English-language Press Research Articles

Problems and Prospects of Local English-Language Newspapers in KP

This research study discusses the problems and prospects of the English-language newspapers that were either launched in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa or are still being published in the province. The English-language press is a mirror to the international community because English is an international means of communication. However, the English press in KP has been on the decline for a host of reasons. The study concludes that local English newspapers of KP province are losing their readership, particularly print versions, and they also face a lack of advertisements from the government, a lack of business or corporate sector, and the emergence and use of online media, comparatively high prices of the newspapers, In the end, the study gives recommendations, which may guide the owners and media managers of the local English-language newspapers about how to improve the state of the press in the province.

Англоязычные эвфемизмы как средство манипулирования в прессе

This study is devoted to the analysis of the manipulative potential of euphemisms in the texts of the English-language press. The purpose of the work is to consider euphemisms as one of the types of manipulators in a journalistic text, revealing their role in forming the desired reaction. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that euphemisms are not studied in isolation, but in combination with other lexical units that form a whole text and create manipulation of the recipient’s consciousness. The author of the article shows how euphemisms in combination with other lexical means can influence the perception of information and form a certain point of view. The article proves that euphemisms are actively used by the authors of articles in the function of manipulation. This research can be useful not only for students of language courses, translators and teachers, but also for journalists, since understanding the mechanisms of manipulation will help them to create more objective materials, and readers will critically evaluate information received from various sources.

Situating the English-Foreign-Language Press

The introduction to this special issue on “the English-language press abroad” builds on the different case studies to theoretically reflect on this rather neglected press category. The label applies to titles published in English in a country that did/does not have English as (one of) its de jure or de facto language(s) and that was not part of the British (formal) Empire. By situating those titles in a broader historical canvas that stretches back to the first-ever English-language serial abroad (1620, in the Netherlands), the introduction proposes three categories of (potentially overlapping) functions: titles that act as cultural brokers (including for an expat community), titles that act as agents of cultural diplomacy and/or informal imperialism and titles that use English as a lingua franca to conjure up cosmopolitan and supranational realities. The introduction argues that any discussion of such titles needs to connect scales, but can barely do away with the national. This also applies to issues of heritage and preservation, while the digital age creates manifold possibilities for rediscovering these titles in a critical manner.

Measuring economic country-specific uncertainty in Türkiye

In this paper, a new measure for uncertainty that affects the economy is proposed, constructed, and applied to an emerging economy, Türkiye. We have constructed an index of economic country-specific uncertainty (ECSU) that is in line with the methodology used in constructing economic policy uncertainty indexes. As the economic uncertainty is of the Knightian type, the essence of measuring it lies in counting the frequency of joint appearances of words related to economics and uncertainty in Turkish-language newspapers. The uncertainty index constructed using local language sources- Turkish performs significantly better in measuring country-specific uncertainty in Türkiye. However, some indexes use English language sources to measure uncertainty in Türkiye- did not make them country-specific. The ECSU was tested by evaluating the dynamic real effects of the uncertainty. This evaluation was performed by the analysis of impulse responses from uncertainty to some economic variables in a vector autoregressive model describing the economy of Türkiye. We find that an unexpected increase in uncertainty in the Turkish-language press is related to decreases in industrial production, employment, and trade. If the uncertainty measure is based on the articles from the English-language press only, no such relationship can be confirmed. We also find that an increase in uncertainty leads to increase in inflation and stock and oil prices.

