Entire Province Research Articles

New Poland in the New World

Abstract This paper discusses the project of creating a Polish colony in the United States, propagated by Józef Alfons Potrykowski and a group of his followers. In 1843–1853, seeing no possibility of preserving Polishness in Europe, they strove to establish a New Poland (Nowa Polska) in North America or Australia. Initially it was to be a single colony, but Potrykowski’s blueprint projected its development and the creation of an entire Polish province that would eventually join the United States as an autonomous state. In propounding such solutions, Potrykowski was under the tangible influence of the early socialists, and for this reason he stressed the necessity of building the colony upon such principles as equality and brotherhood. From a conceptual point of view, his project was based on categories of both a universal and particular character, with such paired (counter)concepts as sacrifice-treason, or brotherhood-egoism coming to the fore. Whilst Potrykowski’s plans bore scant fruit in terms of their practical realisation, they nevertheless offer valuable insights into East Central European utopianism in the mid-nineteenth century.

Use of an Ecological Compensation Model in Water Resource Development: A Case Study from Shaanxi Province, China

This study aims to analyze the current situation of water resource management in Shaanxi Province, study the basic principles of ecological compensation, evaluate the impact of water conservation projects on the ecological environment by establishing a model, and propose a sustainable water resource management model. Hanzhong City has certain typicality and representativeness within Shaanxi Province, and the problems it faces in water resource management and ecological environment may represent the entire province or similar regions. At the same time, Hanzhong City has rich data and research foundations. Therefore, by conducting a detailed analysis of the current water resource status in the Hanzhong City area of Shaanxi Province, the problems in current water resource management are revealed, and the basic principles of ecological compensation are intensely studied. The original ecological compensation plan in Shaanxi Province has been summarized. Guided by the concept of sustainable development, an ecological compensation model is established using algorithms, and the model is applied to sustainable water resource management. Establish a model for water conservation and water resource management through data collection, preprocessing, and cleaning, and apply it to practical cases in Hanzhong City. Through simulation and analysis of Hanzhong City, the new water resource management model effectively mitigates the adverse effects of water conservation projects on the ecological environment while improving water resource utilization efficiency. The changes in various environmental parameters indicate that the new plan has improved the ecological environment. Through the application of the model, the ecological compensation plan formulated has achieved sustainable protection of the ecological environment while promoting economic development. This study proposes a sustainable water resource management model through a comprehensive study of water resource management and ecological compensation in Shaanxi Province and verifies it in practical cases, demonstrating that the model has not only good applicability but also has significant effects in promoting economic growth and ecological environment protection.

Mildly explosive eruptions at Martian low-shield volcanoes

AbstractOngoing acquisition of Martian surface imagery constantly provides new opportunities to reveal previously undiscovered small-scale volcanic landforms, yielding critical insights into volcanic processes, and challenging existing inferences. Here, using the most recent, high-resolution topographical data, we mapped the accumulation of pyroclastic deposits occurring along the margins of several volcanic vents. They share morphological similarities with terrestrial volcanic deposits attributed to low-intensity lava fountaining occurring during mild explosive activity. Our identified, explosive volcanic deposits are associated with late Amazonian volcanic activity in Tharsis. The identification of these very recent (<100 Ma) deposits across the entire Tharsis volcanic province needs reconciling with our current view of the evolution of explosive volcanism on Mars. We contend that these small volume landforms, produced by mildly explosive volcanic activity, need to be considered in models surrounding planet-scale magmatic evolution and atmospheric volatile budgets.

