Enhancement Of Tensile Strength Research Articles

Enhancement of Tensile Strength of Coconut Shell Ash Reinforced Al-Si Alloys: A Novel Approach to Optimise Composition and Process Parameters Simultaneously

Enhancement of Tensile Strength of Coconut Shell Ash Reinforced Al-Si Alloys: A Novel Approach to Optimise Composition and Process Parameters Simultaneously

Bio-coloration and Antibacterial Function of Wool grafted with pomegranate peel polyphenols catalyzed by laccase

With the deterioration of environmental problems and world energy consumption, the improvement of textile dyeing has been paid more and more attention by researchers. The application of natural dyes in the dyeing of wool fabrics had become a research hotspot. However, the main drawback of the application of natural dyes lies in the poor color stability on wool fabrics. Therefore, research on environmentally and economically friendly dyeing processes has gained crucial importance. In this paper, the effect of pomegranate pigment on the functional dyeing of wool fabric under the catalysis of laccase was discussed. The dyeing effect of different methods on wool fabric was compared and the laccase catalytic dyeing process was optimized. Firstly, the properties of pomegranate peel pigment were analyzed by Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum (UV-Vis) and Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Then the surface morphology and properties of wool fabric were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), microscope and FTIR. Lastly the function and stability of dyed wool fabric were tested by color characteristic value, UV resistance, antibacterial property, color fastness and tensile strength. The results showed that better dyeing effect of wool fabric were obtained by dyeing firstly with pomegranate peel and then catalysis with laccase. The optimum process of laccase catalysis was as follows: catalysis time 8h, laccase dosage 3.3U, temperature 50℃, pH 5. The results of SEM, FTIR and microscope tests showed that the phenolic compounds in the pigment of pomegranate peel was catalyzed by laccase to form the deepened coloration polymers and the phenolic polymers were finally combined with the wool fabric. Laccase-catalyzed dyed wool fabric showed good performance stability, such as color fastness to rubbing and soap-washing, strong antibacterial property, great enhancement of UV resistance and excellent tensile strength. The application of laccase in the natural dyeing process of textiles can provide a better way to improve the dyeing properties.

Fatigue and tensile behaviour of Ti+TiN+Ti+TiVN multilayer nitride films coated on AZ91 magnesium alloy by closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering

Despite their extensive use in the automotive and aerospace industries, Mg and Mg alloys, which are light metals, exhibit low fatigue and tensile strength. In this study, transition metal-nitride (TMN) multilayer coatings (Ti+TiN+Ti+TiVN) were coated twice on AZ91 Mg alloy using a Confined Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering (CFUBMS) system to increase fatigue and tensile strength. The structural properties of the films were analyzed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) methods, and the mechanical properties were analyzed by rotating bending fatigue and tensile testing machines. Ti+TiN+Ti+TiVN multilayer nitride surface coatings on AZ91 Mg alloys showed a dense and columnar microstructure and according to XRD results (111) was the preferred orientation with the dominant peak. The fatigue limit value of the AZ91 base material was fixed at 60.46 MPa, while it increased to 68.48 MPa after being coated with multilayer nitride. Along with the multilayer nitride coating, the tensile strength increased from 169.98 MPa to 175.43 MPa. As a result, the multilayer hard nitride coating with low surface roughness, which fills the defects, notches, and voids on the surface of the AZ91 base material, increased the fatigue and tensile strength in parallel. Based on the outcomes of the research, the literature has been enriched with an innovative approach through the enhancement of fatigue and tensile strengths by applying a CFUBMS coating to lightweight metals and alloys, such as AZ91, especially in the transportation industry where lightness and dynamic load resistance are essential.

Simultaneously improved strength and ductility yet strain-hardenable 316L stainless steel by sigma phase and hetero-structuring

In this study, we produced both homogeneous and heterogeneous-structured 316L austenitic stainless steels (SSs), each exhibiting comparable levels of yield strength (YS). Despite their similar YS, the heterogeneous-structured 316L SS exhibits a significantly higher tensile strength of ∼1 GPa compared to the homogeneous-structured 316L SS (∼832 MPa), and slightly higher fracture strain. The enhanced tensile strength and work hardening behavior in the heterogeneous-structured 316L SS were mainly attributed to the hetero-deformation induced (HDI) hardening, accelerated deformation-induced martensitic transformation (DIMT), and the presence of the nano-sized σ-phase particles. Our findings provide insights into the development of metastable heterogeneous-structured face-centered cubic (FCC) metallic materials with outstanding mechanical properties.

