Entrepreneurial Intention Of Women Research Articles

Entrepreneurial Development and Entrepreneurial Intentions of Women in North-Central Nigeria

This study aimed at attitude towards entrepreneurship development and entrepreneurial intentions of women in North-Central Nigeria. The study investigated the effect of women entrepreneurial attitude on the degree of entrepreneurial intentions, and examined the effect of business education and entrepreneurial training on the entrepreneurial intentions of women in North-Central Nigeria among others. To achieve the research goal, the survey research design was used. The population of the study was 1,027 women business owners. The sample was chosen using a multi-stage sampling technique. The sample size of 280 was obtained for the study. Data were generated and analysed using both descriptive statistics and Multiple Regression. Finding showed that women entrepreneurial attitude has strong effect on the degree of entrepreneurial intentions, and that business education and entrepreneurial training have weak effects on the entrepreneurial intentions of women in North-Central Nigeria. The study concluded that women's entrepreneurial attitudes have a massive effect on their entrepreneurial intentions. This study recommended that government and policy makers should design an entrepreneurship programme with the sole aim of inspiring positive women’s entrepreneurial attitude, and also develop entrepreneurship framework that captures gender-sensitive business education and training to boost the entrepreneurial intentions of women in North-Central Nigeria.

DETERMINANTS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION OF WOMEN IN SRILANKA

In terms of the population that is economically active, Sri Lanka has one of the lowest proportions of women. Women entrepreneurs are individuals who put their own unique ideas into practice, coordinate and integrate numerous production factors, and run their companies while accepting the related risk. Women can increase their engagement in the labor force by being encouraged to become entrepreneurs and launch their own enterprises. Although they make up a small share of all employers today, women make up a tiny portion of those starting or running new businesses. Although there have been numerous studies conducted to examine the entrepreneurial intentions of academics, graduates, and students, little is known about the entrepreneurial intentions of women in the Sri Lankan environment. Further research is needed to address the issue of women being underutilized resources and to identify the elements that influence women’s entrepreneurial intentions. As a result, the current study was conducted to identify the variables influencing women’s entrepreneurial intentions in Sri Lanka in order to address the issue of the lack of female employers. The study was quantitative and cross-sectional in nature. 200 women were picked using a convenience selection method, and each received a structured questionnaire. The SPSS 23 tool was used to do a multiple regression analysis and calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient on the data set. Results revealed a significant inverse association between age, family background, and entrepreneurial inclination. The findings also showed a substantial positive association between women’s ambition to start their own business and business experience, the need for more money, the want for security, the desire for status, self-efficacy, the inclination to take risks, and cultural attitudes. Women’s entrepreneurial ambition was not shown to be statistically related to education, need for achievement, locus of control, inventiveness, social network, economic status, political procedures, or perceived amount of support. It can be concluded that, when women own their own businesses or work for themselves, their income levels are greater, which gives them more freedom to make their own decisions and A woman might have business goals without being a relative of an entrepreneur.

Gender Differentials in Entrepreneurship: Insights from a Multi-method Study

Gender inequality is an obstacle to inclusive growth, and literature reveals shortcomings in the basic entrepreneurial assumption of equal access to resources, support and economic opportunities for women. International bodies have emphasised the need to examine gender differentials at various levels like, country, organisational and individual levels. Our study is a novel attempt in this direction and aims to build a comprehensive understanding of gender differentials in entrepreneurship using multi-method research design. We analyse and integrate findings from the macro-level using national level datasets (NSSO and Economic Census) and the micro-level using surveys (primary data and GEM India data). Our results note a gender equality lacuna, calling for the need to include meaningful sex-disaggregated data in national surveys, the entrepreneurial intentions of women, behavioural traits impacting women entrepreneurs, the importance of entrepreneurship education, fear of failure, self-confidence and the need for role models. We propose a model of macro and micro factors impacting women entrepreneurship in developing countries.