Uncovering Facts: The Truth about the Great Patriotic War in the English-Language Press of 1941 to 1945

Uncovering Facts: The Truth about the Great Patriotic War in the English-Language Press of 1941 to 1945

Linguistic creativity in British media discourse

Relevance. The relevance of this work is due to the need to study the different manifestations of linguistic creativity in contemporary British media discourse, as it serves as a benchmark for the preparation of journalistic materials worldwide. This is driven by the desire to create universal models used to maximise the readership's attention. Purpose. This article aims to investigate linguistic creativity in the English-language press, assessing the linguistic potential of phonetic, lexical-semantic, morphological, word-formation, and stylistic means. Methodology. The methodology involves theoretical comprehension of the works of modern linguists, comparative research of linguistic creativity aspects, and structural, linguistic, and contextual analysis in the study of occasional lexemes in British media discourse. Results. This article evaluates the linguistic potential of certain linguistic units in modern English-language newspapers. It provides examples of occasional use of lexical-semantic, word-formation, and stylistic transformations in various content types. It also investigates partial and full telescopic, haplology units, and the reasons for the appearance of neologisms in media discourse. Conclusions. The materials presented in this work apply to the diagnosis of corpus data in the context of English-language media discourse. They are also suitable for assessing the limits of lexical-semantic transformations and the productivity of certain word-formation models used to create new lexemes. Additionally, they help form the culture of application and use of occasional vocabulary and neologisms in modern journalistic practice. Keywords: linguistics; English-language press; newspaper; word-formant

THE COMMUNICATIVE-PRAGMATIC MODEL OF NEWS TEXTS DISSEMINATING CHINESE CULTURE AMONG CENTRAL ASIAN COLLEGE STUDENTS

In this paper we study the definition of Chinese cultural values and their verbal representation in one of the leading news genres – the event note, on the material of Chinese English-language press. The cultural values of China are currently a hot topic, which is covered by various information channels – the radio, TV, the Internet, the press. However, linguistic modeling of such texts has received little coverage so far, which reduces the effectiveness of such texts as educational material as well as the material for comparative studies. The building of the communicative-pragmatic model of the event note as a news text genre, on the one hand, reveals the linguo-stylistic, communicative and pragmatic characteristics of the object of study, while on the other hand, it reveals the features of the components of the communicative-pragmatic model of the event note, which will allow transmitting the acquired knowledge for the analysis of other genres of text on the material of various languages. The language means used in the verbalization of the structural components of the event note and the strategical potential have their own specifics and make the process of communication successful.

The distant snowy land where rounded creatures dwell

With the release of the Moominvalley (2019–) animated TV series, the Moomin characters have once again appeared on screens across the world. Whether this newest adaptation of Tove Jansson’s books and comic strips will initiate a new ‘Moomin boom’ remains to be seen. Nevertheless, the re-appearance of the Moomins in domestic (Finnish) and international media has sparked a resurgence of nostalgia among audiences already familiar with the characters. The present study examines what meanings are attributed to the Moomin stories and sites associated with them in the context of media-induced tourism. The study draws on seven English-language press articles featuring authors’ observations and reflections on their visits to places with connections to the Moomins and/or Tove Jansson in Finland. The personal importance of Jansson’s works and associated locations for these members of the audience is revealed through analysis of the notions of belonging and nostalgia in their accounts. On a wider sociocultural level, the findings demonstrate that values associated with Jansson’s texts are (re)negotiated in new contexts and found relevant in times of contemporary socioeconomic, political and environmental crises, and that it reflects in how places with connections to her and her works are viewed and experienced. The data further show that themes in the Moomin books are viewed in parallel to what is perceived as Finnish values, such as care for others, equality and respect for nature. Finland is also imagined as a fairytalesque land, both the home of the writer and even of the Moomins themselves.

Excavating the English-Language Press in the Ottoman Empire (1841–1923) Editors, State Actors, Readers

The English-language press in the Ottoman Empire was long thought near inexistent. While this article acknowledges that most English-language press titles in that country were few compared to the French-Ottoman press and resorted to French at one moment or another in their history, it investigates a body of English-Ottoman serials that proclaimed some connection to Britain or the US over the period 1841–1923 in order to expose the complex and multidirectional power relationships between British/American Levantine editors, British/American diplomatic actors, the Ottoman State, and readers (both in the Ottoman Empire and beyond). What did it mean to publish an English-Ottoman serial? Considering language as a social practice that helps reconcile the local and the global in the context of the foreign language press, this article seeks to understand motivations behind English-language serial publishing in the Ottoman Empire and how a mix of local/global constraints shaped titles like The Levant Herald (1856–1914).

