Entry Of Italy Research Articles

The determinants of poverty exits and entries and the role of social benefits: the Italian case

This paper uses a novel micro econometric approach to analyze the impact of social benefits on the individual probabilities of poverty exit and entry in Italy, and their relative importance with respect to other socio-economic determinants of poverty transitions. Year to year transitions are defined as dichotomous variables capturing the changes of the individual poverty status, and are analyzed using random effects probit models estimated on pooled Italian data from 9 longitudinal components of IT-SILC covering the period 2004–2015. Our results show that social benefits strongly counteract the adverse effects of individual characteristics like unemployment, work intensity, inactivity, household size (and composition) and past poverty experience on the individual probabilities of poverty exit and entry. Despite their important effects on the individual probabilities of transitions, however, social benefits have a limited coverage among the vulnerable groups of the population, which strongly limits their aggregate impact on transition rates and poverty rates.

On the Other Shore: The Atlantic Worlds of Italians in South America during the Great War

On the Other Shore: The Atlantic Worlds of Italians in South America during the Great War

If the dolphin come to help: Education and Health without Boundaries for transversal competences

Abstract Aims Italy is a veritable bridge to the Mediterranean that peoples, civilizations and cultures pass through. The exchange, confrontation and interaction are key element that could lead to greater well-being of the communities. The project called: “If the dolphin come to help: Education and Health drive the orientation path for transversal competences toward reception and integration with the aim to promote the educational development and cultural growth of students and, at the same time, to provide schools with the opportunity to enhance their educational offerings. Methods The geographical position leads our country to a particularly heavy task: to provide in a timely and appropriate way for the reception and livelihood of a very large number of people. Question assessed were.” Who are the migrants and what happens when they land in Italy? Where are they detained and for how long? What are the reception services that take care of migrants? The first step was to clarify the subject starting from the difference between asylum seekers, refugee, beneficiary of humanitarian protection / applicants for international protection, illegal immigrant, going through the process of entry in Italy at one of the four hotspots. The students worked in 3 groups creating one short story. The second step it was to encourage students, through the role playing tool, to reflect on what it feels like to be a migrant and what feelings you feel in front of a migrant. The third step was to ask to the student to describe with only one word the feelings. Results The stories were synthesized in a word cloud, through a string analysis algorithm in which the semantic fields of integration, acceptance and empathy prevailed. Immigration is perceived not as a problem but as a resource Conclusions Educational and health projects shared with high schools may be a useful tool to promote integration, acceptance and social cohesion beyond the limits of fear. Key messages Immigration today in our country is a very complex subject that is difficult to address in a few lines. Italy is on the route of the migratory flows of Africa and the Middle East. The project may be a trigger to create a place where everyone is equal and can access education, health and knowledge, not being denied because of the origin.

Religion as Resistance: Negotiating Authority in Italian Libya

Religion as Resistance: Negotiating Authority in Italian Libya

Giovanni Gagliardi – a virtuoso and a visionary of the accordion

Giovanni Gagliardi (1882–1964), an Italian composer and accordionist is now a forgotten artist. As early as in 1911, in Manualetto del fisarmonicista published in Paris, he postulated modifica- tions in the construction of the accordion, so as to improve the instrument's technical performance. The suggested modernisation of the accordion contributed to the development of the accordion repertoire, with new sound possibilities and new aesthetics. The life of the artist, who began his career as an itinerant player and reached the position of a virtuoso who was highly appreciated by Paris' bohemian artists, changed dramatically after the entry of Italy into World War I in 1915. His refusal to perform military service and after the end of the war also to perform public concerts, as well as 3.5 years of internment during World War II – show Gagliardi as a man engaged not only in musical matters, but also in public affairs. Until the end of his life, he played music in the comfort of his home, and in his correspondence with accordionists and in press interviews he promoted the instrument with a melodic manual. Giovanni Gagliardi was decades ahead of his time, but it was him that the history proved right.

Giovanni Gagliardi – wirtuoz i wizjoner akordeonu

Giovanni Gagliardi (1882–1964), an Italian composer and accordionist is now a forgotten artist. As early as in 1911, in Manualetto del fisarmonicista published in Paris, he postulated modifications in the construction of the accordion, so as to improve the instrument's technical performance. The suggested modernisation of the accordion contributed to the development of the accordion repertoire, with new sound possibilities and new aesthetics. The life of the artist, who began his career as an itinerant player and reached the position of a virtuoso who was highly appreciated by Paris’ bohemian artists, changed dramatically after the entry of Italy into World War I in 1915. His refusal to perform military service and after the end of the war also to perform public concerts, as well as 3.5 years of internment during World War II – show Gagliardi as a man engaged not only in musical matters, but also in public affairs. Until the end of his life, he played music in the comfort of his home, and in his correspondence with accordionists and in press interviews he promoted the instrument with free-bass system. Giovanni Gagliardi was decades ahead of his time, but it was him that the history proved right.

