Environmental Sustainability Efforts Research Articles

Low-cost Biochar from Parthenium Hysterophorus for Efficient Cr⁶⁺ Removal: A Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Solution

Aims: This study explores the development of innovative, cost-effective methods for removing Cr6+ from wastewater, focusing on biochar derived from Parthenium hysterophorus shoots. The biochar was prepared using a conventional slow-pyrolysis process and evaluated for its potential to treat Cr⁶⁺ in aqueous solutions. Study Design: Batch adsorption experiments are carried out in the study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Department of Environmental Science, G B Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, between Feb 2024 and July 2024. Methodology: Parthenium hysterophorus shoots were collected, reagents were purchased from HiMedia, and Cr⁶⁺ solutions were prepared and adjusted using NaOH and HCl. Shoots were washed, sun-dried, ground into powder and pyrolysed at 350°C for 180 minutes. Biochar yield was calculated, pH, proximal parameters (moisture, volatile matter, ash, fixed carbon) and ultimate analysis were measured, chemical functional groups by FTIR and morphology by XRD using Bruker D8 Advance was done. Cr⁶⁺ removal was studied using biochar adsorbent under varying pH, initial Cr6+ concentration, adsorbent dose and contact time, adsorption capacity (q) and removal percentage were then calculated. Results: Characterization techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed the presence of multiple functional groups and crystalline structures, which contribute to its adsorption efficiency. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of prepared biochar dosage, initial Cr⁶⁺ concentration, pH and contact time. The optimal removal efficiency of 72.77% was achieved under conditions of pH 10, a biochar dose of 1 g/L, an initial Cr⁶⁺ concentration of 30 mg/L and a contact time of 72 hours. Conclusion: Although challenges remain in optimizing production and functionalization, this research highlights the potential of biochar for sustainable water treatment. Addressing production costs and practical challenges will further enhance its applicability, contributing to environmental sustainability efforts.

A Strategic Overview of the Indian Fashion Industry with apropos to Logistics and Sustainable Supply Chain Management

This research study emphasizes the social, environmental, and economic facets of the fashion supply chain and attempts to provide a thorough analysis of sustainability challenges. It aims to comprehend the effects of many sustainability programs and practices, assess the lessons gained from industry mistakes and attempts, and pinpoint areas needing more study and development. Using a qualitative approach, the paper thoroughly reviews case studies, industry white papers, and publications in peer-reviewed journals. Insights from current sustainability trends are integrated with analyses of top brands' sustainability policies, including Nike, Unilever, and Patagonia. The process involves investigating the best methods for incorporating sustainability into fundamental company operations, evaluating social and environmental sustainability efforts, and estimating the economic effects of these activities. The necessity of combining social, environmental, and ethical standards holistically, the significance of expanding sustainability initiatives beyond first-tier suppliers, and the crucial role of supply chain openness are some of the major conclusions. Notable instances include Nike's innovations in sustainable materials, Unilever's circular economy programs, and Patagonia's fair work policies. According to the report, incorporating sustainability into the operations has long-term financial advantages, including improved customer loyalty and brand reputation. This study offers fresh perspectives on the realworld difficulties and achievements of integrating sustainability into the fashion supply chain. It analyses industry standards thoroughly and offers feasible recommendations for businesses looking to improve their sustainability initiatives. The current collection of knowledge on the sustainability of the fashion supply chain is greatly enhanced by the addition of particular case studies and the investigation of cutting-edge technology and practices.

Model Pengelolaan Dana Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) untuk Keberlanjutan Lingkungan: Kajian Program Sedekah Sampah Digital PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk

PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk, a leading producer in Indonesia, has implemented a new waste management program as part of its corporate social responsibility (CSR) and environmental sustainability efforts. This program utilizes a unique waste management model and a social-based waste management concept. The study employs a mixed-method approach, including both quantitative and qualitative methods, with data collected through questionnaires, focus group discussions, and field observations. The waste management system is digital, using the scrum method, making it easier to adapt to changing user needs. The digital platform facilitates waste management, distribution, and efficiency, ensuring transparency in waste management. The program also helps the company report total waste and waste management performance in real-time.