Enhanced Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Alkali-Treated Coir Fibres Incorporated with Murraya Koenigii: A Comparative Study of Mono-Layer and Tri-Layer Biocomposites

This study examined the surface morphology and thermal behaviour of the coir fibres incorporated with murraya koenigii before and after alkaline treatment. The mechanical properties of biocomposites reinforced by the untreated fibres, treated fibres, mono-layer and tri-layer treated fibres incorporated with murraya koenigii were systematically investigated. The experimental results showed significant enhancements in tensile strength, flexural strength, hardness, and impact resistance of the biocomposites reinforced by treated fibres. Notably, the alkaline treatment has produced a rougher surface on coir fibres, promoting improved mechanical interlocking between the fibres and the polyethene matrix. These effects become more significant when murraya koenigii particles are incorporated into the fibres. It was found that the tri-layer treated fibres incorporated with murraya koenigii biocomposites showed higher tensile and flexural strength, superior hardness and impact strength when compared to the mono-layer reinforcement biocomposites. At higher temperatures, the treated fibres showed better thermal stability than the untreated fibres and polyethene. Incorporating murraya koenigii particles increased the thermal resistance of the treated fibres, revealing the potential of this green synthesis approach for the development of thermally stable natural fibre composites.

Enhancement of tensile strength and elastic modulus using bio-waste based carbon nanospheres doped polymer nanocomposites

Enhancement of tensile strength and elastic modulus using bio-waste based carbon nanospheres doped polymer nanocomposites

Tunable the mechanical properties of β-Ti1-xMx binary alloys by transition metal M (M = Fe, Mo, Nb, Ni) substitutional doping: A first-principles study

The structural stability, electronic, and mechanical properties of Ti1-xMx (M = Fe, Mo, Nb, Ni) binary alloys were systematically investigated through first-principles calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT). The results indicate that the formation energy decreased with an increase in the substitutional atomic M content, accompanied by an increase in the values of C11–C12. This observation suggests a significant improvement in the structural stability of the Ti1-xMx alloys considered, with the concentration of substitutional atomic M ranging from 6.25 % to 50 %. Furthermore, the mechanical parameters, including bulk modulus B and shear modulus G, exhibited a linear increase with the concentration of the alloy element M. The Young's modulus E of Ti1-xFex and Ti1-xNbx alloys increased, whereas Ti1-xMox and Ti1-xNbx alloys reached a minimum value. In addition, the B/G ratio and Poisson's ratio ν indicated that β-Ti1-xMx alloys are fundamentally ductile materials. Moreover, using the stretching model, we demonstrate that the tensile strength of Ti1-xMx alloys was significantly improved by increasing the alloy element M concentration. The enhancement in tensile strength was primarily attributed to the enhanced bond strength between Ti and M atoms, as revealed by the analysis of the density state. These findings provide a pragmatic approach for reinforcing the strength-toughness compatibility of Ti-based alloys, rendering them suitable for aerospace industry applications.

Efficacious application of data-driven machine learning models for predicting and optimizing the flexural tensile strength of fiber-reinforced concrete

In the literature, a limited number of studies have utilized the random forest (RF) technique to model the flexural tensile strength (FTS) of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). This study established modeling of the FTS of SFRC containing mono-fibrous (exclusively crimped and hooked) systems. A comprehensive database of 193 records was used from 18 published studies (including 30 documents sampled by authors). Machine-learning numerical models were developed and evaluated. Partial dependence plots were constructed to visualize the relationship between the model parameters and rank the parameters based on their importance. It has been found that the RF model can be rationally used to predict and optimize the FTS of SFRC, as most of the predicted–tested results were close to the ± 80% accuracy range. The model showed of underestimation nature for SFRC with high FTS values. The Gini index-based importance analysis showed that the fiber’s content and tensile strength had the highest significance among the other variables. A drastic increase in the FTS by an increase in the fibrous dosage was achieved. However, no major SFRC’s tensile strength enhancement for dosages was more than 1.5%, while its optimum diameter was 0.5–0.7 mm. The results also illustrated that the effect of the fiber’s length is quite similar to that of the fiber content. However, no significant increase can be achieved by increasing the fiber’s length from 40 to 60 mm.