Uncharted territory in linking population-based laboratory data for the epidemiology of celiac disease in Canada

IntroductionWe previously investigated the frequency of screening for celiac disease (CD) based on tissue transglutaminase antibody testing (tTG-IgA) and developed the first incident cohort of celiac autoimmunity in Canada. MethodsAdministrative data sources used in this study were population-based and covered the entire province of Alberta (~4.3M residents during study period). Various approaches to querying data were employed within a diverse team of health information managers, data analysts, clinical scientists, and gastroenterologists. This process involved a broad search for CD screening tests, thorough data inspection/cleaning, and numerous discussions to determine potential explanations for the findings. ResultsApproximately ~950,000 records for tTG-IgA were first identified. Records were then excluded due to missing/invalid patient identifiers or test results (0.8%), non-Alberta residency (0.4%), and duplicate records (1.1%). A final dataset included ~920,000 tTG-IgA tests on ~680,000 unique patients, which was also validated through a separate query performed by an analyst external to the study team. A conservative approach to excluding as many potential prevalent cases of CD was applied given a robust algorithm for CD has not yet been established in Canada. The final rate of celiac autoimmunity (34 per 100,000) offered further face validity based on prior estimates of diagnosed CD in Alberta and other countries reporting on celiac autoimmunity. ConclusionWhen developing a novel case definition or investigating unfamiliar outcomes using routinely collected data, collaboration across several disciplines is highly recommended. Certain stages of the project may require additional scrutiny and discussion to ensure findings are valid and reliable.

Drought prediction in Jilin Province based on deep learning and spatio-temporal sequence modeling

Jilin Province, a key agricultural hub in Northeast China, has long been impacted by climate change, with drought disasters significantly affecting its agricultural output and ecological environment. Accurate drought prediction is essential for the effective utilization of water resources and agricultural production. This study proposes a novel drought prediction model that utilizes the SSA-VMD (Sparrow Search Algorithm Optimized Variational Mode Decomposition) technique to decompose meteorological data, followed by the reconstruction of the decomposed components using four entropy algorithms, including approximate entropy. The model integrates ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average) and BiLSTM (Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network) for forecasting the reconstructed components, subsequently combining their outputs. In terms of spatio-temporal data, the study employs prediction models including the spatio-temporal cube, spatio-temporal hotspot analysis integrated with empirical kriging, and local outlier analysis to examine spatial distribution. The model’s predictive performance is validated from three perspectives: statistical characteristics of the indicators, comparison between predicted and observed values through prediction curve plots, and box plots. The results demonstrate that the combined SSA-VMD-ARIMA-BiLSTM model significantly enhances prediction accuracy compared to single models, as exemplified by its application in Changchun City. The model achieved an R2 of 0.938 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.047 in drought prediction, outperforming the single ARIMA model (R2: 0.636, RMSE: 0.709) and the BiLSTM model (R2: 0.514, RMSE: 0.901). Additionally, across the entire province, the model’s R2, MAE, and RMSE are 0.82, 0.15, and 0.083, respectively, suggesting that the model exhibits not only high prediction accuracy but also a degree of generalizability. Furthermore, the results from the spatio-temporal cube, spatio-temporal hotspot analysis, and local outlier analysis demonstrate the method’s high accuracy and stability in predicting both short-term and long-term droughts. Particularly in short-term drought prediction, the model effectively captures the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of short-term meteorological droughts. This study offers new methodological support for enhancing the early warning capabilities of drought risk in Jilin Province, providing a robust foundation for addressing the challenges posed by climate change. The findings not only address certain shortcomings in current drought prediction research but also introduce new methodologies and perspectives for future studies.

Whole rock lithogeochemical analysis of the Mount Read Volcanics: a new tool for geochemical exploration

