Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgment Research Articles

Different parameters of topology-based wireless acknowledgements in MANETS

The nodes are connected by wireless channels and form a random topology. This paper focuses on a new Intrusion Detection System (IDS), Secure-Enhanced Adaptive 3 Acknowledgment (S-EA3ACK), using Enhanced Adaptive ACKnowledgment (EAACK) with hybrid cryptography specifically designed for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET). In addition, all the aforementioned protocols are compared based on several important performance metrics such as Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), end-to-end latency, and average power consumption across Network Simulator 2 (NS2), which are used to implement and test the proposed system. Different topology sizes and node sets were used, and the results were compared to those of some closely related IDS mechanisms.

Quality of service (QoS) based wireless network for mobile Ad Hoc networks

Quality of Service (QoS) requirements are possible with actual transmission of updates for wireless applications typically included in mission critical applications such as military use or disaster recovery. This research paper proposes an efficient Secure Quality Oriented Distributed (S-QOD) Secure Enhanced Adaptive 3 Acknowledgment (S-EA3ACK) and implements a new on-demand wireless intrusion detection system. S-QOD can improve a best performance of output quality (QoS) to reduce transmission delay, transmission time and also increase network communication throughput for S-EA3ACK using Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgement (EAACK) DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm) with MAJE4 symmetric cryptography specially designed for MANET through Network Simulator-2.34 (NS2) to implement it.

An enhancement of EAACK using P2P ACK and RSA public key cryptography

MANET – Mobile Adhoc Network is a self-configuring network that connected by the number of mobile nodes with wireless links and it has no fixed infrastructure. In this, each single node can operates as both a transmitter and receiver. It has been exploited in various applications such as disaster stuck areas, military, emergency revival etc. Nevertheless, the open intermediate and broad distribution of nodes in MANET can cause a vulnerable to different malicious attacks and MANET that can operate consistently even in the being there of inside packet drop attackers can be really challenging. Therefore, we need to develop Intrusion Detection System to detect the misbehavior nodes during the packet delivery with acknowledgement for the protection of MANET. In this paper, EAACK (Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgment) is developed with Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) hybrid protocol which consists of P2P ACK and RSA algorithm. At present, the network overhead is caused by the digital signature algorithm if more misbehavior nodes are presented on network. Hence, this proposed system is applied with EIGRP to reduce the network overhead caused by digital signatures in EAACK, and P2P (peer-peer) ACK and RSA (named after Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir and Len Adleman) provides more security to the network. S-ACK (Selective Acknowledgements) cannot differentiate the particular node is malicious node. Therefore, this proposed system introduces the P2P ACK to detect the misbehavior node efficiently. Here, RSA can encrypt the session key that creates the key more secure to improve the security level and P2P ACK use this encrypted key for the acknowledgement. In the P2P ACK, keys are generated by the RSA and distributed for signing and verifying the acknowledgement packets in advance. This proposed P2P ACK is used to enhance the detection of misbehavior nodes. The performance of this proposed method can improve the security level and reduce the routing overhead through the secured acknowledgement.

IMPROVED EAACK FOR INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM

Today Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are preferred in many applications because of its self-configuring nature and dynamic topology. Sending node in MANETs rely on intermediate nodes for data transmission to remote nodes. This poses serious security threats. There is a necessity of an intrusion detection system to ensure secure message transmission in MANETs. Many Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) like Watchdog, TWO ACKnowledgement (TWOACK), Adaptive ACKnowledgement (AACK) and Enhanced Adaptive ACKnowledgement (EAACK) have been proposed for this purpose. Of these IDS, EAACK is found to perform better. EAACK is purely acknowledgement based. Hence there should be a mechanism to validate the acknowledgements. This paper aims at improving performance of EAACK by using hybrid cryptography to validate the sending and receiving nodes in place of Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) and Rivest Shamir and Adelman algorithm (RSA) that is used in existing EAACK. In hybrid cryptographic key exchange algorithm, a combination of symmetric and asymmetric key cryptographic algorithm (AES and RSA) is used. When compared with its contemporary EAACK, Improved EAACK (IEAACK) achieves smaller network overhead.To simulate the IEAACK environment, NS2 simulator is used. IEAACKovercomes the problems of existing IDS.