Study of strength and toughness in pearlitic wheel steel via microstructural alteration

The present study investigates a thorough effect of composition, processing, and microstructure on the mechanical property counterpart of pearlitic wheel steel. Optical and scanning electron microscopes along with the ImageJ software are used to capture and quantify the microstructures. Mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile properties, and fracture toughness (K1 C) were measured for all the studied steel. The chemical composition along with the heat treatment parameters are varied in the plant scale processing schedule. It was observed that the volume fraction of ferrite, prior austenite grain (PAG) size and distribution, and pearlite hardness are the most important factors, affecting the strength-toughness combination in the wheel steel. The carbon equivalent and cooling rate are two important factors for the enhancement of tensile strength. The fracture surface investigated under the electron microscope represents the ductile ridges along with the cleavage facets owing to the presence of ferrite allotriomorphs along the PAG and pearlite matrix, respectively. The crack study in the secondary fracture plane shows that the deflection and arrest of cracks were taking place preferentially in the ferrite grain boundaries as well as non-lamellar pearlitic domains.

Influence of bismuth addition on the physical and mechanical properties of low silver/lead-free Sn-Ag-Cu solder

The Sn–Ag–Cu (SAC) solders with low Ag content have been identified as promising candidates to replace the traditional Sn–Pb solder for flip-chip interconnects. This study examines the impact of incorporating Bi element on the microstructure, thermal behavior, and mechanical performance of low-silver-content Sn-1.5Ag-0.7Cu (SAC157) solder alloy. Besides using the conventional cross-sectioned microstructure image, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and tensile stress- strain techniques were used to investigate the microstructure, thermal and mechanical properties after the addition of Bi, respectively. The results demonstrate that adding of Bi could refine the microstructure, optimize the thermal properties, and improve the tensile strength. Meanwhile, the ductility of the solder alloys reduced evidently in comparison to the Sn-1.5Ag-0.7Cu solder. From the microstructural analysis, 0.5 wt % Bi addition to SAC157 significantly enhanced the solid solution effect of Bi and refined β-Sn dendrite, as well as extended the eutectic area. Moreover, as the Bi addition increases to 5 wt %, finely dispersed bismuth precipitates within the β-Sn matrix, along with an enlarged eutectic area, lead to a remarkable enhancement in both ultimate tensile strength and yield strength. The electrical resistivity was characterized by the four-point probe technique. The results show that the electrical resistivity of Bi-modified SAC157 solder alloy decrease from 13.9 to 9.8 μΩ cm with the addition of 5 wt % Bi. These improvements can be attributed to the solid-solution and precipitation strengthening effects induced by the presence of bismuth. The results confirmed that the developed material is applicable as a potential high strength solder material in the context of advanced interconnecting applications.

Promoting nanoprecipitates via prefabricated defects to pin dislocations and grain boundaries for trading off high-strength and low-thermal-expansion of invar alloys

Invar alloys that combine high strength with a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) are urgently required for industrial applications. Based on the lower coarsening rate during aging and the CTE values of carbonitrides, a novel strategy is proposed to prepare carbonitrides by reducing carbon and increasing nitrogen to design high-strength and low-thermal-expansion invar alloys. The V(C, N) nanoprecipitate was introduced into the invar alloy, and its effects on the microstructure, thermal expansion behavior, and mechanical properties were investigated. The direct-aged alloy exhibited an enhanced tensile strength of 525 MPa and a ductility of 47.6%. The cold-deformation aging alloy achieved an enhanced tensile strength of 815 MPa while retaining 7.4% ductility and a low CTE value of 1.23×10−6 /°C. The V(C, N) nanoprecipitates effectively immobilized dislocations and grain boundaries, leading to a high dislocation density and small grain size in the alloy. The contributions of each strengthening mechanism were calculated, and the precipitation and dislocation strengthening were found to be the main mechanisms of strength enhancement. These results provide a novel approach for preparing high-strength and low-CTE invar alloys.

A 4D-Printable Photocurable Resin Derived from Waste Cooking Oil with Enhanced Tensile Strength.

