English-speaking Population Research Articles

Validation and invariance testing of the English Short Physical activity enjoyment scale

Enjoyment is recognized as a determinant of physical activity habits. The enjoyment of engaging in physical activity can be measured with the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). Later versions of this scale have been shortened to capture the component of subjective feeling, which has been validated using German-speaking samples. The aim of this study was to examine internal consistency, factorial validity, criterion-related validity, test-retest reliability, and measurement invariance (across gender and languages) in an English-speaking population. Data on physical activity enjoyment and self-reported physical activity were collected through an online survey with a test-retest design (n = 276,189 female, M = 42.55, SD = 16.81 years) conducted from September 2023 to December 2023. In addition, a German-speaking sample (n = 1017, 497 female, M = 29.77, SD = 13.54 years) was analyzed to assess measurement invariance with respect to language. McDonald’s omega at time 1 was ω = 0.95. The confirmatory factor analysis supports the assumption of the unidimensional structure of PACES-S (χ2 = 19.8, df = 2, p < 0.05; CFI = 0.984; RMSEA = 0.180, 90% CI [0.113–0.256]), as the model fit can be estimated as good in view of the CFI value, while the sensitivity of the χ2 test is very high and the RMSEA may underestimate the model fit. Although the RMSEA value is higher than the conventional threshold, the small number of degrees of freedom may have a significant impact on this indicator. The criterion-related validity for light physical activity was r(107) = 0.26 (p < 0.05). The retest reliability was r(199) = 0.69 (p < 0.05). Further, the results supported measurement invariance across gender and partial measurement invariance across languages. Overall, the English PACES-S demonstrated good psychometric properties specifically for light intensity of physical activity, and can serve as an economical instrument to assess physical activity enjoyment.

The Chinese 10-Item Empathy Quotient and Systemising Quotient-Revised: Internal Consistency, Test-Retest Reliability, Known-Groups Validity, and Sex Differences in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults.

The 10-item version of the Empathy Quotient (EQ-10) and the Systemising Quotient-Revised (SQ-R-10) were originally developed in the English-speaking population. However, little is known about the reliability of these measures. There is also extremely limited research translating or evaluating any translated version of these 10-item measures. The present study translated the measures into Chinese and evaluated the Chinese 10-item EQ (C-EQ-10) and SQ-R (C-SQ-R-10). An online survey consisting of the C-EQ-10 and the C-SQ-R-10 was completed by 698 non-autistic adults and 43 autistic adults in Hong Kong. Internal consistency of the measures was satisfactory in the autistic group (α = 0.60-0.63) and good in the non-autistic group (α = 0.76-0.82). Test-retest reliability was high in both the autistic group (r = .76-0.81) and the non-autistic group (r = .80-0.84). On average, the autistic group had significantly lower empathising than did the non-autistic group (Cohen's d = -1.21), and there was a trend of higher systemising in the autistic group than in the non-autistic group (Cohen's d = 0.20). On average, within the non-autistic group, males had significantly lower empathising (Cohen's d = -0.57) and significantly higher systemising (Cohen's d = 0.33) than did females. These average sex differences were attenuated and non-significant in the autistic group. Distribution patterns of "brain types" based on empathising-systemising difference scores seem to suggest that "brain types" are shifted towards systemising types in autistic or male participants. The C-EQ-10 and the C-SQ-R-10 are valid and reliable measures.

Russian-Language Version of the “Experiences in Close Relationships — Relationship Structures Questionnaire” by R. Fraley, M. Heffernan, A. Vicary, C. Brumbaugh (ECR-RS-Rus)

J. Modern research has proven that an adult possesses a flexible, complex system of attachments. To explore the role of an individual’s attachment to different figures in diverse contexts of his/her life, researchers need reliable and valid instruments designed for this purpose. One of such measures is a questionnaire developed by R. Fraley and colleagues for English-speaking population — “Experience of close relationships — Relationship structures” (ECR-RS). The article presents the results of ECR-RS validation for Russian respondents. The sample comprised 668 students of Moscow, Barnaul and Vladimir universities, aged from 17 to 39 (M = 19.54; SD = 2.33; Md = 19.00), female — 84.7%. The results show that the construct and discriminant validity, and reliability of the Russian-language version of ECR-RS have been proven. Descriptive statistics for the measure are presented. The results of the study suggest that ECR-RS-Rus is an appropriate measure of the quality of attachment to different close people.