Performance Evaluation of MANET Network Parameters Using AODV Protocol for HEAACK Enhancement

MANETs are Vulnerable to malicious attackers because of their open medium and wide distribution of malicious attackers. Intrusion Detection System detects and reports the malicious activity in ad hoc networks. IDSs usually act as the second layer in MANETs.A detection system called Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgement (EAACK) specially designed for MANETs. By the accepting MRA scheme, EAACK is capable of finding malicious nodes contempt the existence of the false misbehavior report and against other popular mechanisms in different scenario through simulation. Malicious attackers to falsely report nodes as malicious can produce the false misbehavior report.EAACK is an acknowledgment-based encroachment detection system. When measured over 40% malicious nodes the routing overhead for EAACK (DSA) is 0.58% and Packet delivery ratio is 0.92% for the same. This attack can be deadly to the entire network when the attackers break down sufficient nodes and thus cause a network division. Hybrid Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgement (HEAACK) which is proposed system adds cryptography mechanism such as RSA and Triple DES giving a secure network and thus the rate of data manipulation and network overhead decreases.

Implementation of Enhanced & AdaptiveIntrusion Detection System for MANET

Mobile Ad hoc network has become one of the most important wireless communication mechanisms. Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETS) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes without any infrastructure support, in which every single node works as both transmitter and receiver .Nodes in MANET can communicates directly with each other when they are in a same communication range. The self-configuring ability of mobile nodes in a MANET made them popular in vital mission applications like military use or emergency recovery. However the open medium of MANET allows them vulnerable to attacks. Because of MANET’s distributed architecture and changing topology a traditional centralized monitoring system is not longer feasible in MANET .In this case intrusion detection should be focused as another part before an attacker can damage the structure of the system. So, this work presents various intrusion detection system named as TWOACK, AACK, ACK and Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgement (EAACK).Enhanced intrusion detection system use digital signature technique to digitally signed packets before they are transmitted to ensure integrity and confidentiality of packets.

IJARCCE - Computer and Communication Engineering

Mobile ad-hoc networks are temporary wireless networks. Network resources are abnormally consumed by intruders. Intrusion detection techniques are used for the network attack detection process. The receiver collision, low transmission power and misbehave report authentication attacks are generated in the routing process. The acknowledgement scheme is used to control the routing based attacks. Service level based attacks are raised using service requests. Classification methods are used to discover the service level based attacks. The nodes are grouped into clusters. The leader nodes are assigned for the clusters. Cluster Dependant Leader Election (CDLE) and Cluster Independent Leader Election (CILE) schemes are used in the system. The system optimizes the leader election and intrusion detection process. The system uses the Enhanced Adaptive ACKnowledgment (EAACK) scheme for routing based attack detection process. RSA and Secure Hash Algorithms are used to secure the EAACK scheme. The Bayesian Classification algorithm is used for service level attack detection process. Node mobility is managed by the system.

Hybrid Cryptography Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgment (HCEAACK) Intrusion Detection System