In pursuit of enhancing the mechanical properties, especially the tensile strength, of 4D-printable consumables derived from waste cooking oil (WCO), we initiated the production of acrylate-modified WCO, which encompasses epoxy waste oil methacrylate (EWOMA) and epoxy waste oil acrylate (EWOA). Subsequently, a series of WCO-based 4D-printable photocurable resins were obtained by introducing a suitable diacrylate molecule as the second monomer, coupled with a composite photoinitiator system comprising Irgacure 819 and p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (DMAB). These materials were amenable to molding using an LCD light-curing 3D printer. Our findings underscored the pivotal role of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) among the array of diacrylate molecules in enhancing the mechanical properties of WCO-based 4D-printable resins. Notably, the 4D-printable material, composed of EWOA and TEGDMA in an equal mass ratio, exhibited nice mechanical strength comparable to that of mainstream petroleum-based 4D-printable materials, boasting a tensile strength of 9.17 MPa and an elongation at break of 15.39%. These figures significantly outperformed the mechanical characteristics of pure EWOA or TEGDMA resins. Furthermore, the EWOA-TEGDMA resin demonstrated impressive thermally induced shape memory performance, enabling deformation and recovery at room temperature and retaining its shape at -60 °C. This resin also demonstrated favorable biodegradability, with an 8.34% weight loss after 45 days of soil degradation. As a result, this 4D-printable photocurable resin derived from WCO holds immense potential for the creation of a wide spectrum of high-performance intelligent devices, brackets, mold, folding structures, and personalized products.

Effect of Soybean Oil on the Improvement of the Functionality of Edible Membrane-Type Food Packaging Films Based on Caseinate-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Compositions.

Edible film biopolymers are gaining attention to tackle problems of plastic waste and food safety to alleviate environmental problems associated with plastic products in food packaging. In this study, caseinate-carboxymethyl chitosan (CA-CMCH) composite films were made with the incorporation of soybean oil (SO) using a casting technique. The influence of different soybean oil concentrations at 0, 0.5, and 1% (w/w) on physical, mechanical, barrier, and surface characteristics of films composed of caseinate-carboxymethyl chitosan (CA-CMCH) was evaluated. The brightest film (L* value of 95.95 ± 0.30) was obtained with the edible film made from the control group of samples with sodium caseinate (NaCA-100; 100% NaCA). The results also indicated that samples with 1% SO in NaCA-75 and CaCA-75 had lower water vapor permeability (WVP), while those with NaCA-50 and CaCA-50 showed higher values of WVP. For mechanical properties, this study found that incorporating soybean oil into the caseinate-carboxymethyl (CA-CMCH) composite films led to an enhancement of both tensile strength and elongation at break. The morphological structures, determined using SEM, of control and composite films showed compact and homogenous surfaces. Overall, the addition of soybean oil contributed to the improvement of the functional properties of the edible films, offering potential solutions to the environmental issues associated with plastic packaging and enhancing the safety and performance of food packaging.

Achieving enhanced strength retention at elevated temperatures in ultrafine-fibrous interconnected Al–Ce–Ni eutectic alloy solidified under super-gravity field

Super-gravity field was reported to strongly intensify the buoyancy-driven flow of liquid during solidification, affecting the solute convection and morphology of eutectic structure in binary alloys. In ternary eutectic alloys, certain two-phase regions with a coarse structure can usually be detected concurrently along with three-phase eutectics, leading to the formation of heterogeneous structure with limited ductility. Currently, Al–Ce–Ni ternary eutectic alloy was chosen as a modal system, which was reported for the first time to be solidified under super-gravity field with high volume fraction of three-phase eutectics. Meanwhile, the formation of ultrafine-fibrous interconnected Al11Ce3–Al3Ni eutectic clusters with more “chains” and higher spatial connectivity was detected mainly due to the relatively higher nucleation rate. The high volume fraction and refinement of interconnected Al11Ce3–Al3Ni eutectic clusters with excellent thermal stability could contribute to enhancement of ductility and tensile strength at elevated-temperature. Interestingly, the strength retention at 300 °C and 400 °C were able to reach up to ∼68.1 % and ∼33.2 %, respectively.

