Entrepreneurial Proactiveness Research Articles

Perceived Technological Innovativeness, Entrepreneurial Proactiveness, and Performance in Established Women-Led Companies

The contribution of women as corporate executives to their companies’ entrepreneurial outcomes is significant, as they can often enhance critical aspects of organizational innovativeness and proactiveness. This research investigated the effect of perceived technological innovativeness (PTI) on perceived entrepreneurial proactiveness (PEP) and, subsequently, the effect of PEP on the perceived company performance (PCP) of established firms with females in their top management teams. An examination of a judgmental sample of 83 female executives employed in Greek firms with over €10 million annual turnover showed that PTI had a significant and positive effect on PEP, and subsequently, PEP had a significant and positive effect on PCP. Apart from corroborating existing literature about the positive impact of entrepreneurial proactiveness on company performance, the study indicated that, according to the perceptions of female executives, entrepreneurial proactiveness acts as a bridge between technological innovativeness and company performance. Thus, it appeared that when a company is characterized by (or fosters the advancement of) technological innovativeness, it encourages creative thinking and focuses on opportunity identification and exploitation. This proactive approach to technological innovativeness enables the organization to improve its performance by staying ahead of its competitors, adapting to the dynamic environment, anticipating future market trends and exploiting opportunities.

ARCHDIOCESE OF JAKARTA: AN ANALYSIS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL PROACTIVENESS AND RISK TAKING

The Archdiocese of Jakarta, Indonesia's oldest diocese with a dynamic megapolitan population, must be proactive and willing to take risks in order to meet the needs of Catholics and fulfill its mission to the general public. With 37 parishes and a diverse parishioner population, Catholic priests encounter a variety of problems in carrying out the church's mission. A proactive approach and the willingness to take risks can boost organizational success. There has been no previous research on the Roman Catholic church with the concept of entrepreneurship, hence this study fills a research gap in terms of entrepreneurship theory and context in religious organizations. Using the framework of entrepreneurial proactiveness and entrepreneurial risk taking, in-depth interviews with 19 parish priests revealed that 19 parish priests applied entrepreneurial concepts to their ministry work. This study adds to the academic side of entrepreneurship in the context of religious non-profit organizations and offers practical guidance to NPO managers who are in a similar scenario.

Entrepreneurial Pro-Activeness and Business Sustainability: Implications on Customers’ Satisfaction

This study censoriously surveyed the relationship between entrepreneurial pro-activeness and customers‘ satisfaction of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos State in Nigeria. To realize this objective, a total of 120 CEO’S/MD’S and heads of functional units of the selected small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos State, Nigeria, were sampled. The data was analysed using Pearson correlation analysis. The result showed that business pro-activeness has affirmative important effect on corroborating satisfaction derived by customers. Based on the result of the study, it was recommended that management should ensure always that all departments within the firm work in harmony having a proactive entrepreneurial mind-set to give the magnificence in the structure of the organization thereby enhancing their level of sustainability.

Study on Green Products Innovation of Fashion SME “NP”

Innovation is a social and economic success due to the discovery of new solutions that significantly improve value offered to customers and benefits perceived by customers with cost exchanges as profits. Therefore, innovation becomes a competitive advantage for MSME to have the ability to compete and survive in dynamic markets. The purpose of this research is to examine innovations in the green products of MSME Fashion. The research uses qualitative methods with semi-structured interviews and observations. Data is obtained through in-depth interviews with three informants namely the owner and two employees of Fashion SME and triangulation to two consumers of the Fashion SME. The results of this research shows that innovations of green products conducted by Fashion SME have achieved innovation successes. The successes of such innovations include business success, technical success, and financial success. In addition, entrepreneurial proactiveness plays a very important role in developing sustainable innovation so that consumers are not saturated, and still developing innovations to be a competitive advantage of the company, both in terms of service and product quality.

Will Entrepreneurial Orientation Contribute to Entrepreneurial Success?

