–95, with all the heavy minerals identified as stable and extremely stable making up 38–45% of the total. Furthermore, the zircon, tourmaline, and rutile content (ZTR index) of the segment is determined to range between 48–71. The (Al2O3 + TOFE)/SiO2 ratios display obvious fluctuations from old to new strata in the segment, with the low values corresponding to Heinrich event (H1), Dansgaard-Oeschager (D-O), and Younger Dryas (YD) and the high values corresponding to Bølling and Allerød. Our study suggests that these fluctuations are attributed to the alternation of the East Asian winter and summer monsoons. Hainan Island is also impacted by the surface ocean climate of the South China Sea, and characteristics of the KLD segment may be connected to the climate changes in the North Atlantic related to the winter monsoon season or westerlies. Furthermore, the segment presents a clear response to millennium-scale climate changes during the Last Deglaciation on Hainan Island. Based on the high CIA values in the KLD segment, and particularly due to the observed stable detrital minerals, the ratios can be linked to the overall tropical climate, indicating a relatively warm tropical climate environment in the Last Deglaciation in Hainan. The high CIA values also reveal the cause of aeolian sand formation under the tropical environmental conditions in the low latitude region of China in the Late Quaternary.

Enhancing aeolian sand stability using microbially induced calcite precipitation technology

This study investigates the effectiveness of Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) technology in enhancing the stability of aeolian sand. Applying MICP to desert sand samples from Kashi, Xinjiang, the results demonstrated significant structural stability and erosion resistance in treated soils during wind erosion tests. Particularly after 14 days of treatment, the soil samples exhibited optimal wind erosion resistance and surface crust strength. Additionally, the formation of calcite significantly improved the soil’s penetration strength and wind erosion resistance, with SEM analysis confirming that calcite “bridges” between soil particles enhanced inter-particle bonding. Environmental impact assessments indicated that MICP technology is not only environmentally friendly but also effectively reduces the risk of soil environmental pollution. These findings validate the potential application of MICP technology in enhancing the stability and environmental adaptability of aeolian sand.

Speculation on an early Pleistocene origin of the Parker dunes of southwest Arizona, USA

The Parker Dunes in western Arizona, USA represent the largest dune system in the Sonoran Desert. This study presents a simple 10Be-26Al cosmogenic burial age of 1.90 ± 0.20 Ma, obtained from well cuttings 240–270 m deep in Butler Valley, just east of the dune field. Given the large errors associated with burial dating, we can only speculate that this oldest known aeolian sediment within the Parker Dunes is roughly concurrent with the Bat Cave flood event ca. 2.1 Ma of the nearby Colorado River, as well as regional climatic aridity during the early Pleistocene. Since older dune deposits may be present at other locations in the Parker Dunes, its origin dates back to at least the early Pleistocene. The more important, broader implication rests in highlighting the underutilized potential of well cuttings as a sediment source for cosmogenic burial dating in aeolian research.

Bending properties and damage evolution of fiber-reinforced aeolian sand backfill materials

Backfilling is a promising measure for controlling surface subsidence in mined-out areas and disposing solid wastes from the mineral processing, there are increasing demands of enhanced toughness and anti-cracking properties of backfill materials to prolong the service life under the complex loads. In this study, polypropylene (PP) fibers were employed to improve performance of backfills, four-point bending and uniaxial compression tests were conducted to investigate the failure process and damage evolution of fiber-reinforced aeolian-sand backfill materials (FABs) using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and Acoustic Emission (AE) techniques. The results show that the compressive strength tends to decrease with the increasing fiber volume fractions, while the four-point bending strength shows a tendency to increase initially and then decrease, and the optimum volume fraction of PP fiber is 0.6%. At the optimal fiber volume fraction, PP fibers with lengths of 3 mm and 9 mm resulted in a 65.25% and 81.62% increase in the four-point bending strength of FABs, respectively. As indicated by DIC measurements, PP fibers with a length of 9 mm were more effective in controlling the horizontal and vertical displacements of FABs under four-point bending loads than that of 3 mm, and the cracks developed more slowly at the same deflection. In addition, PP fibers with a length of 9 mm have stronger crack extension delay characteristics due to longer effective anchorage distance, as evidenced by more frequent acoustic emission ringing counts and higher cumulative ringing counts. The results of the study may provide a theoretical basis for the application of FABs materials in backfilling.