Translation and validation of the abbreviated Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory (PSI-20): A tool for assessing prefrontal symptoms in English-speaking populations.

This study introduces the translation and validation of the Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory (PSI) into English, aiming to provide an ecologically valid tool for assessing prefrontal symptoms in English-speaking populations in the United States. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a crucial role in executive functions and other higher-order cognitive processes, with dysfunctions in this area associated with various cognitive, emotional and behavioural changes. Despite the existence of established tools like the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX), the PSI addresses limitations found in the literature, presenting a novel ecologically valid tool for assessing prefrontal symptoms. The current study, involving 226 English-speaking participants, lays a foundational step for validating the PSI for use in a new population. Semi-confirmatory factorial analysis revealed a unidimensional structure, mirroring the Spanish version with robust fit indicators. Additionally, in assessing convergent validity, the abbreviated version (PSI-20) exhibited high correlations with DEX scores and moderate correlations with Psychological Stress Scale and General Health Questionnaire-12 scores. These findings align with previous reports, supporting the PSI-20's measurement of similar constructs related to prefrontal cortex activity and mental health components. The results of this study overall highlight the PSI's potential contribution to advancing prefrontal symptom evaluation in clinical and non-clinical settings.

A digital iCBT intervention for social anxiety disorder in Quebec and Ontario: protocol for a multi-phase effectiveness-implementation study

BackgroundSocial anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most prevalent anxiety disorders in Canada. Viable therapy options for the treatment of SAD include CBT being delivered virtually. In Australia, an innovative internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (iCBT) program for social anxiety has been developed, implemented, and demonstrated as effective. To make available high-quality and real-time evidence in response to the crucial need to access psychological services to meet population mental health needs, we propose to conduct a Canadian adaptation of the iCBT Shyness Program and to examine the program’s effectiveness, and implementation in two Canadian provinces (Quebec and Ontario).MethodsThe overall study design is a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study of a quasi-experimental parallel group trial. Prior to implementing the iCBT Shyness Program, it will undergo an initial adaptation to the Canadian context and focus groups will be conducted with key actor groups to discuss the adaptations to the graphics, narration of the lessons, and this to better reflect varying socio-cultural context among Canadian French- and English-speaking populations. We will evaluate the effectiveness of the program in three parallel pathways reflecting real-world pathways: (1) self-refer to the intervention; (2) recommended by a health professional without guidance; and (3) recommended by a health professional, with low-intensity guidance. Data collection will be carried out at baseline, at the beginning of each lesson, 12-week and 6-month follow-up. Outcomes measured will include anxiety and depressive symptoms, psychological distress, disability, as well as health service utilization and satisfaction. Semi-structured interviews will then be conducted with study participants and health care providers to explore facilitating factors and barriers to the implementation of the iCBT adapted program.DiscussionThis study will provide evidence on the effectiveness, barriers and facilitating factors to implementing a low-intensity iCBT in the Canadian context for SAD, which will bridge an important care gap for undeserved populations in Canada with SAD. Findings will inform the eventual scaling up of the program in community-based primary care across Canada. This would improve equity of the health care system by helping a large number of Canadians to timely access to mental health services.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov NCT06403995. Prospectively registered on 05/03/2024.

Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment questionnaire specifically tailored for greater trochanteric pain syndrome for the Dutch population

Abstract Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is a highly prevalent condition characterized by lateral hip and thigh pain. The Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment (VISA) questionnaire specifically tailored for GTPS (VISA-G) questionnaire was developed for the purpose of assessing and quantifying the severity of symptoms related to gluteal tendinopathy or GTPS. It is commonly used in research and clinical settings to evaluate the impact of GTPS on patient function and quality of life. The VISA-G questionnaire was developed for English-speaking populations. Before this questionnaire can be used in non-English-speaking populations, it has to be translated and validated for a particular population. The current study aimed to translate and validate the VISA-G questionnaire for a Dutch-speaking context (VISA-G-Dutch). In this study, we conducted a comprehensive process involving forward and back translation, along with a thorough comparison with other established hip-related questionnaires. The COSMIN checklist was used to ensure uniformity in the validation study. A sample of 100 participants, 50 symptomatic and 50 asymptomatic, completed the VISA-G-Dutch, Harris Hip Score, Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Oxford Hip Score, and Nonarthritic Hip Score questionnaires. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were measured. Construct validity was assessed through positive correlations between the VISA-G-Dutch and gold standard questionnaires. Strong internal consistency and test–retest reliability correlations were found in both the asymptomatic and symptomatic groups. The test–retest reliability also demonstrated strong positive correlations for the symptomatic group. The standard error of measurement was ∼2.3 for the symptomatic group. These results prove that the VISA-G-Dutch is a reliable and valid tool for assessing GTPS and gluteal tendinopathy in Dutch-speaking individuals, providing clinicians with a valuable assessment tool.