Impact of media attention on corporate green innovation: What is the role of dual environmental regulation?

This study explores the intricate interplay between media attention, dual environmental regulation, and corporate green innovation quality using a comprehensive dataset of Chinese A-share listed companies. Thus, our rigorous empirical analysis reveals that media visibility significantly affects corporate environmental sustainability efforts, with formal and informal environmental regulations moderating its impact. Media attention acts as a powerful catalyst for green innovation during growth and mature stages of a company's lifecycle; however, its effect diminishes during recessions. We determine significant heterogeneity across industry types and ownership structures. Non-high-polluting industries and non-state-owned enterprises show stronger positive responses to media scrutiny in their green innovation efforts than high-polluting sectors and state-owned enterprises. Furthermore, formal environmental regulations amplify the positive effect of media attention on green innovation, suggesting a synergistic potential that encourages companies to exceed baseline environmental standards. In contrast, while having no direct impact on green innovation, informal environmental regulation significantly moderates the relationship between media attention and innovation quality. These findings add to the literature on environmental innovation by demonstrating the conditional effectiveness of media attention and the critical role of regulatory frameworks in fostering sustainable corporate practices across industries and ownership contexts, with implications for policymakers, corporate strategists, and environmental advocates.

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CRYPTO TRADING ON CARBON EMISSIONS USING PATH ANALYSIS

In parallel with the growing interest in cryptocurrencies, the relationship between crypto trading and CO2 is critical to drive financial markets and environmental sustainability efforts. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of crypto trading on carbon emissions (CO2) through the mediating roles of international trade and energy use. Within the scope of the study, path analysis was carried out using the 2007-2021 period data of the top 20 countries with high crypto trade volume. A model proposal was presented to examine the relationships between the variables used in the study and the necessary analyses were carried out. The results of the analysis show that crypto trade volume has a positive and significant effect on carbon emissions. It is also concluded that international trade and energy use mediate the relationship between crypto trade and carbon emissions. It is seen that crypto mining activities and cryptocurrencies lead to an increase in energy use and environmental impacts. At this point, it is important for countries to switch to renewable energy sources and to regularly report and monitor the impact of cryptocurrency mining activities on carbon emissions.

EXPLORING THE INFLUENCE OF ECO-FRIENDLY INITIATIVES ON ATTRACTING ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSCIOUS GUESTS TO HOTEL ESTABLISHMENTS IN RWANDA A CASE STUDY OFBISATE LODGE

Background: This study delves into the influence of eco-friendly initiatives on the attraction of environmentally conscious guests to hotel establishments in Rwanda, with a specific focus on Bisate Lodge. The overarching objective is to understand how these initiatives contribute to guest preferences and decision-making processes regarding accommodation. This research investigates the correlation between eco-friendly initiatives and the attraction of environmentally conscious guests to hotel establishments in Rwanda. The specific objectives of the study are threefold. Firstly, it aims to analyze the eco-friendly initiatives implemented by Bisate Lodge, examining their scope, effectiveness, and implementation strategies. Secondly, it seeks to gauge the level of awareness and importance of environmental sustainability among guests staying at Bisate Lodge, through surveys or interviews. Lastly, the study aims to evaluate the impact of eco-friendly initiatives on the decision-making process of environmentally conscious guests when selecting accommodation in Rwanda. Methods and Materials: The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques to gather comprehensive insights. Data collection methods include surveys, interviews, and possibly observational studies to capture both guest perceptions and actual behaviors. Analysis involves statistical techniques for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. The findings of the study are expected to provide valuable insights for hotel managers, policymakers, and stakeholders in the hospitality industry in Rwanda. Hotels can tailor their initiatives to attract and retain this market segment, contributing to both environmental sustainability and business success. Results: The findings of the research showed an overview of the distribution and central tendency of the variable Analyzing the Eco-friendly Initiatives Implemented by Bisate Lodge within the dataset. Specifically, it shows that the variable ranges from 1.00 to 5.00, with an average value of approximately 3.94 and a standard deviation of about 1.14. This shows the values of Analyzing the Eco-friendly Initiatives. are moderately spread out around the mean. On the Assessment of the Level of Awareness and Importance of Environmental Sustainability Among Guests Staying at Bisate Lodge Guests within the dataset. Specifically, the findings show that the variable ranges from 1.00 to 5.00, with an average value of approximately 3.9260 and a standard deviation of about 1.133. This suggests that the values of Assessing the Level of Awareness and Importance of Environmental Sustainability Among Guests Staying at Bisate Lodge Guests, the findings also showed an overview of the distribution and central tendency of the variable Evaluating the Influence of Eco-friendly Initiatives on the Decision-Making Process of Environmentally Conscious Guests When Choosing Accommodation in Rwanda within the dataset. it shows that the variable ranges from 1.00 to 5.00, with an average value of approximately 3.934 and a standard deviation of about 1.136. This suggests that the values of Evaluating the Influence of Eco-friendly Initiatives on the Decision-Making Process of Environmentally Conscious Guests When Choosing Accommodation in Rwanda are moderately spread out around the mean. Conclusion: In general, the results from the findings showed that the respondents indicate a strong positive perception of Bisate Lodges environmental sustainability efforts and eco-friendly initiatives among respondents. They generally view these efforts favourably, with a strong likelihood of choosing the lodge, feeling satisfied and comfortable, considering environmental consciousness in loyalty decisions, and perceiving the brand positively due to its environmental initiatives. However, there is some variability in satisfaction levels, indicating that individual experiences and opinions may differ among guests. It is important for Bisate Lodge to continue its efforts and maintain consistency in eco-friendly practices to meet the expectations of environmentally conscious guests and further enhance their experience.