Slovenska Koroška 1917: med fronto in zaledjem

Category: 1.01 Original scientific paper Language: Original in Slovenian (Abstract in Slovenian and English, Summary in English) Key words: Carinthia, First World War, Economy, the Church, May declaration, Carinthian Slovenians, 1917 Abstract: In this paper the author considers the position of the Land of Carinthia during the First World War with emphasis on the year 1917. Firstly, he exposes the hinterland position of Carinthia, which was drastically altered by the entry of Italy into the war in 1915 on the side of the Entente powers. On the Austro-Hungarian-Italian border, a new frontline was formed which ran along the River Isonzo over mountain tops all the way to the Swiss border. A part of the frontline also ran across the southwestern part of Carinthia, where the areas most affected by Italian barrages were the Kanal and upper Zilja valleys. In the rest of Carinthia all was geared towards supporting the army on the battlefield. At the same time the authorities, by limiting personal freedoms, triggered persecution of Slovenian priests, who were often sent to prison over deliberate fabrications.

The HSR competition in Italy: How are the regulatory design and practices concerned?

Italy is nowadays the only European country to have organized a head-on competition on its whole high speed railway (HSR) network. This paper discusses the issues of this new market structure for the Italian Rail Regulator, both in terms of regulatory design and economic regulation practices. Such HSR competition and regulation took place in a very specific and ambivalent context (including declining Italian railway demand, negative European macroeconomic environment), together with a new ambitious and innovating private competitor (NTV) and strong reactions from the incumbent (Trenitalia). The Italian Rail Regulator's interventions look like more or less a set of everyday life decisions and empirical trade-off than a duly achieved economic doctrine and policy. The level of access charges seems to be a strategic variable to enlarge the scope for profitable entry in Italy. However, this new context still does not answer the question whether HSR operators reach their economic equilibrium in open access competition.

HCV and drug addiction in the historical scenario of infection entry in Italy

The objective of this revision is - through an analysis of the literature – to highlight the relevance and importance of drug addiction in the entry of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and acquired immunodeficiency (HIV) in Italy, with a review of the history of the HCV various strains that have spread over time through this population (especially in relation to genotypes 3, 4 and in part 1), using the most advanced methods related to the phylogeny and geography of the virus. (www.actabiomedica.it)

Italo-Australians during the second world war: Some perceptions of internment

The entry of Italy into the Second World War brought considerable disruption to the over thirty thousand strong Italo-Australian community whose presence was seen by the Australian authorities as a serious potential threat to national security. About 4,700 mainly male Italo-Australians were incarcerated in internment camps while women and children were left to fend for themselves in a highly hostile environment. Although a significant social-historical phenomenon, very few and at best highly partial studies (such as Bosworth and Ugolini 1992, Cresciani 1993, Martinuzzi O’Brien 1993, 2002, in press) have been produced on the subject. Many Italo-Australians however, have tended to reflect, often from a victimological viewpoint, on the internment experience in their memoirs and reminiscences. This paper provides an additional dimension to the topic by examining oral and written accounts produced by some Italo-Australian protagonists of the internment experience with a view to considering how their albeit subjective perceptions provide a particular viewpoint of one way in which Australia reacted to the events of war.

Fascist Italy and the Middle East, 1933-40, by Nir Arielli

This book meticulously puts flesh and blood on Mussolini's pretensions to make Fascist Italy the dominant Mediterranean imperial power, concentrating on the usually underestimated attempts to make an impression on the Middle East, where British and French interests ruled supreme. It inserts itself carefully into the continuing historiographical debate, largely conducted between British and American historians of Fascism and the conservative nationalist De Felician school of Italian historians, about Mussolini's real intentions in the Mediterranean. It partly validates the De Felician view that Mussolini's Middle Eastern policies were largely dictated by the vicissitudes of the relationship between Britain and Fascist Italy. Italian foreign policy was very anti-British after the Italian conquest of Ethiopia in 1935–6, less so after the so-called Easter Accords of 1938, which appeared to settle a range of contested issues between the two powers in the Mediterranean, from the Spanish Civil War to Arabia, and secured for Mussolini British recognition of Italy's East African empire. But the book ultimately parts company with the De Felician viewpoint that Mussolini's policies were only ever intended to bring about a recognition of imperial parity with Britain in the Mediterranean. De Felice's interpretation makes Britain's reluctance to accept the offer of Mediterranean parity the real cause of the breakdown of Anglo-Italian relations and Fascist Italy's entry into the Second World War on the side of its Axis partner, Nazi Germany. Instead, the book makes clear that Mussolini was serious about achieving Mediterranean hegemony, rather than parity in agreement with Britain; thus, when the Middle East became a major theatre of war for Fascist Italy and the Axis, this was in fact the culmination, or extension into war, of inter-war policies which aimed to bring the region into the Italian Fascist sphere of influence.