A mobile Ad-hoc network (MANET) is a wireless network that does not rely on any fixed infrastructure (i.e., routing facilities, such as wired networks and access points), and whose nodes must coordinate among themselves to determine connectivity and routing. The traditional way of protecting networks is not directly applicable to MANETs. Many conventional security solutions are ineffective and inefficient for the highly dynamic and resource-constrained environments where MANETs use might be expected. Since prevention techniques are never enough, intrusion detection systems (IDSs), which monitor system activities and detect intrusions, are generally used to complement other security mechanisms. So, it is crucial to develop efficient intrusion-detection mechanisms to protect MANET from attacks. To provide high security for information on MANETs, Intrusion Detection Systems (especially that based on acknowledgment packets) used different types of cryptographic algorithms to protect the acknowledgment packets from attacks of intruder. These cryptographic algorithms are required to provide data security and user's authenticity. In this paper we proposed an intrusion-detection model to protect MANETs from attacks named Hybrid Cryptography Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgment (HCEAACK) based on acknowledgment packets. In order to ensure the integrity and high level of security of the proposed model, acknowledgment packets encrypted and digitally signed by its sender before they are sent out and verified by its receiver until they are accepted, for this purpose we use hybrid cryptography Technique. This hybrid cryptography Technique has been used to detect hacking on the acknowledgment packets in intrusion detection systems like RSA hacking problem that appears in other pervious system. We used two algorithms to implement our Hybrid Cryptography technique, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm and RSA algorithm. The two algorithms are cooperated to give more security to acknowledgment packets. The proposed model has been compared with other popular mechanisms like watchdog, Two Acknowledgment (Two-ACK), Adaptive Acknowledgment (AACK) and Enhanced Adapted Acknowledgment (EAACK) through simulation by Network Simulator NS 2.34. To evaluate the performance of IDS for existing and proposed technique we estimated the values of three performance metrics Packet delivery factor (PDF), Routing Overhead (OH) and Average end-to-end delay (D) in many scenarios. Compared to contemporary approaches, our proposed model demonstrates higher malicious-behavior-detection rates in certain circumstances while does not greatly affect the network performances.

A Secure Intrusion-Detection System Using an Acknowledgment-Based Approach for the Detection of Routing Misbehavior in MANETS

The migration to wireless network from wired network has been a global trends in the past few decades. The mobility and scalability brought by wireless network made it possible in many applications. Among all the contemporary wireless networks, Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is one of the most important and unique applications. On the contrary to traditional network architecture, MANET does not require a fixed network infrastructure; every single node works as both a transmitter and a receiver. In general, routing protocols for MANETs are designed based on the assumption that all participating nodes are fully cooperative. Nodes communicate directly with each other when they are both within the same communication range. Otherwise, they rely on their neighbors to relay messages. One such routing misbehavior is that some selfish nodes will participate in the route discovery and maintenance processes but refuse to forward data packets. In this paper, we propose the 2ACK scheme and a new intrusion-detection system named Enhanced Adaptive ACKnowledgment (EAACK) specially designed for MANETs that serves as an add-on technique for routing schemes to detect routing misbehavior and to mitigate their adverse effect. The main idea of the 2ACK scheme is to send two-hop acknowledgment packets in the opposite direction along with the EAACK demonstrates higher malicious behavior detection rates in certain circumstances while does not greatly affect the network performances of the routing path. In order to reduce additional routing overhead, only a fraction of the received data packets are acknowledged in the 2ACK scheme. Analytical and simulation results are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme.

An Acknowledgement based Intrusion Detection System using ECDSA for Detecting Malicious Node in MANET

Mobile Ad hoc network is a group of wireless mobile nodes generating a network not by using any existing infrastructure. MANET is a collection of mobile nodes equipped with a wireless-transmitter and receiver that in contact with each other via bi-directional wireless links either directly or indirectly. An encroachment detection system named Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgement (EAACK) specially designed for MANETs. By the acceptation of MRA scheme, EAACK is capable of finding malicious nodes contempt the existence of the false misbehavior report and equate it against other popular mechanisms in different scenario through simulation. The results will exhibit positive performances against thefalse misbehavior report. EAACK demonstrates higher leering behavior detection rates in certain circumstances while does not greatly affect the network performances.Malicious attackers to falsely report innocent nodes as malicious can produce the false misbehavior report. EAACK is an acknowledgment-based encroachment detection system.This attack can be deadly to the entire network when the attackers break down sufficient nodes and thus cause a network division.The introduction of digital signature (DSA) is to prevent the attacker from counterfeitacknowledgment packets.