Milking the Alternatives: Understanding Coffee Consumers' Preferences for Non-Dairy Milk.

Consumer interest in plant-based milk alternatives is growing, despite extra charges in coffeehouses. While much research exists on non-dairy alternatives, plant-based milks in coffee drinks remain understudied. This study examines consumer preferences and behaviors regarding milk alternatives in coffee, using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW). A survey of 200 participants from 19 countries explored demographics, coffee habits, attitudes towards non-dairy milk charges, and marketing awareness. Market insights showed taste as the main reason for coffee choice, with a preference for cow's milk and local cafes for quality. Many opposed the extra charges for non-dairy options, citing lactose intolerance or allergies, especially among Gen Z and Millennials. Regional variations included stronger opposition in the UK and Germany compared to the UAE and USA. The marketing for non-dairy milk was less memorable than general coffee advertisements. Regression analysis confirmed that viewing non-dairy milk as a dietary staple increased consumption, aligning with the TDF's "Beliefs about Consequences" domain. Finally, within the BCW framework, the intervention strategies centered on training and coercion were discussed. Implementing these approaches could encourage the wider adoption of non-dairy milk options in coffee shops, fostering inclusivity, health awareness, and supporting environmental sustainability efforts.

Sosialisasi Pentingnya Peduli Lingkungan dengan Program 3R di SMK Negeri 1 Cilegon

The problem of waste management is an urgent environmental issue and is often discussed in various forums. In Cilegon City, even though the government has implemented various waste management policies, such as Law Number 18 of 2008 and PP Number 81 of 2013, there are still obstacles in their implementation. The high habit of littering among Indonesian people worsens this situation. The socialization program for waste management based on the 3R principle (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) at SMK Negeri 1 Cilegon aims to increase students' awareness and involvement in waste management. Implementation of this program involves stages of socialization, technical training, program implementation, as well as monitoring and evaluation. The results of this activity show an increase in students' understanding of the 3R principles, with 80% of students actively implementing waste sorting at school. These activities also include environmental training and campaigns, which contribute to the reduction of unsorted waste. The evaluation results show that the educational and participatory approach is effective in increasing students' awareness of waste management. This program has not only succeeded in achieving the goals of environmental education in schools, but can also be used as a model for other educational institutions in their efforts to better waste management. Thus, it is hoped that the application of the 3R principles in the school environment can influence positive behavioral changes and support environmental sustainability efforts in the community.