The Mount Read Volcanics (MRV) of western Tasmania is a belt of Middle to Late Cambrian submarine volcanics and volcaniclastics and one of the major base and precious metal provinces within Australia. Exploration success in the MRV has been in decline in recent years due to a variety of challenges including intensely altered rocks with complex stratigraphy and lithofacies variation, and a lack of accessible outcrop. As a result, local and regional mapping of the MRV is often restricted to Group-level stratigraphy, rendering geological mapping ineffective for identifying decametre-scale mine stratigraphy. Surface rock chip and drill hole samples were collected and analysed using commercially available geochemical assays to create a regional geochemical dataset of the MRV, covering the entire province and all major stratigraphic units. From these data, a lithogeochemical methodology was developed, utilizing Ti/Nb and V/Sc systematics that effectively characterizes the samples according to composition and magmatic processes. This method is shown to be robust to biases due to alteration and lithofacies, eliminating the need for highly selective sampling or extensive data filtering. To demonstrate the utility of this method in an exploration context, data from the K-lens of the Rosebery polymetallic volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VHMS) deposit was used as a case study. Using Ti/Nb–V/Sc systematics, a rock composition classification was developed that allowed for discrimination of the footwall, hanging wall and host stratigraphy of the Rosebery mine sequence. A geochemical fingerprint for the footwall stratigraphy to mineralization was developed, and by correlating this signature to the regional unclassified samples, geochemical analogues for the Rosebery footwall were readily identified. This approach rapidly reduces the exploration search space and provides valuable information for future mineral exploration. The methodology is applicable in other terrains; however, appropriate orientation studies are required to investigate potential biases due to lithofacies, alteration and mineralogical variability.

Non-Tectonic Geohazards of Guangdong Province, China, Monitored Using Sentinel-1A/B from 2015 to 2022.

Guangdong Province, home to 21 cities and a permanent population of 127.06 million people, boasts the largest provincial economy in China, contributing 11.76% to the national GDP in 2023. However, it is prone to geological hazards due to its geological conditions, extreme weather, and extensive human activities. Geohazards not only endanger lives but also hinder regional economic development. Monitoring surface deformation regularly can promptly detect geological hazards and allow for effective mitigation strategies. Traditional ground subsidence monitoring methods are insufficient for comprehensive surveys and rapid monitoring of geological hazards in the whole province. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology using satellite images can achieve wide-area geohazard monitoring. However, current geological hazard monitoring in Guangdong Province based on InSAR technology lacks regional analysis and statistics of surface deformation across the entire province. Furthermore, such monitoring fails to analyze the spatial-temporal characteristics of surface deformation and disaster evolution mechanisms by considering the local geological features. To address these issues, current work utilizes Sentinel-1A/B satellite data covering Guangdong Province from 2015 to 2022 to obtain the wide-area surface deformation in the whole province using the multi-temporal (MT) InSAR technology. Based on the deformation results, a wide-area deformation region automatic identification method is used to identify the surface deformation regions and count the deformation area in each city of Guangdong Province. By analyzing the results, we obtained the following findings: (1) Using the automatic identification algorithm we identified 2394 deformation regions. (2) Surface subsidence is concentrated in the delta regions and reclamation areas; over a 4 cm/year subsidence rate is observed in the hilly regions of northern Guangdong, particularly in mining areas. (3) Surface deformation is closely related to geological structures and human activities. (4) Sentinel-1 satellite C-band imagery is highly effective for wide-area geological hazard monitoring, but has limitations in monitoring small-area geological hazards. In the future, combining the high-spatial-temporal-resolution L-band imagery from the NISAR satellite with Sentinel-1 imagery will allow for comprehensive monitoring and early warning of geological hazards, achieving multiple geometric and platform perspectives for geological hazard monitoring and management in Guangdong Province. The findings of this study have significant reference value for the monitoring and management of geological disasters in Guangdong Province.

Landslide life-loss risk quantification based on historical fatalities

Life-loss risk estimates inform decisions that have dramatic impacts on individuals and communities in landslide hazard zones. Literature provides methods for making these estimates through multiplication of site-specific parameters. However, there is no method in the literature for calibrating those estimates, and regional context is needed to make efficient, fair, and affordable decisions. Therefore, we developed methods to quantify risk to individuals and groups based on regional historical fatality and hazard zone population data. The methods can be used to evaluate the accuracy of large sets of site-specific risk estimates, to assign quantitative risk values to buildings and hazard zones at a regional scale, to develop a long-term regional budget for landslide risk management, or to inform selection of a risk tolerance threshold that can inform where limited resources are invested in landslide mitigation. An example of the methods is provided for a case study of residential landslide risk in British Columbia, Canada. It estimates that there are between a few hundred and a few thousand people living with individual risk exceeding 100 micromorts (1 in 10,000) per year, and between 70 and 370 landslide hazard zones with annual probable life loss greater than 1E-3 (1 death in 1,000 years), based on a historical fatality rate of 0.4 to 1.4 deaths per year across the entire province.