Does National Gender Equality Matter? Gender Difference in the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Human Capital and Entrepreneurial Intention

Gender equality contributes to economic growth and social progress by promoting women’s social and economic participation. The national gender equality level can affect women’s education and opportunities for economic participation. In this work, we examine whether entrepreneurial human capital (entrepreneurial education and experience) affects entrepreneurial intention and whether these relationships depend on gender and a country’s gender equality level. We used Global Entrepreneurship Trend Report (GETR) data provided by the Korean Entrepreneurship Foundation. The global survey was conducted by the Korean National Statistical Office in 2016. The data were collected from 20 countries, including Korea, and contain at least 2000 individual responses from each country. We used HLM analysis with the HLM 6.0 program to examine the hypotheses. Our results show that entrepreneurship education increases entrepreneurial intention, and that the relationship is stronger among women than men. We also found that for women, the positive relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intention is stronger in countries with lower gender equality. As for prior entrepreneurial experience, neither gender nor national gender equality level moderated the relationship between experience and entrepreneurial intention. This study contributes to the extension of entrepreneurship theory, especially in the area of women entrepreneurship. We confirm that entrepreneurial human capital contributes to entrepreneurial intention, and that gender and national gender equality level comprise an important social context that influences the effects of education and experience on the entrepreneurial intention of women.

The Impact of Psychological Factors on Women Entrepreneurial Inclination: Mediating Role of Self-Leadership.

The worth of women’s entrepreneurship is accepted globally, but there is less focus on it in developing countries, and societal expectations mean women often lack the confidence to start their own business. The core purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of personality traits on women’s inclination toward entrepreneurship. The personality traits are measured through the dimensions of openness, neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness. Further, the study introduced the mediator of self-leadership on personality traits and entrepreneurial intentions of women. The study is quantitative in nature and used a questionnaire survey to collect the data by convenience sampling technique. The data was collected in the context of Pakistan, and Smart PLS was chosen for further analysis. The findings revealed the significance of the relationship between personality traits and entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, the study also highlighted the significance of self-leadership as a mediator and proposed significant relationships. The study suggested that personality issues should be considered and used from a business perspective, and self-leadership is important for women. The study provides room for policymakers and institutes to inform educational policies to motivate women entrepreneurs for the future.

Gender, risk-taking and entrepreneurial intentions: assessing the impact of higher education longitudinally

PurposeThis longitudinal study assesses whether higher education has the same impact on the entrepreneurial intentions of women and men with regard to their propensity to risk-taking in particular.Design/methodology/approachA self-administrated survey instrument was used to collect data from students studying business and engineering at five selected universities in Turkey. The survey was carried out in two intervals: first year and fourth year of studies. A total of 215 student participated in both waves.FindingsThe findings indicate that the impact of education is stronger for women than for men as the relationship between gender and entrepreneurial intention is moderated by education and risk-taking propensity in that the entrepreneurial intention of women with high or low risk-taking propensity increases when they acquire higher education. In particular, the boost is more noticeable for women with low risk-taking propensity. On the contrary, the effect of education is negative for men with both high risk-taking propensity and low risk-taking propensity.Practical implicationsThis study has identified that the impact of education is different for women and men. Based on these findings, Turkey could offer gender-specific entrepreneurship education in higher education for individuals who could then exploit their entrepreneurial capacity and thus contribute to the social and economic well-being of the country.Originality/valueThis paper makes two distinct contributions. First, this is one of the few longitudinal studies in the literature which demonstrates the differences between females and males in terms of their entrepreneurial intention and shows how risk-taking and education influence entrepreneurial intention. Second, it offers new insights into entrepreneurship research from a developing-country but emerging-economy context.

Entrepreneurial Intentions of Women: A literature review

Entrepreneurial Intentions of Women: A literature review

Attitudinal and Structural Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intentions of Women

Entrepreneurial intentions have been shown to be a good predictor of entrepreneurial activity, and consequently have attracted the attention of many scholars and policy makers. Because entrepreneurial activity provides an economic engine for job growth, it is crucial to identify what drives entrepreneurial intentions. Extant literature has focused on such factors as the availability of capital, governmental support, individual networks, and culture. This study empirically investigates the expected linkage between attitudinal and structural factors and the intensity of intention to start a business for women entrepreneurs in the southeastern United States. Results from a survey of 1200 women intending to start a business in reveal that significant attitudinal and structural barriers remain for women entrepreneurs. The paper concludes with implications for women entrepreneurs, policy makers, and for future research.

