Engineering Construction Research Articles

Mesoscopic analysis on the coral aggregate reinforced concrete column under axial and eccentric compression

Coral aggregate concrete (CAC) has been identified as a promising building material for reef engineering construction, yet its practical application remains challenging due to incomplete research on the mechanical behaviors of the CAC beam and column components. In this study, a 3D mesoscale modeling approach considering the heterogeneity of CAC was utilized to investigate the mechanical performance of coral aggregate reinforced concrete columns (CARCCs) under axial and eccentric compression. Through numerical delineation of failure processes and damage mechanisms at the mesoscale, comprehensive parametric analysis integrating both numerical simulations and experimental validations were executed to assess the load-bearing capacity of CARCC. Results indicate that the mesoscale model has significant reliability in simulating the deformation and cracking failure behaviors and analyzing the load-displacement relationships of CARCC under axial and eccentric compression loads. When under axial loads, macroscopic cracks in CARCC primarily develop in an oblique manner, precipitating significant concrete spalling and extensive cracking failure along the longitudinal axis. Under eccentric loads, failure advances from crack initiation at load points to abrupt vertical fractures in stressed zones, manifesting a decrement in the load-bearing capacity with escalating eccentricity. Furthermore, the strength grade and reinforcement ratio exert a profound influence on the load-bearing capacity, with disparate impacts under varied loading conditions. It is concluded that reinforcement strategies tailored to specific loading conditions have significant implications for the design and safety of reinforced concrete structures in reef engineering projects.

Rational Synthesis of Spongy Fe3N@N-Doped Carbon Nanorods with Controlled Topography and Porosity for Enhanced Energy Storage Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Iron nitrides with the merits of high theoretical capacities, cost-effectiveness, and good electronic/ionic conductivity have been recognized as attractive anode candidates for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Carbon compositing, pore engineering, and nanostructure construction have proved to be effective strategies to prepare high-performance metal nitride anodes for LIBs. Herein, we synthesized a series of Fe3N-embedded and N-doped carbon nanorods (Fe3N@NCNR) with a hierarchical porous system and controllable topography by metal-catalyzed graphitization-nitridization of the Fe(III)-triazole framework (Fe-MOF) and thermal evaporation of the triblock copolymer F127 template assembled in Fe-MOF via hydrogen bonding interaction, followed by the air oxidation and urea-assisted ammonolysis processes. The Fe3N@NCNR as anodes for LIBs display extraordinary lithium storage capabilities with a high reversible capacity of 830 mA h g-1 at 0.1 C, a good rate performance of 576 mAh g-1 at 5 C, and a long-term cycling stability of 742 mA h g-1 over 600 cycles at 1 C. Such outstanding performance benefits from the spongy carbon nanorods with rich macropores for rapid electronic/ionic transport and effective accommodation of electrode volume expansion, abundant N-doped meso-/microporous carbon for the additional storage of Li+ via capacitive effect, and the efficient utilization of Fe3N nanoparticles uniformly distributed through carbon nanorods. Importantly, this work introduces an effective strategy to construct superior performance nitride anodes from MOF surfactants based on hydrogen bonding-driven interface self-assembly and provides insight into the preparation of highly efficient nanoarchitectures for Li+ storage.

Experimental study on mechanical properties of 3D Printed layered rock like materials

Layered rocks are prevalent in the Earth’s crust and are frequently encountered in underground engineering construction. Due to their pronounced anisotropy, the deformation and failure mechanism of layered rock are complex. Laboratory tests are an effective way to study these mechanisms. However, natural layered rocks present challenges, such as difficult sampling and large discreteness. Additionally, current methods for creating layered rock models are often costly or lack precision, limiting research into their mechanical properties. In this study, a 3D printing process using wet material extrusion was adopted, with a wide range of material options and low production costs. Five layered model samples with bedding dip angles of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° were printed using this method. Uniaxial compression tests were conducted, supplemented by digital image correlation (DIC) to capture detailed stress–strain data and failure patterns. The results demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed samples closely resemble those of natural layered rocks and exhibit significant anisotropy. This approach presents a new cost-effective method for studying the mechanical behavior of layered rock.