Examination of Measures of Perfectionism for Structural and Measurement Invariance in an Italian and a Canadian Sample

Perfectionism measures developed in English-speaking populations have become frequently used in many non-English contexts, including in Italy. Establishing structural and measurement equivalence of instruments between Canadian and Italian samples is therefore important in establishing the validity of these concepts and instruments in Italian contexts, and to allow for direct cross-cultural comparisons. The current study investigated the measurement equivalence between a Canadian and an Italian sample for the commonly used measures of perfectionism constructs based on the Comprehensive Model of Perfectionistic Behavior. The Hewitt & Flett Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale, and the Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory were examined for configural, metric, and scalar invariance via equivalence testing of multigroup confirmatory factor analysis models. The results showed some evidence for configural and metric equivalence for the three measures, thus facilitating cross-cultural interpretation of pattern of associations. However, there was no consistent evidence for scalar invariance, thus suggesting that direct comparisons of perfectionism levels between the two contexts cannot be meaningfully interpreted. This highlights the need for research in both Canadian and Italian contexts to understand cross-cultural differences and similarities in perfectionism.

Absolute pitch in involuntary musical imagery

Memory for isolated absolute pitches is extremely rare in Western, English-speaking populations. However, past research has found that people can voluntarily reproduce well-known songs in the original key much more often than chance. It is unknown whether this requires deliberate effort or if it manifests in involuntary musical imagery (INMI, or earworms). Participants (N = 30, convenience sample) were surveyed at random times over a week and asked to produce a sung recording of any music they were experiencing in their heads. We measured the “pitch error” of each recording to the nearest semitone by comparing participants’ recordings to the original song. We found that 44.7% of recordings had a pitch error of 0 semitones, and 68.9% of recordings were within ± 1 semitone of the original song. Our results provide novel evidence that a large proportion of the population has access to absolute pitch, as revealed in their INMI.

What is in a name: Taxonomy of speech sound disorders from a cross-linguistic perspective.

In response to the call for papers under the theme "What is in a name" proposed by the Scientific Child Speech Committee of the International Association of Communication Sciences and Disorders (IALP), the current paper discusses taxonomy and its relation to speech sound disorders (SSD) from a cross-linguistic perspective. This paper starts with a brief description of specific SSD frameworks and nomenclature. The authors draw from international theoretical and clinical research which underscore the importance of taxonomy systems in SSD. The current papers stresses the importance of the contribution to differential diagnosis and prognosis of children with protracted speech profiles on the bases of taxonomy profiles and systems for SSD. The advantages and shortcomings of taxonomy in SSD are also discussed from a cross-linguistic context. The language of focus includes the Greek dialectal variation of Cypriot-Greek. The paper adds to the importance of taxonomy and SSD subsystems which allow differential diagnosis of SSD and the implementation of appropriate intervention methods. What is already known on this subject The use of various taxonomy systems regarding SSD are widely available for English-speaking populations. Such systems in the cross-linguistic framework remain underexplored. What this paper adds to existing knowledge The paper underscores the need for the development, adaptation and use of taxonomy systems that will add to the existing databases and taxonomy subsystems used in English What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? Potential clinical implications include the development and implementation of taxonomy systems in profile SSD productions in children.

A cross-cultural study of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment for people with hearing impairment.

Cognitive screening tools enable the detection of cognitive impairment, facilitate timely intervention, inform clinical care, and allow long-term planning. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment for people with hearing impairment (MoCA-H) was developed as a reliable cognitive screening tool for people with hearing loss. Using the same methodology across four languages, this study examined whether cultural or linguistic factors affect the performance of the MoCA-H. The current study investigated the performance of the MoCA-H across English, German, French, and Greek language groups (n = 385) controlling for demographic factors known to affect the performance of the MoCA-H. In a multiple regression model accounting for age, sex, and education, cultural-linguistic group accounted for 6.89% of variance in the total MoCA-H score. Differences between languages in mean score of up to 2.6 points were observed. Cultural or linguistic factors have a clinically significant impact on the performance of the MoCA-H such that optimal performance cut points for identification of cognitive impairment derived in English-speaking populations are likely inappropriate for use in non-English speaking populations. To ensure reliable identification of cognitive impairment, it is essential that locally appropriate performance cut points are established for each translation of the MoCA-H.