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of entrepreneurial orientation on entrepreneurial success. The study population is the 9,450 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) who are registered members of the National Association of Small and Medium Enterprises (NASME), National Association of Small Scale Industrialists (NASSI) and Association of Small Business Owners in Nigeria (ASBON) in Lagos State. The study employs probability sampling technique and specifically, proportionate stratified random sampling method to select it samples from the sampling frame. Sample size of 381 determined using the formula developed by the National Education Association (1960) for sample size determination was used for this study. The study employed questionnaire as research instrument to collect primary data on the dependent variable (Entrepreneurial success) and independent variable (Entrepreneurial orientation). Entrepreneurial orientation measures are: Innovativeness, Proactiveness and Risk taking while measures for entrepreneurial success are: profitability, market share, net asset growth, sales growth and government policies. The questionnaire was pretested by a pilot study of 50 selected SMEs. Data from the pilot study was analyzed and based on the result, the questionnaire was slightly modified giving an overall Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.853. The value of F (3,206) = 21.848, p <.05, shows that the combined effect of innovativeness, risk taking and pro-activeness was statistically significant in explaining changes in entrepreneurial success in Lagos State. The findings of the study also reveal that entrepreneurial pro-activeness had the highest influence on SMEs entrepreneurial success because the p value was 0.000 followed by risk taking with 0.007, and lastly innovativeness with a p value of 0.942. This finding may be of help to the owner/managers of SMEs to be more entrepreneurial oriented and developed competitive edge in order for them to survive the intensely competitive market environment.

Role of Knowledge Management in Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Ecosystems Through Corporate Entrepreneurship and Strategic Intent in High-tech Firms

The paper studies the role of knowledge management in enhancing the entrepreneurial ecosystem using knowledge management, co-governance, and co-management in high-tech firms. All these factors are important variables defining entrepreneurial ecosystem. The key drivers of knowledge management include intelligence generation and intelligence dissemination which are also critical variables of market intelligence for developing new products and creating new business creation as strategic business units in the entrepreneurial firm. The objective of the paper is to understand the dynamics of the components of sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems, with an emphasis on the role of knowledge creation, diffusion, and application across the spectrum of high-tech organizations and their co-governance process and co-management processes.The methodology includes an empirical study based on data collected from all over India. More than 381 data were collected and analyzed using SPSS. Factor analysis and reliability analysis were used to find the reliability of questionnaire. Regression and correlation were used to analyze the influence of knowledge management processes on entrepreneurial ecosystem. Also, we analyzed the role of management support in facilitating culture for enabling corporate entrepreneurship. Response rate was 19.25%. The detailed case study of NASA and IBM was also undertaken to study the knowledge management system (Bixler & Stankosky, 2005). The paper undertakes the management approach to shed new light on the evolving role of knowledge on newbusiness creation and new product development. On the basis of analysis, it was found that entrepreneurial ecosystem includes the entrepreneurial proactiveness which is significantly influenced by lifecycle and strategic intent of high-tech firms. Moreover, leadership, knowledge management, and management support are the other components of entrepreneurial ecosystem that may influence the culture of innovation for facilitating entrepreneurship. The study also showed that culture is also influenced by the degree of involvement of the employees in pursuing the new ventures.The global implications of the paper include the advancement in the theory and body of knowledge in terms of development of correlation between the components of entrepreneurial ecosystem and knowledge management and strategic intent. The present study identifies the role of knowledge management in enhancing entrepreneurial culture, innovation, and new business creation within the firm to make it more competitive in the global arena. The concept of using intelligence generation and dissemination of knowledge through knowledge management systems has not been studied before with respect to entrepreneurial ecosystem and competitiveness, and there was a huge gap in the literature and managerial practice. Earlier studies have not identified the processes of knowledge management such as role of intelligence generation and dissemination and especially how the companies are implementing these processes. Interestingly, the study also covers the process of knowledge management implementation by describing such processes in NASA and IBM. For explaining these processes, the author has studied the case study of NASA and IBM which is the major contribution toward the managerial and research contributions through this study. The study balances practice with application and theory with the underlying concepts.