Effects of cement content, polypropylene fiber length and dosage on fluidity and mechanical properties of fiber-toughened cemented aeolian sand backfill

Effects of cement content, polypropylene fiber length and dosage on fluidity and mechanical properties of fiber-toughened cemented aeolian sand backfill

Evolution and hydro-stratigraphy of the coastal aquifer in Garopaba/SC: Interpretation from georadar and tubular wells

This work analyzes the geological evolution of sedimentary deposits in the coastal aquifer of Garopaba, south Brazil, using ground penetrating radar (GPR) and data from tubular wells. The aquifer is localized in the coastal plain, where Quaternary lagoon-barrier environments are set between the Precambrian crystalline mountains and the sea. Over ten tubular wells are scattered in urbanized areas, which highlights the vulnerability of the unconfined, granular shallow aquifer. The results show that the aquifer has lithologic units of local scale. Tubular well data show the basal limit of the aquifer overlying clayey layers between 30 and 40 m deep and intercalation of sand layers up to the surface, mostly fine to very fine sand, with metric thickness, secondary lenses of clay and minor occurrence of gravel. The radarfacies interpretation shows fluvial-estuarine deposits as a local hydrostratigraphic unit, with lateral accretion bars filling a NE-axis paleochannel. The basal surface of the channel is interpreted as the sequence boundary surface of the lagoon-barrier systems III (upper Pleistocene) and IV (Holocene). The geological evolution of the aquifer is related to the upper Pleistocene marine regression (120–18 ka), that caused the aerial exposure of the continental shelf, and the development of complex drainage channels, which were superimposed during the Holocene transgression by lagoon-barrier IV deposits. After the post-glacial transgression, the lowering of the RSL to the current level promoted the silting of part of the lagoon system by continental sedimentation and aeolian deposits composing the surface.

Fluvial-lacustrine influences on linear dune erosion at Lake Caroline in the Simpson Desert of Australia

Linear dunes are frequently examined with regard to their formation and maintenance; however, erosion or degradation of these landforms is less commonly addressed, due in part to the lack of observable changes in the geologic record. This study investigates the significant erosion of linear dunes along Lake Caroline, a playa in the northern Simpson Desert of central Australia. Field observations, laboratory analyses, and remote sensing imagery document recent fluvial and lacustrine interactions at Lake Caroline. Compositional and geochemical sediment analyses from three ∼2 m deep hand-augured sample sites indicate that the playa is primarily filled with sand from linear dunes, but also contains evaporite minerals and weathered local bedrock. Satellite images show that the playa has flooded at least 58 times since 2001. Our results indicate that present-day aeolian processes are sufficient to mobilize and transport sediment but are dominated by fluvial-lacustrine processes, resulting in the playa-adjacent dunes becoming isolated and starved of local sediment. As a result, the dunes are currently eroding into the playa which supports the conclusion that long-distance sediment transport is not responsible for the formation or maintenance of linear dunes as suggested by the linear due extension hypothesis. Burial dates from optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) indicate the linear dunes have been eroding for as much as 24 ka, and sediment samples from the playa near one linear dune suggest an onset of dune formation in the area before 58 ka. This work documents an instance in geologic time during the late Quaternary when aeolian, fluvial, and lacustrine processes are competing with one another, offering new insights into the dynamics of linear dunes in the arid Simpson Desert.

