Environmental Impact Of Industry Research Articles

Chimbote in the Blue Revolution, 1940-1980

This paper looks at how the export-led growth and dependent development pursued by Peruvian politicians and capitalists produced a new nature in Chimbote. Starting in 1955, Peruvians extracted incalculable wealth from its ocean, and erected the world's largest fishing industry, centered on the production of fishmeal, a high-protein hog- and chicken-feed additive. Two decades of unrestrained exploitation of the country's natural resources and unregulated industrialization produced an ecological catastrophe in Chimbote, the center of the fishmeal industry. In 1940, it had been a serene village of 4,000; thirty years later it had become the world’s biggest fishing port, a ‘tragic city’ in which some 200,000 people lived amid thirty disturbingly polluting fishmeal processing factories. The once clear and fecund bay had become a cesspool of industrial and human wastes: Chimbote had been sacrificed to the nation's pursuit of capitalist development. This chapter decenters narratives of economic development and the environmental impact of industrialization. Most studies of Peru’s postwar industrial boom have focused on the Lima-Callao metropolitan area, to the exclusion of the vast majority of the rest of the nation. By shifting the focus from Lima to the intersections of nature, labor, and politics of rapid industrialization on the postwar Peruvian coast, we can better understand how elite schemes emanating from the metropole have impacted the people and ecologies of the periphery.

The environmental impact of industrialization and foreign direct investment: empirical evidence from Asia-Pacific region.

Environmental degradation has been the main distress in recent years due to the drastic effect of climate change. To determine the gone thorough impact of industrialization and foreign direct investment on environmental degradation, this study utilized panel data of 55 countries of the Asia-Pacific region from 1995 to 2020 and it applies an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The results showed that FDI, in general, has a significant negative impact on the environment and causes to increase in methane and CO2 emissions. Moreover, industrialization has a positive and significant impact on the environment. However, the size of the impact is moderate. This study also concludes that in the Asia-Pacific region, the environment Kuznets curve (EKC) and pollution heaven (PH) hypothesis are accepted. Finally, this study suggests the strict implication of environmental guidelines or the adoption of a new policy would be the key to ensuring the quality of the environment. Furthermore, the results confirmed that most of the panel countries are developing countries and do not have strict environmental management guidelines.

Life Cycle Assessment of Network Traffic: A Review of Challenges and Possible Solutions

The environmental impact of Industry 4.0 and related technologies remains relatively unknown, with little research devoted to investigating the impact on sustainability aspects, resulting in a greater need for climate reporting. However, impacts of data transmission have historically been the least studied part of the information and communication technology sector, and there is currently no consensus on how to correctly assess it. In an attempt to guide process development within the area in the hopes that future life cycle assessments will be created, this study sought to identify, examine, and address potential challenges that might occur when assessing the environmental impact of network traffic during its life cycle. Through a combination of a literature review and semi-systematic research interviews with identified experts within the field of research, several areas in the form of knowledge gaps, unsolved methodological issues, and areas in need of further development were identified and assessed. The results show that eight key challenges exist in the areas of system boundaries, data collection methods, energy intensity metrics, transparency and data availability, age of data, allocation procedures, assumptions, and limited coverage of impact categories. Several approaches to address said challenges are presented, as well as areas in need of further investigation. It is furthermore suggested that the sector should strive to agree upon several parameters of significance to enable future harmonized life cycle studies of network traffic.

INDUSTRIALIZATION AND TRANSPORT IN INDONESIA ON ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION

Economic development in a country is indicated by an increase in the number of industrial sectors and other supporting facilities such as transportation. However, there is another impact on developments industrial sectors and transportation, especially environmental degradation. Air pollution is one of the environmental degradation. This research was conducted to determine the short-term and long-term environmental impact of industry and transport in Indonesia. The data analysis method in this research used Autoregressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) to see the short-term and long-term effects between research variables. The data used are data on CO2 emissions, the amount of industries and transport in Indonesia from 1965 - 2018. The results showed that the industry had a negative impact on increasing CO2 emissions in the short and long term. Meanwhile, transportation has a positive impact in the short term and a negative impact in the long term.