What affects nascent entrepreneurs’ proactiveness

Proactiveness is a pervasive phenomenon in entrepreneurial organisations, however, the existing literatures mainly focus on entrepreneurial orientation, proactiveness is only regarded as one dimension of EO, and most studies on EO are at the level of firm, not the individual. Based on effectuation theory, this study utilized data from CPSED and examined the antecedents of nascent entrepreneurs' proactiveness. We find that entrepreneurial experience has a positive effect on nascent entrepreneurs’ proactiveness while management education and systematic search have negative effect. These findings add to the effectuation and entrepreneurial proactiveness literatures.

Climate-entrepreneurship in response to climate change

PurposeThis study aims to explore South Korean firms’ reactions to climate change issues and the Korean emissions trading scheme (ETS) from the perspective of proactive climate-entrepreneurship. Differences in attitude toward the Korean ETS, implementation of carbon management practices and performance regarding operations, market and emission reductions are also investigated.Design/methodology/approachA research model was developed to investigate the differences in corporate perception of climate change. Using a cluster analysis and analysis of variance with 94 South Korean companies subject to the Korean ETS, the study identified carbon strategies and examined differences in characteristics among the strategies. This study undertook a robustness test by comparing the results from a large sample (n = 261) with those of the original sample (n = 94).FindingsThe study identifies four different carbon strategies based on climate-entrepreneurial proactivity: the “explorer,” “hesitator,” “attempter” and “laggard.” The “explorer” cluster is likely to have a proactive stance toward the Korean ETS regulation, while the “laggard” cluster shows resistance to this new climate policy. Entrepreneurial proactivity in carbon strategies is related to the actual adoption, implementation and effectiveness of carbon management practices.Originality/valueThis research is one of the few studies to explore differences in corporate response to climate change from the perspective of entrepreneurship. The study provides a theoretical foundation for extending the literature on the strategic management of climate change issues.

Effect of Experiential Teaching Methodology on Personality and Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Proposed Framework

Personality has been found to be a primary antecedent to gauge entrepreneurial intentions of an individual. A holistic view of personality is better at understanding this relationship, and may be of more benefit to the individual and assessor. Among students of higher education institutions, entrepreneurial intentions are declining. Individuals with higher entrepreneurial intentions respond better to experiential teaching methodology. In this was higher education institutions may be able to increase the entrepreneurial intentions of the students by using experiential teaching methodologies. This study proposes the use of experiential teaching methodology as a moderator to better understand the relationship between; entrepreneurial proactivity, entrepreneurial creativity, entrepreneurial opportunism and entrepreneurial vision with entrepreneurial intentions. This study also elaborates on the use of entrepreneurial event model as the underpinning theory and human capital theory as the supporting theory to build the proposed research framework.

THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF PRODUCT INNOVATION CAPABILITY ON ENTREPRENEURIAL PRO-ACTIVENESS AND HOTEL PERFORMANCE

This study is based on a phenomenon that occurred in Thai hotel industry. Nowadays, innovation is a critical concern in most enterprises particular in hotel businesses due to the fact that hotels have the uniqueness of product and service. For a hotel to be competitive and achieve efficient outcomes, it is important to understand the manager’s perspectives of product innovation capability (PIC) and entrepreneurial pro-activeness (EPA) that lead to hotel performance (HP). The purpose of this study was to examine and explain the PIC in mediating the effect of EPA and HP in Thailand. A structured questionnaire was developed to collect data from 240 hotel managers in Thailand. The constructs were measured by using established scales. A structural equation model (SEM) was used to examine research hypotheses. The results showed that PIC has a direct and significant impact on HP and strongly mediates the relationship between EPA and HP. An important finding of this study is being able to integrate the effect of EPA towards HP through PIC as a mediating variable. This finding is also encouraging for hotel owners and managers in implementation and development of strategies appropriate to the environment, and achievement of competitive advantage. It is anticipated that these factors will lead to higher levels of product and service in the Thai hotel industry and enhance the positive travel experiences in Thailand.