Research on Teaching Reform of Landscape Engineering Course based on the Concept of CDIO

With the advancement of new engineering construction, it is urgent to explore the teaching reform of professional courses in the cultivation of landscape architecture professionals in combination with industry needs. In order to solve the problems existing in the current Landscape Engineering course, such as traditional teaching methods, insufficient student interest, lack of practical links, and the disconnection between teaching content and industry demand. This study discusses the teaching reform of the Landscape Engineering course based on the CDIO (Conceive-Design-Implement-Operate) concept, aiming at solving the problems mentioned. Through the integration of CDIO mode, the core competencies that students should have are defined, including environmental landscape design and planning, innovative thinking, project management, and so on. The research emphasizes project-driven learning, interdisciplinary knowledge integration, and practical skill training, and puts forward strategies such as teacher training and professional development support to ensure the implementation of the reform. The purpose of the reform was to improve students’ professional ability and employment competitiveness, promote the improvement of education quality and the sustainable development of the industry, and exert a positive impact on landscape engineering education and industry progress.

Sedimentation characteristics of surficial sediments in Baiyun Canyon area, Northern South China Sea

The Baiyun Canyon area on the Northern Slope of the South China Sea is a potential hotspot for oil and gas resource development, but the sediment characteristics and sedimentary environment in this region present challenges for offshore engineering. This study comprehensively analyzed the physical, and mechanical properties of sediments in the area using geophysical exploration, engineering geological investigation, fixed-point sampling and hydrological observation. The engineering geological characteristics and sedimentary environment of surface sediments in the Baiyun Canyon area were studied, and the relationship between physical and mechanical properties and sedimentary environment was explored. The study revealed that the sediments in this area consist mainly of organic soft clay with high water content, low density, high pore ratio, high liquid limit, high plasticity and low strength. The physical and mechanical properties of the sediments vary, with the mechanical properties exhibiting higher variability than the physical properties. The research findings offer a scientific basis for understanding the seabed soil properties for designing submarine engineering structures in the deep waters of the northern South China Sea. This study holds significant theoretical and practical implications for oil and gas exploration and offshore engineering construction.

Three-dimensional mesoscopic investigation on the dynamic compressive behavior of coral sand concrete with reinforced granite coarse aggregate (GCA)

In the construction of island and reef engineering, coral concrete shows a good application prospect due to its abundant raw materials. However, the porous and fragile mechanical characteristics of coral reefs limit their use as coarse aggregate in the preparation of coral concrete materials. This study utilized hard and dense granite as the coarse aggregate and regarded coral sand concrete as a two-phase composite material consisting of spherical granite coarse aggregate (GCA) and coral mortar. It investigated the enhancement effect of granite on coral concrete from a microscopic perspective. Five 3D mesoscopic models with different GCA contents and randomly distributed aggregates were established to reveal the variation patterns and failure mechanisms of coral sand concrete under impact loading with GCA. The findings demonstrate that the K&C model can effectively simulate the dynamic compression behavior of coral mortar and granite materials. Under the action of a half-sine incident wave, the dynamic compressive strength of the samples increases with the increase in GCA, demonstrating that the addition of GCA can effectively enhance the impact resistance of coral sand concrete. As the content of GCA increases, the sensitivity of the samples to the loading wave amplitude also increases accordingly.

A New Self-Sensing Fiber Optic Anchor to Monitor Bolt Axial Force and Identify Loose Zones in the Surrounding Rock of Open TBM Tunnels.

TBM has been widely used in underground engineering and construction, but there is no precedent for the application of open TBM in the inclined shafts of coal mines, which brings new challenges to the support system. The distribution of the axial forces on anchors and the range of loosening of the surrounding rock are crucial considerations in tunnel support design. Existing methods for measuring the axial forces in anchors and determining the extent of loosening in the surrounding rock typically remain at the inspection level, lacking long-term and real-time monitoring capabilities. This paper presents a new self-sensing anchor with embedded optical fibers (made using an improved stirrer) and proposes an intelligent tunnel rock monitoring system. The paper also outlines a method for identifying loosening zones in surrounding rock based on monitoring data and theoretical analysis. Installing self-sensing anchors in the deep sections of the rock surrounding a tunnel provides three-dimensional, round-the-clock real-time monitoring of the axial forces acting on the anchors, using new technology and methods to recognize the deformation characteristics of loosening zones within the surrounding rock. This new self-sensing fiber optic anchor was first applied to an open TBM tunneling project in an inclined shaft in the Kekegai coal mine, and monitoring data indicate that self-sensing optical fiber anchors can accurately reflect stress patterns in real time. The axial force curve can be divided into four segments: the borehole area, the loosening zone, the stable zone, and the anchoring zone. Consequently, it accurately identifies the thickness of loosening zones at different positions within the tunnel's surrounding rock. This information is compared and verified against results obtained from bolt dynamometers and borehole inspection. On this basis, an intelligent monitoring system was established to provide a basis for making engineering construction decisions, which makes tunnel construction smarter and helps technicians timely adjust TBM driving and support parameters.