Unintended distortion of regulating water use: Evidence from China

AbstractThe Chinese government has been using water efficiency targets to manage commercial, institutional, and industrial water use across the country. This paper argues that water efficiency targets may influence provincial administrators’ preferences in tightening water regulation in cities with higher water use while disproportionately overregulating water use in productive cities to satisfy their efficiency goals. I develop a city‐level production model with water regulation preferences and show that the unintended distortion of water regulation in response to water efficiency targets leads to efficiency loss of resource allocation and further reshapes regional output across cities, especially for productive cities. Using a sample of city‐level water data from 2006 to 2016 in China, this paper empirically investigates the impact of the Three Red Lines (TRL) policy on provincial administrators’ preferences in water use regulation. The results indicate that the elasticity of water regulation in response to the policy is approximately −0.64 to −0.8 and has resulted in tighter water regulations for cities with higher economic outputs. Quantitatively, eliminating water distortions would reshape water use across cities and increase the aggregate output of an entire province by up to 0.069%. The results imply that possible consequences of the political consideration of provincial administrators in satisfying water efficiency targets include inefficiency and inequality in water allocation.

Complexities of a Provincial CIS Implementation: Thinking Beyond Scale.

CIS implementations are complex processes involving numerous teams, planning changes to both business and technical processes, and extensive change management. The complexity of implementation increases exponentially when dealing with implementation across an entire province rather than just a single site implementation. This paper addresses the One Person One Record Program in Nova Scotia, Canada where a single CIS will be implemented across the entire province involving 47 acute care facilities and 1400 individual ambulatory clinics. Developing and delivering localized role-specific training to end users is directly affected by the extensive arrange of unique user roles and is part of the complexity in this transformation program. Challenges arising from the additional complexity will be shared as well as lessons learned to support the implementations of future leaders with plans to lead such transformations in their own regions.

Exploring and analyzing disaster coupling characteristics at the regional scale: evidence from Hubei Province

Disaster coupling can more easily lead to severe impacts. Existing studies on disasters have mostly focused on the regional distribution characteristics of individual disasters, neglecting the regional perspective of disaster coupling. This research paper addresses this gap by examining the coupling among three types of disasters (droughts, floods, and landslides) and their regional characteristics. To accurately represent the scope of these disasters, annual historical disaster data at the county level were utilized. The spatiotemporal distribution data of the three disasters were analyzed to determine the foundation of disaster coupling formation. Association rules were used to mine all possible disaster combinations in each county, which were then categorized into three disaster combination situations based on the types of different counties. Three types of disaster coupling were identified: chain, alternating, and compound, based on the formation process of disaster coupling. The disaster coupling existing in the disaster combinations was determined, and the characteristics of regional disaster coupling were further analyzed using quantitative and spatial distribution characteristics. In Hubei Province, chain-type disaster coupling primarily occurs in the western and eastern regions, while alternating-type disaster coupling may occur throughout the entire province, serving as the predominant type of disaster coupling in the central region. Furthermore, compound-type disaster coupling mainly occurs in western Hubei. It is not only related to independent disasters but also to single-type disaster coupling. This study reflects the characteristics of disaster coupling distribution in the region, making disaster prevention and control more targeted.

Relationships between hydrogeochemistry and diatoms in acid mine drainage affected media: The case of Iberian pyrite belt; functioning models for an all metallogenetic province