Intelligence management opportunities for SMEs

Purpose– Unfortunately, the majority of studies examining business intelligence (BI) have focused on its exploitation in large firms. Often studies appear to assume that smaller firms have limited interest or capabilities in intelligence. The purpose of this paper is to redress this imbalance by extending the role of intelligence (intelligence management (IM)) to small and medium enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approach– Data from a sample of 650 SMEs are analysed using multivariate techniques.Findings– The results of the data analysis suggest that entrepreneurial pro-activeness is dependent on IM and Knowledge management; but also that a model fit exists between the IM and the ability of SMEs to enact and sustain entrepreneurial opportunities. The authors also found that firm size is a determining factor in the effectiveness of IM.Originality/value– This study seeks to extend prior research which alludes to the fact that the decision-making capabilities of firms can be substantially enhanced through the exploitation of BI capabilities among SMES, which traditionally have not considered intelligence as a key competitive competency.

THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN ORIENTATIONS: ENTREPRENEURIAL, TECHNOLOGY AND CUSTOMER ORIENTATIONS IN SOFTWARE COMPANIES

This study examines the interplay between entrepreneurial, technology and customer orientations and company performance using data from 164 software companies. To conduct the analysis, the study applies PLS (partial least squares) modeling to understand the direct and indirect effects of entrepreneurial, customer and technology orientations on the performance of a software company. The results indicate that entrepreneurial and customer orientations directly affect performance, but, in this context, they do not support the view that a technology orientation directly enhances performance. More importantly, results suggest that an entrepreneurial orientation positively affects both customer and technology orientations. It appears that software companies need a capability to serve customers well, but also need to recognize new business opportunities from within their current customer relationships. The results suggest that to achieve high levels of performance, software companies need to balance the elements of entrepreneurial proactiveness and innovation with customer needs.

FACTORS NURTURING ACADEMIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN TAIWAN

Although academic research institutions have become a major player in protecting, transferring, and commercializing their knowledge base, little research has examined in enterprising research results from the angle of academic entrepreneurs. This paper examined the factors fostering academic entrepreneurship from institutional, organizational, and individual aspects, especially in Taiwan. Based on the Patent Database of the National Science Council, Taiwan, 474 academic entrepreneurs who owned patents were identified. Via a postal survey, 229 questionnaires were collected with an overall. response rate of 48%. Through factor analysis, five key success factors fostering academic entrepreneurship were identified. The key success factors to foster academic entrepreneurship in Taiwan include entrepreneurial network, organizational infrastructures, entrepreneurial legitimacy, entrepreneurial pro-activeness, and entrepreneurial rewards. Thus, the paper concluded that nurturing academic entrepreneurship in Taiwan is evidently shaped by not only micro factors such as entrepreneurial networks and characteristics but also macro factors such as entrepreneurial infrastructures and rewards from universities and increasing legitimacy of academic entrepreneurship.

The Role of Market Orientation in the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Proactiveness and Performance

The relationship between entrepreneurial proactiveness and business performance has often been implicitly assumed to be positive. The thrust in this argument is the firm's ability to anticipate needs in the marketplace and also to anticipate the action of its competitors. However, very little research has been done to examine this relationship. The present study makes an attempt to examine this relationship. The study makes an attempt to identify the role of market orientation as a moder ating factor between entrepreneurial proactiveness and business performance. The paper presents the results of the study carried out in the Spanish ceramic tile sector. The study used validated scales to measure the entrepreneurial proactive ness and market orientation. The statistical technique used is path analysis. The research concluded that entrepreneurial proactiveness has a positive effect on market orientation, which again in turn has a positive effect on business profitability and sales growth.