Schmidt number and turbulent structures in boundary layer aeolian sand transport

Schmidt number and turbulent structures in boundary layer aeolian sand transport

Provenance of Paleogene Strata at Slim Buttes, South Dakota: Implications for post-Laramide Evolution of Western Laurentia

Slim Buttes is a 30 km long by 10 km wide set of buttes containing Paleogene strata in northwest South Dakota. At Reva Gap in northern Slim Buttes, Eocene-Oligocene terrestrial strata of Chadron and Brule Formations of the White River Group unconformably overlie the Paleocene Fort Union Formation. An angular unconformity separates the White River Group from overlying Oligocene and Miocene strata of the Arikaree Group. Using detrital zircon U-Pb ages, we determine the provenance of these rocks as part of a broader synthesis of post-Laramide sedimentation in the Rocky Mountains and western Great Plains. The Chadron Formation age spectrum is dominated by Cretaceous and Proterozoic grains that are interpreted to be locally recycled from the underlying Cretaceous and Paleocene strata. The Brule Formation has a maximum depositional age of ~34 Ma; Paleogene zircons dominate the age spectrum, and a wide variety of older zircons are also present. The Oligocene zircons are interpreted to have been sourced from volcanic systems in the Great Basin to the southwest, while the subsequent proportions of the zircons were derived from a variety of source areas in the Nevadaplano and Rocky Mountain areas to the southwest. Sparse amounts of Archean zircons are thought to represent the burial of Laramide uplifts throughout Wyoming at the time of Brule deposition, making for a regional paleotopography with little relief across the western interior of the United States. The Miocene-age Arikaree Group sand has a maximum depositional age of ~26 Ma and a multimodal detrital zircon age spectrum. The Arikaree Group provenance likely represents continued sourcing in the Great Basin volcanic systems and Nevadaplano, the beginnings of the re-exhumation of Laramide basement uplifts, and subsequent sediment evacuation out of the western interior and into the Gulf of Mexico to the southeast. Our findings indicate that the transport process and detrital zircon provenance signatures of these strata are decoupled, and each have their own independent evolution. The volcanic signature is primarily transported via aeolian processes (i.e. volcanic ash), and the recycled detrital zircon signature is primarily transported via fluvial processes.

Storminess reconstruction in the northeastern Baltic Sea region over the past 7600 years based on aeolian sand influx into coastal bogs

This study aims to reconstruct the changes in storminess during the past 7600 years in the northeastern Baltic Sea region. For storminess reconstructions, aeolian sand influx (ASI) in coastal peat bog deposits was applied as an indicator of the past storminess. We analyzed cores from four peat bogs in the western and northern coastal areas of Estonia: the cores from Hiiumaa N, Hiiumaa SW, Saaremaa and Juminda study sites covered the past 3700, 3750, 2400, and 8400 years, respectively. The sediment chronologies were established using 36 14C dates. Image-analysis method ( ImageJ) was used to count and measure the grain size of all sand particles at every centimeter to gain high-resolution ASI records. Although minor site-to-site variations exist, all four ASI records were in general consistent, suggesting that stormier periods occurred around 7300, 6600, 5900, 4600, 3600, 2900, 2400, 2100, and 1600 cal yr BP and over the last 1200 years. The results and comparisons with other storminess and climate studies indicate a shift in climatic conditions around 2500 cal yr BP when stormy periods became more frequent. The ASI values were also high during the last millennium, suggesting either higher storminess or more suitable transport mechanisms for sand into the coastal bogs: the niveo-aeolian transport mode could have been favored in winters, especially during the Little Ice Age, and human impact on landscapes has probably increased over the past centuries.

