Entrance System Research Articles

Analytical Study of Barrier-free Door Closer Guide Rail System based on Slider-Crank Mechanism

Abstract One of the most important elements of barrier-free design is the door entrance system, particularly door closers. Door closers ensure that doors are easy to operate and do not pose any physical barriers to users. However, existing electro-mechanical door closers are relatively heavy, costly and have reliability issues in cases of power outages. Purely mechanical door closers, such as cam action with guide rail and rack-and-pinion with scissors arm, offer a more affordable option due to simpler design and fewer components used. Static forces and torque with geometrical constraints of the door closer guide rail system are considered in deriving the mathematical expressions of a door closer guide rail system using similar approaches as slider-crank mechanism. The formulation considers the effects of pinion torque of a door closer, installation inputs as design parameters, door angle and efficiency. The mathematical model and experimental results show close agreement. The contribution of this paper is that it demonstrates the underlying physics of the door closer guide rail system, thereby aiding in understanding the door behaviour. Additionally, the model can predict the behaviour of the system under different operating conditions, which can be useful for design and optimization purposes. More importantly, this model can be utilised to identify the most effective strategies in reducing opening forces on doors thereby providing design insights to barrier-free application in the future.

EXAMINATION OF HIGH SCHOOL ENTRANCE SYSTEM (LGS) SCIENCE TEST “MATTER AND ITS NATURE” AND “PHYSICAL PHENOMENA” SUBJECT AREA EXAM QUESTIONS IN TERMS OF REVISED BLOOM’S TAXONOMY

Bu araştırma, Liselere Geçiş Sistemi (LGS) Fen Bilimleri Testi “Madde ve Doğası” ile “Fiziksel Olaylar” konu alanı sınav sorularının Yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisine (YBT) göre analizini ortaya koyacak betimsel bir çalışmadır. Araştırmada doküman analizi kullanılmış, 2018 - 2022 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen LGS sınavları incelenmiş ve YBT matrisi kullanılarak betimsel analiz yoluyla bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, 2018–2022 yılları merkezi sınavlarda YBT Bilişsel süreçlerle ilgili olarak, soruların %60’ının alt düzey alan basamağında %40’ının da üst düzey bilişsel alan basamaklarında toplandığı gözlenmiştir. LGS sorularının YBT Matrisine uygulanmasına ilişkin bulgular incelendiğinde, en fazla Anlama – Olgusal Bilgi [10 soru, %20] ve Uygulama – Kavramsal Bilgi [10 soru, %20] hücrelerinde öne çıkmaktadır. Yine, matris bulgularında, üst bilişsel bilgi basamağının diğer biliş düzeyleriyle ilişkisi üzerine soru sorulmadığı bulunmuştur. Sınav ölçme kriterleri ve eğitimcilerin YBT kullanımına ilişkin ve olağanüstü hal pedagolojisi üzerine çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.

A Hive Entrance System That Directs Honey Bees Inside or Outside a Greenhouse Reduced Colony Decline While Effectively Pollinating Zucchini Squash

Honey bee colonies rapidly decline when confined to greenhouses, increasing pollination rental costs as they need to be replaced frequently. We tested a hive system with entrances that can be manipulated to direct bees inside or outside greenhouses containing a zucchini crop. In one greenhouse, the bees could only forage inside for 15 days; in another, bees were directed to the inside from 5 to 9 a.m., after which they only foraged outside. This procedure was repeated two more times in each greenhouse with new hives. Data were collected on how the number of bee flower visits affected fruit production, the frequency of flower visits, and the amount of bee brood and food in the hives. Flowers visited by bees four times or more set more and larger fruit. The frequency of flower visits by bees from the hives confined to the greenhouse was reduced after eight days; it was not reduced in the greenhouse with bees that could forage outside. The bee brood area was reduced in the colonies that were confined to the greenhouse, while it was maintained in the semi-confined hives. The hives with controllable entrances proved effective for pollination, while causing less damage to the bees.