Ziemie Zabrane w angielskojęzycznej prasie związanej ze stronnictwem księcia Adama Jerzego Czartoryskiego w początkach emigracji

“The Taken Lands” in English-language press related to the political camp of prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski at the begining of exile The article is based on three English-language press titles published in the early 1830s in Great Britain by Polish emigrants and British supporters of the Polish case related to the political camp of Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski. These are: “The Hull Polish Record,” “The Polish Exile,” and “Polonia or Monthly Reports of Polish Affairs”. The main aim of the article is to recreate the image of the so-called “Ziemie Zabrane” (The Taken Lands) – i.e. the former Polish provinces incorporated directly into the Russian Empire after 1795. These were the lands of today’s Lithuania, part of Latvia, all of Belarus and the right-bank of Ukraine. The authors of the several articles devoted to this issue presented – in their writings – the history of these lands from the Middle Ages, their fate during the partitions until the November Uprising, the course of which in Lithuania and Ukraine was described in more detail. There were also reports of repressions that fell upon the inhabitants of these lands after the defeat of the uprising. On the pages of the surveyed press one can also find reports on the state of the economy of these lands, trade and water routes; biographies of famous people born in these areas and many descriptions of their tourist and sightseeing values. In each of these cases, the authors of the texts tried to emphasize the ties between these lands and their inhabitants with the rest of the Polish territory and convince the potential readers that they constitute its integral part, which should be included in it in the event of the reconstruction of the independent Polish state.

FACTORS INFLUENCING JOB-QUIT AMONG NEWSPAPER JOURNALISTS IN PAKISTAN

A survey was conducted on 446 newspaper journalists working in Karachi, who do journalism in Sindhi, Urdu, and English languages, to understand the reasons for their job quitting. The findings revealed that low salaries, job insecurity, and inconvenient administrative policies are why journalists leave their profession permanently. Additionally, a statistical test showed that the most significant issue is journalists receiving uncompetitive salaries, especially in Sindhi language newspapers. Furthermore, journalists working in the English language press tend to be pessimistic about their future in journalism. In contrast, Urdu language journalists are concerned about the threat to their lives, which is also a leading cause of job quitting. Keywords: Job leaving factor, newspaper journalist, administrative policy.

The national security law for Hong Kong: a corpus-driven comparative study of media representations between China’s and Anglo-American English-language press

The study conducts a comparative phraseological analysis of media representations associated with the National Security Law for Hong Kong between China’s and Anglo-American English-language press. Based on a corpus-driven methodology, four framing functions, i.e., politics and law, protests and crime, action and future, and evaluation are identified to suggest how the legislation is addressed and understood in different press. The findings demonstrate that the Chinese press prefers to solely highlight the law’s potential benefits and its favorable results, whereas the Anglo-American press is inclined to construct the law as a weapon deployed by China to threaten Hong Kong’s legal system and undermine its democratic autonomy. The study discusses the newly politicalized Hong Kong in different socio-political practices and geopolitical tensions between China and the West.

Editorial as a Discursive Genre

Editorial is considered as a discursive genre of the English-language press. The concept of the discursive genre was developed by M. Montgomery on the example of mass media texts and allows us to combine the approach to considering the genre, on the one hand, as a recurrent stable structure, and on the other hand, to emphasize its mobility and variability. It is argued that this approach is especially relevant for media texts due to the existing difficulties in developing their typology and determining their status. The genre-forming features of editorial are highlighted: the use of colloquial speech, argumentativeness, intertextuality, high emotionality of the language, the presence of individual author’s nominations, as well as the use of discursive practices of recommendation and forecasting. The structure of the genre is defined: it is a three-stage model, where the conclusion plays a special role, which, in turn, can take such forms as conclusion-recommendations, conclusion-forecast, conclusion-evaluation, as well as various combinations of all three types of conclusions. It has been established that, from the point of view of content, the editorial covers the most pressing issues that are at the center of socio-political debates. The definition of editorial is given as a genre of high-quality English-language press, which acts as a tool for promoting the political interests of the newspaper and influencing public values and attitudes.