The Iberian Pyritic Belt (IPB) is one of the most important metallogenic provinces, which hosts massive sulfides and extends over 230 km from Canal Caveira-Lousal in Portugal to Gerena (near Seville) in Spain. It has 88 active and inactive mines only in the Spanish part and near 30 in Portugal that generate Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) pollution to the main river basins, Corona, Roxo (Portugal), Odiel, Tinto, Guadiamar (Spain) and Chanza-Guadiana (Portugal/Spain) and consequenty to the 35 acidic sampling sites, 14 in Portugal and 21 in Spain, selected for this unique study. The physico-chemical parameters of waters (EC, Eh, pH, Al, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, SO42−), acidic diatoms (%Pinacid) and diatom diversity (N°sps) were determined in the laboratory. Then, the results were integrated in a database with 16 variables and 35 sampling points to be statistically analyzed by factor and cluster analysis. In the first, for the 35 sampling sites, it showed a clear inexistence of ecological barriers, exposing how could distantly sampling points be paired together. The last, allowed the pollution–biota interaction models formulation governed by 2 factors: 1-Unrestored Mining Surfaces and 2-WFD (Water Framework Directive) exceeding limits. Dispersion diagram showed that although the unrestored mining surface increases, starting from a certain concentration of contaminants, salts begin to precipitate: the AMD process increases but the WFD does not. There are numerous works in the scientific literature aimed to define diatom-hydro-geo-chemistry interrelationships, but none that covers an entire metallogenetic province where ecological barriers could exist, conditioning the diatom species and groups evolution and distribution in an acidic (pH: 1.90–4.43) environment.

ВЛАДИМИР КУЗЬМИН: СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНЫЙ ОБЛИК СВЯЩЕННИКА

The object of the study is the personality of the missionary priest of the Minusinsk District Vladimir Kuzmin, the subject is his activity in the context of the concept of “sociocultural image”. Based on the biographical research method, the main aspects of V. Kuzmin’s life were studied. The paper sets the following objectives: to reveal the level of education of the priest, to analyze the situation in society, to study the main directions of cultural and educational activities, to outline the position during the First World War and the revolutions of 1917. Particular attention is paid to the activities of V. Kuzmin in the place of a missionary priest in Askiz parish. His merits in the field of combating drunkenness among parishioners and childhood alcoholism are noted. V. Kuzmin was particularly concerned about drunkenness among the non-Russian population. On his initiative and under his leadership, temperance societies and the Brotherhood of Prayer and Temperance were created in the name of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul in the Minusinsk District. The problem of drunkenness and alcoholism became especially urgent during the First World War. V. Kuzmin actively collaborated with the magazine “Yenisei Diocesan Gazette”. His publications on the pages of the magazine were always timely and devoted to topical issues in the daily life of not only parishioners, but also the population of the entire province. At meetings of diocesan congresses and pastoral and missionary meetings, he advocated a complete state ban on the sale of alcoholic beverages. As a missionary priest, he proposed specific measures to improve missionary activities. As a dean archpriest, V. Kuzmin was fruitfully engaged in social and political work. He was a member of the Minusinsk City Duma and a member of the District government. During the period of the revolutions of 1917 and the civil war, there was an evolution in the socio-political views and activities of the archpriest V. Kuzmina. He welcomed the February Revolution of 1917 and stood at the head of the Minusinsk group of the Labor People's Socialist Party. Missionary priest V. Kuzmin was an interesting, versatile personality who deserves further attention from researchers.

Development of Soil Quality Databases and Land Potential Assessment Using GIS: A Case Study of Lao Cai Province, Vietnam

The utilization of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), particularly the Mapinfo software, is indispensable in the establishment of a land quality and land potential database encompassing each land parcel within Lao Cai province. Through a multifaceted approach involving data collection techniques, field surveys, data analysis, and the creation of both spatial and attribute databases, the GIS application in Lao Cai province has successfully compiled a comprehensive dataset. This dataset encompasses a range of layers, including boundaries, administrative demarcations, land use statuses, survey points, soil types, slope characteristics, soil depth, irrigation patterns, climatic conditions, soil fertility data, and transportation and hydrological information. The amalgamation of this spatial data with attribute data yields a comprehensive repository featuring information on 405 units of agricultural land quality and potential, in addition to 65 aggregated non-agricultural land parcels. This combined dataset functions as the foundational land quality and potential database for Lao Cai province. Assessment outcomes for land quality and land potential throughout the entire province reveal that 51.42% of the land exhibits low quality, 35.06% demonstrates moderate quality, and 13.52% boasts high quality. In terms of land potential, 29.15% is categorized as having low potential, 44.88% as having moderate potential, and 25.97% as having high potential. Furthermore, the precise delineation of land quality and potential for each land parcel within the database effectively caters to the information retrieval needs of land administrators and stakeholders. This research also seeks to contribute to the standardization of land databases at both the provincial and national levels, thereby bolstering land management efforts within the context of globalization, development, and climate change adaptation.