First Psychometric Evaluation of the English Version of the Semi-Structured Interview for Personality Functioning (STiP-5.1)

The Alternative Model for Personality Disorders provides a dimensional framework for the conceptualization of personality disorders where Criterion A concerns the assessment of one’s level of personality functioning (LPF). This study examines the psychometric properties of the English translation of the Semi-Structured Interview for Personality Functioning (STiP-5.1) to validate this translation for the assessment of LPF in English-speaking populations; and examine whether this measure increments self-report measures of LPF and personality pathology in predicting general functioning. The sample consisted of 129 emerging adults between 18 and 25 years of age (M = 20.54, SD = 2.08) from a mixed college and clinical sample. Results support a unidimensional factor structure of the STiP-5.1, good internal consistency, and high inter-rater reliability. Construct validity was supported through associations of the STiP-5.1 with self-report measures of LPF and personality pathology. The STiP-5.1 incremented self-report measures of personality pathology in predicting functional impairment, though additional variance explained was modest. Finally, STiP-5.1 scores differentiated individuals who obtained a score at or above the clinical cutoff from those below on self-report measures of personality pathology and LPF with large effect sizes. Findings support the validity of the English translation of the STiP-5.1 for the assessment of LPF.

Validation and responsiveness of the English version of the Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia Distress Scale (CADS) in breast cancer patients

PurposeThis study aimed to validate the Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia Distress Scale (CADS) in a diverse English-speaking population and patients with endocrine treatment-induced alopecia (EIA).ObjectiveChemotherapy and endocrine therapy commonly cause alopecia in breast cancer patients, leading to significant psychological and social challenges. The CADS was developed to assess the psychosocial impact of alopecia, but its generalizability beyond Korean patients requires further investigation.MethodsData from the CHANCE study (NCT02530177), which focused on non-metastatic breast cancer, was used. The cohort included 256 patients, and CADS data were collected at baseline, 6 months after chemotherapy completion, or 12 months after initiating endocrine therapy. The CADS questionnaire comprised 17 items covering physical and emotional health, daily activities, and relationships. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and responsiveness was measured by effect size.ResultsThe CADS exhibited good reliability, with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.91 for the overall score, indicating acceptable internal consistency in both chemotherapy (0.89) and endocrine therapy (0.86) groups. Longitudinal responsiveness was supported by an effect size of 0.49 between decreasing satisfaction with hair growth and increasing emotional distress. Cross-sectional validity was confirmed, with effect sizes of 0.91 and 0.92 for satisfaction with hair growth and emotional and activity domains, respectively.ConclusionThe CADS is a valid and responsive tool for assessing the psychosocial impact of chemotherapy-induced alopecia and endocrine treatment-induced alopecia in a diverse Western patient population.

Examining One-Way Dual Language Elementary Latinx Bilingual Learners’ Trajectory on a State Standardized Reading Assessment

ABSTRACT The U.S. population has become more racially and ethnically diverse over time. The Latinx population growth makes Spanish the most common language encountered in non-native English-speaking populations such as Texas. The research objective of this study was to examine if implementing a One-Way Dual Language Education (DLE) Program could result in positive outcomes on the reported reading performance of Latinx bilinguals as indicated by the State of Texas Assessment of Academic Readiness (STAAR) standardized assessment. This study aimed to investigate the possible impact the one-way dual language program may have on bilingual learners’ (BLs) reading assessment scores compared to other second language learners in Texas. The study analyzed the standardized state assessment reading scores in both English and Spanish of over 1100 BLs in a one-way DLE program and found that the BLs in the dataset demonstrated a positive trajectory in the mean scale scores as they progressed through elementary grades. The results provide a significant contribution to the research that supports the effectiveness of DLE programs, especially for Latinx BLs.

Legal Protection of Linguistic Minority under Discrimination: The Case of Anglophone Cameroon

The minority English-speaking population in Cameroon, where French is the majority language, has a number of political, economic, and social complaints that collectively make up the "Anglophone problem." These grievances are described using the terms discrimination, marginalization, and second-class citizenship. The right to speak English in Cameroon must always be upheld as a fundamental right. To protect the rights of minorities, Cameroon has established a number of laws. Since Cameroon and many other countries have ratified a number of human rights instruments, it is the state's duty to safeguard all the rights guaranteed by these instruments, including those of minorities. As demonstrated by the current crisis, another escalation in that cycle, there are several political systemic deficiencies that need to be closed if Cameroon is to grow as a single nation. Greater localized control over political and financial resources might be necessary to achieve this. In order to better serve the needs of citizens, existing institutions and leadership structures must become more accommodating.