Examining Project Schools from the Perspectives of Teachers

Project schools were first introduced in 2014 with the approval of the Ministry of National Education. Between 2014-2018, there were a limited number of project schools. However, with the change in the high school entrance system in 2018, all the schools accepting their students with high school entrance exam transformed into project schools. This study aims to introduce and evaluate Project Schools, a new type of high school in an education system that already has many kinds of high schools, according to teachers’ views. The present study was conducted through a case study, a qualitative research method. 35 teachers of different branches working in four different kinds of project schools located in the central districts of Konya, İstanbul, Antalya, and Adıyaman participated in the study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through descriptive analysis. At the end of the study, it was found that teachers have positive thoughts towards project schools. On the other hand, they think project schools have certain operational problems. It was also revealed that the aim of the project schools and the expectations from teachers working in these schools are not clear, that the teachers are expected to do extra work that is not stated in their job definition, that the teacher selection process is obscure and must be done according to objective criteria including central exam. The teachers also state that the curriculum of these schools needs to be different from others and must be suitable for their type and characteristics.

Factors associated with the use of the Indonesia COVID-19 mobile app: What needs to be improved for the future personal mobile health app?

Background: Personal mobile health applications, including the COVID-19 mobile app, offer various benefits for enhancing the effectiveness of health programs. Objective: This study aimed to investigate and compare the factors associated with the utilization of the Peduli Lindungi COVID-19 mobile application, employing the behavioral theory of the Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods: This cross-sectional survey study, conducted at the Department of Public Health in two universities in South Jakarta, Indonesia, involved 744 respondents. The independent variables were derived from the Health Belief Model (HBM), including components such as perceived vulnerability, severity, benefits, obstacles, and self-efficacy. The dependent variable was the use of the COVID-19 mobile application. Results: The majority of respondents, with an average age of 19.9 years, were female. Out of the total, 51.9% (386 individuals) used the PL application in the past seven days, albeit not on a daily basis, and 86.6% utilized the application to access public facilities. Non-users primarily cited a lack of necessity due to not having traveled in the last seven days. The variable of perceived usefulness was significantly associated with application use (p <0.001). Conclusion: There is a need for increased public education regarding the application's benefits. Furthermore, the safe entrance system feature of the app, utilized for accessing public spaces, could be consistently employed to monitor and prevent the transmission of infectious diseases, including COVID-19.

Investigation of the Change in the Features of Turkish Items in the High School Entrance System 2018-2022

aim of this study is to examine in detail the structural features of the Turkish items in the High School Entrance System (LGS), which was first implemented in 2018, and to determine the changes in these features over the years. In this descriptive survey study, the changes in test difficulty, discrimination, and internal consistency of a total of 100 Turkish items in the LGS administered in 2018-2022 were examined first. Then, the textual (sentence, word, and syllable length; readability), contextual (visuality, meaning of the item stem, common stem) and purpose features (content domain, text type) of the items were determined and the changes in these features over the years were examined. As a result of the study, it was determined that the test difficulty of the LGS Turkish test decreased over the years; in other words, the items became more difficult over time. Although there was no general change in the test discrimination of the test, it was determined that there was a general decrease in the test discrimination of the test. In the study, it was also determined that the item lengths varied over the years and the average length of the test increased over the years. The texts in the items were mostly composed of informative texts; poetry and narrative texts were not included in the items in some years.

복잡계 이론을 적용한 2022 대입제도 개편 정책결정과정 분석

Objectives This study attempted to analyze the policy-making process of reorganizing the 2022 college admis-sion system by applying the perspective of complex system theory and derive implications. Methods To this end, the analysis framework was devised by reviewing complex system theories and concepts, and the literature on the policy-making process of reorganizing the 2022 college admission system was analyzed, and the characteristics of the complex system were examined by dividing the policy-making process into four stages. Results As a result of the analysis, the Ministry of Education's reform plan for the 2021 school year due to the launch of the government led to nonlinearity, which is an unstable situation of deferring the reorganization of the college entrance examination. Through the critical point of transferring the reform plan to the newly established National Education Council, the result of public debate, deliberation and feedback through various interactions were repeated, and a new order, the reform plan for the 2022 college entrance examination system, was announced. Since then, a new, partially self-organized order has emerged as a way to strengthen fairness in the college en-trance system. Conclusions The 2022 college entrance system reform policy decision process showed the characteristics and processes of the complex system, and suggested the need for continuous management of feedback and feed-back for future policy development.