Degradation mechanism and strength prediction of aeolian sand concrete under sulphate dry-wet cycles

In this paper, aeolian sand (AS) with different contents (0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 %) was used as fine aggregate to prepare aeolian sand concrete (ASC). The effects of AS content and dry-wet cycle (DWC) times on the durability of ASC under sulfate (5 % Na2SO4) erosion conditions were investigated by DWC tests. The mass loss rate, compressive strength loss rate and relative dynamic elastic modulus (RDEM) were used as the macroscopic performance evaluation indexes, while the damage degradation mechanism of ASC was revealed by combining the microscopic technical means such as SEM, XRD, TG-DSC and NMR. The results show that the macroscopic properties of ASC under the action of DWC of sulphate all show the first increase and then decrease, as when the dosage of AS is below 50 %, the "bead effect" and "padding effect" of AS can further improve the internal densification of ASC, thus effectively resisting external sulphate erosion. During sulphate erosion, SO42- firstly reacts with cement hydration product Ca(OH)2 to generate erosion products such as Ettringite (AFt) and fills them within the original defects, with short-term rnhancement of macroscopic properties. As the DWC continue, the excessive erosion products accumulated, resulting in the destruction of pore structure and extension through the phenomenon, the matrix compactness is reduced, and the macroscopic properties degraded. The grey entropy correlation analysis yielded that the grey entropy correlation grade of bound fluid saturation, harmless pore percentage and less harmful pore percentage with compressive strength were all above 0.8, and the GM(1,4) strength prediction model established on the basis of the above pore structure parameters has a high prediction accuracy, and the relative errors between the predicted strength values and the actual strength values are within 10 %, and the research results can provide certain theoretical support for the study of the durability of ASC in sulfate erosion environment.

Eolian-fluvial Succession in the Early Cretaceous from the Ordos Basin

Cretaceous eolian deposits are widely developed in North China, among which the Lower Cretaceous eolian (erg) sedimentary strata in the Ordos Basin are the most representative. Many studies have been conducted on eolian deposits in the Ordos Basin, especially the Luohe Formation; however, there is a lack of systematic sedimentology research and the corresponding research on the evolution of sedimentary facies. Therefore, to explore the Mesozoic drought events and the systematic evolution of the sub-tropical erg zone, this study reports the fluvial–eolian sedimentary sequences of the Early Cretaceous Luohe and Yijinhuoluo Formations in the Ordos Basin. Spatially, through detailed sedimentary lithofacies and structural analysis of different outcrops, the combination law of sedimentary facies can be determined. Based on this, a three-dimensional sedimentary model of erg is reconstructed. The erg environment is divided into three sub-environments: erg margin, erg margin–centre transition and erg centre. According to the evolution of the sedimentary facies, the sedimentary evolution from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous in the Ordos Basin is divided into five stages. The Ordos Basin has experienced the delta, erg formation, erg deposition, erg shrinkage and evaporating salt-lake stages. The vertical sedimentary evolution indicates climatic oscillation in North China from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. Under the control of the sub-tropical high belt, the Ordos Basin experienced a hot and arid climate during the Cretaceous, forming a widely distributed erg belt in the region. During this period, a small-scale climate shock occurred under the hot and arid background, changing the sedimentary environment.

Paleostorm redeposition and post-glacial coastal chronology in the eastern Baltic Sea, Latvia

The 494 km long Latvian coast consists of sandy sediments, which serve as an excellent proxy for past coastal events and environment. Our study explores these understudied sediments along the western coast of the Gulf of Riga and combines two sand quartz-wise methods: optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and grain microtextures. We provide a new chronology and microsedimentary results to trace post-glacial storm events and discuss correlations within the Baltic Sea region and elsewhere in Europe. OSL ages reveal a wide time span between 10.38 ± 0.61 ka and 1.04 ± 0.05 ka BP, but their inconsistency in the profiles along with the onshore position of landforms and gravelly horizons argues for sediment relocation due to storm action. A first paleostorm phase is dated to between 7.6 ± 1.2 ka and 4.63 ± 0.27 ka, corresponding with a transgression of the Littorina Sea and the Holocene Thermal Maximum, and with a roughly estimated vertical sediment redeposition above 5 m similar with the recent storms in the region. Sedimentary record from microstudy supports intense storm activity, especially in sediments redeposited after 6.07 ± 0.51 ka, and it is seen through an increased number of cracked quartz grains, shiny grains and fresh surfaces combined with a limited number of V-shaped marks. Weaker storm action, recorded by a lower share of cracked grains in the sediments, occurred between 7.6 ± 1.2 ka and 6.07 ± 0.51 ka.A second storm phase occurred at 1.44 ± 0.21 ka, corresponding with the post-Littorina, again with a performance of a weaker storm. Apart from the palaeostorm records, the beach ridges developed between 5.16 ± 0.33 ka and 4.47 ± 0.31 ka along with drier conditions when aeolian deposition took place twice: at 4.63 ± 0.27 ka and 1.55 ± 0.10 ka.