Exploring attitudes toward xenotransplantation: A scoping review of healthcare workers, healthcare students, and kidney patients.

Recent advances mean that formal clinical trials of solid organ xenotransplantation are increasingly likely to begin and patients requiring a kidney transplant could be the first participants. Healthcare workers and healthcare students constitute the current and future workforce that will influence public opinion of xenotransplantation. The attitudes of these populations are important to consider before recruitment for formal clinical trials begins. This scoping review was reported according to the PRISMA extensions for scoping reviews checklist and the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. The Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases were searched to identify articles that studied the attitudes of healthcare workers, healthcare students, or kidney patients toward xenotransplantation. The search generated 816 articles, of which 27 met the eligibility criteria. The studies were conducted in 14 different countries on five different continents. Participants from the 27 studies totaled 29,836-this was constituted of 6,223 (21%) healthcare workers, 21,067 (71%) healthcare students, and 2,546 (8%) kidney patients. All three groups had an overall positive attitude toward xenotransplantation. However, in studies where participants were asked to consider xenotransplantation when the risks and results were not equal to allotransplantation-the overall attitude switched from positive to negative. The results also found that Spanish-speaking populations expressed more favorable views toward xenotransplantation compared to English-speaking populations. The results of this review suggest that while attitudes of the three groups toward xenotransplantation are-on the face of it-positive, this positivity deteriorates when the risks and outcomes are framed in more clinically realistic terms. Only formal clinical trials can determine how the risks and outcomes of xenotransplantation compare to allotransplantation.

Physician Versus Large Language Model Chatbot Responses to Web-Based Questions From Autistic Patients in Chinese: Cross-Sectional Comparative Analysis.

There is a dearth of feasibility assessments regarding using large language models (LLMs) for responding to inquiries from autistic patients within a Chinese-language context. Despite Chinese being one of the most widely spoken languages globally, the predominant research focus on applying these models in the medical field has been on English-speaking populations. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of LLM chatbots, specifically ChatGPT-4 (OpenAI) and ERNIE Bot (version 2.2.3; Baidu, Inc), one of the most advanced LLMs in China, in addressing inquiries from autistic individuals in a Chinese setting. For this study, we gathered data from DXY-a widely acknowledged, web-based, medical consultation platform in China with a user base of over 100 million individuals. A total of 100 patient consultation samples were rigorously selected from January 2018 to August 2023, amounting to 239 questions extracted from publicly available autism-related documents on the platform. To maintain objectivity, both the original questions and responses were anonymized and randomized. An evaluation team of 3 chief physicians assessed the responses across 4 dimensions: relevance, accuracy, usefulness, and empathy. The team completed 717 evaluations. The team initially identified the best response and then used a Likert scale with 5 response categories to gauge the responses, each representing a distinct level of quality. Finally, we compared the responses collected from different sources. Among the 717 evaluations conducted, 46.86% (95% CI 43.21%-50.51%) of assessors displayed varying preferences for responses from physicians, with 34.87% (95% CI 31.38%-38.36%) of assessors favoring ChatGPT and 18.27% (95% CI 15.44%-21.10%) of assessors favoring ERNIE Bot. The average relevance scores for physicians, ChatGPT, and ERNIE Bot were 3.75 (95% CI 3.69-3.82), 3.69 (95% CI 3.63-3.74), and 3.41 (95% CI 3.35-3.46), respectively. Physicians (3.66, 95% CI 3.60-3.73) and ChatGPT (3.73, 95% CI 3.69-3.77) demonstrated higher accuracy ratings compared to ERNIE Bot (3.52, 95% CI 3.47-3.57). In terms of usefulness scores, physicians (3.54, 95% CI 3.47-3.62) received higher ratings than ChatGPT (3.40, 95% CI 3.34-3.47) and ERNIE Bot (3.05, 95% CI 2.99-3.12). Finally, concerning the empathy dimension, ChatGPT (3.64, 95% CI 3.57-3.71) outperformed physicians (3.13, 95% CI 3.04-3.21) and ERNIE Bot (3.11, 95% CI 3.04-3.18). In this cross-sectional study, physicians' responses exhibited superiority in the present Chinese-language context. Nonetheless, LLMs can provide valuable medical guidance to autistic patients and may even surpass physicians in demonstrating empathy. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that further optimization and research are imperative prerequisites before the effective integration of LLMs in clinical settings across diverse linguistic environments can be realized. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2300074655; https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=199432.