Three-dimensional Change Detection and Description in Complex Construction Scenarios

Abstract. In large-scale engineering construction scenarios, construction objects and equipment are numerous; their spatial positions and postures change frequently and are complex and varied. Describing the changes between construction entities and the entities themselves in a three-dimensional (3D) geometric space and functional semantic space is challenging. In response to this challenging, we propose a novel workflow to detect and describe the changes in a construction site. First, we add the constraint of object surface continuity to the octree change detection (OCD), exclude the independently changing cells, and improve the change detection robustness. Second, based on the changes in entity elements that occur in the 3D geometric space, we introduce six-type semantics to characterize the changes that occur. Differing from existing change detection semantic description methods that focus on the attribute semantics of changed entity elements, our method focuses on the semantic description of the change process. Finally, for the variations in different semantic types, we propose specific quantization methods that can better quantify the variations in entity elements in 3D geometric space. For the proposed solution, we tested it using two sets of multi-period time-series point cloud data, which can accurately identify the changing construction entities in space and complete the calculation of bridge construction progress, including the building demolition and construction, and the change in the construction apparatus position.

Modelling inter-relationships of barriers to smart construction implementation

Smart construction technology offers fresh avenues for advancing the field of civil engineering. It seamlessly integrates across the entire life cycle of civil engineering projects, encompassing planning, design, construction, and maintenance, thereby fundamentally reshaping the landscape of civil engineering development. Nonetheless, it is essential to recognize that, presently, smart construction’s developmental stage remains relatively nascent. Its progression is subject to a myriad of adoption barriers, and the complex dynamics of their interactions remain insufficiently understood. Therefore, this study aims to (1) explore the barriers to the adoption of smart construction; (2) analyze the impact level of each barrier; and the interaction mechanism between the barriers (3) propose effective strategies to promote the development of smart construction. This study commences by identifying 16 major impediments to the adoption of smart construction through a comprehensive synthesis of existing literature and expert interviews. Subsequently, Euclidean similarity analysis is employed to harmonize varying expert assessments. Following this, the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory model is utilized to ascertain the degree of influence associated with each barrier. Further, the Interpretive Structural Model is employed to establish a hierarchical framework that illuminates the interdependencies among these barriers. Additionally, the Matrice d’Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliqués à un Classement method is invoked to elucidate the roles and statuses of each barrier. Finally, strategies are proposed based on the results of the analysis. This study offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers and driving the adoption of smart construction, filling a critical gap in understanding by identifying key barriers and providing actionable insights, thus significantly advancing the field and empowering stakeholders for successful implementation and dissemination.