Foredune-ridge development along an urban pocket beach, Montrose dunes natural area, Southwestern Lake Michigan

While foredune geomorphology has been studied along many Great Lakes coastlines, little attention has been given to the development and evolution of foredune ridges along engineered ‘pocket’ beaches, which are common along many urban lakefronts of the region. This paper reports on the recent morphodynamics of Montrose Beach, the largest of Chicago’s engineered coastal embayments, with emphasis on its ‘Dunes Natural Area.’ A post-2020 period of beach recovery occurred after 2013–2020 lake-level rise of >1.5 m, which was accompanied by shoreline recession and overwash-induced backshore accretion. The influx of sand into the urban embayment during this time facilitated post-2020 beach recovery with lake-level fall. This phase of beach expansion was marked by the formation of three distinct, parallel berm lines that have become vegetated and functioned as focal points for eolian accretion. Undisturbed by grooming and other beach-management activities, the Dunes Natural Area continues to be influenced by lake-level changes and storms. Vegetative establishment and eolian sand trapping upon disconnect from active reworking along the shoreline have increased the expression of linear topographic highs. Seasonal ridgelines along natural beach environments, including barrier spits, tend to undergo reworking prior to such stabilization. Insights from Montrose Beach provide coastal managers with up-to-date information on important geomorphic developments at Chicago’s most popular beach destination, whose Dunes Natural Area provides habitat for the endangered Great Lakes piping plover. Understanding its geomorphic trajectory can help inform coastal resiliency planning, here and elsewhere, to protect valuable ecosystems and infrastructure within the urban coastal landscape.

Evolution Process of Chemical Weathering and Sediment sources in the Makran Continental margin since the Younger Dryas

The chemical weathering processes and sedimentary source evolution since the Younger Dryas (YD) in the low-latitude arid continental margin have been investigated. Two sediment cores, MK07G and MK09G, were retrieved from the Makran continental margin in the northern Arabian Sea and subjected to analyses of major and trace elements, along with AMS14C dating. The results show that since the YD, the weathered parent rocks of Makran sediments have remained relatively stable, predominantly consisting of felsic rocks, with some contributions from mafic rocks. The Makran sediments exhibit initial to moderate weathering, with no discernible effects from grain size sorting or disturbances from sediment recycling, indicating primary deposition. Significant contributions of terrigenous eolian dust from surrounding continents (e.g., the Indian subcontinent, Arabian Peninsula, and northeastern Africa) were identified, along with riverine inputs from the Dasht River and fine-grained components from the Late Pleistocene Indus delta sediment, as well as proximal basin sedimentation. The evolution of sediment sources in the study area is significantly influenced by the Indian Monsoon and westerly wind systems, with intensified monsoon phases and westerly conditions correlating with increased fluvial input. Furthermore, chemical weathering processes since the YD are closely linked to local precipitation patterns, where intensified rainfall enhances weathering intensity. Records from the Makran continental margin indicate a teleconnection between chemical weathering and sedimentary processes in the Arabian Sea and Bond events in the North Atlantic, highlighting the extensive influence of Northern Hemisphere climate fluctuations.