China’s Greater Bay Area Plan and Hong Kong: How Phraseologies Represent Different Voices in the Media

This study applies phraseologies to the comparative examination of China’s Greater Bay Area plan between Chinese and Anglo-American English-language press. Findings show that the Chinese texts are concerned in promoting cross-border Greater Bay Area integrated development allied with positive references to the role of Hong Kong, whereas the Anglo-American texts construct the Greater Bay Area plan as a political project and place emphasis on the negative impact on Hong Kong. Also, while the Chinese texts focus on government support to legitimate the plan, the Anglo-American texts underline political threat to Hong Kong as a form of delegitimation. This study explicated the social-political factors behind each particular way of representation by presenting an approach that could yield insights into the new politicalized Hong Kong.

Status of the Ukrainian Language in the Context of Global Challenges and Military Aggression (Based on the Material of the Modern English-Language Press)

Russia's military aggression against Ukraine has globally transformed the media landscape. Facing global challenges, the world's media began to continuously publicize the unacceptable violations and catastrophic Russian armed aggression consequences. On February 24, 2022, Russia attacked Ukraine, and these events prompted both Ukrainian and global journalists to refocus on wartime conditions. This work is a compilation of theoretical and methodological approaches that may be useful for the study of the discourse transformations within media discourse. The work is time-limited, but it is during the period in question that the “language issue” roared throughout the pages. The idea of combining the concept of discourse, sociolinguistics, and lexico-semantics to understand the discursive and linguistic event was proposed. These methodologies were grouped around ideas that recognize the relevance of English-language mass media. To study a linguistic event such as the Ukrainian war, the empirical part aimed to illustrate how proceedings such as guilt, linguistic conflict, can be investigated by methods of discourse analysis and other linguistic phenomena. Such a constructivist approach develops the working hypothesis that nomination (as a discursive record) varies according to the work and sociopolitical stakes of the speaker.

Print Media Coverage of Climate Change: Comparative Study of Opinion Pages of Pakistan’s Urdu and English Language Press

Print Media Coverage of Climate Change: Comparative Study of Opinion Pages of Pakistan’s Urdu and English Language Press

“We Arrived Openly and Without any Disguise on this Coast…”: The Schooner “Vixen” Case in the Investigation Papers and British Press of the Late 1830s

In this article, the author examines the details of the detention of the British schooner “Vixen” on the north-east coast of the Black Sea in November 1836. Although the analysis of the Russian-British diplomatic controversy surrounding the incident has been undertaken in Russian historiography, it has not made use of original investigative material or official accounts of the perpetrators in the English-language press of the late 1830s. The use of historical computer reconstructions can significantly clarify both the “Vixen” Inquiry materials and correct the conclusions of some contemporary researchers who have addressed the political background of the incident. It also allowed the author to check the credibility of the investigative material collected between 1836 and 1837 as part of the original “Vixen” files. It also clarifies the political conclusions drawn by both Russian imperial authorities and British politicians, and corrects some of the assumptions of contemporary historians focused on examining the political repercussions of the case. The author also examines the conditions of the Russian blockade of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus at the end of the 1830s. This is consistent with the aim of the study, namely to recreate a complete picture of the capture of the schooner “Vixen”. The latter was beyond the scope of previous studies. The study is based on materials from the Russian Navy State Archives (RGA VMF), as well as publications in British, American, and Australian newspapers. The author used the memoirs of the owner of the “Vixen”, James Stanislaus Bell, and the captain of the Russian ship, N.P. Volf, as additional primary source material. The study corroborates the conclusions that the “Vixen” incident was a premeditated provocation, but disputes the popular perception that the ship was actually carrying a cargo of weapons and gunpowder, as insisted on by the Russian side. The breach of the blockade by “Vixen” was a clear reconnaissance operation, which allowed the British to observe not only the technical inferiority of Russian ships in terms of modern requirements, but also the excessive bureaucratisation of the entire Russian Black Sea Fleet's management system. This gave British diplomacy, which had contested the terms of the Treaty of Adrianople, additional arguments for its diplomatic efforts.