Green HRM Practices as a Pathway Toward Environmental Sustainable Business: Examining Organizational Citizenship Behavior as Mediator

This research paper aims to investigate how Human Resource Management (HRM) practices and environmental sustainability connect within the framework of a business. Specifically, this study seeks to examine how Green Human Resource Management (HRM) practices might operate to achieve environmental sustainability in enterprises, with a specific emphasis on analyzing Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as a mediator in this relationship. This study aims to investigate the processes responsible for the influence of human resource management practices that emphasize environmental concerns on employee behaviour, specifically regarding the amounts of voluntary contributions that employees make to environmental sustainability efforts inside the firm. By examining organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) 's role as a mediator, the research endeavours to provide light on the complex relationships between human resource management practices, employee behaviour, and environmental sustainability outcomes. Methodologically, this study considered a cross-sectional design due to the one-time data collection and casual design because of examining the relationship between the study variables. The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of how green HRM practices influence environmentally sustainable business in the presence of OCB as a mediator.

Resilient green infrastructure: Navigating environmental resistance for sustainable development, social mobility in climate change policy

This study explores the complex dynamics of environmental resistance, policy stability, skill development, and green initiatives in light of the growing worldwide concerns about climate change. COP27 and the G20 Summit show that as microcosm of the global discourse, provides a unique opportunity to study it. This research sought to thoroughly investigate, the links among green infrastructure, green technological innovation, policy stability, skill development, and their combined effects on social mobility and climate change (Case-1), it also discusses the global talk on climate change in COP27 and G20 (Case-2). In Case-1 data were analyzed through the use of structural equation modeling (SEM) by adopting a quantitative approach, and in Case-2 data were analyzed using theme analysis by applying a qualitative approach. Using a mixed-method research approach, the study surveyed 375 locals living close to the CPEC corridor quantitatively and interviewed ten important stakeholders, including elected officials, environmental activists, and community leaders, qualitatively. The survey highlighted the complex perspectives and experiences of citizens with green programs and environmental legislation in the CPEC zone. The study revealed the perceptions and experiences of residents regarding green initiatives and environmental policies within the CPEC region. Key stakeholders provided valuable insights into policy formulation and ongoing environmental sustainability efforts. The analysis unveiled intricate relationships between green infrastructure, technological innovation, policy stability, skill development, and their collective impact on climate change and social mobility. Notably, the study identified a critical research gap in understanding these dynamics within regions undergoing substantial economic development. Policy formulation and continuing environmental sustainability efforts were aided by key stakeholders' ideas. Green infrastructure, technological innovation, policy stability, skill development, and their overall influence on climate change and social mobility were all examined. Notably, the study found a critical research vacuum in understanding these processes inside rapidly developing economies. Policymakers, environmental groups, and communities managing the fine line between economic success and environmental responsibility will find great value in the findings. This study is unique because it examines issues on climate change from a local perspective in a region that is rapidly developing economically, it also adds value to the climate change challenges on the global level. This study presents a substantial theoretical contribution by examining the intricate interactions among environmental opposition, policy stability, skill development, and green initiatives within the CPEC against the backdrop of global climate change concerns.

Harnessing Machine Learning and Data Fusion for Accurate Undocumented Well Identification in Satellite Images

This study utilizes satellite data to detect undocumented oil and gas wells, which pose significant environmental concerns, including greenhouse gas emissions. Three key findings emerge from the study. Firstly, the problem of imbalanced data is addressed by recommending oversampling techniques like Rotation–GaussianBlur–Solarization data augmentation (RGS), the Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE), or ADASYN (an extension of SMOTE) over undersampling techniques. The performance of borderline SMOTE is less effective than that of the rest of the oversampling techniques, as its performance relies heavily on the quality and distribution of data near the decision boundary. Secondly, incorporating pre-trained models trained on large-scale datasets enhances the models’ generalization ability, with models trained on one county’s dataset demonstrating high overall accuracy, recall, and F1 scores that can be extended to other areas. This transferability of models allows for wider application. Lastly, including persistent homology (PH) as an additional input improves performance for in-distribution testing but may affect the model’s generalization for out-of-distribution testing. A careful consideration of PH’s impact on overall performance and generalizability is recommended. Overall, this study provides a robust approach to identifying undocumented oil and gas wells, contributing to the acceleration of a net-zero economy and supporting environmental sustainability efforts.