LEGAL PROTECTION OF LINGUISTIC MINORITY UNDER DISCRIMINATION: THE CASE OF ANGLOPHONE CAMEROON

The minority English-speaking population in Cameroon, where French is the majority language, has a number of political, economic, and social complaints that collectively make up the "Anglophone problem." These grievances are described using the terms discrimination, marginalization, and second-class citizenship. The right to speak English in Cameroon must always be upheld as a fundamental right. To protect the rights of minorities, Cameroon has established a number of laws. Since Cameroon and many other countries have ratified a number of human rights instruments, it is the state's duty to safeguard all the rights guaranteed by these instruments, including those of minorities. As demonstrated by the current crisis, another escalation in that cycle, there are several political systemic deficiencies that need to be closed if Cameroon is to grow as a single nation. Greater localized control over political and financial resources might be necessary to achieve this. In order to better serve the needs of citizens, existing institutions and leadership structures must become more accommodating.

Validation of the Italian version of the Dark Tetrad at Work scale.

This study presents and validates the Italian adaptation of the Dark Tetrad at Work (DTW) scale, an instrument for assessing four socially aversive personality traits (narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy and sadism) in the context of the workplace. A total of 300 Italian-speaking participants (50% female, M age = 32 years ± 9.2) and 253 English-speaking participants (38% female, M age = 39 years ± 12.1) were recruited via an online survey platform. The Italian-speaking sample was used to test the factorial structure, reliability and criterion-related validity of the Italian version of the DTW, whereas the English-speaking sample was used to test cross-language measurement invariance. Results from confirmatory factor analysis showed that the original four-factor model provided the best fit to the data. The Italian DTW scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency, with reliability coefficients of ω = .77 for narcissism, ω = .80 for Machiavellianism, and ω = .81 for both psychopathy and sadism. Concurrent associations between the DTW scales and negative and positive workplace outcomes supported the criterion validity of the scale. Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism positively correlated with counterproductive work behaviors and workplace bullying, and negatively with organizational citizenship behaviors and affective organizational commitment. In contrast, narcissism exhibited a unique pattern: It correlated positively with positive workplace behaviors and negatively with counterproductive behaviors toward the organization, but it was also found to be a significant predictor of workplace bullying. This finding may reflect multidimensional nature of narcissism, but a note of caution is warranted in interpreting this result, as all measurements relied on self-report instruments, introducing the possibility of socially desirable associations influencing the outcomes. Finally, the comparison with the English sample established configural, full metric and partial scale invariance, allowing for valid cross-language comparisons between Italian and English-speaking populations in the future. Preliminary Italian normative data were provided to offer a benchmark for the interpretation of DTW values. This study provides a reliable and valid instrument tailored to the Italian workforce, enhancing our understanding of dark personality traits within organizational contexts and providing organizations with an effective means to address and manage dark personality traits for a healthier workplace culture.

Differences in reproductive health discussions in an urban Hispanic population with SLE: lessons from the field

ObjectiveManagement of reproductive health-related issues is crucial for patients with SLE, given this is a disease that primarily affects women of childbearing age. Little is known as to how the...

Psychometric Evaluation and Misophonic Experience in a Portuguese-Speaking Sample.

Misophonia, a disorder characterised by an extreme sensitivity to certain sounds, is increasingly being studied in cross-cultural settings. The S-Five scale is a multidimensional psychometric tool initially developed to measure the severity of misophonia in English-speaking populations. The scale has been validated in several languages, and the present study aimed to validate the European Portuguese S-Five scale in a Portuguese-speaking sample. The scale was translated into Portuguese using a forward-backwards translation method. The psychometric properties of the S-Five scale were evaluated in a sample of 491 Portuguese-speaking adults. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a five-factor structure consistent with previous versions of the S-Five scale. The five factors were as follows: (1) internalising appraisals, (2) externalising appraisals, (3) perceived threat and avoidance behaviour, (4) outbursts, and (5) impact on functioning. The satisfactory psychometric properties of the S-Five scale further indicated its cross-cultural stability. As a psychometrically robust tool, the S-Five can measure misophonia in Portuguese-speaking populations, allowing future studies to explore and compare misophonia in this population.