Insights into potential of banana leaf powder as a mud soil stabilizer

This study proposes a novel method for managing surplus soil in urban construction projects by investigating the use of banana leaf powder (BLP) as an eco-friendly and efficient mud-soil stabilizer. This study is pioneering in its focus on the use of an agricultural waste product, BLP, as an alternative to conventional methods that frequently rely on cement or lime, which pose environmental concerns owing to their high alkalinity and carbon emissions. BLP, derived from dried and pulverized banana leaves, traditionally used in various industries, was evaluated for its suitability as a stabilizer against orange peel biopolymer (OBP) and fly ash (FA). The findings of this study are groundbreaking. BLP's water absorption capacity, Wab, although lower than that of OBP, was significantly higher than that of FA, demonstrating its potential as a mud soil stabilizer. BLP increased the compaction and strength of the treated clay, whereas OBP made it more challenging to compact the clay owing to gelatinization. The ease of compaction with BLP is attributed to the absorption of free water into the pores of the particles. These results suggest that differences in the stabilizer's water absorption mechanism affect the effectiveness of the post-treatment compaction process on the treated soil. An analysis of the impact of water absorption capacity on the cone index, qc, revealed a material-independent relationship between the parameter β (=Wab × A, where A denotes stabilizer addition content) and qc for BLP and FA. This is because, in contrast to OBP, BLP and FA did not gelatinize the free water that was not absorbed by the stabilizer and remained in the same form within the treated clay. This indicates that understanding the water absorption capacity and mechanism of organic- or inorganic-based stabilizers is important for predicting the strength of treated soil. The same relationship between β and qc holds true for the hybrid-treated clay using both BLP and FA, with β considered to be the sum of β for both BLP and FA. Furthermore, this study innovatively addresses the concern of BLP decay in treated soil by creating a hybrid stabilizer with FA and conducting experiments to accelerate BLP decay using fungal mycelia. These experiments revealed that the hybrid-treated clay exhibited a more gradual decrease in carbon content and stabilized pH levels, implying that FA could inhibit decay by fungal mycelia, improving the BLP-treated soil's long-term durability. These findings suggest that agricultural wastes with high organic content can be effectively used for soil stabilization and ground improvement in civil engineering construction and maintenance projects by combining inorganic materials and taking advantage of their properties, such as high water absorbency. This can address the issues (such as high alkalinity and high carbon dioxide emissions) associated with cement- and lime-based stabilizers, which were previously widely used.

Investigation of the Influence of Cutter Geometry on the Cutting Forces in Soft–Hard Composite Ground by Tunnel Boring Machine Cutters

Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) are integral to modern underground engineering construction, offering enhanced safety and efficiency. However, TBMs often face challenges in complex geological conditions, such as composite strata, resulting in reduced advancement speed and increased cutter wear. This study investigates the rock-breaking characteristics of TBM disc cutters in composite strata through numerical simulations using the Particle Flow Code (PFC) 5.0 software. Focusing on the Jinan Metro Line 6, the research analyzes cutter forces, rock crack propagation, and the impact of cutter edge shapes on rock-breaking efficiency. The discrete element method (DEM) is employed to simulate microscopic behaviors of rocks, providing insights into crack formation, expansion, and failure. This study’s findings reveal that cutter design and operational parameters can significantly influence cutter lifespan and efficiency. By modifying cutter spacing and penetration depth, enhancing rock-breaking efficiency, and grouting softer layers, TBMs can maintain effective excavation in composite strata. The study establishes a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between TBM cutters and complex geological conditions, offering actionable strategies to enhance TBM performance and mitigate cutter damage.

Study on the Deformation and Energy Evolution of Skarn With Marble Band of Different Orientations Under Cyclic Loading: A Lab‐Scale Study

ABSTRACTThe aim of this work is to investigate the deformation and energy characteristics of skarn with different interlayer inclination angles under cyclic loading. The skarn samples with marble bands of various orientations (i.e., 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75°) were chosen as the test material. It is revealed from the testing results that the presence of interlayers changes the geomechanical properties of the rock, rock peak strength, and elastic modulus increases with increasing the interlayer inclination angle. Additionally, the growth rate of input energy exhibits an inverted “V” pattern with respect to the interlayer inclination angle. In terms of damage modes, intact marble and skarn predominantly exhibit tensile damage, whereas interlayered rocks exhibit a combination of tensile and shear failure pattern. Finally, a damage evolution model defined by axial strain is proposed and expressed to fit the experimental data. The results in this work would provide a crucial theoretical basis for the safety assessment of underground engineering constructions.

Concepts of Reusing Wind Turbine Blades in Civil Engineering Constructions

Wind turbines have become an important source of renewable energy in recent years, but recycling them is difficult due to their material properties. The paper indicates the possibility of using turbine blades to produce elements that can be filled with concrete and used as members of small geotechnical structures: retaining walls, point and well foundations, foundations for railings, fences, road signs, etc., as well as excavation linings and shoring walls. In these solutions, concrete-filled elements of turbine blades constitute a form (formwork) for concrete, protecting it against environmental influences, and can also cooperate with concrete in transferring loads.