Chinese FDI strategy in Italy: the 'Marco Polo' effect

This study investigates the motivations driving Chinese outward direct investment to Italy. The analysis is based on secondary sources and in-depth interviews with key informants and senior managers of Chinese affiliates in Italy. The evolution of the Chinese firms' pattern of entry in Italy confirms the model followed by Chinese firms in other European countries, but we obtain some additional interesting results. Chinese investments in Italy are increasingly targeting the acquisition of technological capabilities and of design skills and brands to tap local competences available in specialised manufacturing clusters in sectors such as automotives and home appliances. They try to link, leverage and learn from foreign acquisitions. The main

An improved data-collection form for the surveillance of HIV infection in Italy

Background: The data-collection form used for Italy's recently established national HIV surveillance systemdoes not include sufficient information to thoroughly describe the dynamics of the epidemic. In addition,comparisons with data from other European countries are difficult. To address this issue, we have developeda more detailed form based on forms used in other European countries.Methods: Data-collection forms used in other countries were evaluated, and the information collected wascategorised by topic. Based on this evaluation, a form was developed for use in Italy.Results: The forms used in other countries are more detailed than the Italian form, and we propose addingthe following information to the Italian form: i) the year of entry in Italy for non-nationals; ii) testing pattern(i.e., the number of tests in the previous two years and during lifetime); iii) whether or not infection wasrecent, based on the antibody avidity index, and which test and cut-off were used; iv) whether or not testingwas performed in the acute phase of infection, based on symptoms; and v) a checklist of reasons forundergoing testing. We also added a “Comments” section for information not recorded elsewhere on theform.Discussion: The more detailed form will allow for a more thorough description of the characteristics of newlyinfected persons and of the dynamics of the epidemic in Italy, which is fundamental for prevention and controlinitiatives. It will also allow for comparisons to be made against data from other European countries, revealingimportant similarities and differences.

The Phillips curve and the Italian lira, 1861–1998

We examine Italian inflation rates and the Phillips curve with a very long-run perspective, one that covers the entire existence of the Italian lira from political unification (1861) to Italy's entry in the European Monetary Union (end of 1998). We first study the volatility, persistence and stationarity of the Italian inflation rate over the long run and across various exchange-rate regimes that have shaped Italian monetary history. Next, we estimate alternative Phillips equations and investigate whether nonlinearities, asymmetries and structural changes characterize the inflation-output trade-off in the long run. We capture the effects of structural changes and asymmetries on the estimated parameters of the inflation-output trade-off, relying partly on sub-sample estimates and partly on time-varying parameters estimated via the Kalman filter. Finally, we investigate causal relationships between inflation rates and output and extend the analysis to include the US and the UK for comparison purposes. The inference is that Italy has experienced a conventional inflation-output trade-off only during times of low inflation and stable aggregate supply.

Verification of imported food upon import for radiation processing: Dried herbs, including herbs used in food supplements, and spices by PSL and TL

The Italian National Institute of Health in 2005–2006 performed an analytical survey of import on dried spices and herbs, including herbs used in food supplements, to investigate the entry in Italy of irradiated, and not correctly labelled, raw materials. In this survey, 52 samples, including nine herbal extracts, were collected. The method of photo-stimulated luminescence (PSL) was applied to all samples and only samples screened positive or intermediate with PSL were analysed by using the thermo-luminescence (TL) method. Out of the 12 samples screened positive or intermediate with PSL, the TL method confirmed irradiation of five samples (10% of the total assayed samples). One out of these five samples was a herbal supplement whereas three were herbal extracts that are known to be used as ingredients of herbal supplements, and another one was a spice.

La nascita del federalismo municipalista

Reform of Part V of its constitution in 2001 saw the entry of Italy into a federalist era. Is it possible to imagine the start of this process of change as credible without there having been any modification to the territorial distribution of local powers? Naturally no, and so federalism is at risk of self destruction as a result of the new tensions between different areas. The federal plan, in fact, has been constructed on a municipal arrangement which today still remains outmoded, and it is in that basic contradiction that the main difficulties lie today. The paper shows that we have entered an age of federalism without having resolved the problems that arose with the unification of the country. We therefore risk finding ourselves again in an ever smaller and more isolated world, organised around a multiplicity of powers of veto that will transform the country into a place where there is a perpetual negotiation of public decisions. To introduce greater efficiency and democracy we would in fact have to reorganise local authorities, starting with for example, a reduction of the approximately six thousand municipalities that have less than five thousand inhabitants.