Hybrid Cryptography Algorithms for Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgment Secure in MANET

The mobile adhoc network is a group of mobile nodes without having the fixed infrastructure. Due to the infrastructure less network and distributed nature, make mobile adhoc network susceptible to malicious attackers. So, we use an intrusion detection system called Enhanced Adaptive ACKnowledgement (EAACK) especially for mobile adhoc networks. Based on the digital signature algorithm (DSA) and RSA the EAACK is designed. To enhance the strength of the security in the mobile adhoc networks, we introduce an innovative approach called Hybrid Security Protocol that provides integrity, confidentiality and authentication. This Hybrid Security Protocol consists of Cryptography based on Elliptic curve, Dual-RSA algorithm and Message Digest MD5. Encryption is achieved by using Elliptic Curve Cryptography, Dual-RSA algorithm for authentication and MD-5 for integrity. By using a combination of both symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic techniques, we achieve better security with integrity. Key Terms:Digital Signature, Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgment (EAACK), Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET), Elliptic Curve Cryptography, Dual-RSA, Message Digest-5.

Comparative Study of Ids for Manet

Recent advancements in wireless communication and the miniaturization of computers have led to a new concept called the mobile ad hoc network (MANET), where two or more mobile nodes can form a temporary network without need of any existing network infrastructure or centralized administration. Even if the source and the destination mobile hosts are not in the communication range of each other, data packets are forwarded to the destination mobile host by relaying the transmission through other mobile hosts which exist between the two mobile hosts. Since no special infrastructure is required, in various fields such as military and rescue affairs, many applications are expected to be developed for ad hoc networks. Nevertheless, the exposed medium and wide distribution of nodes make MANET vulnerable to malicious attackers. In this situation, it is necessary to develop efficient intrusion-detection mechanisms to protect MANET from attacks. Since MANETs is used in many applications it isnecessary to provide more security. In this paper, we suggest and implement a new intrusion-detection system named Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgment (EAACK) with cluster based communicationspecifically designed for MANETs. Compared to current approaches, EAACK with cluster based communication demonstrates higher malicious-behavior-detection rates in certain environments.

EAACK—A Secure Intrusion-Detection System for MANETs

The migration to wireless network from wired network has been a global trend in the past few decades. The mobility and scalability brought by wireless network made it possible in many applications. Among all the contemporary wireless networks, Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is one of the most important and unique applications. On the contrary to traditional network architecture, MANET does not require a fixed network infrastructure; every single node works as both a transmitter and a receiver. Nodes communicate directly with each other when they are both within the same communication range. Otherwise, they rely on their neighbors to relay messages. The self-configuring ability of nodes in MANET made it popular among critical mission applications like military use or emergency recovery. However, the open medium and wide distribution of nodes make MANET vulnerable to malicious attackers. In this case, it is crucial to develop efficient intrusion-detection mechanisms to protect MANET from attacks. With the improvements of the technology and cut in hardware costs, we are witnessing a current trend of expanding MANETs into industrial applications. To adjust to such trend, we strongly believe that it is vital to address its potential security issues. In this paper, we propose and implement a new intrusion-detection system named Enhanced Adaptive ACKnowledgment (EAACK) specially designed for MANETs. Compared to contemporary approaches, EAACK demonstrates higher malicious-behavior-detection rates in certain circumstances while does not greatly affect the network performances.

Using 3GPP- A Secure IDS for MANETs

Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is one of the important and unique applications. MANET does not require a fixednetwork infrastructure, every single node works as both a transmitter and a receiver. Nodes communicate directly witheach other when they are both within the same communication range else they can propagate message to neighbor nodesto pass the message. A new intrusion detection system named Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgement (EAACK) speciallydesigned for MANETs. By the adoption of MRA scheme, EAACK is capable of detecting malicious nodes despite theexistence of false misbehavior report. The results will demonstrate positive performances against Watchdog, TWOACKand AACK in the cases of receiver collision, limited transmission power and false misbehavior report. EAACKdemonstrates higher malicious behavior detection rates in certain circumstances while does not greatly affect the networkperformances. EAACK is designed based on the Digital signature Algorithm (DSA) and RSA. Those techniques havedrawback due to network overhead. We need techniques for security like encryptions, hybrid encryption or sign encryptionto protect our message.