Experimental investigation of mechanical properties of structural interlayers for rock masses during drilling process

With the continuous development of underground engineering construction in China, it is particularly important to study the identification of structural plane characteristics of rock masses. In this study, three types of pseudo-rock specimens with structural plane interlayers were fabricated to analyze the patterns of drilling parameter changes in rock bodies with structural planes during the drilling process and to explore the characterization and identification methods of rock body structural planes. Gneiss, granite, and sandstone were used as rock materials, with gypsum mortar as the interlayer material for the structural planes in these three types of specimens. The indoor digital drilling equipment was utilized for conducting indoor digital drilling experiments. The variation patterns of drilling parameters in rock bodies with structural surfaces under different interlayer inclinations and thicknesses were analyzed. The relationship between the ratio of the change in rotational speed and drilling speed during the stable phase of the upper rock mass and the peak torque and peak drilling pressure has been established. The relationship between the structural plane inclination angle and the ratio of change in rotational speed and drilling speed has been determined. By utilizing the variation in these ratios, the impacts of the structural plane inclination angle and the thickness of the structural plane on the peak torque and peak drilling pressure have been elucidated. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the stability evaluation of rock masses with structural planes under drilling action.

Falling weight impact acceleration-time signals analysis for road modulus detection: theoretical and experimental investigations

Structural modulus detection is essential for construction and maintenance in road engineering. Falling weight impact loading method has significant strengths in large-scale, continuous, and rapid detection. To provide theoretical support for this, theoretical analysis and falling weight impact experiments were employed in this study to investigate the influence of road structure parameters and falling weight impact parameters on impact acceleration-time signals. First, the applicability of the Hertz model in road detection was analyzed, and theoretical formulas for peak acceleration amax and impact duration t2 were established, considering the perfectly elastic collision between falling weight and half-space. Second, the influence of layered structures’ properties on impact acceleration-time curves was studied through model box impact experiments. Third, field tests were conducted to study engineering applications. The results showed that the influence patterns were similar in both theoretical and experimental studies, with differences reflected in the time of compression and restitution phases due to the road materials’ viscosity and plasticity. Additionally, in indoor experiments, amax showed an excellent power function relationship with structural layer modulus, with R2 more than 0.95, and the contribution of each layer’s modulus to amax decreased from top to bottom. Finally, amax and resilient modulus of an old road also followed a good power function relationship, with R2 around 0.76. This study revealed that amax was recommended for road surface modulus detection based on solid theoretical and experimental support.

Undrained shear mechanical behaviors of dense gassy sand

Shallow gas can cause many disasters, and it is reported in many marine engineering constructions. For this, it is imperative to understand the impact of gas on the mechanical behaviors of soil. This study investigated the influence of undrained triaxial compression tests on dense gassy sand commonly encountered in coastal areas. Triaxial tests were performed on specimens with saturations of 100%, 99.8%, 95.9%, and 92.7% under confining pressures of 50 kPa and 200 kPa by a self-developed multi-purpose integrated triaxial apparatus (MITA) for gassy soil. The results are presented in terms of monotonic stress‒strain behavior, volumetric behavior, shear strength, and excess pore water pressure (EPWP). The occurrence of gas bubbles has different effects on loose and dense sands, augmenting the undrained shear strength of loose sand while concurrently diminishing that of dense sand. The deviatoric stress of dense sand increases during shear shrinkage, which is similar to the characteristics of loose sand under the influence of gas bubbles. However, following sand dilation, the effect of gas bubbles on deviatoric stress manifests in an antithetical manner. With elevated gas content, the shear strength of dense sand decreases, accompanied by a deceleration in the development of EPWP and a notable increase in volumetric changes. To this end, a microscopic explanation concerning the deformation and evolution of gas bubbles within sand during the shear process was presented to reveal the macroscopic laws governing the undrained shear attributes of dense gassy sand.

Application of UAV airborne LiDAR technology in highway engineering construction

Abstract The airborne LiDAR technology of UAVs is an efficient and high-precision spatial information acquisition technology. This paper introduces the airborne LiDAR technology of UAV in detail and studies the application of airborne LiDAR technology of UAV in highway construction based on the sixth section of the Leibokahalo-Yongshan connection line of G4216 Yibin Xinshi to Panzhihua Section. Engineering application practice shows that this technology can solve the difficult problem of obtaining basic geographic information data, and verify the rationality of the scheme and the matching degree with the field environment. In addition, compared with traditional survey technology, the technology has obvious advantages in the construction of highways in complex terrain, which helps to improve the quality of survey and design.

