The roentgenologic recognition of enlarged parietal foramina is not difficult. While these are not a common finding, radiologists generally are familiar with the appearance of such defects in the upper posterior angle of the parietal bones. A similar picture may, however, be obtained in other diseases of bone, one of which is osteoporosis circumscripta. Of the two cases recorded below, one showed enlarged parietal foramina, with a history suggestive of an inherited character; the other is a case of osteoporosis circumscripta producing defects simulating enlarged parietal foramina. The typical x-ray findings in the two conditions, with adequate reviews of the literature, are fully covered in articles by Kasabach and Gutman (1) on osteoporosis circumscripta, and by Pepper and Pendergrass (2) on enlarged parietal foramina. The reader is referred to these comprehensive treatises for such additional information as he may desire. Case Reports Case I: S. G. is an American Negro female, 33 years old, married and the mother of a daughter 18 years old. The patient was first seen in the Medical Clinic of Freedmen's Hospital in February 1944 with a multinodular fibroid tumor of the uterus, which was successfully removed. In her case history she called attention to “soft spots” in her skull, present since birth. Other members of her family were said to have similar defects regarded by them as a family secret. Indeed, the patient was admonished by some of her relatives for betraying their secret and submitting to an x-ray examination of the skull. Large parietal foramina were well seen on the films (Fig. 1). According to the history similar defects of the skull occurred in the patient's maternal grandmother, a male cousin on the mother's side, and in two sisters, aged 24 and 32 years. A brother, 20 years old, did not have these defects. The patient's daughter had a normal skull. Since most of the members of her family did not live in the District of Columbia, they could not be seen for questioning. Case II: O. B., an American Negro female, age 45, unmarried, came to the Surgical Clinic of Freedmen's Hospital in November 1941, complaining of pain along the margins of her upper gums, radiating backward and of approximately a year's duration. She had been advised to have her upper teeth removed, and this was done six months prior to her visit to our clinic, without relief of pain. The patient was then referred to the x-ray department with the clinical impression of a calculus in a salivary duct, but none was found on roentgen examination. Routine films of the skull disclosed osteoporosis circumscripta. An unusual finding was rounded symmetrical shadows located at the upper angle of the parietal bone on either side of the cranium. These shadows were sharply defined and resembled enlarged parietal foramina (Figs. 2 and 3). The skull defects were three in number, against two usually seen in enlarged parietal foramina.