Hotels’ Global Standard Practices, Service Delivery, and Guests’ Satisfaction

This descriptive correlational research delved into the assessment of hotels' global standard practices, service delivery, and guests’ satisfaction across the entire Province of Negros Occidental in the year 2023. The 335 respondents were purposely chosen and selected using convenience sampling, considering variables such as age, sex, type of tourist, income, hotel class, and occupational status as independent factors. The study utilized a researcher-made questionnaires to gather comprehensive data. Statistical analysis, including frequency count, percentage, mean, Mann Whitney U-Test, Kruskal Wallis H-Test, and Spearman’s Rho was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The study's findings shed light on critical aspects of the hotel industry. Majority of respondents within the 18 to 28 years’ age bracket, were male, adventure tourists, and preferred three-star hotels, emphasizing the importance of understanding this demographic for tailored services. Evaluation of hotels' global standard practices highlighted consistently high ratings, showcasing positive perceptions of food quality, service, and ambiance across various demographics. The study emphasized the need to customize services based on diverse customer profiles for enhanced operational efficiency and guests’ satisfaction. Insights into the relationships between global standard practices, service delivery, and guests’ satisfaction underlined the pivotal role of adhering to high standards and delivering exceptional services to amplify guest contentment within the hotel industry. These findings may provide valuable insights for the design and management of hotel services to optimize customer experiences.

Rock Art at the Karaftou Cave and its Surrounding Areas, North of Kurdistan

One of the most important obstacles in the study of rock arts in Iran is the lack of an established chronological framework. Some researchers consider these motifs to be related to late Pleistocene and early Holocene periods (Izad Panah, 1348). However, recent field studies show more recent dates for rock arts. One of these studies concerns the Karafto Cave in Kurdistan province which can serve as a chronological basis for the study of rock arts in the entire Kurdistan province. The Karafto Cave is a complex of natural caverns whose entrance and some of its natural passageways have been manipulated during the Historical (Parthian) period (Bernard 1980; Gall 1978, 2010). The existence of a Greek inscription on the frontispiece of one of the rooms of the cave demonstrates that the cave was used as a temple for the Greek god Hercules (Gall 1978). Considering the similarity between the motifs of hunting or fighting horsemen in the Karafto Cave with the motifs engraved on golden and silver vessels of Parthian and Sassanid periods along with other evidence such as the Greek inscription, the rock-cut architectural features, the pottery evidence, and other data obtained from the excavations, one can conclude that some of the motif complexes (especially those created in the man-made spaces of the cave) were probably made in the Seleucid-Parthian or Sassanid periods.

THE STATE MANAGEMENT OF ETHNIC AFFAIRS IN HA GIANG PROVINCE DURING THE REFORM PERIOD UP TO NOW

In recent years, with the attention of the Party and the State, many guidelines and policies have been issued in all areas of the lives of people in general and ethnic minorities in Ha Giang province, in particular, the state management of ethnic affairs and ethnic policies implemented in the province have achieved many important results, contributing to the socio-economic development of the country and the entire province. However, besides the achieved results, state management of ethnic affairs and ethnic policies are still limited and do not meet the current general development process. Therefore, state management agencies in charge of ethnic affairs at all levels need to find synchronous solutions, with appropriate steps for each region and each ethnic group, practical socio-economic development in the province is an issue that needs continued research in the current period

The Role of Pharmacists in Counteracting Vaccine Hesitancy: Effectiveness of the 2019 Carnia Project in Improving Adherence to Influenza Vaccination among Target Population.