A comparative analysis of multi-biometrics performance in human and action recognition using silhouette thermal-face and skeletal data

Biometrics is a field that has been given importance in recent years and has been extensively studied. Biometrics can use physical and behavioural differences that are unique to individuals to recognize and identify them. Today, biometric information is used in many areas such as computer vision systems, entrance systems, security and recognition.In this study, a new biometrics database containing silhouette, thermal face and skeletal data based on the distance between the joints was created to be used in behavioural and physical biometrics studies. The fact that many cameras were used in previous studies increases both the processing intensity and the material cost. This study aimed to both increase the recognition performance and reduce material costs by adding thermal face data in addition to soft and behavioural biometrics with the optimum camera. The presented data set was created in accordance with both motion recognition and person identification.Various data loss scenarios and multi-biometrics approaches based on data fusion have been tried on the created data sets and the results have been given comparatively. In addition, the correlation coefficient of the motion frames method to obtain energy images from silhouette data was tested on this dataset and yielded high-accuracy results for both motion and person recognition.

IMPLEMENTASI MESIN PRESENSI SEBAGAI SISTEM AKSES PINTU MASUK BERBASIS SCAN BARCODE

Attendance at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (UMSU) uses the manual attendance method. So it is less effective to implement, because manual attendance is not environmentally friendly and in the process fraud can still occur. In addition, the health protocols that we should have implemented both on campus and in classrooms must still exist considering this is a post-pandemic. Based on these problems, the purpose of this research is to make a prototype of the entrance and attendance access system which is carried out by utilizing the features on the NodeMCU ESP32. The design step is divided into 2, namely hardware and software design. The manufacturing process for the door access system is carried out by utilizing the Gy906 temperature sensor as a body temperature detector, a relay to turn on the pump, an IR proximity sensor to detect people who are going out, and a servo motor as an open or closed door driver. Next, the process of making attendances is carried out using a barcode on the KTM (Student Identity Card) which is connected to the application that has been made so that the output for the presence can be seen on a google spreadsheet. This tool can make it easier to make attendance and access entrances and exits without touching the door.

The process of solving skill-based problems about multipliers and multiples by advanced learners in math and gifted students

Globalization has also been reflected in mathematics education, and as a result, international exams, in which Turkey also participate, have become widespread since the 20th century. After participating in international exams in Turkey, it started to make changes in the questions in the exams it held throughout the country. The most striking of these changes is the preparation of skill-based questions that measure metacognitive skills in the High School Entrance System exam. In order to solve such questions effectively, as emphasized in the mathematics curriculum, the problem solving process must be managed well and correctly. In this research, it is aimed to examine the processes of solving skill-based questions about multipliers and multiples. The difficulties experienced by the students in the process of solving skill-based questions and the points they missed were determined. In this study, case study, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The study group consists of 8 students, 4 of whom are highly successful in mathematics and 4 of whom are gifted, studying in the 8th grade. The Factors and Multiples Achievement Test consisting of 10 open-ended questions was developed in order to measure the students' skills on the subject of multipliers and multiples. While applying the Multipliers and Multiples Achievement Test, we conducted a clinical interview with each student and enabled the students to solve the questions by thinking aloud. We made the descriptive analysis of the obtained data according to the Polya’ problem solving steps. While presenting the findings, we made use of the tables and interpreted them according to each question and step. As a result of the research, we determined that the students who successfully realized the step of understanding the problem were able to perform the other steps and solve the questions correctly. We also found that students who are successful in mathematics try to apply Polya's problem solving steps more and are more successful than gifted students. According to these results, we recommend that students use Polya's problem-solving steps effectively while solving problems and that the research results should be investigated in more detail

Examination of 2021 Turkish Central Exam Science Questions in Terms of Science Process Skills

In the Central Exam of the High School Entrance System (known as LGS), which has been put into practice in Türkiye since 2018, it is aimed to measure the students' ability to transform the information they have learned into skills rather than simply remembering or memorizing them. In this context, the aim of the study is to analyze each of the 2021 central exam science questions prepared by the Ministry of National Education and to evaluate the questions in terms of scientific process skills in the 2018 science curriculum. Document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used as a method in the research. In this context, the questions of the science subtest of the 2021 central exam were examined by four academicians and six science teachers, who are experts in the field, who have studies on scientific process skills. Within the framework of expert opinions, the compatibility of the questions was evaluated according to the categorical compatibility criterion. According to the findings of the research, it was concluded that the 2021 central exam questions mostly focused on the scientific process skills of “inferring”, “interpreting data” and “defining variables”. According to this result, it was concluded that the central exam science test was not sufficient in terms of covering scientific process skills. In this context, it is thought that studies should be carried out to include more scientific process skills in the central exam questions, which is the transition application from primary education to secondary education, in line with the vision of our country's science curriculum.