Optimalisasi Desain Struktur Gedung Interdisciplinary Engineering (IDE) – Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia dengan Memanfaatkan BIM (Building Information Modelling)

Project design is a step in the construction process that determines the technical requirements to be applied when the project is constructed. BIM (Building Information Modeling) is a form of technological innovation used in project design. BIM (Building Information Modeling) has become the main factor for increasing efficiency and accuracy; using BIM, everything related to design, construction, scheduling, and costs can be integrated into one digital platform that all stakeholders can access. In this paper, the structural planning optimization of the Interdisciplinary Engineering (IDE) Building - Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia, will be carried out. This building planning refers to (SNI-2847-2019) concerning Structural Concrete Requirements for Buildings and (SNI-1726-2019) concerning Procedures for Planning for Earthquake Resistance of Structures. Outputs are generated through superstructure and substructure plans, the design of foundation structures, columns, beams, and plates, 2D Detail Engineering Design (DED), 3D modeling, and construction management plans in the form of Budget Plans and scheduling.

Investigating soil properties and their effects on freeze-thaw processes in a thermokarst lake region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

Soil parameters form the foundation of hydrogeological research and are crucial for studying engineering construction and maintenance, climate change, and ecological environment effects in cold regions. However, the soil properties in the permafrost region of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) remain unclear. Hence, in this study, soil temperature (Ts), volumetric specific heat capacity (C), thermal conductivity (K), thermal diffusivity (D), soil water content (SWC), electric conductivity (EC), vertical (Kv) and horizontal (Kh) saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density (ρb), and soil texture near the Qinghai-Tibet Railway were measured, and their effects on the freeze-thaw process were evaluated. The results revealed a predominantly sandy loam soil texture, with Kh and Kv showing strong spatial variability, while the other parameters presented moderate spatial variability. Thermokarst lake had a limited influence on D, C, K, and ρb but significantly reduced Kh and Kv. Groundwater affected SWC, Ts, and EC. The model results showed that all parameters indicated small sensitivities to the maximum thawing depth (MTD), with MTD positively responding to all parameters except for Kv and porosity (ρp). Except for Kh and Kv, all parameters showed high sensitivities to the time from starting to complete freezing (TSCF). TSCF responded positively to C, ρp, and density (ρd) and negatively to K and Kh. This study expanded the quantification of soil properties in the QTP, which can help improve the accuracy of cryohydrogeologic models, thus guiding the construction and maintenance of infrastructure engineering.

Study on the working performance and microscopic mechanism of high-performance grouting material (HPGM) reinforced dense fine sand layer

To address the challenges of small diffusion radius, low early strength and long setting time of traditional cement grout in dense fine sand layer, based on the synergistic mechanism, a novel high-performance grouting material (HPGM) was developed using ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), ultra-fine fly ash (UFFA), and ultra-fine Portland cement (UFPC) as raw materials. Firstly, Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the working performance of HPGM under varying proportions. Secondly, based on the self-designed advanced small pipe grouting full-scale test device, the diffusion performance and reinforcement characteristics of HPGM under varying proportions were analyzed. Finally, the XRD and SEM testing methods were employed to elucidated the hydration mechanism of the HPGM. The test results indicate that as the mass ratio of GGBS to UFFA decreases, there is a gradual increase in hardening rate, fluidity and setting time of HPGM. Additionally, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) initially increase before decreasing. Furthermore, with the decreased mass ratio of GGBS to UFFA, the HPGM diffused in dense fine sand layer through compaction-splitting, permeation-splitting, and splitting grouting processes. The hydration products of the HPGM primarily consist of C(-A)-S-H, AFt, and Ca(OH)2, when the mass ratio of GGBS to UFFA falls within the range of 4:2–3:3, the UFFA facilitates the AFt hydration products in significant quantities. Its cementation and filling effect lead to the formation of a dense microstructure in the soil, resulting in a substantial reduction in permeability coefficient and a marked increase in UCS. The research findings can offer high-performance grouting material for underground engineering construction while also presenting innovative ideas for resource utilization from solid wastes like GGBS and UFFA.