Benchmarking financial inclusion for women entrepreneurship – a study of Uttarakhand state of India

PurposeBenchmarking is a very important tool to know the gap in your performance and best performance. It is possible to apply benchmarking in a wide variety of area. This paper uses benchmarking for assessing women entrepreneurship. Women entrepreneurship is a symbol of the balanced growth of the society. Financial inclusion schemes offered by the government are aimed to encourage a large number of women of the country to entrepreneurship. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of financial inclusion and others factor like family circumstances, benchmarking, entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial intention of women on their decision to take up entrepreneurship as a career choice.Design/methodology/approachThis research study is undertaken to understand the relation of financial inclusion schemes on women entrepreneurship and also to develop a cause–effect relationship. Here, financial inclusion effort is an independent variable, whereas women entrepreneurship is a dependent variable. A sample size of 250 women entrepreneur was taken. The sample was selected on the basis of convenience. Out of the total sample, 125 women belonged to the self-help group and 125 women were registered under the RSETI program of lead banks of Haridwar and Dehradun districts of the Uttarakhand state of India.FindingsThe results of the present study indicate that there is a statistically significant impact of financial inclusion on women entrepreneurship. It provides the platform to the women that help them in establishing a new business.Research limitations/implicationsData for present study were collected from two districts of Uttarakhand. In future, data can be collected from different geographical areas of India for generalizing the findings of the study.Practical implicationsThe results of present study indicate that there is a statistically significant impact of financial inclusion on women entrepreneurship. It provides the platform to the women that help them in establishing a new business. For promoting women toward entrepreneurship, the government has launched many schemes.Social implicationsAfter the study, the author found that the society will accept the fact that women entrepreneurship is emerging as a dire need for the country.Originality/valueThe author followed all the guidelines that were concerned about the originality of the paper. This paper is not under review of any journal.

The mediating impact of personality traits on entrepreneurial intention of women in Northern Montenegro

Entrepreneurs are imperative for the long-term economic growth of any country. By taking different factors in considerations, researchers are trying to discover how important entrepreneurial intention is. This paper examines the three most important groups of factors affecting entrepreneurial intention of women in the north region of Montenegro. The study uses path analysis to understand the impact of personal background, personality traits, and environmental factors on entrepreneurial intention of women. According to the framework of the study, personal background and environmental factors have an impact on entrepreneurial intention of women through personality traits. The relationships between variables were evaluated using factor analysis, reliability, descriptive statistics, correlations, and regression in this study. The research is based on a sample of 202 women in Northern Montenegro. The study demonstrates that personality traits have a mediating influence between business experience, family support, government support, entry barriers to business, and entrepreneurial intention of women.

The mediating impact of personality traits on entrepreneurial intention of women in Northern Montenegro

The mediating impact of personality traits on entrepreneurial intention of women in Northern Montenegro

GIRLZ'N THE HOOD - DISCOVERING THE DETERMINANTS OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION OF WOMEN IN DEPRIVED URBAN AREAS

This article presents an exploratory study on the determinants of social entrepreneurial intention of women in deprived areas. A qualitative design is adopted to understand what conduce women to business creation. Six life stories of women met in the heart of the 'cite des Quatre-Mille', a deprived area next to Paris, in the city of La Courneuve are analysed. Those six entrepreneurs-to-be offer the opportunity to enrich the traditional push and pull factors of entrepreneurial intention. The economic dimension seems to be essential, as those women want to create their own job (push). According to the societal, territorial and social dimensions, it is more about a desire to improve their surroundings and to play a societal and territorial role (pull). It is therefore a challenge but above all a crystallisation of another way of considering entrepreneurship, which is seen as a way to change their everyday life and their immediate environment rather than to change the world.

The Impact of Personal Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Behavioural Control on Entrepreneurial Intentions of Women

In the last decade, female entrepreneurship has been identified as one of the most important unutilised sources of economic growth. Entrepreneurial intention of women has become a key element in establishing a new business. The factors influencing entrepreneurial intention of women, particularly in developing countries, have attracted curiosity lot of attention. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between demographic variables, personal attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, and entrepreneurial intentions of women in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. A total of 216 questionnaires were collected from women in two big cities in Bosnia: Tuzla and Sarajevo. Relationships between the variables were evaluated using factor analysis, reliability, correlations, descriptive statistics, and regression. The findings show a positive and significant influence of personal attitude and perceived behavioural control on entrepreneurial intention.

Entrepreneurial Intentions of Women

Despite advances in gender equity, evidence suggests that the level of business ownership by males continues to be significantly higher than that of females. Moreover, females, from an early age, have lower entrepreneurial intentions than males. This paper examines previous studies to determine the factors that have been shown to relate to lower entrepreneurial intentions in women, to identify areas where prior research has been inadequate or inconclusive, and to discuss how intentions models might be modified to better explain the lower level of female business start-ups. It was found that the lower level of intentions is related to a range of personal background and attitudinal variables, and these factors are critically examined in this review. It is suggested that future research should focus on role models, networks and life roles in order to better explain female entrepreneurial intentions.