Bromine-enhanced polarization for strengthening ultra-thin copper foil in lithium-ion battery

Reducing the weight of the negative current collector is an effective strategy for lightweighting vehicle batteries. Herein, thin copper foil with high tensile strength was prepared through electrodeposition in Br−-based aqueous solution. The synergistic effect of additive Br−, polyethylene glycol (PEG), Bis-(sodium sulfopropyl)-disulfide (SPS) on the microstructure and tensile strength of the copper foils have been systematically explored. It was found that the addition of Br− modifies the microstructure of copper via grain refinement, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of copper foil. The obtained copper foil reaches an enhanced tensile strength of 469.8 N/mm2 and an elongation of 2.2%. The results of electrochemical measurements confirm that Br− enhances electrochemical polarization of PEG and attenuates the acceleration of SPS. The improved mechanical properties of copper foils are attributed to the closer proximity and stronger adsorption energy between Br− and Cu atoms, which results in a synergy of grain refinement and nanotwinned grains associated with increased dislocation density as well as dislocations entangled around nanotwin GBs.

Examining the Impact of Incorporating Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles on the Surface Roughness, Surface Hardness, Tensile Strength, and Shear Bond Strength of Chairside Room Temperature Silicone-based Soft Denture Liners: An In-Vitro Study

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the effect of the addition of 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by weight silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the surface roughness, surface hardness, tensile strength, and shear bond strength of chairside room temperature silicone-based soft denture liners. Methods: SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were added to the soft liner in different concentrations: 0% (control group), 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by weight; surface roughness was measured by profilometer, surface hardness, tensile strength, and shear strength were measured by Instron testing machine. Results: Statistically significant differences were found among study groups regarding surface roughness (p = 0.01), surface hardness (p < 0.0001), tensile bond strength (p = 0.002), and shear bond strength (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The addition of 1.5% SiO2NPs demonstrated an enhancement in shear stress and tensile strength with a decrease in surface hardness and did not affect surface roughness.

Enhancing strength–ductility synergy of AlNp/Al composite by regulating heterostructure of matrix grain and particle distribution

Three heterostructured AlNp/Al composites with different microstructure configurations were fabricated by liquid–solid reaction combined with subsequent thermal-mechanical treatment to obtain a superior strength and ductility combination. The effects of the microstructure configuration including the AlN particle distribution and matrix grain structure on the tensile strength and ductility were studied in detail. The results show that the simultaneous enhancement of tensile strength and ductility can be achieved. The Uniformed-AlNp/Al composite with relatively dispersed particles exhibits a superior ultimate tensile strength of ~387 MPa with an elongation to failure of ~9.1%. It shows an outstanding specific tensile strength and elongation combination compared with other reported particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites. Furthermore, the hetero-deformation induced (HDI) stress has been calculated and is shown to increase significantly in the Uniformed-AlNp/Al composite. It is revealed that the HDI stress plays a crucial role in the significant enhancement of strength and ductility for the AlNp/Al composite.

Effect of steel fiber shape and content on printability, microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D printable high strength cementitious materials

This study investigates the effects of steel fiber shape (straight and hooked-end) and content (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 vol%) on rheological properties, printability, mechanical performance and microstructure of 3D printable steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete (3DP-SFHSC). The results indicate that the increase of fiber content improves the mechanical behaviors of 3DP-SFHSC, but the extrudability suffers from reduction when the fiber content exceeded 1.0 vol% due to the significant increase in yield stress. The addition of 1.5 vol% hooked-end fibers enhances the compressive strength of 3DP-SFHSC by 8%, 25.7%, and 40.4% in the X, Y, and Z directions, respectively. Additionally, it also improves the tensile strength in the X direction by 37.67%. The printed specimens exhibit weaker mechanical properties compared to the cast specimens. On the one hand, the lower fiber-matrix compactness resulting from the absence of vibration during printing leads to increased porosity and weak bonding between the steel fibers and matrix. On the other hand, the inconsistent movement between fibers and mortar matrix during extrusion process may also cause the formation of gaps around fibers. Straight fibers show pronounced enhancements in buildability, compressive strength and tensile strength compared to hooked-end fibers at the same fiber volume fraction. Straight fibers align easily during the extrusion process, contributing to a matrix with lower porosity and smaller average pore size.