Relevance of Sugar Transport across the Cell Membrane.

Sugar transport through the plasma membrane is one of the most critical events in the cellular transport of nutrients; for example, glucose has a central role in cellular metabolism and homeostasis. The way sugars enter the cell involves complex systems. Diverse protein systems participate in the membrane traffic of the sugars from the extracellular side to the cytoplasmic side. This diversity makes the phenomenon highly regulated and modulated to satisfy the different needs of each cell line. The beautiful thing about this process is how evolutionary processes have diversified a single function: to move glucose into the cell. The deregulation of these entrance systems causes some diseases. Hence, it is necessary to study them and search for a way to correct the alterations and utilize these mechanisms to promote health. This review will highlight the various mechanisms for importing the valuable sugars needed to create cellular homeostasis and survival in all kinds of cells.

4+4+4 Düzenlemesiyle Farklı Yaşlarda İlkokula Başlayan Öğrencilerin Akademik Performanslarının LGS Verileri Temelinde Analizi

With the Law No. 6287, known as the 4+4+4 regulation in education in public, the age of starting primary school was reduced to 60 months, and this regulation was first implemented in the 2012-2013 school year. This research aims to analyze the effect of the age difference among students who started school in the 2012-2013 school year and whose ages ranged from 60 months to 84 months, based on the 2020 High School Entrance System (LGS) Central Examination data, which they participated in the eighth grade. The research was designed as correlational and causal-comparative research. The students who participated in the 2020 LGS Central Examination from middle schools in Ankara constituted the population of this research, and 9582 students selected from these schools constituted the sample of the research. The school starting ages of these students were grouped, and comparisons were conducted between the LGS Central Exam scores of the groups and the net numbers of correct answers in the subtests of this exam. In this exam, it has been determined that the academic performance of the students in the older age group is higher than that in the younger age groups. The reasons for the difference between the academic performance of the students are listed as the insufficient readiness level of the students in the younger age group when they start primary school, the adaptation problems of the students to the primary school, the reduction of the primary school period from five years to four years, the inability to differentiate and individualize the instruction by focusing on the whole group instruction. According to the results of this research, it is necessary to develop education policies on a scientific basis, age of schooling should be 72 months, primary school education should be five years, and development experts should evaluate the readiness levels of all children at the stage of starting primary school.

Smart Entrance System with Health Monitoring

Abstract: In the aftermath of the coronavirus infection (COVID-19), contact with people has become an important risk factor. It is widely believed that the risk of spreading the virus increases with the number of people in contact with other objects or people. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), high fever and heart palpitations are the two most common symptoms of COVID-19. It is also recommended to wash your hands frequently and use an appropriate mask. That's why our project is trying to create a system that checks the body temperature, mask and heart rate of people entering the facility to make sure they are safe. Also, checks if the mask is worn correctly. Hence through our project we are trying to build a system that will make sure you are protected. Immediately after that, a non-contact disinfectant is provided which guarantees minimal contact between the person and the system. Keywords: COVID19, Open Source Computer Vision, TensorFlow, mask detection, temperature sensing, pulse detection, contactless hand sanitization.

Identification of an exporter that regulates vitamin C supply from blood to the brain

SummaryVitamin C (VC) distribution in our body requires VC transporters. However, mammalian VC exporters are yet to be identified. Herein, to unravel this long-standing mystery, we focused on the pathways whereby VC moves from blood to the brain, which should require a VC entrance and exit system composed of an importer and a latent exporter. Via cell-based transport analyses of VC efflux and using knockout mice generated via the CRISPR-Cas9 system, we identified GLUT12/SLC2A12 as a physiologically important VC efflux protein expressed in the choroid plexus; Glut12/Slc2a12 knockout halved the cerebral VC levels, markedly increased VC accumulation in the choroid plexus, and reduced the cerebrospinal fluid VC levels. These findings facilitate our understanding of VC regulation and the physiological impact of VC in our body.