From perception to action: Waste management challenges in Kassena Nankana East Municipality

This study examines the perceptions and behaviours related to waste management (WM) among residents of the Kassena Nankana East Municipality in Ghana. A mixed-method approach was used to garner data from 394 household respondents, and the data was analysed using SPSS software. The findings reveal a weak correlation between educational attainment and effective waste management practices and a mildly positive correlation between waste awareness and the effectiveness of policies and legislation. Notably, a significant proportion of respondents preferred open burning (42.1 %) and dumping (18.8 %) as disposal methods, indicating critical areas for intervention. The study introduces a novel comprehensive analysis by integrating attitude formation, collective action, and institutional and rational choice theories to understand WM behaviours. This theoretical integration significantly contributes to the field, providing a heterogeneous understanding of the factors influencing WM practices. Furthermore, the research identifies key gaps in WM infrastructure and public engagement, offering innovative recommendations to address these challenges. This study's significant outputs include identifying specific community behaviours towards waste disposal and evaluating the effectiveness of existing WM policies. These findings provide actionable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to develop targeted interventions that promote sustainable WM practices. The study's contributions and recommendations are crucial for advancing environmental sustainability efforts in similar contexts, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals.

Sustainability Investigation of Batik Production at Seraci Batik Betawi

Abstract The textile industry is one of the sectors that plays a crucial role in economic and environmental sustainability efforts. Batik, as a distinctive textile industry of Indonesia, has a significant role in sustainable development. This research analyzed the sustainability practices of Seraci Batik Betawi in the environmental, social, and economic aspects using a descriptive approach based on the results of interviews and observations. The company used eco-friendly natural dyes, minimized waste, and managed wastewater effectively. They empowered their workers through training, provided fair wages, and hired unskilled laborers. Seraci Batik Betawi also maintained market share with unique motifs and collaborated with the garment industry. The result is a contribution to social, cultural, environmental, and local economic sustainability. This research provides valuable insights for the textile and batik industry in achieving higher sustainability.

Navigating the regulatory landscape: US environmental regulations pertaining to CO2 emissions

Amid growing apprehensions regarding climate change, regulatory frameworks governing carbon dioxide emissions play a crucial role in shaping industrial practices, energy policies, and environmental sustainability efforts. Through an examination of key regulatory bodies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and relevant legislation such as the Clean Air Act, this paper analyzes the intricate web of regulations governing CO2 emissions across various sectors. Additionally, the paper explores recent developments, including regulatory updates, policy shifts, and emerging trends, highlighting their implications for businesses, policymakers, and environmental advocates. By synthesizing complex regulatory information into a concise and accessible format, this paper aims to provide valuable insights for stakeholders navigating the dynamic landscape of US environmental regulations pertaining to CO2 emissions.

The intersection of faith and tourism: an exploratory study on halal tourism motivations among Indian millennials

Purpose This study aims to explore the motivations of emerging market millennial Muslims to partake in halal tourism, a developing sector of the travel industry that caters to the religious practices of Muslim tourists. Design/methodology/approach This study is qualitative in nature. In-depth interviews were conducted with millennials aged 25–40 in India to gain an understanding of the factors that influence their decision-making and travel behaviour. Further, thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings The findings emphasise the intricate interplay between faith, cultural and social factors in millennial Indians’ motivations for halal travel. The study found that religious motivations, such as the desire to fulfil religious duties and participate in spiritual experiences, were significant factors in halal tourism. Social motivations, such as the desire to interact with other Muslims and strengthen family ties, also played a significant role. The study also highlighted the importance of environmental sustainability and conservation efforts in the decision-making process of Indian millennials when choosing halal travel options. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature on halal tourism by exploring the motivations of emerging-market millennial Muslims. The study is original in its focus on the Indian context and the inclusion of sustainability and conservation efforts in the analysis of motivations for halal tourism.