Особенности работы с аутентичными текстами новостного и публицистического характера в профессиональной иноязычной подготовке студентов-международников

The study aims to identify the features of working with authentic material in foreign language classes with students of the Faculty of International Relations. The paper clarifies that authentic texts of the foreign English-language press are a valuable source for the development of professional foreign language skills of students. However, news texts may contain biased coverage of events, historical inaccuracies, which should be taken into account by the teacher when selecting the material. Scientific novelty of the study lies in determining the specifics of selecting modern authentic texts of the English-language press for the development of communicative foreign language skills necessary for future diplomats in their professional sphere, more specifically, modern authentic texts of the English-language press may contain historical inaccuracies, excessive subjectivity and biased coverage of current and historical events both in the Russian Federation and abroad, which must be taken into account in the process of professional foreign language training of future diplomats. As a result, it has been proved that the bias of authentic news and journalistic texts for use in the framework of foreign language training of international relations students should not be ignored. The paper presents the author’s system of exercises aimed at the development of professional foreign language skills of students based on working with authentic news and journalistic texts.

An Exploration of the Discursive Representation of Chinese Dream in a Chinese English-Language Press

The aim of this discursive representation of the Chinese Dream is to analyze the presentation of the Chinese English-Language press based on the corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis. The study sought to establish (a) key terms used to discuss the Chinese Dream in the Chinese English-language press (b) the collocation of key terms in the Chinese Dream discourse in the English-language press in China and (c) the frequently used words in the discussion of the Chinese Dream discourse in the English-Language press in China. The findings of this paper give credence to the assertion that powerful officials use media coverage to manipulate other members of the society by providing the information that will work in their favor. Mostly, the Chinese dream has been sold as a dream for all the Chinese people and the President, the Chinese Communist Party, and the party’s general secretary are some of the entities that have been used to give weight to the preposition.

DOMINANT INVECTIVE CONSTRUCTIONS OF MANIPULATION IN ENGLISH NEWSPAPER TEXTS

The importance of the media in relation to the problems caused by risk and uncertainty, which led to potential distortions with a significant impact on public opinion, is outlined. There is a contradiction in the hypothesis that the press in its content is a tool to encourage negative attitudes towards people who may be the probable cause of violence and a propagandist of widespread invective beliefs. The peculiarities of the reflection of the issue of migrants on the pages of English newspapers are analyzed. Examples of negative appeals in the columns of English newspapers are presented. Significant results of the research through the prism of polarized and aggressive materials of the English-language press in the context of different countries are noted. Emphasis is placed on the negative approach to the coverage of immigration and ethnic relations, as well as the reflection of the stereotypical image of a bad doctor. It is indicated that the obtained factual material of the image-stereotype structure consists of a certain set of components of nuclear and peripheral qualifiers. The most common problems in the context of the relationship in the “doctor-patient” system are highlighted. Similarities and differences in stereotypes within the analyzed linguistic cultures are revealed. The content and reasons for using the neutralization strategy to reproduce the invective are characterized. The strategy of stylistic replacement in the conditions of expediency of changing the language expression to a language function of the target culture similar in its functions is singled out. Stylistic amplification (or emphasis) and cases of its appropriate application are considered. It is noted that for the purpose of language aggression neologisms with inherent evaluation and adherent evaluation can be used. It is stipulated that the detection of invective vocabulary is relevant in the linguistic examination of controversial texts in cases of insult.