Italian Involvement in the Arab Revolt in Palestine, 1936–1939

Italian involvement in the Arab Revolt in Palestine (1936–1939) was perhaps the most explicit example of Rome's attempt to destabilize London's position in the Middle East, prior to Italy's entry to the Second World War. This article examines the mechanisms of Fascist Italy's assistance to the rebels in Palestine, focusing on the secret contacts between Italian officials and the Mufti of Jerusalem, Hajj Amin al-Husayni. It describes the financial support given by Italy as well as the attempts to smuggle arms to Palestine. The article also analyses Rome's diplomatic manoeuvres in connection with Palestine and its pro-Arab propaganda. It is argued that Italian policy in Palestine was governed by, and subordinate to, wider considerations of Italian policy such as imperial competition with Great Britain and a desire to increase Italy's influence in the Middle East. In fact, Fascist involvement in the ‘first Intifada’ teaches us more about Italian foreign policy than it does on the course of events in Palestine during the Arab rebellion.

Italia: primer caso de disciplinamiento juvenil de masas

In the first years of the XXth Century, a progressive nationalization of Italian student youth began. These young people were the major base of those responsible for the entry of Italy into the First World War and of the officers who kept up the war mobilisation for three years. At the end of the war, these young people, as well as many adolescent students who had not taken part in the war, set up squads, usually fascist-led, in order to destroy the peasant and worker movement organisations. The fascism that came into power in 1922 made these youths the image of a «regenerated nation», and tried to educate them as an ideal reflection of the regime. It was the first model of young people’s authoritarian disciplining into a «state youth» and it inspired other European dictatorships. But this totalitarian framing did not stand up to test of the Second World War. Within the civil society, in 1943 the younger generations’ mobilisation made the regime’s police control reach crisis point, as they reached out to destroy fascist symbols in an iconoclastic way.

Still With Us After All of These Years: Trends in Youth Labour Market Entry, Home-Leaving and Human Capital Accumulation in Italy 1993-2003

In this paper I examine a number of issues related to the Italian youth labour market and, in particular, youth labour market entry, over the last decade or so. The Italian youth labour market has a number of characteristics, present to a degree in other countries, but which by their pronounced character mark it apart from other European Countries. The analysis presented here is essentially motivated by concern with two of these: a) the very high youth unemployment rate, and, above-all high ratio of youth to adult unemployment rates; and b) the strong and increasing tendency for youngish Italians to remain in the parental home. The paper takes a broad approach to the analysis of these questions looking first at time trends in labour market entry, human capital accumulation, home leaving and family formation on the basis of information contained in the Italian Labour Force Survey using also the Bank of Italy's Survey on Household Income and Wealth. The analysis also employs a broad definition of young people which is extended to include young people up to 34 years old rather than the conventional definition using only 15-24-year-olds. Reduced form panel estimates of the determinants of the behavioural variables are derived. The approach adopted is close in spirit and methodology to the work undertaken by Card & Lemieux (2000) in the North American context, O'Higgins (2003) on global trends and O'Higgins (2005) in the Italian context. It is complementary to the recent studies of home leaving and labour market entry in Italy which tend to concentrate on single specific determinants of, for example, home-leaving such as in Becker at al. (2004) on the impact of job uncertainty or Mannacorda & Moretti (2004) on the impact of parental income. The analysis identifies a substantial impact of labour market conditions in shaping young people's choices. The results also highlight the importance of distinguishing the effects of these aggregates by age and throw some light on the interrelationship between the phenomena under study. It may be seen as a first step in a broader research programme aimed at identifying the central factors driving young people's transition choices in recent years.

The Politics of the Northern League and Italy's Changing Attitude Towards Europe

Abstract The Northern League has risen to prominence in Italian politics over the last twenty years and has firmly placed the so‐called ‘Northern question’ at the top of the political agenda. In the mid‐1990s, prior to Italy's entry into the Single Currency, the League was decidedly pro‐European, arguing that the future of the North lay within a closely integrated ‘Europe of the regions’. From this perspective, being closer to Brussels meant being further away from Rome. The EU, however, did not prove to be the panacea that Umberto Bossi, the flamboyant leader of the League, had hoped and expected. Italy's successful entry into the Euro effectively undermined one of the central planks of the discourse surrounding secession while the Maastricht Treaty's attempt to empower regions, via institutions such as the Committee of the Regions, turned out to amount to very little. Therefore, as this article explores, in recent years the party has somewhat controversially shifted its discourse towards a staunchly anti‐EU stance, arguing that the EU is too bureaucratic and that it takes too much sovereignty away from member states. Such anti‐European rhetoric is clearly inflammatory and it also signals, rather intriguingly, something of a U‐turn in the party's stance towards the EU. The interesting point however, which the article goes on to discuss is the way in which the League's anti‐European rhetoric is influencing the direction in which the Italian government (of which it is a part) is heading. In addition, this shift raises potentially important issues that are likely to become more and more relevant elsewhere amongst other regionalist parties in the EU.