Artificial intelligence in environmental conservation: evaluating cyber risks and opportunities for sustainable practices

This study explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into environmental conservation efforts, aiming to assess AI's transformative potential in enhancing sustainability practices. Employing a systematic literature review and content analysis, the research scrutinizes peer-reviewed articles, reports, and case studies from 2014 to 2024, focusing on the application of AI in biodiversity preservation, climate change mitigation, and sustainable resource management. The methodology hinges on a comprehensive search strategy, adhering to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the relevance and quality of the literature analyzed. Key findings reveal that AI significantly contributes to environmental conservation by optimizing resource management, improving predictive analytics for biodiversity conservation, and facilitating advanced monitoring and analysis to mitigate environmental impacts. However, the deployment of AI technologies also presents ethical and cybersecurity challenges, necessitating robust frameworks for responsible use. The study underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, stakeholder engagement, and the development of ethical AI solutions to address these challenges effectively. Finally, AI holds immense promise for advancing environmental sustainability efforts. Strategic recommendations include fostering partnerships across disciplines, prioritizing ethical considerations in AI development, and enhancing AI literacy among conservationists. Future research directions emphasize the need for innovative AI applications in conservation and addressing the socio-technical complexities of integrating AI into environmental strategies. This study contributes valuable insights into leveraging AI for a sustainable and resilient future, highlighting the critical balance between technological advancements and ethical considerations. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Environmental Conservation, Sustainability, Cyber Risks.

Effect of Green Transformational Leadership on Organizational Environmental Performance: The Role of Green Human Resource Management Practices (Study on SMEs in The Embroidery Sector)

Every organization must actively engage in environmental sustainability efforts by incorporating practices that prioritize the careful selection and maintenance of eco-friendly inputs, processes, and outputs within their business operations. However, empirical research on the specific influence of Green Transformational Leadership (GTL) on Organizational Environmental Performance is lacking, particularly within the Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) of the embroidery sector in Indonesia. This study aims to address this gap by examining the direct and indirect effects of GTL, utilizing Green Human Resources Management (GHRM) practices as a potential mediator in the context of Indonesian SMEs specializing in embroidery. The research, conducted on 300 employees from 150 SMEs in the prominent embroidery industry of 20 city/regency areas in East Java, employs a Structural Equation Model of Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Findings show a statistically significant positive influence of GTL on Organizational Environmental Performance directly, with GHRM practices partially mediating this relationship. Bridging this research gap not only contributes to academic knowledge but also offers practical insights for organizations seeking to enhance their environmental sustainability.

The Benefits of Environmental Sustainability Efforts

Interviews from NEJM Catalyst Insights Council members on how their organizations approach environmental sustainability.

Global Oil Industry: Environmental Sustainability Efforts by Corporations and Governments

The global oil industry, long criticized for its substantial environmental footprint, is at a crossroads.Faced with the urgent need for environmental sustainability, both corporations and governments are implementing strategies to reduce emissions, enhance energy efficiency, and transition to cleaner energy sources. This article delves into these initiatives, exploring how they are reshaping the oil sector and contributing to global environmental goals.

The influence of nuclear energy research and development investments on environmental sustainability: evidence from the United States and France

ABSTRACT Recent Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) reports have highlighted the inadequacy of environmental sustainability efforts. Thus, it is clear that current efforts towards environmental sustainability (SDG 13) and affordable and clean energy (SDG 7) policies are insufficient and a comprehensive policy agenda is needed. Existing literature limitedly addresses the determinants of environmental sustainability but relatively ignores the impact of nuclear energy research and development investments (NCI) and green environment on environmental quality. The motivation of this study is to fill this research gap and propose an overarching policy structure to achieve SDGs. In this context, this study investigates the effects of green environment, economic growth, human capital, and NCI on environmental sustainability comparatively for the United States and France through the Asymmetric Autoregressive Distributed Lag, which considers structural break. Based on the empirical analysis results, economic growth and trade openness harm environmental sustainability, while positive shocks in NCI improve environmental quality in both countries. Negative NCI shocks deteriorate environmental quality in the United States but not France. In conclusion, this study provides detailed environmental sustainability policies for the United States and France.