Vaccine hesitancy has been included among the top ten threats to global health by the World Health Organization. Pharmacists can play a pivotal role in removing the individual barrier to vaccination, because of the relationship of trust they have with citizens and their ease of access. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of a pharmacy-based intervention to support the 2019 influenza vaccination campaign conducted in the Carnia district through one-to-one counseling. We analyzed data collected by pharmacists between 22 October 2019 and 20 January 2020, and trends in vaccination adherence in the context of the Local Health Authority and the entire province of Udine since 2016. The results showed that 77.2% of people who had not received an influenza vaccination in the previous year changed their minds about vaccination after receiving counseling. The pharmacy-based intervention improved influenza vaccination adherence in the target district (+13.4%), even when compared to the neighboring district of Gemona or considering the data in the broader local and provincial context, and this effect was particularly pronounced among those aged 65 to 74 years (p < 0.01). Considering these findings, pharmacies should be more effectively involved in the provision of public health services aimed at improving accessibility, timeliness, and equity.

FIRE WEATHER INDEX AND FOREST FIRE DANGER MAPPING: INSIGHTS FROM A CASE STUDY IN ANTALYA - MANAVGAT FOREST, TURKIYE

Abstract. Forest fires in Türkiye, like in other regions, have detrimental effects on wildlife habitats, water quality, air pollution, climate change, and the economy. These fires become particularly concerning during the dry summer months. In 2021, forest fires affected over 150 thousand hectares of land across the country, with the Manavgat district in Antalya province alone witnessing the burning of approximately 60 thousand hectares of forest area. This study aims to assess the applicability and suitability of Fire Weather Index (FWI) data derived from meteorological station data in the Antalya region, as well as EFFIS FWI data generated using satellite-based meteorological information, for fire danger mapping during the Manavgat forest fire that occurred between 28 July and 6 August 2021. Additionally, correlation analyses were performed between the two FWI datasets and other relevant variables, including the difference in Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR), the difference in Land Surface Temperature (dLST), and Fire Radiative Power (FRP) data detected from MODIS and VIIRS satellites. The results of the correlation analysis indicated that the FWI values obtained using in-situ meteorology station data showed much higher correlations than FWI values obtained from EFFIS, with the highest correlation (73%) observed with dLST data. Consequently, the fire danger map was created using the in-situ meteorological data, given its stronger correlation. The results prominently revealed a widespread high-risk level across the entire Antalya province, with the Manavgat district classified into the "Extreme" and "Very Extreme" FWI classes, emphasizing the critical importance of utilizing in-situ meteorological data for precise fire danger assessments and proactive fire management strategies.

Development of Electric Network Impact on Socio-Economic of Ghazni Province, Republic of Afghanistan

The research paper investigates about the development of Elec-network which influences on socio-economic scenario of the Afghanistan particularly on Ghazni region. It is one of the southestern province of Afganistan, where the rate of energy consumption is comparatively low. Thus, 70 % urbanized people have an access of using electricity and rest of humanity does not have any kind of facility there. The main focus of electricity contains use of soler system as an energy source. The purpose of this research is electrification in other areas points to benefits for healthcare, education, and economic development as well as agriculture poverty and quality of life of the Ghazni province. In this way, using renewable energy, which has become more popular recently, is a superior choice. In this paper the researcher would discuse how the growth of electricity promote socio-economic advancement in Ghazni. Nonetheless, cost and fair distribution are important factors to take into account. Examining case studies from different countries, we examine the macro- and micro-economic benefits, emphasizing the advantages for healthcare, education, and other aspects of quality of life as well as the issues associated with costs for households. In order to wrap up, the research analyzes how electrification may affect Ghazni's socio-economic growth in a number of ways, including job creation, economic stimulation, quality of life, healthcare and education, poverty alleviation, and agriculture. The only solution to electrify the entire province and raise the economic and social status of the people is to create electrical plants using renewable energy, especially solar panels. The researcher would assess that expanding electrical networks is one of the current alternatives for the socio-economic development of Ghazni bucolic areas.