Synthesis of castor oil/PEG as textile softener

New castor oil/polyethylene glycol (CAO/PEG) hybrids were synthesized by reacting of CAO with PEG 300, 600, 1000, 2000 or 4000, in presence of ammonium per sulfate (APS) as an initiator. The optimum conditions to synthesis such hybrids are: PEG/CAO weight ratio, 35%; APS/PEG weight ratio, 15%; reaction temperature, 80 °C; and reaction time, 60 min. Only the hybrids based on PEG 1000 and 2000 formed oil in water stable emulsions. Treating cotton fabric samples with easy care finishing formulation containing 40 g/L of the synthesized hybrids emulsions results in an enhancement in softness, tensile strength, whiteness index, and stiffness along with a reduction in nitrogen content, wrinkle recovery angle, and wettability properties of treated fabric, compared to that sample finished in absence of that emulsions. The chemical structure of the synthesized CAO/PEG1000 hybrid was confirmed via the FTIR and 1HNMRanalysis whereas the TEM analysis showed that the particles size of that hybrid emulsion is in the range of 27–105 nm. Moreover, such hybrid emulsion treated fabric surface was characterized via SEM and EDX analysis. Furthermore, treating dyed samples with the nominated hybrid emulsion improves the color strength of that samples but keeps the washing fastness, wet rubbing fastness as well as alkaline perspiration fastness of the dyed/finished samples unchanged. The wet rubbing fastness and alkaline perspiration fastness of all the dyed/finished samples were enhanced while the light fastness of such samples decreased.

Novel short Agave americana based biocomposite and nanobiocomposites for automotive applications

Short fibers of Agave Americana (AA) was extracted from its plant leaf, was chemically treated with Ac2O, HCOOH, H2O2, KMnO4 and NaOH, and then characterized by Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), thermo-gravimetric/differential thermo-gravimetric (TGA/DTG), and field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). PVA stabilized copper nanoparticles from chemical reduction method was characterized using field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS), UV–visible absorption spectroscopy, Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermogravimetry (TGA/DTG). Bio-composites (AA + Polyester Resin (PE) and hybrid nano bio-composites (AA + Polyester Resin (PE) + Cu) were prepared from the untreated and treated AA fibers and further characterized. The synergistic effect of chemical treatment on morphological (SEM), thermal (TGA/DTG), mechanical properties (flexural, tensile, impact and compressive strength) followed by % water absorption were examined. The average surface roughness values (Ra) of chemical treated fiber was identified to be in decreasing manner along with compression strength of biocomposite in the order of untreated (10.74 μm, 44.01 MPa) > NaOH (8.55 μm, 45.07 MPa) > HCOOH (3.49 μm, 24.10 MPa) Ac2O (3.24 μm, 22.10 MPa) > H2O2 (2.51um, 17.9 MPa) > KMnO4 (1.52 μm, 15.1 MPa) treated fibers. Subsequently, the addition of 2s@PVA led to reverse the order namely, the compressive strength of the bionanocomposites were Untreated (10.74 μm, 9.0 MPa) < NaOH (8.55 μm, 0.1 MPa) < HCOOH (3.49 μm, 3.6 MPa) < Ac2O (3.24 μm, 7.6 MPa) < H2O2 (2.51um, 13.3 MPa) < KMnO4 (1.52 μm, 44.1 MPa) treated fibers. Similarly, the biocomposite where the fibres were treated with NaOH, HCOOH were more rough and had, good interconnection between fiber/PE matrix along with enhanced mechanical properties. On addition of nanobiocomposite, only KMnO4 treated fiber composite possed significant mechanical properties. Therefore, mixing CuNPs@PVA with KMnO4 treated fibers led to significant boost to the mechanical properties and minimised the % water absorption properties when compared to the untreated AA/PE biocomposites. The KMnO4 treatment of the AA fiber and addition of copper nanoparticles caused the enhancement of thermal properties, tensile strength and flexural strength. But, these nanobiocomposites were observed to have low impact strength; while, H2O2 treated nanobiocomposites had highest impact strength. The chemical treatment of the AA fiber with NaOH, Ac2O and KMnO4 developed the water resistance of the respective biocomposites. All the nanobiocomposites with chemically treated AA fibers (except Ac2O) were found to have high water resistance. So, they can be used in automotive industry for non-structural applications.