PENGARUH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DAN MEKANISME GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN

The global economic crisis towards large companies has focused on the importance of GCG. The corporate governance mechanism will improve supervision for the company so that through supervision it is expected that the company's performance will be better and can affect the value of the company. Problems about the environment are also experienced in Indonesia because the environmental impact of industrialization in big cities has been considered to be at a dangerous level. Due to the increasingly complex problems regarding the environment lately, many companies are increasingly aware of the importance of implementing a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program as part of a business strategy. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling method. The sample used was 45 LQ45 companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2015-2017 (for 3 years) with a total of 90 data. Based on the results of data analysis, this study concludes that the audit committee proved to have a significant positive effect on firm value. independent commissioners, managerial ownership is not proven to have a significant positive effect on firm value, while CSR is not proven to have a significant positive effect on firm value.
 Keywords: Audit Committee, Independent Commissioners, Managerial Ownership, and Corporate Social Responsibility, Firm Value

The environmental impact of industrialization and foreign direct investment

In recent years, the major concern about the environment has been the emissions of greenhouse gases and the consequent impact on climate change. There is a huge interest among scholars in examining factors that contribute to environmental degradation. In this study, we examined the environmental impact of foreign direct investment and industrialization in 36 selected African countries using data for the period 1980–2014. We proxied the environment with a number of factors including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, and total greenhouse gases emissions. Employing the Pooled Mean Group estimation technique, we found that the effect of industrialization on the environment is generally insignificant. However, the effect of foreign direct investment on the environment is found to be largely significant. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.

POSCO’s great Indian fiasco

Learning outcomes The case may give students experience with the types of a situation they may encounter when running their own companies or serving as consultants in terms of identifying relevant information and appropriate approaches to dealing with local communities in projects involving the exploration and exploitation of natural resources. The case encourages students to critique the strategy of a firm in managing their different stakeholders. The case may also enhance their understanding of the “new” roles expected of corporations when engaging in projects involving local communities in developing countries. The case can be used to promote awareness of the social and environmental impact of industries associated with the exploration and exploitation of natural resources. Within developed or developing countries, master’s students are often employed by multinational corporations, many of which operate in natural resource industries. A greater understanding of the economic, social, and environmental challenges inherent in corporate social responsibilities programs in these industries may enhance their ability to deal with such situations. Such students are also increasingly likely to find work with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) helping local communities deal with largescale projects and confront major corporations. Case overview/synopsis The case is about the POSCO-India’s project to build 12 MTPA integrated steel plant in the Indian state of Odisha in 2005. The case presents the history of the project, recognizing the different stakeholders groups, the perspectives and interests of different stakeholders groups, the various actions taken by POSCO-India, and the results of the various engagement efforts of POSCO to develop the project. The case deals with the perspective of POSCO-India, Government of Odisha (GoO) and the local community getting affected by POSCO’s project on the issues of social, environmental, and economic sustainability. The case also discusses POSCO’s effort to engage with the local community and state government. The case tries to analyze the issues that come with developing big infrastructure projects. The case provides a framework for evaluating the complexity in engaging with the different stakeholder groups. The paper uses a framework for analyzing stakeholders based on their power, legitimacy, and urgency of their claims. The case will also demonstrate the complex institutional set-up in emerging markets and due to which sometimes it becomes difficult for organizations to implement such exploration projects to fulfill their social and environmental commitments. Finally, the case helps students to explore the implications of large-scale industrial projects especially in developing countries and analyze critically the corporate-society relationship. Complexity academic level The case was developed for master’s level course in business strategy, consulting, business policy, corporate governance, and corporate social responsibility, business ethics, and corporate sustainability in a 90 minutes session. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

Information infrastructures for on-line measurement of non-productive greenhouse gas emissions in manufacturing: case of the brewing industry