A Comparative Study on the Physical Education College Entrance System in Korea and China

목적 본 연구의 목적은 한국과 중국의 체육관련대학 입시제도를 비교하여, 이를 통해 한국 체대입시 제도 발전에 기여할 수 있는 아이디어를 제안하는 것이다. 방법 비교 연구는 대상 간의 유사성, 상이성 그리고 연계성을 포괄하는 연구방법이며, 목적은 공통점과 차이점을 찾는 것이다. 본 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 Bereday(1964)의 4단계 절차인 기술(description) 해석(interpretation) 병치(juxtaposition) 비교(comparison)를 활용하였다. 결과 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 입시전형 요소는 비슷하나, 입학시기와 관리기관에 차이가 존재하였다. 둘째, 수능과 실기가 주된 입시전형 요소이나, 두 요소의 반영비중에서 서로 다르게 나타났다. 셋째, 실기유형은 기초체력이 공통점이고 운동기능의 세부 내용 영역이 차이점이다. 넷째, 실기 종목에서 종목은 비슷하나 종목 수에 편차가 존재하였다. 결론 양국의 체육관련대학 입시 비교 연구를 통해, 국가수준 체대 입시 지침서 마련, 지역 중심 연합실기시험, 그리고 필수종목과 선택종목 실기 제도 등을 제안하였다. 위의 3가지 요소를 한국의 현 체대입시 제도에 도입한다면 공정성 확보는 물론 공교육 정상화를 이룰 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

A Study on the Analysis and Improvement of the College Entrance Examinations in the Department of Beauty by the Change of College Entrance System

A Study on the Analysis and Improvement of the College Entrance Examinations in the Department of Beauty by the Change of College Entrance System

The Demand for Private Tutoring in Turkey: An Analysis of Private Tutoring Participation and Spending

This article explores the process, reasons, and determinants of private tutoring as perceived by the high school students in Şanlıurfa, Turkey. This is a survey study and the quantitative data for the study was collected with a questionnaire from 1329 high school students during the spring semester in 2019. According to the findings, almost half of the participants reported having received private tutoring at private teaching institutions in the last year. The most popular subjects for private tutoring were math, science, and Turkish. Exam-focused learning, poor classroom teaching were reported as the most important reasons behind receiving private tutoring. The individuals who referred most of the participants to private tutoring were the parents. Besides, it was determined that as age, grade, father and mother’s education level, level of income, and parents’ belief in the need for education increases, the likelihood of receiving private tutoring increases; as satisfaction level with the school decreases, students are more likely to participate in private tutoring. Also, it was found out that female students spent on private tutoring more than male students. It is concluded that the demand for private tutoring in Turkey is high, and this may be due to the university entrance system based on high-stakes testing.

Baby boomers and the collapse of the ‘narrow gate’: the equalisation policy and the expansion of secondary education in South Korea, 1968–1974

ABSTRACT This study examines the implications of the ‘equalisation policy’ and the expansion of secondary education in South Korea in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The equalisation policy is one of the most radical school reform attempts in South Korea. A random assignment or lottery system for students was introduced for all middle schools in 1968 and all high schools in 1974, abolishing selective and competitive school-based entrance systems. This system was in operation without interruption until the early 1990s when new categories of schools were introduced as a part of South Korea’s participation in the global neoliberal school reform movement. The ‘second wave of equalisation’ since around 2010 and subsequent measures to ‘re-equalise’ schools draw attention to the origin of the equalisation policy and its significance in understanding the development of secondary education in South Korea.

고등학교 수학과 교육과정 편성 실태 분석

The high school credit system, which emphasizes the choice and diversity according to the student's career and aptitude, has a great task in connection with the university entrance system including CSAT(college scholastic ability test). Since CSAT system integrated in literary arts and natural sciences will be introduced for the first time in 2022 CSAT based on the 2015 revised curriculum, An analysis of the current state of curriculum organization at unit schools is required. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current state of high school mathematics curriculum organization, focusing on the questions range of CSAT mathematics section, to examine how changes in CSAT system affect mathematics curriculum organization of unit schools, and to explore improvements and implications for mathematics curriculum organization. For this study, the current status of the two-year mathematics curriculum organization of 190 general high schools and 39 autonomous high schools belonging to the Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education were surveyed. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the change in the questions range of CSAT mathematics section significantly affected the mathematics curriculum organization. And there was not only a large difference in student choice for elective subjects in CSAT mathematics section by unit school but also cases such as not being guaranteed student choice have been confirmed. The analysis of the actual condition of high school mathematics curriculum organization could provide implications for the curriculum organization for the stable settlement of the high school credit system based on the 2015 revised curriculum.