A novel information infrastructure designed to measure key components of the greenhouse gas emission ‘opportunity cost’ in a production environment is proposed. The data-driven metrics facilitate drill-down to provide visibility of constituent parts. Contemporary metrics typically focus on direct energy consumption and are often normalised against units of product produced. Such metrics have proven to be useful for monitoring trends in relative performance and for benchmarking against other plants. However, they typically do not provide visibility of energy consumption (carbon emissions) that did not directly contribute to the production of saleable product. With the community's ever increasing focus on sustainability and climate change, the environmental impact of industry has come under greater scrutiny. The proposed information infrastructure provides a new level of transparency enabling stakeholders to see the portion of utilities consumption (or greenhouse gas impact) that did not directly contribute to saleable product; the non-productive greenhouse gas emission impact in a manufacturing environment. A case study is included depicting results from a pilot implementation in a packaging line in a brewery.

The environmental impact of industrialization in East Asia and strategies toward sustainable development

The East Asian economy has been growing fast in recent years, and environmental stresses are building up rapidly. Transboundary air pollution, water shortages, drinking water contamination, freshwater and marine pollution, deforestation, climatic disasters, and other environmental problems are becoming serious threats to the well-being of people in this densely populated region. The ESI (environmental sustainability index) reported by the World Economic Forum in 2005 is a good indicator of the environmental status of the region; most East Asian countries ranked at the bottom. East Asia is not moving toward a sustainable society, and the environment will not sustain the current rate of economic development for long. The traditional culture of East Asia used to be sustainable, so we can learn much from our traditions. Land use should be planned from an ecological point of view so as to best preserve the land’s productivity and stability. There should be definite goals as to where and how much to preserve the three important ecological bases: forests, coastal wetlands and agricultural farms. The forest is the base for the terrestrial ecosystem, including flood control, water resources, and climate; the coastal wetland is the base for the marine ecosystem; farmland is the base for producing food. Within these defined goals, limits should be set on how much land can be utilized for activities like urban development, manufacturing, and recreation. Limits on the pollution load resulting from such activities should be set so as not to irreversibly damage the environment. Economic development should be planned to allow the use of energy and resources only after satisfying these constraints.

Applying Ecological Input‐Output Flow Analysis to Material Flows in Industrial Systems: Part I: Tracing Flows

Input‐output mathematics, which allows a modeler to fully consider direct and indirect relationships among conserved flows in a system, has a long history in economics with prominent use dating to Leontief in the 1930s. Nearly all previous industrial applications of input‐output analysis have been grounded in the monetary flows of an economy. Here however, because of the central nature of physical flows in the environmental impact of industry, we consider physical flows to be a fundamental component of an industrial economy. Hence, we propose an input‐output based approach for modeling physical flows in industry independent of their monetary implications.In this first part of a two‐part article, a framework for using input‐output mathematics to model material and energy flows is constructed from a foundation laid by previous research in nutrient and energy cycling in natural ecosystems. The mathematics of input‐output flow analysis is presented from an ecological perspective, culminating in two core capabilities: tracing of flows with environs (investigated in this article) and characterizing system behavior with flow metrics (presented in the second article). We assert that environ analysis is an effective means for tracing flows through industrial systems while fully considering direct and indirect flow paths. We explore material flows of aluminum and five other metals in depth using environ analysis in this article.

Environmental Impact of Industrialization in Thailand

Environmental impact of industrialization is the theme of countless papers and speeches delivered at numerous fora all over the world. This article cites, however, some specific cases of what actually happened in Thailand as an example of Third World countries where the problems are partially imported. As some causes are exogenous in nature, the problems cannot be solved entirely without international co-operation. Japanese involvements are highlighted in the hope of clearing up any misunderstanding through frank academic discussion so that a better image of Japan could be presented to the Thai public, thereby creating a friendly atmosphere conducive to future co operation. Efforts are also made to point out the ineffectiveness of the present Thai Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) mechanisms to deal with the rising pressures of vested interests. A multi-million dollar dam construction project partially funded by the Japanese is used to illustrate the points.